高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省成都市蓉城名校聯盟2023-2024學年高一下學期開學考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A“PlayingShop”SocialActivityChildrenareinvitedtogetbehindtheshopcounter(柜臺)ofSusannahPlaceMuseum,recreated1915shop.Thisisagoodtimeforyourchildrentoputonanapron(圍裙)andbecomeshopkeepers.Theylearnhowtowrap(包裹)anegg,weighoutgoodsonascale(秤)andcountinpoundsandshillings(先令)!Suitableforthechildrenbetween5and7,thePlayingShopactivitywillseeyourchildren:■Useanold-fashionedshopscale.■Wrapgoods.■Fillanorderandmakeadelivery(配送).TicketsforPlayingShoparenowonsalethrough.Choosefromthefollowingperiods:9:15a.m.-10:30a.m.or10:45a.m.-12p.m.onWednesday,May12,2023.9:30a.m.-10:45a.m.or11:00a.m.-12:15p.m.onFriday,May21,2023.Pleasenotechildrenmustbeaccompanied(陪伴)byanadult.YoucancontinueyourfunatSusannahPlaceMuseumbyjoiningaguidedtourat2p.m.,3p.m.and4p.m.atanadditional(額外的)costontheday.1.Whomightthearticlebeintendedfor?A.5to7-year-oldkids. B.Parents.C.Middleschoolstudents. D.Collegestudents.2.Howlongwillchildrenworkasshopkeepersinthisactivity?A.For45minutes. B.Foronehour. C.For65minutes. D.For75minutes.3.Whatcanchildrendointhisactivity?A.Useafashionablescale.B.Weighoutgoodsandcountmoney.C.Continuefunatamuseumforfree.D.Wrapgoodsforcustomersandaccompanythemhome.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了一個名為“PlayingShop”的社交活動，該活動邀請孩子們在SusannahPlaceMuseum的1915年風格重現的商店柜臺后面扮演店主，學習如何包裹雞蛋、用秤稱重商品以及以英鎊和先令計數。【1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Thisisagoodtimeforyourchildrentoputonanapron(圍裙)andbecomeshopkeepers.(這是你的孩子們穿上圍裙成為店主的好時機)”可推知，這篇文章可能是寫給孩子父母的。故選B項。【2題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段中“Choosefromthefollowingperiods:9:15a.m.-10:30a.m.or10:45a.m.-12p.m.onWednesday,May12,2023.9:30a.m.-10:45a.m.or11:00a.m.-12:15p.m.onFriday,May21,2023.(從以下時段中進行選擇：2023年5月12日（星期三上午9:15-10:30或上午10:45到下午12:00。2023年5月21日星期五上午9:30-10:45或上午11:00到下午12:15)”可知，他們在這項活動中擔任店主75分鐘。故選D項。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Theylearnhowtowrap(包裹)anegg,weighoutgoodsonascale(秤)andcountinpoundsandshillings(先令)!(他們學習如何包裹雞蛋，用秤稱重商品，以及如何用英鎊和先令計數)”可知，孩子們在這個活動中能用秤稱重商品，以及如何用英鎊和先令計數。故選B項。BI’velivedinCardiganBay(卡迪根海灣)inWestWalessinceIwasafewmonthsold.You’vegoteverythingyouneedhere.Hills,stunningbeaches,nicecoastalpaths.Assomeonewholovesthecountryside,I’veneverwantedtoleave.IwasluckytofindworkIcoulddointhisarea.Alotofpeopledohavetomoveawayinordertofindwork.IstartedAdventureBeyondhereabout30yearsagoandweworkallovertheUK.WegouptoScotland,weworkalongtheThames.We’vealsotakengroupstoCanada,theHimalayas,placeslikethat.Buthonestly,WestWaleshasgoteverything.Wecandoeverythingweneedrighthere.CardiganBayisprettyhuge,butIfindhavinggrownupherethere’sadefinitesenseofbelonging.There’sanawarenessthatwe’reluckytohavetheseincrediblesandybeaches,pebblybeaches,beautifulrivers,andhills.It’speaceful,andit’snotoverdeveloped.Ofcourse,thereareperiodswhenitgetsbusy,butthenthesecondschoolsgobackandyouprettymuchgetthebeachestoyourself.Thereisasenseofcommunity(群體)too,withalotofgoodcommunity-basedclubs,suchasthePoppitSandsSurfLifesavingClub.IsetupAdventureBeyondtomakemyownworkinthearea.Ilovetheoutdoors,andIwantedtobeinCardiganBay,soitwasperfect.I’vetriedtoalwayskeepthatpersonaltouch.Theclients(客戶)willprettymuchalwaysmeetmyselfandallthestaff.WetookalotofpeopleonthroughtheKickstartscheme(啟動計劃)andthey’vebeenemployedwithusforafewyears.Alotofourclientshavebeenwithussincewestarted,too.There’sasenseoffamily,whichisquitespecial.Iwon’tmentionaspecificfavoriteplace,butingeneralthebeachesarejustamazing.It’sjustasortofwildwest,really.4.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?A.Theauthoris30yearsold. B.Theauthorhastoworkinanothercity.C.Theauthor’sjobrequiresalotoftravelling. D.TheauthorcandoeverythinginWestWales.5.WhatisCardiganBaylikeintheauthor’seyes?A.It’sundevelopedbutbeautiful. B.Itsbeautyhasn’tbeennoticed.C.Ithasthemostpeacefulbeachesintheworld. D.Itgivesasenseofbelongingandcommunity.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A.Keepingthatpersonaltouch. B.Gettingthebeachesbacktothelocals.C.Enjoyingoutdooractivitieswithclients. D.StartingAdventureBeyondinCardiganBay.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theauthor’ssimplelifeinCardiganBay. B.Theauthor’sdeeploveforCardiganBay.C.Theauthor’sexplorationofCardiganBay. D.Theauthor’shopeforthefutureCardiganBay.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了作者對于卡迪根海灣的喜愛之情，卡迪根海灣給了作者歸屬感，并且可以讓作者從事自己喜歡的戶外活動。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段“IwasluckytofindworkIcoulddointhisarea.Alotofpeopledohavetomoveawayinordertofindwork.IstartedAdventureBeyondhereabout30yearsagoandweworkallovertheUK.WegouptoScotland,weworkalongtheThames.We’vealsotakengroupstoCanada,theHimalayas,placeslikethat.(我很幸運能在這個領域找到工作。很多人為了找工作不得不搬家。大約30年前，我在這里創辦了“超越冒險”，我們的業務遍及英國各地。我們去了蘇格蘭，沿著泰晤士河工作。我們還帶著旅行團去了加拿大，喜馬拉雅山，諸如此類的地方)”可知，作者他們去了許多地方，推知作者的工作需要經常出差。故選C項。【5題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段“CardiganBayisprettyhuge,butIfindhavinggrownupherethere’sadefinitesenseofbelonging.(卡迪根灣非常大，但我發現在這里長大有一種明確的歸屬感)”可知，作者眼中的卡迪根灣給人一種歸屬感。故選D項。【6題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“Ilovetheoutdoors,andIwantedtobeinCardiganBay(我喜歡戶外活動，我想住在卡迪根灣)”可知，作者喜歡戶外活動，同時也想住在卡迪根灣，因此在卡迪根灣創立AdventureBeyond對作者來說很完美。故it指代的是“在卡迪根灣創立AdventureBeyond”。故選D項。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據最后一段“Iwon’tmentionaspecificfavoriteplace,butingeneralthebeachesarejustamazing.It’sjustasortofwildwest,really.(我不會提到一個特別喜歡的地方，但總的來說，海灘真是太棒了。這就像一個狂野的西部，真的)”結合文章主要講述了作者對于卡迪根海灣的喜愛之情，卡迪根海灣給了作者歸屬感，并且可以讓作者從事自己喜歡的戶外活動。由此可知，文章主要講述了作者對卡迪根海灣的深愛。故選B項。