期末復(fù)習(xí)之

2024-2025學(xué)年廣東高三英語第一學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)卷

本試卷滿分120分，考試時間120分鐘

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Teacherscannowregistertheirclassroomsforastudent-ledglobalprojectaimedatempoweringteenagerstodesign

theirownstrategiestotackleplasticpollution.

Overview

Theproject9sname,createdbyanenvironmentalexplorerandprojectfounder,symbolizesthesystematicreduction

ofdisposable（用后即丟棄的）plasticsthroughchangingnormsandbehaviorstoaddresstherootcausesofpollution.The

goalistoreach25countrieswithinthreeyears.TheEnglishversionlaunchedin2023hasalreadyattractedover65schools

from23countries.

Timeline

TheprojectwillofficiallyopenforregistrationtoEnglish-speakingstudentsthissummer.Classroomsparticipatingin

theprojectwillbeledbyteachersandsupportedbytheprojectteaminathree-monthperiod.Duringthetime,studentteams

willdesignpracticalstrategiestoaddressplasticpollutionintheircommunities.Studentswillalsohavetheopportunityto

showcasetheirsolutionsandinteractwithlike-mindedpeersfromaroundtheworldatafestivalinFloridanextNovember,

eitherinpersonorvirtually.

Details

InterestedteachersandschooladministratorscanregistertheirclassroomsfortheEnglishversionoftheprojectby

visitingtherelevantwebsite.Theprojectusesaproject-basedlearningapproachandtargetsstudentsaged15-16,aimingto

makeyoungpeoplethemaindriversoftheirlearning.Byempoweringyoungpeopletodesignandimplementtheirown

solutions,theprojecthopestohelpthenextgenerationoflocalandglobalcommunitybecomeinnovators.

Overthenexttwoyears,theprojectwillnetworkwithteachersworldwideandoffertheprojectforfreeto

internationalschoolsinbothSpanishandEnglish.

RegistrationDeadline

TheregistrationdeadlineisnextFebruary.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitourwebsite.

1.Whatdoestheprojecfstitlerepresentaccordingtothetext?

A.Theriseofplasticrecyclingcenters.B.Thegrowth,intheplastioindustry.

C.Theinventionofnewplasticproducts.D.Theorganizeddecreaseofsingle-useplastics.

2.Whenandwherewillstudentshavethechancetopresenttheirsolutions?

A.NextFebruaryonline.B.NextDecemberinTexas.

C.NextNovemberinFlorida.D.NextsummerinNewYorkCity.

3.Whatisthetext?

A.Anannouncement.B.Apromotionalad.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Anewsarticle.

B

Weallknowcacti（仙人掌）storewater——buttosurive,theyalsoadjusttheirflowerpositionstogainmoresunlightor

shade,andsomuchmore.Scientistshavebeencopyingtheresilientplants7methodstohelpengineerourfuture.

OneofthemostexcitingadvancementsinvolvesCopiapoa,agenusofcactiwithatleast32speciesfoundinthe

coastalAtacamaDesert,thedriestnonpolardesertonEarth.Thesecacti,typicallyfivetosixincheswide,canform

gray-greenbushesthatspreadoutoveranareaotherwiseemptyofvegetation.

Documentedbymanyscientists,Copiapoasprobablysurviveby<tdrinking^^thesaltyfogthatsweepsinfromthesea

everymorning,aswellasthedew-tinybitsofwater-thatformsontheirspines（尖束U）andskin.Thishasinspired

researcherTegwenMalikfromSwanseaUniversitytothinkaboutwhetherthedew-colletingprocessmightbereproduced

inmetalstructures.

Specifically,Maliktookacloselookattheone-and-a-quarter-inchspinesofCopiapoasandfoundthattheirsurface

hasaseriesoftinychannelsthatbroadenatthebase."Thiscreatesasurfaceroughnessthatenablesdewdropstomove

alongthemevenagainstgravity,shesays.

Startingin2013,shesetouttore-createthatstructurebyengineeringaflatmetalreproductionofthestemsand

spinesoftheCopiapoa,whichshebegantestingunderaseriesofdifferenttemperaturesandhumidities.Afterseveralyears

ofexperiments-testingindoorandoutdoorconditions,andwithvariouscoolingmethods-shefinallygotittowork.In

2023,Malikpublishedastudyshowingthattheirregularsurfacewas8percentmoreefficientatharvestingdewthanaflat

sheetusedasabaseline.

