2025年中考英語模擬卷（拔高版）一、單項選擇（本題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1.—Thedramaseriesyourecommendedisreallyinteresting,butI'malittleconfusedabouttheending.—Oh,Ithinkyoumissedsomekeydetails.Ifyou________itagain,you________abetterunderstanding.A.watch;willhaveB.willwatch;willhaveC.watch;haveD.watched;wouldhave2.—Doyouknowthegirlwithlonghairoverthere?—Yes,she'sLucy.Sheisnotonlygoodatpainting________sheisalsotalentedinmusic.A.andB.butC.orD.so3.—I'mreallystressedoutthesedayspreparingfortheexam.—Youshouldsparesometimetoexercise.Itwillmakeyou________thanbefore.A.relaxedB.morerelaxedC.relaxingD.lessrelaxed4.—I'mnotsure________Icansolvethismathproblem.Itseemstoodifficult.—Don'tworry.Let'sworkitouttogether.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.which5.—HaveyouheardthatthefamousscientistStephenHawking________forseveralyears?—Yes,hisachievementsinspiremillionsofpeople.A.diedB.hasdiedC.hasbeendeadD.wasdying6.—Icalledyouat8o'clocklastnight,butyoudidn'tanswer.Whatwereyoudoing?—Sorry,I________ashower.Ididn'thearthephone.A.tookB.wastakingC.havetakenD.amtaking7.—IwonderiftheseareDanny'sglasses.—They________beDanny's.Hedoesn'twearglasses.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.mightD.could8.—Whatdidyourteachersayjustnow?—Shetoldusthattheearth________aroundthesun.A.movedB.movesC.wasmovingD.willmove9.—________fineweatheritis!Let'sgohikinginthemountains.—Goodidea.Butweneedtotakeanumbrellaincaseitrains.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa10.—Couldyoutellme________?—Sure.There'soneonCenterStreet.A.wherecanIbuysomestampsB.whereIcanbuysomestampsC.whencanIbuysomestampsD.whenIcanbuysomestamps三、完形填空（本題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）Onceuponatime,therewasayoungmannamedTom.Hewasavery11___artist,buthewasverypoor.Helivedinasmallhouse12_____theforest.Oneday,hewentintotheforesttodrawsomepictures.Whilehewaswalking,he13____abeautifulbirdinatree.Thebirdwassinging14._____Tomwassoattractedbyitssongthathedecidedtodrawit.Ashewasdrawing,thebirdsuddenlyflewdownandlandedonhisshoulder.Tomwasvery15.____Hedidn'tknowwhattodo.Thebirdlookedathimandsaid,“Don'tbeafraid.Iknowyou'reagoodartist.Iwantyoutodrawme,butpleasemakemelookbeautiful.”Tomwas16____thatthebirdcouldtalk,butheagreed.AfterTomfinisheddrawing,thebirdwasveryhappy.Itsaid,“Thankyou!You'rereallyagreatartist.Iwantto17______yousomething.Youcanaskmeforanywish,andI'llmakeitcometrue.”Tomthoughtforawhileandsaid,“IwishIcouldbeafamousartistandhaveenoughmoneytoliveagoodlife.”Thebird18____itsheadandsaid,“Yourwishwillcometrue,butyouhavetoworkhard.Successdoesn'tcomeeasily.Youneedtokeep19_____andnevergiveup.”Tomnodded.Fromthatdayon,Tomworkedharderthanbefore.Hepaintedmanybeautifulpicturesandshowedthemtopeople.20______,hiswishcametrue.Hebecameafamousartistandhadalotofmoney.11.A.talentedB.lazyC.richD.bad12.A.inB.onC.atD.beside13.A.lookedB.sawC.watchedD.noticed14.A.loudlyB.quietlyC.beautifullyD.terribly15.A.surprisedB.sadC.angryD.bored16.A.excitedB.scaredC.amazedD.disappointed17.A.giveB.askC.borrowD.lend18.A.shookB.noddedC.movedD.turned19.A.drawB.todrawC.drawingD.drew20.A.AtfirstB.AtlastC.AtleastD.Atmost四、閱讀理解（本題共15小題，每小題2分，共30分）ATheInternethasbecomeanimportantpartofourdailylife.