CChildrenatboardingschoolgetthebestnight’ssleepbecauseofstrictlightsouttime,accordingtoarecentstudy,whichwaspresentedatSleepDownUnder,the33rdyearlyscientificmeetingoftheAustralasianSleepAssociation.ProfessorKurtLushington,apsychologistwholedthestudy;said,“Itisanaturalisticexperimentshowingthekeytogoodsleepinteenagersisquitesimple:agoodtimetableandnomobiledevices(設備)atnight.”Overthepast20years,thetimechildrenspendsleepinghasfallenandonlyhalfregularlygetmorethansevenhours.Therecommendedamountiseighttoten.Thebiggestproblemsaresmartphonesandtablets(平板電腦)whosebluelightwakesthebrain,makingithardertodropoff.AnAustralianteamcomparedsleeppatternsof15to18-year-oldsataschoolinAdelaide.The59boardershadtoleavetheirphonesinakitchenareaorontheirdeskbeforebedandturntheirlightsoutbyasettime.Theysleptforanaverage8hour26minutesanightcomparedwith7hours46minutesfordaypupils.Lackofsleepaffectsmentalhealthandschoolperformanceandcausesbehavioralproblems.Ithasalsobeenconnectedwiththechildobesityepidemicandotherdiseases.ThisyearanAmericanstudyfoundthatteenagerswhodidn’tgetenoughsleeptookinextrasugarduringaschoolyear.Theyatesweets,cakes,chocolateandbiscuitsanddrankfizzydrinkstopromotetheirenergylevels.Lushingtonrecommendsthatparentsreachagreementonnotusingaphone.Thisismostlikelytoworkiftheydolikewiseandofferotherenjoyments,suchasbooks.“Ithinkifyouputtheserulesinplace,kidswillgoalongwiththem,”hetoldNewScientist.8.Whatisthesecrettoteenagers’goodsleepaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Strictlightsouttime. B.Morephysicalexerciseatschool.C.Goodbedtimeplanandmoreplaytime. D.Regularscheduleandnomobiledevices.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dropoff”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Fallasleep. B.Fallbehind. C.Giveup. D.Calmdown.10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Badexamplesofschoolperformance.B.Badeffectsconnectedwithlackofsleep.C.Behavioralproblemscausedbybadeatinghabits.D.Therelationshipbetweenschoolperformanceandsleep.11.WhatdoesLushingtonsuggest?A.Teachersleavinglesshomework.B.StudentschoosingpropersleeppatternsC.Parentsaswellaschildrennotusingphones.D.Parentssendingtheirchildrentoboardingschools.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，本文介紹了寄宿學校的規則——規律的作息時間，遠離移動設備，讓孩子們有良好的睡眠。【8題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“ProfessorKurtLushington,apsychologistwholedthestudy;said,“Itisanaturalisticexperimentshowingthekeytogoodsleepinteenagersisquitesimple:agoodtimetableandnomobiledevices(設備)atnight.”(領導這項研究的心理學家庫爾特·盧辛頓教授；他說：“這是一個自然主義的實驗，表明青少年良好睡眠的關鍵很簡單：一個好的時間表，晚上不要使用移動設備。”)”可知，青少年好的睡眠的秘訣是有規律的作息時間，沒有移動設備。故選D項。【9題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據劃線詞前文“Overthepast20years,thetimechildrenspendsleepinghasfallenandonlyhalfregularlygetmorethansevenhours.(在過去的20年里，孩子們的睡眠時間減少了，只有一半的孩子的睡眠時間經常超過7小時。)”及“Thebiggestproblemsaresmartphonesandtablets(平板電腦)whosebluelightwakesthebrain,makingitharderto…(最大的問題是智能手機和平板電腦，它們發出的藍光會喚醒大腦，使大腦更難……)”可知，數碼設備發出的藍光使大腦更難入睡。因此推斷fallasleep意思為：睡著，與劃線詞意思相近。故選A項。【10題詳析】主旨大意題。根據文章第四段“Lackofsleepaffectsmentalhealthandschoolperformanceandcausesbehavioralproblems.Ithasalsobeenconnectedwiththechildobesityepidemicandotherdiseases.(睡眠不足會影響心理健康和學習成績，并導致行為問題。它還與兒童肥胖流行病和其他疾病有關。)”