Malikimaginesdeserthomeswithwater-collectingfeaturestoprovidecleanwaterindryregions.t6Theeasiestway

couldbetoplacedew-harvestingsurfacesonroofs,butyoucouldalsohavethesestructuresintentsinthedesert,shesays.

“WetrulyhavehiddentreasuresintheCopiapoa,andweareonlyjustlearningsomeoftheirsecrets.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"resilient“meaninparagraph1?

A.Highlyadaptabletodifferentsoils.B.Abletogrowquicklyandefficiently

C.Resistanttodiseasesandharmfulinsects.D.Capableofsurvivingdifficultconditions

5.WhatdroveTegwenMaliktostudyCopiapoas?

A.Theirmetal-likesurface.B.Theirmechanismtogatherwater.

C.TheirtypicalappearanceD.Theirabilitytoformwaterdrops.

6.WhatwasthemainfocusofMalik'sexperimentwiththeCopiapoa?

A.RecreatingaflatmetalcopyofitB.Testingifitsmetalcopywouldwork

C.Seeinghowitsurvivesvariousclimates.D.Findingthemostefficientcoolingmethodforit.

7.HowmayMalik'smetalstructurebeapplied?

A.Tosecurewatersupplyindryareas.B.Tocleansaltywaterindeserthomes.

C.Toenabledesertexplorerstotravellight.D.Toimprovewaystodiscoverhiddentreasures.

C

Scientistshavelongbeenstudyingthebrainwithagoalofaidinghealthieraging.Whilemuchisknownaboutrisk

factorsinspeedingupbrainaging,lesshasbeenuncoveredtoidentifywaystoreducecognitive（認矢口的）decline.Thereis

evidencethatnutritionmatters,andanewstudyshowsspecificnutrients（營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)）mayplayavitalroleinthehealthy

agingofthebrain.

TheteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofIllinois,ledbyAronBarbey,enrolled100volunteersagedbetween65

and75,lookingforconnectionsbetweencertaindietsandslowerbrainaging.

Theseparticipantscompletedaquestionnairewithmeasuresofphysicalfitness.Bloodsamplewascollectedto

analyzethenutrientbiologicalmarkers:amorescientificevidenceforwhattheseelderlyindividualswereeatingand

drinking.Participantsalsounderwentcognitiveassessmentsandbrainimaging.

Analysisofthislargesetofmeasuresrevealedtwotypesofbrainagingamongtheparticipants-accelerated（力口速的）

andslower-than-expected.Thosewithslowerbrainaginghaddistinctnutrientbiologicalmarkers.Itwasassociatedwith

nutrientintakesimilartowhatyouwouldgetfromtheMediterraneandiet,whichemphasizesplant-basedfoods,healthy

fats,andminimallyprocessedingredients,offeringnumeroushealthbenefits.

Barbeynotedthatpreviousresearchonnutritionandbrainaginghasmostlyreliedonfoodfrequencyquestionnaires,

whicharedependentonparticipants9ownrecall.Thisstudyisoneofthefirstandthelargesttocombinebrainimaging,

bloodbiologicalmarkersandcognitiveassessments."Thisallowsustobuildarobustunderstandingoftherelationship

betweenthesefactors.Wemovebeyondsimplymeasuringcognitiveperformancewithtraditionalpsychologicaltests/5

Barbeysays.

Theresearcherswillcontinuetoexplorethenutrientbiologicalmarkersinvestigatedinthisstudyasitrelatesto

healthybrainaging.Barbeysaidifspossible,inthefuture,thatthefindingswillaidindevelopingtherapiesand

interventionstopromotebrainhealth.It'spossiblethatsimpleadjuststowhatweeatcouldhelpcutdowntheriskof

diseaseslikeAlzheimer5s.

8.Whatisthemainfocusofthenewstudy?

A.Thebiologicalprocessofbrainaging.B.Theriskfactorsinstimulatingbrainaging.

C.Theimpactofhealthybrainagingonthesenior.D.Thepotentialeffectofnutrientsonbrainaging.