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,moreandmorepeopleareusingtheInternettowork,study,andcommunicate.However,justlikeanyotherthing,theInternethasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.OneofthebiggestadvantagesoftheInternetistheconvenienceitbrings.Wecaneasilyaccessinformation,suchasnews,knowledge,andentertainment,atanytimeandfromanyplace.Forexample,studentscansearchforstudymaterialsonline,andpeoplecanwatchmoviesorlistentomusicontheInternet.Besides,theInternetalsomakescommunicationmucheasier.WecanchatwithfriendsandfamilymemberswhoarefarawaythroughsocialmediaplatformslikeWeChatandQQ.Itbreaksdownthebarriersofdistance.Ontheotherhand,theInternetalsohassomedisadvantages.Oneofthemainproblemsisthespreadoffalseinformation.SomepeoplemaypostuntrueormisleadinginformationontheInternet,whichcancauseconfusionandharm.Anotherproblemisthenegativeimpactonpeople'shealth.SpendingtoomuchtimeontheInternet,especiallyonmobiledevices,canleadtoeye-strain,neckpain,andotherhealthproblems.Moreover,onlineprivacyisalsoabigconcern.Personalinformationcanbeeasilyleaked,whichmayputpeopleindanger.Inconclusion,theInternetisadouble-edgedsword.Weshouldmakegooduseofitsadvantagesandtrytoavoiditsdisadvantages.21.WhatisoneofthebiggestadvantagesoftheInternetaccordingtothepassage?A.Itmakespeoplespendmoretimeonmobiledevices.B.Itbringsconvenienceandmakescommunicationeasier.C.Itspreadsfalseinformation.D.Itcauseseye-strainandneckpain.22.HowcanstudentsusetheInternetaccordingtothepassage?A.Theycanwatchmoviesandlistentomusic.B.Theycanpostuntrueinformation.C.Theycansearchforstudymaterials.D.Theycanchatwithstrangersallday.23.WhatarethedisadvantagesoftheInternetmentionedinthepassage?A.Thespreadoffalseinformation,negativeimpactonhealth,andonlineprivacyconcerns.B.Theconvenienceitbringsandthebreakdownofdistancebarriers.C.Theeasyaccesstoinformationandthedevelopmentoftechnology.D.Theabilitytocommunicatewithothersandtheavailabilityofentertainment.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“theInternetisadouble-edgedsword”mean?A.TheInternetisverysharp.B.TheInternethasbothgoodandbadsides.C.TheInternetislikeaswordthatcancutthings.D.TheInternetisatoolforfighting.25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheInternetisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.B.WeshouldusetheInternettowork,study,andcommunicate.C.TheInternethasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages,andweshouldmakegooduseofit.D.TheInternetcausesalotofproblems,soweshouldstopusingit.BInrecentyears,thesharingeconomyhasbecomepopulararoundtheworld.Sharedbikes,sharedcars,andsharedaccommodationareallpartofthesharingeconomy.Thesharingeconomyallowspeopletouseresourcesmoreefficientlybysharingthemwithothers.Takesharedbikesasanexample.Sharedbikesareveryconvenient.Peoplecaneasilyfindasharedbikeonthestreet,rideittotheirdestination,andthenparkitanywherewithinthepermittedarea.It'sagreatwaytosolvethe“last-mile”problem,whichmeansthedistancebetweenthepublictransportationstopandthefinaldestination.Sharedbikesarealsoenvironmentallyfriendly.Theyreducetheuseofprivatecars,whichhelpstocutdownairpollution.However,thesharingeconomyalsofacessomechallenges.Oneoftheproblemsisthemanagementofsharedresources.Forexample,somepeoplemayparksharedbikesrandomly,whichcancausetrafficjams.Anotherproblemisthedamageofsharedresources.Someusersmaynottakegoodcareofsharedbikesorothershareditems,andtheymayevendamagethem.Inordertomakethesharingeconomydevelophealthily,boththegovernmentandusersneedtoworktogether.Thegovernmentshouldmakerelevantlawsandregulationstostandardizethemarket.Usersshouldalsoraisetheirawarenessofprotectingsharedresourcesandusingthemproperly.26.Whatisthesharingeconomy?A.Itisawaytomakepeoplebuymorethings.B.Itallowspeopletouseresourcesmoreefficientlybysharing.C.Itisonlyaboutsharedbikesandsharedcars.D.Itisanewwayofmakingmoney.27.Whatisthe“last-mile”problem?A.Theproblemoffindingasharedbike.B.Thedistancebetweenthepublictransportationstopandthefinaldestination.C.Theproblemofparkingsharedbikes.D.Theproblemoftrafficjams.28.Whatarethechallengesofthesharingeconomy?A.Theconvenienceofusingsharedresourcesandthereductionofairpollution.B.Themanagementofsharedresourcesandthedamageofsharedresources.C.Thedevelopmentofthemarketandthemakingoflaws.D.Theawarenessofusersandthestandardizationofthemarket.29.Whatshouldthegovernmentdotomakethesharingeconomydevelophealthily?A.Makerelevantlawsandregulations.B.Parksharedbikesproperly.C.Takegoodcareofsharedresources.D.Usesharedresourcesmoreefficiently.30.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePopularityoftheSharingEconomyB.TheAdvantagesoftheSharingEconomyC.TheChallengesoftheSharingEconomyD.TheSharingEconomy:OpportunitiesandChallengesC閱讀下面短文，從6個選項中選出能分別填入5個小題空白處的最佳選項。Haveyoueverheardofthe“SilkRoad”?ItwasanancientnetworkoftraderoutesthatconnectedtheEastandtheWest.31_______ItplayedanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofthecivilizationsofChina,India,Persia,Arabia,Greece,andRome.TheSilkRoadgotitsnamebecausesilkwasoneofthemostimportantgoodstradedalongtheroute.32______Otherimportantgoodsincludedspices,tea,porcelain,andpreciousmetals.ThetradealongtheSilkRoadnotonlybroughteconomicbenefitsbutalsopromotedculturalexchange.33_______Forexample,Buddhism,whichoriginatedinIndia,spreadtoChinathroughtheSilkRoad.Chineseinventionssuchaspaper-making,printing