可知，第四段主要講述了缺乏睡眠的不良影響。故選B項。【11題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段“Lushingtonrecommendsthatparentsreachagreementonnotusingaphone.(Lushington建議父母就不使用手機達成協議。)”和““Ithinkifyouputtheserulesinplace,kidswillgoalongwiththem,”hetoldNewScientist.(他告訴《新科學家》：“我認為，如果你把這些規則放在適當的地方，孩子們會遵守的。”)”可知，Lushington建議父母和孩子都不使用手機。故選C項。DThegiantpanda’sspecialblack-and-whitefurmakesitoneofthemostrecognizableanimalsontheplanet.Butwhydoesithavethisuniquecoloring?Tohidefromnaturalenemies,bothinthesnowandintheshadows,studyleadauthorTimCaro,aprofessorintheUC(UniversityofCalifornia)DavisDepartmentofWildlife,FishandConservationBiology,saidinanewstatement.Moreover,thelargeblackcirclesaroundapanda’seyesmayhelpotherpandasrecognizeit,theresearcherssaid.Understandingwhythegiantpandahassuchnoticeablecolorhasbeenalong-termproblemtosolve.Tofindouttheanswer,Caroandhiscolleagueslookedatphotosofpandasand195othercarnivore(食肉動物)species,including39subspeciesofbears.Then,theyrecordedthecoloringoneachareaofthoseanimals’bodies,andcomparedthemwithareasofthepanda’sbody.“Comparedwiththepreviousstudies,thebreakthroughinthisstudywastreatingeachpartofthebodyasanindependentarea,”Carosaid.Theresearchteamtriedtofigureoutthepurposeofthedark-coloredfurryareas.Aftergoingthroughmanycomparisons,theresearchersdeterminedthatthewhitepartsofthegiantpandahelpithideinthesnow.Incontrast,itsblackarmsandlegshelpithideintheshadows,theysaid.Thepanda’swhite-and-blackcoloringdidn’tappeartoberelatedtotemperatureregulation.Nordidtheyfindevidencethatthedarkcirclesaroundapanda’seyeshelpedtomakethemlookcuter.“Thisreallywasagreateffortbyourteam,findingandscoringthousandsofimagesandscoringmorethan10areasperpicturefromover20possiblecolors,”studyco-authorTedStankowich,anassistantprofessorofbiologyatCaliforniaStateUniversity,LongBeach,saidinthestatement.“Sometimesittakeshundredsofhoursofhardworktoanswerthesimplestquestion:Whyisthepandablackandwhite?”12.WhydidCarostudythephotosofpandasand195othercarnivorespecies?A.Torecordthenumberofphotos.B.Toresearchmorecarnivorespecies.C.Tofigureoutthereasonbehindpandas’specialcolor.D.Tocomparethedifferencebetweenpandasandothercarnivorespecies.13.Whatstudymethoddidtheresearchersusetodrawtheconclusion?A.Doingexperiments. B.Makingcomparisons.C.Scoringpandas’behaviorinnature. D.Observingpandasinthewild.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutpandas’uniquecoloring?A.Thewhiteandblackpartshelppandastohide.B.Thefunctionofthedark-coloredareasisunknown.C.Thewhite-and-blackcoloringwillchangewithtemperature.D.Thedarkcirclesaroundpandas’eyeshelpmakethemlookcuter.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromTedStankowich’swords?A.Thestudyisagreatsuccess.B.Hundredsofhoursofhardworkisnotworthwhile.C.Itneedseffortstofindthetruthbehindsimplequestions.D.Simpleissuesshouldn’ttakescientistssomuchtimetostudy.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了加州大學戴維斯分校的研究人員針對大熊貓為什么有特殊黑白毛色進行了一項研究，研究發現有這種毛色是為了在雪中和陰影中躲避天敵。