9.Howdidthescientistsanalyzetheparticipants9nutrientintake?

A.Bytestingtheirbloodsamples.B.Bytakingcognitiveassessments.

C.Bytrackingtheirdietaryhabits.D.Bydoingpsychologicaltests.

10.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“robust“inparagraph5?

A.Abstract.B.Solid.C.Rough.D.Variable.

11.Whatisexpectedofthefutureresearch?

A.ItwillprovidevaluableinsightsintotheMediterraneandiet.

B.Itwilldevelopanewassessmentstandardforbrainhealth.

C.Itwillrecommendafiber-richdiettopromotehealthierbrainaging.

D.Itwillcontributetopreventingandtreatingcertainbraindiseases.

D

Yourphonehasascreenthatdisplaysimagesandvideos.Thescreenusestinydotsknownaspixels（像素）that

consistofthreeprimarycolors:red,greenandblue.Bymixingthesecolorsindifferentways,yourphonecanshowyou

everythingfrombeautifulbeachscenestocutepuppies.

Nowimaginesomethingsimilarforsmells.Scientistsaredevelopingdigitalscenttechnologythatusesasmall

numberofdifferentcartridges（暗盒），eachcontainingaspecificscent.Justlikehowpixelsmixthethreebasiccolorsto

createimages,thesescentcartridgescouldmixtocreatedifferentsmells.Justasimagesonyourphonearemadeofdigital

codesthatrepresentcombinationsofpixels,smellsproducedbyafuturephonecouldbecreatedthroughdigitalcodes.Each

smellcouldhaveaspecificrecipemadeupofdifferentamountsoftheingredientsinthecartridges.

Whenyoureceiveadigitalscentcode,yourphonecouldmixtinyamountsofthedifferentscentsfromthecartridges

tocreatethedesiredsmell.Thismixwouldthenbereleasedthroughasmallventonthephone,allowingyoutosmellit.

Withjustafewcartridges,yourphonecouldpotentiallycreateahugevarietyofsmells,muchlikehowred,greenandblue

pixelscancreatecountlesscolors.

Creatingaphonethatcanproducesmellsinvolvesseveralchallenges.Oneisdesigningasystemthatcanproduce

thousandsofdifferentsmellsusingonlyafewcartridges.Anotherishowtocontrolhowstrongascentshouldbeandhow

longaphoneshouldsenditout.Andphoneswillalsoneedtosenseodorsnearthemandconvertthosetodigitalcodesso

yourfriends5phonescansendsmellstoyou.Thecartridgesshouldalsobeeasytorefill,andthechemicalsinthemshould

besafetobreathe.Thesehurdlesmakeitatrickybutexcitingareaofresearch.

12.Whatenablesaphonescreentopresentdiversevisualcontents?

A.Specialsensorsdetectingcolors.B.Auniquewayforcolorreflection.

C.Advancedsoftwareforimagegeneration.D.Pixelsofthreeprimarycolorsincombination.

13.Whatcanwelearnaboutdigitalscent?

A.Itiscreatedbyusingcartridges.B.It'safully-developedtechnology.

C.Itcomesfromthesamecartridges.D.Itisrelatedtoimagesonmobilephones.

14.Whatisoneofthetroublesscientistsfacewhendevelopingdigitalscenttechnology?

A.Creatingnewscentsthatdon'texistinnature.B.Regulatingtheintensityanddurationofscents.

C.Combiningallprimarycolorstoproduceonesmell.D.Findingawaytoemitscentsthatlastforalongtime.

15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TechnologythatcancombinecolorstocreateimagesB.Challengesfacedbydigitalscenttechnology

C.ThedevelopmentandpotentialofdigitalscenttechnologyD.Thehistoryandfutureofcomplexphonetechnology

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

AccordingtoneuroscientistShirleyMueller,collectingfeedsthepleasurecenterofthebrain,butwithoutthe

drawbacksofalcohol,gambling,ornicotine.

16Morethan100,000yearsago,ourancestorssearchedforcrystals,shells,andotherobjectsjustasseeking

forfood.Inmodemtimes,whilesomepeoplecollectasastatementofwhotheyare,otherscollectasaninvestmentora

sourceofpleasure.

“Whilethemotivationstocollectarevaried,17"saysBrandonSchmeichel,acomicbookcollectoranda

psychologyprofessor.Thatdistinguishescollectingfromstoringup.Intermsofit,stuffisobtainedindiscriminately（不力口

區(qū)分地）.Insteadofcreatingasenseofself-worth,thebehaviortypicallymakesthosewhoareaccustomedtoitfeelbad

aboutthemselves.

“18Youhavetofigureoutwhereyoucanfindthedesireditems,whatthey9reworth,andhowyouwill

organizeanddisplayyourcollections,9,Muellersays."Thoseactivitiesstimulateareasofthebraininvolvedinexecutive

functioning,skillsthatincludeworkingmemory,multitasking,andimpulse-control.9,

Onaphysiologicallevel,researchshowsthattangibleobjectshaveuniqueeffectsonbrainfunctions.Visualizingobjects

stimulatesmanyareasofthebrainatthesametime.Eachobjectisassociatedwithaperson,experience,ormomentintime.

Inthatway,collectionsactasaphysicaltimemachine.19"Thissortofcollectingfacilitatesone'srecallaboutthe

past,“Schmeichelsays.Collectingalsoseemstohitfundamentalpsychologicalneeds."'Collectorsoftenreportthatthe

friendshipofothercollectorsisoneofthemostrewardingaspectsofcollecting,SchmeichelreportsinLeisureSciences.

Interactingwithsellers,othercollectors,orevenadmirersofyourcollectioncanalsoserveasafoundationfor

relationship-building.20

A.Everyitemisasignalforyourmemory.

B.Collectingrequiresattainingknowledge.

C.theytypicallycenterarounddevelopingamorepositivesenseofself.

D.Ofcourse,collectingisnotanewphenomenon.

E.Italsofunctionsasawaythatactuallydoesn'tcostmuch.

F.Itcancultivatebothasenseofbelongingandindividuality.

G.collectingcanstimulatepeopletoconcentrateontheirmind.

第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文：從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

AsagraduatestudentinChicago,Andriawasgiventhemuchexhaustingjobofcollectingsurveydataaspartofan

academicresearchproject.Eachtimesheapproachedapasser-by,shethoughtshewouldbetoldhowannoyedtheywere.

Yetthebadresponses21came.Manymorepeoplewere22toanswerthequestionnairesthanshehad__

23.

Wasitpossible,shewondered,thatmostofusarewrongaboutwhetherpeoplewanttorespondtoourrequests?Over

thefollowingdecade,sheconductedmultiplestudiesthat24thiswasindeedthecase:undermanycircumstances,

peopleareoftenmorelikelyto25thanweassume.

26,itseemedthattheresultsprovidedarefreshingly27viewofhumannature."Itis28to

knowthatpeoplearemorelikelytodothingsforyouthanexpected.^^However,withtimegoingbyandmorereflectionson

theresults,Andriahascometo29thatherresultsreflectabroadertendencythatweusually30how

muchinfluenceourwordscanhaveonothers,whetherwe'reaskingthemto31goodorbadactions.Peopleoften

agreetodowhattheyareaskedbecausetheyfindittoo32tosayno,evensometimesfeelinguncomfortable

withour33.

Knowingthiscanhelpusunderstandhowourdemandsmight34otherpeopleparticularlyinthe

workplace,helpingusadjustourneedsaccordinglyinwaysthatrespectpeople's35andwithouttakingwhat

theyhavedoneforusforgranted.

21.A.frequentlyB.eventuallyC.rarelyD.tentatively

22.A.reluctantB.readyC.accessibleD.hesitant

23.A.recognizedB.transferredC.committedD.anticipated

24.A.madeforB.markedoutC.madeoutD.madesure

25.A.ignoreB.cooperateC.rejectD.complain

26.A.OnthesurfaceB.OnthewholeC.OnthecontraryD.Onthego

27.A.neutralB.criticalC.negativeD.optimistic

28.A.ridiculousB.awesomeC.discouragingD.influential

29.A.denyB.doubtC.appreciateD.subscribe

30.A.undervalueB.overstateC.misleadD.correlate

31.A.imitateB?perceiveC.measureD.perform

32.A.awkwardB.deliberateC.trickyD.amused

33.A.recommendationsB.requestsC.questsD.announcements

34.A.distinguishB.impressC.emergeD.impact

35.A.defenseB.assumptionsC.boundariesD.confusion

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

TheSmithsonian'sNationalZooandConservationBiologyInstituteinWashington,D.C.,announcedMondaythat

zookeepersareexpectingthe36(arrive)oftwogiantpandasfromChinathisweek.