,andgunpowderalsospreadtotheWest.34____Thelandroutepassedthroughdeserts,mountains,andgrasslands,whilethesearoutewentalongthecoastsoftheIndianOceanandtheSouthChinaSea.TravelingontheSilkRoadwasnoteasy.35______However,themerchantsandtravelersontheSilkRoadwerebraveenoughtofacethesechallenges.A.ThereweretwomainroutesoftheSilkRoad:thelandrouteandthesearoute.B.Itwasabout6,500kilometerslongandexistedformorethan1,600years.C.Peoplefacedmanydifficulties,suchasbadweather,robbers,andlackofwater.D.ThesilkproducedinChinawashighlyvaluedintheWest.E.TheSilkRoadisstillimportantinmoderntimes.F.DifferentculturesandreligionswerespreadalongtheSilkRoad.五、根據漢語或者所給單詞的適當形式填空（本題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）36.The_____________(invent)ofthecomputerhaschangedourlivesgreatly.37.Weshouldprotecttheenvironmentandreducetheuseof_____________(wood)products.38.Theboyisso______________(interest)insciencethathealwaysasksalotofquestions.39.Mymotheroftenencouragesme_____________(express)myfeelingsbravely.40.Thelittlegirlwas_____________(frighten)whenshesawthebigdog.41.Theoldmanlivesalone,buthedoesn'tfeel____________(alone).42.The______________(twelve)monthofayearisDecember.43.Themovieisso______________(excite)thatIwanttowatchitagain.44.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpeople______________(polite).45.Mysisterisgoodatdrawing,andshewantstobean_____________(art)inthefuture.六、完成句子（本題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）46.多虧了你的幫助，我按時完成了任務。________________yourhelp,Ifinishedthetaskontime.47.他不僅會說英語，還會說法語。Hecanspeak________________English________________French.48.你能告訴我在哪里可以買到這本書嗎？Couldyoutellme________________________buythisbook?49.昨天這個時候，她正在練習彈鋼琴。She________________________thepianoatthistimeyesterday.50.他已經離開家鄉五年了。He________________________fromhishometownforfiveyears.七、短文填空（本題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。AgroupofstudentsfromamiddleschoolinBeijingwenttotheGreatWallforaschooltrip.Itwasasunnyday.They51___________(start)theirjourneyearlyinthemorning.Afterabouttwo52________(hour)busride,theyarrivedattheGreatWall.Thestudentswereveryexcited53_________theysawtheGreatWall.Theycouldn'twaittoclimbit.Astheywereclimbing,theirteachertoldthemsomestoriesabouttheGreatWall.TheylearnedthattheGreatWall54___________(build)over2,000yearsagoanditwasoneofthe55____________(great)wondersintheworld.Somestudentsclimbedveryfast,whileothersclimbedslowly.Buttheyalltriedtheirbest.Whentheyreachedthetop,theyfeltvery56___________(tire)buthappy.Theylookedaroundandsawthebeautifulscenery.Themountainsweregreenandtheskywasblue.Theytookalotof57______________(photo)there.Afterthat,theyhadapicnicatthefootoftheGreatWall.They58_____________(share)foodwitheachother.Somestudentssanganddanced.Itwasareally59________________(enjoy)day.Theysaidtheywouldneverforgetthis60_______________(wonder)schooltrip.