【12題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Understandingwhythegiantpandahassuchnoticeablecolorhasbeenalong-termproblemtosolve.Tofindouttheanswer,Caroandhiscolleagueslookedatphotosofpandasand195othercarnivore(食肉動物)species,including39subspeciesofbears.(了解大熊貓為什么有如此明顯的顏色一直是一個長期需要解決的問題。為了找到答案，卡羅和他的同事們研究了大熊貓和其他195種食肉動物的照片，其中包括39種熊的亞種)”可知，卡羅要研究大熊貓和其他195種食肉動物的照片是為了找出熊貓特殊顏色背后的原因。故選C項。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Tofindouttheanswer,Caroandhiscolleagueslookedatphotosofpandasand195othercarnivore(食肉動物)species,including39subspeciesofbears.Then,theyrecordedthecoloringoneachareaofthoseanimals’bodies,andcomparedthemwithareasofthepanda’sbody.“Comparedwiththepreviousstudies,thebreakthroughinthisstudywastreatingeachpartofthebodyasanindependentarea,”Carosaid.(為了找到答案，卡羅和他的同事們研究了大熊貓和其他195種食肉動物的照片，其中包括39種熊的亞種。然后，他們記錄下這些動物身體每個區域的顏色，并將它們與熊貓身體的區域進行比較。卡羅說：“與以前的研究相比，這項研究的突破是將身體的每個部位視為一個獨立的區域。”)”可知，研究人員用做比較的方法得出結論。故選B項。【14題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Theresearchteamtriedtofigureoutthepurposeofthedark-coloredfurryareas.Aftergoingthroughmanycomparisons,theresearchersdeterminedthatthewhitepartsofthegiantpandahelpithideinthesnow.Incontrast,itsblackarmsandlegshelpithideintheshadows,theysaid.(研究小組試圖弄清楚這些深色毛茸茸的區域的目的。經過多次比較，研究人員確定大熊貓的白色部分有助于它隱藏在雪中。他們說，相比之下，它黑色的手臂和腿幫助它隱藏在陰影中)”可知，關于熊貓獨特的顏色我們能了解到白色和黑色的部分幫助熊貓隱藏。故選A項。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中TedStankowich的話“Sometimesittakeshundredsofhoursofhardworktoanswerthesimplestquestion:Whyisthepandablackandwhite?(有時候，需要數百個小時的努力工作才能回答一個最簡單的問題：為什么熊貓是黑白的？)”可推測出，要弄清楚簡單問題背后的原因需要花費努力。故選C項。第二節(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Slowtravelisaboutconnectingdeeplywithyourtravels.Ratherthanrushingfromoneplacetoanother,slowtravelerstreateachexperienceasanopportunitytolearnandfeelmoredeeplytothepeople,culture,andfoodtheywanttoexplore.____16____.RelaxandenjoyOnce,avacationprovidedrelaxationfromthestressofeverydaylife.Butovertime,webegantryingtoputeverythingwewantintoachecklist.____17____.Slowtravelexchangeschecklistsforthechancetoreallyenjoyaplace.It’samazinghowmuchmoreinvolvedyoucanbewhenyou’renotinarush.It’seasiertorelaxandlookforwardtowhateverthedaybrings.Havemorememorableexperiences____18____.Ifso,theideaofslowtravelmayfeellikeyou’llmissthelatestTop10.Infact,youfreeyourselffromscratchingthesurfaceofeverythingwithoutenjoyinganything.Slowtravelallowsyouthetimetofeeladestinationandyouwillhavemorememorableexperiences.MeetpeopleandactuallygettoknowthemWhenyoudecidetotaketheslowtravelroute,youfreeyourselfuptomeetandspendtimewithothers.Youcanmeetlocalsataparkorrestaurantandenjoyaconversation.Learnaboutthepeopleonyourfoodtour.Youmayevendecidethatyoulikesomeoneenoughtomeethim/herlaterforlunchoracoffee.____19____,becauseyouarenotrushingtothenextbigthing.