Thepandas,onemaleandonefemale,whoare37(respective)namedBaoLiandQingBoa,38

(expect)toarriveonTuesday.Bomonemonthapartin2021,they'vebeendescribedbypriorcaregiversaslively

3-year-oldswhoenjoyclimbing.

BaoLiisadescendantofBaoBao,borninD.C.in2013and39(live)therethrough2017.Allgiant

pandasbomattheNationalZooreturntoChinaat4yearsoldaspartofabreedingprogramthathelpsprotectthelongevity

ofthespecies,40iscurrentlythoughtofas"vulnerable“bytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.

41(prepare)fortheofficialtransferofthetwogiantpandas,ChineseexpertsmadeseveraltripstoD.C.to

ensurethattheirsafetyandwell-beingwouldbeprovidedfor,accordingtotheXinhuaNewsAgency.Expertsdetermined

thattheNationalZoo'slivingspaces,foodsources,breedingprogramandhealthmonitoringweresufficient,42

statementsaid.

OnMondayevening,theirjourneybegan43privatetransportfromtheChinaGiantPandaConservation

ResearchCentertoChengduShuangliuInternationalAirport,wheretheystartedpreparingfortheir"specialflight“totheir

newhome,accordingtoXinhua.

ThehighlyanticipatedadditionofBaoLiandQingBoafollowsthe44(moment)comingofYunChaunand

XinBaototheSanDiegoZooinJune,whichwasthefirsttimepandas45(enter)theU.S.in21years,aftera

periodofdiplomaticstrainwithChina.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

46.假定你是學(xué)校科學(xué)社團負責(zé)人李華，下月社團將舉行，科技融入夢想”(IntegrationofTechnologyintoDreams)科

學(xué)節(jié)活動。請你給英國朋友Chris寫一封郵件，請他就活動方案提出意見，內(nèi)容包括：(1)介紹方案；(2)征詢意見。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearChris,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Iusedtobelievethathomelesspeoplecouldonlyreceivebutnotgive.However,achanceencounterwithagirlata

soupkitchen（救濟站）oneeveningcompletelychangedmyperspective.

Thatevening,IwasvolunteeringwithmyschoolatAndreHouse,asoupkitchenwevisitabouttwiceamonthto

helppreparemealsforthoseinneed.Iparticularlyenjoybeinginvolvedinfoodpreparationandservingonthelinebecause

itallowsustobuildconnectionswiththoseweareserving.

Whilethepeopleweencounteratthesoupkitchencomefromdiversebackgroundsandcircumstances,theshared

expressionofgratitude,oftenintheformof"Thankyouforyourservice”,makestheexperiencealotmoremeaningful.

Onthisparticularnight,therewasanunusuallyhighnumberofpeopleatAndreHouse.Wewerekeptbusyworking,

concernedthattheremightnotbeenoughfoodforsomanypeople.Fortunately,wheneveryonehadbeenserved,therewas

stilloneportion（份）offoodleft.Justthen,atthatlatehour,agirlappearedinthesoupkitchenandaskedforfood.

"You'relucky.You'rethelastpersonwhocangetfoodherethisevening,Isaid."Thankyou,“theshygirl

whisperedasIhandedherthefood.Inoticedthatshewasaroundmyageandcouldn,thelpbutwonderwhatkindoftrouble

shehadgonethroughtoenduphere.SeeinghermademerealizehowfortunateIwastohavearoofovermyhead,ameal

toeateverydayandacomfortablebedtosleepinafteralongday.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Unfortunately,atthatmoment,anoldwomanhurriedin.

“Waitaminute,Granny!,,thegirlIhadjustservedsaidassheranoutwithherfood.