八、讀寫綜合（本大題分為A、B兩部分，共20分）A.回答問題（共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）請閱讀下面短文，根據所提供的信息，回答5個問題。要求所寫答案語法正確、語義完整切題。并把答案寫在答題卡對應題目的答題位置上。I'mLily.I'minterestedinreadingbooks.Ithinkreadingisagoodwaytorelaxandgainknowledge.Iusuallyreadbooksinmyfreetime.Ihaveasmallbookshelfinmyroom,andit'sfullofdifferentkindsofbooks.Ilikereadingnovelsbest,especiallythosewrittenbyChineseauthors.MoYanismyfavoriteauthor.Hisbooksareveryinterestingandtheycanmakemethinkalot.IalsolikereadingEnglishbooks.ItcanhelpmeimprovemyEnglish.Everyweekend,Igotothelibrarynearmyhome.Icanborrowsomenewbooksthereandreadthemathome.Sometimes,Ialsogotothebookstore.Iliketostayinthebookstoreforalongtime,lookingformyfavoritebooks.61.WhatisLilyinterestedin?62.WhatkindofbooksdoesLilylikereadingbest?63.WhoisLily'sfavoriteauthor?64.WhatcanreadingEnglishbookshelpLilydo?65.WheredoesLilygoeveryweekend?B.書面表達（15分）隨著科技的發展，人工智能（AI）越來越普及。請你根據以下要點提示，以“ArtificialIntelligence”為題，寫一篇英語短文，介紹人工智能的發展、應用（如在醫療、教育、交通等領域的應用）以及你對人工智能的看法。要點提示：1.人工智能的發展：近年來發展迅速；2.人工智能的應用：列舉至少兩個應用領域，并舉例說明；3.你的看法：既有機遇也有挑戰。要求：1.包含所有要點提示，可適當發揮；2.語句通順，語法正確，書寫工整；3.詞數80詞左右。ArtificialIntelligence

2025年中考英語模擬卷（拔高版）答案及解析一、單項選擇1.A解析：這是一個if引導的條件狀語從句，遵循主將從現原則，即主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時表示將來。所以從句用watch，主句用willhave，選A。2.B解析：notonly...butalso...是固定搭配，意為不但……而且……，連接兩個并列的成分。這里連接isgoodatpainting和isalsotalentedinmusic，選B。3.B解析：根據thanbefore可知，這里要用比較級。relaxed意為放松的，修飾人；relaxing意為令人放松的，修飾物。這里說鍛煉會讓人比之前更放松，用morerelaxed，選B。4.A解析：A選項whether意為是否；B選項that在賓語從句中無實際意義；C選項what意為什么，在從句中作主語、賓語等；D選項which意為哪一個。根據I'mnotsure和Icansolvethismathproblem可知，此處表示不確定是否能解決這道數學題，用whether引導賓語從句，選A。5.C解析：forseveralyears表示一段時間，常與現在完成時連用，且謂語動詞要用延續性動詞。die是短暫性動詞，其延續性形式為bedead。現在完成時的結構為have/has+動詞的過去分詞，主語StephenHawking是第三人稱單數，用hasbeendead，選C。6.B解析：根據at8o'clocklastnight可知，此處表示昨晚8點打電話時我正在洗澡，要用過去進行時，其結構為was/were+動詞的現在分詞。主語I是第一人稱單數，be動詞用was，take的現在分詞是taking，選B。7.A解析：A選項can't表示否定推測，意為不可能；B選項mustn't意為禁止；C選項might意為可能，表示可能性較小的推測；D選項could是can的過去式，也可表示可能性較小的推測。根據Hedoesn'twearglasses.可知，這些眼鏡不可能是Danny的，選A。8.B解析：theearthmovesaroundthesun（地球圍繞太陽轉）是客觀真理，在賓語從句中，無論主句是什么時態，客觀真理都要用一般現在時。主語theearth是第三人稱單數，動詞用moves，選B。9.A解析：感嘆句的結構有What+（a/an）+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語！和How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！。weather是不可數名詞，所以用What+形容詞+不可數名詞+主語+謂語！結構，選A。10.B解析：這是一個賓語從句，從句要用陳述句語序。A選項wherecanIbuysomestamps和C選項whencanIbuysomestamps是疑問句語序，排除；根據There'soneonCenterStreet.可知，詢問的是地點，B選項whereIcanbuysomestamps（我在哪里可以買到郵票）符合語境；D選項whenIcanbuysomestamps（我什么時候可以買到郵票）不符合，選B。三、完形填空11.A解析：根據后文buthewasverypoor以及鳥兒讓他畫畫并稱贊他，可知他是有才華的。A選項talented意為有才華的；B選項lazy意為懶惰的；C選項rich意為富有的；D選項bad意為糟糕的，選A。12.D解析：A選項in意為在……里面；B選項on意為在……上面；C選項at表示在某個具體的地點或時間點；D選項beside意為在……旁邊。這里說他住在森林旁邊的小房子里，選D。13.B解析：A選項looked表示看的動作，是不及物動詞，后接賓語時要加介詞；B選項saw強調看到的結果；C選項watched側重于觀看，常指看比賽、電視等；D選項noticed意為注意到。這里指看到樹上有一只漂亮的鳥，強調結果，選B。