____20____Travelingbyplane,train,andbushasabadeffectontheenvironment.Wecantransportourselvestoonelocationandspendmoretimeexploringitonfoot,bybikeoronhorseback.That’slessharmfultotheplanetthanrushingtothenextthingonthelistwithwhatevervehiclethatwillgetusthereinahurry.A.Bemoreeco-friendlyB.ExperiencedifferentmeansoftransportationC.ThiscreatedmorestressthanwewereescapingD.MakingachecklistmakesyourjourneymoreorganizedE.HerearesomereasonswethinkyouneedtotryslowtravelF.YourcommunicationtendstobemorerelaxedandmorerealG.Maybeyou’reusedtojumpingfromoneattractionafteranother【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.F20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了需要嘗試慢旅行的一些原因。【16題詳析】根據前文“Slowtravelisaboutconnectingdeeplywithyourtravels.Ratherthanrushingfromoneplacetoanother,slowtravelerstreateachexperienceasanopportunitytolearnandfeelmoredeeplytothepeople,culture,andfoodtheywanttoexplore.(慢速旅行就是與你的旅行緊密相連。慢速旅行者不會匆忙地從一個地方跑到另一個地方，而是把每一次經歷都當作一個學習的機會，更深入地感受他們想要探索的人、文化和食物)”可知，本文主題是講述慢速旅行，結合后文小標題，可知本文介紹嘗試慢旅行的一些原因。所以E項“Herearesomereasonswethinkyouneedtotryslowtravel(以下是我們認為你需要嘗試慢旅行的一些原因)”能承接上文，并總領下文。故選E項。【17題詳析】根據前文“Once,avacationprovidedrelaxationfromthestressofeverydaylife.Butovertime,webegantryingtoputeverythingwewantintoachecklist.(曾經，假期能讓人從日常生活的壓力中得到放松。但隨著時間的推移，我們開始嘗試把我們想要的東西都列在清單上)”可知，此處是在講述曾經假期能讓人從日常生活的壓力中得到放松，但是現在開始嘗試把我們想要的東西都列在清單上，可知C項“Thiscreatedmorestressthanwewereescaping.(這比我們逃避的壓力更大)”是對前句的結果描述，說明了上文的不良影響。符合文意，其中stress為同詞復現。故選C項。【18題詳析】分析設空，位于句首，應是總領本段，根據后文“Ifso,theideaofslowtravelmayfeellikeyou’llmissthelatestTop10.(如果是這樣的話，慢旅行的想法可能會讓你覺得你錯過了最新的十佳)”可知，空處應是提到一種和慢旅行不同的方式，所以G項“Maybeyou’reusedtojumpingfromoneattractionafteranother(也許你已經習慣了從一個景點跳到另一個景點)”符合文意，和慢旅行相悖的方式，引出下文，后文的ifso代指本句提到的方式。故選G項。【19題詳析】根據前文“Whenyoudecidetotaketheslowtravelroute,youfreeyourselfuptomeetandspendtimewithothers.Youcanmeetlocalsataparkorrestaurantandenjoyaconversation.Learnaboutthepeopleonyourfoodtour.Youmayevendecidethatyoulikesomeoneenoughtomeethim/herlaterforlunchoracoffee.(當你決定走慢速旅行路線時，你就可以騰出時間和別人見面。你可以在公園或餐館遇到當地人，并享受交談。了解你的美食之旅中的人。你甚至可能決定你足夠喜歡一個人，然后和他/她一起吃午飯或喝咖啡)”可知，本段主要講述了，慢速旅行可以讓我們更好的和他人交流，所以F項“Yourcommunicationtendstobemorerelaxedandmorereal.(你的交流趨向于更輕松、更真實)”符合本段主題，并和后文“becauseyouarenotrushingtothenextbigthing.(因為你沒有急著去做下一件大事)”構成因果關系。故選F項。【20題詳析】分析設空可知，空處是本段小標題，根據后文“Travelingbyplane,train,andbushasabadeffectontheenvironment.Wecantransportourselvestoonelocationandspendmoretimeexploringitonfoot,bybikeoronhorseback.That’slessharmfultotheplanetthanrushingtothenextthingonthelistwithwhatevervehiclethatwillgetusthereinahurry.(乘飛機、火車和公共汽車旅行對環境有不好的影響。我們可以把自己帶到一個地方，花更多的時間步行、騎自行車或騎馬去探索它。這對地球的危害要比開著任何能讓我們快速到達那里的交通工具匆忙去做清單上的下一件事要小)”可知，本段主要講述了慢速旅行會更環保，所以A項“Bemoreeco-friendly.(更加環保)”是本段小標題。