參考答案

1.D2.C3.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個由學(xué)生主導(dǎo)的全球項目，該項目旨在鼓勵學(xué)生設(shè)計自己的策略來

解決塑料污染問題。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Overview”部分中的"Theproject5sname,createdbyanenvironmentalexplorerandproject

founder,symbolizesthesystematicreductionofdisposable（用后即丟棄的）plasticsthroughchangingnormsandbehaviors

toaddresstherootcausesofpollution4這個由一位環(huán)保探險家兼項目創(chuàng)始人所創(chuàng)立的項目，其名稱象征著通過改變規(guī)

范和行為來從根源上解決污染問題，從而系統(tǒng)性地減少一次性塑料制品的使用。）”可知，項目名稱象征著通過改變

規(guī)范和行為來系統(tǒng)性地減少一次性塑料制品，也就是意味著有組織地減少一次性塑料制品的使用。故選D。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Timeline"中的"Studentswillalsohavetheopportunitytoshowcasetheirsolutionsandinteract

withlike-mindedpeersfromaroundtheworldatafestivalinFloridanextNovember,eitherinpersonorvirtually.（學(xué)生彳門

還將有機會在明年11月于佛羅里達州舉辦的一場活動中展示他們的解決方案，并與來自世界各地志同道合的同齡

人進行面對面或線上的交流互動。）”可知，學(xué)生們將有機會在明年11月于佛羅里達州舉辦的一場活動中展示他們

的解決方案，并能與世界各地志同道合的同齡人進行互動，既可以線下參與也可以線上參與。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要圍繞一個學(xué)生主導(dǎo)的全球項目展開，先是介紹了項目概況，包括其

名稱寓意、目標(biāo)等，接著說明了項目的時間安排、具體詳情以及注冊截止日期等關(guān)鍵信息，整體是在向教師等相關(guān)

群體告知該項目的具體情況以及相關(guān)要求，目的在于傳達項目相關(guān)消息，符合公告（announcement）的特點，用于

發(fā)布一些需要讓特定對象知曉的事項內(nèi)容。故選A。

4.D5.B6.B7.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家受仙人掌啟發(fā)，研發(fā)出了可以在干旱地區(qū)收集露水的金屬結(jié)構(gòu)，為

干燥地區(qū)提供清潔水源。

4.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段'Weallknowcacti（仙人掌）storewater-buttosurive,theyalsoadjusttheirflowerpositionsto

gainmoresunlightorshade,andsomuchmore.Scientistshavebeencopyingtheresilientplants'methodstohelpengineer

ourfuture.（我們都知道仙人掌能儲存水分，但為了生存，它們還會調(diào)整花朵的位置以獲得更多陽光或陰涼，諸如此

類還有很多。科學(xué)家們一直在模仿這些resilient的植物的方法，以幫助設(shè)計我們的未來）”可知，劃線詞修飾的plants

指代Weallknowcacti（仙人掌），這種植物能在干旱的沙漠中生存下來，所以推斷resilient的意思是“能在困難環(huán)境中

生存下來的"。故選D。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段'Documentedbymanyscientists,Copiapoasprobablysurviveby"drinking"thesaltyfogthat

sweepsinfromtheseaeverymorning,aswellasthedew-tinybitsofwater-thatformsontheirspines（尖刺）andskin.

ThishasinspiredresearcherTegwenMalikfromSwanseaUniversitytothinkaboutwhetherthedew-collectingprocess

mightbereproducedinmetalstructures.（許多科學(xué)家記錄到，Copiapoas可能通過‘飲用”每天早晨從海上席卷而來的咸

霧,以及在其尖刺和皮膚上形成的露水——微小的水滴——來生存。這啟發(fā)了來自斯旺西大學(xué)的研究者Tegwen

Malik思考露水收集過程是否可以在金屬結(jié)構(gòu)中重現(xiàn)）”可知，是仙人掌收集水分的機制啟發(fā)了TegwenMalik去研究

它。故選B。

6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中"Startingin2013,shesetouttore-createthatstructurebyengineeringaflatmetal

reproductionofthestemsandspinesoftheCopiapoa,whichshebegantestingunderaseriesofdifferenttemperaturesand

humidities.（M2013年開始，她開始通過制作Copiapoa莖和刺的平面金屬復(fù)制品來重現(xiàn)這種結(jié)構(gòu)，并在一系列不同