14.C解析：A選項loudly意為大聲地；B選項quietly意為安靜地；C選項beautifully意為美妙地；D選項terribly意為糟糕地。根據Tomwassoattractedbyitssong可知，鳥唱歌很美妙，選C。15.A解析：A選項surprised意為驚訝的；B選項sad意為悲傷的；C選項angry意為生氣的；D選項bored意為無聊的。鳥突然飛到他肩膀上，他應該很驚訝，選A。16.C解析：A選項excited意為興奮的；B選項scared意為害怕的；C選項amazed意為驚奇的，驚訝的，側重于對某事感到不可思議；D選項disappointed意為失望的。鳥會說話讓他感到驚奇，選C。17.A解析：A選項give意為給；B選項ask意為問，要求；C選項borrow意為借（入）；D選項lend意為借（出）。這里說鳥想給他一些東西，選A。18.B解析：A選項shook意為搖晃；B選項nodded意為點頭；C選項moved意為移動；D選項turned意為轉動，轉向。根據Yourwishwillcometrue可知，鳥點頭同意他的愿望能實現，選B。19.C解析：keepdoingsth.表示持續做某事，是固定搭配，所以用drawing，選C。20.B解析：A選項Atfirst意為起初；B選項Atlast意為最后；C選項Atleast意為至少；D選項Atmost意為至多。這里說最后他的愿望實現了，選B。四、閱讀理解A21.B解析：根據OneofthebiggestadvantagesoftheInternetistheconvenienceitbrings...Besides,theInternetalsomakescommunicationmucheasier.可知，互聯網最大的優勢之一是帶來便利和使溝通更便捷，選B。22.C解析：根據studentscansearchforstudymaterialsonline可知，學生可以在網上搜索學習資料，選C。23.A解析：根據Oneofthemainproblemsisthespreadoffalseinformation...Anotherproblemisthenegativeimpactonpeople'shealth...Moreover,onlineprivacyisalsoabigconcern.可知，互聯網的缺點包括虛假信息傳播、對健康的負面影響和網絡隱私問題，選A。24.B解析：adouble-edgedsword字面意思是雙刃劍，在這里指互聯網有好的一面（優勢）和壞的一面（劣勢），選B。25.C解析：文章主要講述了互聯網有優勢也有劣勢，我們應該充分利用其優勢并避免劣勢，C選項符合文章主旨；A選項只提到互聯網越來越重要，不全面；B選項只強調使用互聯網的方式，未提及劣勢；D選項說應該停止使用互聯網，與文章觀點不符，選C。B26.B解析：根據Thesharingeconomyallowspeopletouseresourcesmoreefficientlybysharingthemwithothers.可知，共享經濟是讓人們通過共享更高效地利用資源，選B。27.B解析：根據whichmeansthedistancebetweenthepublictransportationstopandthefinaldestination可知，最后一英里問題指的是公共交通站點到最終目的地之間的距離，選B。28.B解析：根據Oneoftheproblemsisthemanagementofsharedresources...Anotherproblemisthedamageofsharedresources.可知，共享經濟面臨的挑戰是共享資源的管理和損壞問題，選B。29.A解析：根據Thegovernmentshouldmakerelevantlawsandregulationstostandardizethemarket.可知，政府應該制定相關法律法規，選A。30.D解析：文章既介紹了共享經濟的機遇（如便捷、環保等），也介紹了面臨的挑戰（管理和損壞問題等），D選項共享經濟：機遇與挑戰最適合做標題；A選項只強調了共享經濟的受歡迎程度；B選項只提到優勢；C選項只提到挑戰，均不全面，選D。C31.B解析：前文介紹絲綢之路是古代貿易路線網絡，B選項它大約6500公里長，存在了1600多年，進一步說明絲綢之路的規模和存在時間，符合語境，選B。32.D解析：前文提到絲綢之路因絲綢得名，D選項中國生產的絲綢在西方備受珍視，解釋了絲綢在貿易中的重要地位，與前文銜接緊密，選D。33.F解析：前文說絲綢之路促進了文化交流，F選項不同的文化和宗教沿著絲綢之路傳播，舉例說明了文化交流的具體內容，選F。34.A解析：后文提到了陸路和海路，A選項絲綢之路有兩條主要路線：陸路和海路，引出后文對兩條路線的描述，選A。35.C解析：前文說在絲綢之路上旅行不容易，C選項人們面臨許多困難，如惡劣的天氣、強盜和缺水，具體說明了困難的內容，選C。五、根據漢語或者所給單詞的適當形式填空36.invention解析：invent是動詞，意為發明，這里需要用名詞形式invention，表示發明物，theinventionofthecomputer表示計算機的發明。37.wooden解析：wood是名詞，意為木頭，這里需要用形容詞wooden修飾名詞products，表示木制的產品。38.interested解析：beinterestedin是固定短語，意為對……感興趣，這里表示男孩對科學感興趣，用interested。39.toexpress解析：encouragesb.todosth.是固定搭配，意為鼓勵某人做某事，所以用toexpress。40.frightened解析：frighten是動詞，意為使害怕，這里表示小女孩看到大狗時感到害怕，用形容詞frightened，修飾人。41.lonely解析：alone作形容詞時意為獨自的，強調客觀上獨自一人；lonely意為孤獨的，強調主觀上感到孤獨。這里說老人獨自生活但不感到孤獨，用lonely。42.twelfth解析：表示順序要用序數詞，twelve的序數詞是twelfth，thetwelfthmonth表示第十二個月。43.exciting解析：excite是動詞，意為使興奮，這里表示電影令人興奮，用形容詞exciting，修飾物；excited修飾人。44.politely解析：polite是形容詞，意為有禮貌的，這里需要用副詞politely修飾動詞speak，表示有禮貌地說話。45.artist解析：art是名詞，意為藝術，這里表示姐姐想成為一名藝術家，用名詞artist，意為藝術家。六、完成句子46.Thanksto解析：thanksto是固定