的溫度和濕度下開始測試）“以及"In2023,Malikpublishedastudyshowingthattheirregularsurfacewas8percentmore

efficientatharvestingdewthanaflatsheetusedasabaseline.（2023年，MaHk發(fā)表了一項研究，研究表明，這種不規(guī)則

表面收集露水的效率比用作基準的平面高8%）”可知,Malik關(guān)于Copiapoa的實驗重點是測試它的金屬復(fù)制品是否有

效。故選B。

7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中'MaHkimaginesdeserthomeswithwater-collectingfeaturestoprovidecleanwaterindry

regions.（Malik設(shè)想沙漠中的房屋有集水功能，為干旱地區(qū)提供清潔水源）”可知，Malik的金屬結(jié)構(gòu)可能被應(yīng)用于確

保干旱地區(qū)的水供應(yīng)。故選A。

8.D9.A10.B11.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個關(guān)于營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和大腦健康之間的關(guān)系的研究，解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)

過以及發(fā)現(xiàn)。

8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段'Thereisevidencethatnutritionmatters,andanewstudyshowsspecificnutrients（營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)）

mayplayavitalroleinthehealthyagingofthebrain.（有證據(jù)表明營養(yǎng)很重要，一項新的研究表明,特定的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)可

能在大腦的健康衰老中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。戶可知，這項新研究的主要焦點是營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)對大腦衰老的潛在影響。

故選Do

9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Bloodsamplewascollectedtoanalyzethenutrientbiologicalmarkers:amorescientific

evidenceforwhattheseelderlyindividualswereeatinganddrinking.（采集血液樣本來分析營養(yǎng)生物標(biāo)志物這是這些老

年人飲食的更科學(xué)的證據(jù)。）”可知，科學(xué)家通過測試血液樣本分析參與者的營養(yǎng)攝入量。故選A。

10.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Wemovebeyondsimplymeasuringcognitiveperformancewithtraditional

psychologicaltests（我們超越了簡單地用傳統(tǒng)的心理測試來衡量認知表現(xiàn)）“可知，Barbey提到他們超越了簡單地用傳

統(tǒng)的心理測試來衡量認知表現(xiàn)，說明這項研究讓他們對這些因素之間的關(guān)系建立一個可靠、堅實的理解。故劃線詞

意思是“可靠的、堅實的”，故選B。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段It'spossiblethatsimpleadjuststowhatweeatcouldhelpcutdowntheriskofdiseaseslike

Alzheimer's.（簡單地調(diào)整我們的飲食可能有助于降低患阿爾茨海默病等疾病的風(fēng)險。戶可知，未來的研究有望有助

于預(yù)防和治療某些腦部疾病。故選D。

12.D13.A14.B15.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了數(shù)字氣味技術(shù)，包括它的開發(fā)過程和潛力，以及其面臨的諸多挑戰(zhàn)。

12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中"Thescreenusestinydotsknownaspixels（像素）thatconsistofthreeprimarycolors:

red,greenandblue.Bymixingthesecolorsindifferentways,yourphonecanshowyoueverythingfrombeautifulbeach

scenestocutepuppies.（屏幕上的小點被稱為像素，由三種原色組成：紅、綠、藍。通過以不同的方式混合這些顏色,

你的手機可以顯示從美麗的海灘景色到可愛的小狗的一切內(nèi)容。）”可知，像素三種顏色的結(jié)合可以使手機屏幕呈現(xiàn)

多樣化的視覺內(nèi)容。故選D項。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Justlikehowpixelsmixthethreebasiccolorstocreateimages,thesescentcartridgescould

mixtocreatedifferentsmells.（就像像素如何混合三種基本顏色來創(chuàng)建圖像一樣，這些暗盒可以混合產(chǎn)生不同的氣

味。廠可知，數(shù)字氣味的生成依賴于使用不同的暗盒。故選A項。

14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Anotherishowtocontrolhowstrongascentshouldbeandhowlongaphoneshould

senditout.（另一個挑戰(zhàn)是如何控制氣味的強度以及手機發(fā)出氣味的時間。戶可知，科學(xué)家在開發(fā)數(shù)字氣味技術(shù)時面

臨的困難之一是調(diào)節(jié)氣味的強度和持續(xù)時間。故選B項。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段中'Scientistsaredevelopingdigitalscenttechnologythatusesasmallnumberof

differentcartridges（暗盒）,each