故選A項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IwastalkingtomyfriendSandyaboutourchildren.Sandyhadrecentlymovedintotheneighborhoodwithherfour____21____,includingheryoungest,eighteen-month-oldKim.Sheseemed____22____tohavekidsnearby,untilshesawourdog,Sam.Sam,ourshinyblackdog,lovedtoplaywiththekidsand____23____them.ButSandywas____24____ofdogs,andshestartedtobackawayasSamapproached.IgrabbedSam’scollarandmadehimsit,tryingto____25____Sandy’sfear.Sandymentionedthatsheneededtogetherkidsreadytogototheirgrandmother’shouse.Justthen,herdooropenedandherkidsrushedout.Sandywarnedthemnotto____26____Sam.Thekidshuddled(蜷縮)aroundtheirmom,lookingatSam____27____.Emma,mydaughter,showedthekidshowto____28____adogproperly.Gradually,thekidswerewonoverbySam’s____29____nature.Onedayafterthatincident(事件),whenthekidswereplayingacrossthestreet,I____30____theeighteen-month-oldbabyheadingtowardsasmallhill.Isawacarapproachingatahighspeedandshoutedtoeveryoneto____31____thebaby.Samrushedtotheboywithout____32____andpushedthebabyawayfromtheoncomingcar____33____.Thekidscheered,completelyunawareofthe____34____.TheythoughtSamhadcometoplay.Withinayear,Samhadmadefriendswithalltheneighbors.EvenSandystartedto____35____Samandwouldoftencomeovertogivehimahug.21.A.friends B.kids C.neighbors D.pets22.A.happy B.anxious C.proud D.surprised23.A.protect B.follow C.appreciate D.push24.A.tired B.fond C.frightened D.aware25.A.feel B.record C.hide D.ease26.A.takecareof B.getcloseto C.turnto D.stareat27.A.eagerly B.hopefully C.sadly D.nervously28.A.call B.approach C.feed D.select29.A.cold B.common C.strange D.friendly30.A.sensed B.heard C.noticed D.imagined31.A.watch B.find C.touch D.avoid32.A.permission B.excuse C.hesitation D.doubt33.A.quickly B.madly C.suddenly D.occasionally34.A.accident B.danger C.mistake D.fight35.A.ignore B.understand C.influence D.love【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.C25.D26.B27.D28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.A34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述新鄰居家的女主人桑迪很怕作者家的狗山姆，但是后來山姆卻在關鍵時刻救了桑迪的孩子，從此桑迪改變了對山姆的看法，山姆也成了街坊四鄰的好朋友。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：桑迪最近和她的四個孩子搬進了這個社區，包括她最小的，18個月大的金。A.friends朋友；B.kids孩子；C.neighbors鄰居；D.pets寵物。根據前文“IwastalkingtomyfriendSandyaboutourchildren.”可知，作者和桑迪在談論孩子，所以是桑迪最近和她的四個孩子搬進了這個社區。故選B項。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她似乎很高興有孩子在身邊，直到她看到了我們的狗，薩姆。A.happy快樂的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.proud自豪的；D.surprised驚訝。根據后文“havekidsnearby”可知，有孩子在身邊應是高興的，符合語境。故選A項。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：山姆，我們閃亮的黑狗，喜歡和孩子們一起玩，保護他們。A.protect保護；B.follow跟隨；C.appreciate欣賞；D.push推動。根據后文“Samrushedtotheboywithoutandpushedthebabyawayfromtheoncomingcar”可知，山姆在保護孩子們。故選A項。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是桑迪害怕狗，當山姆走近時，她開始往后退。A.tired疲倦的；B.fond喜歡的；C.frightened害怕的；D.aware意識到的。根據后文“shestartedtobackawayasSamapproached.”可知，當薩姆走近時，她開始往后退，推知她害怕狗。孤戰C項。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我抓住山姆的項圈，讓他坐下，試圖減輕桑迪的恐懼。A.feel感覺到；B.record記錄；C.hide隱藏；D.ease減輕。根據前文“IgrabbedSam’scollarandmadehimsit”客戶自，作者阻止山姆繼續靠近桑迪，應是試圖減輕桑迪的恐懼。故選D項。【26題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：桑迪警告他們不要靠近山姆。A.takecareof照顧；B.getcloseto接近；C.turnto求助于；D.stareat凝視。根據前文“ButSandywasofdogs,andshestartedtobackawayasSamapproached.”可知，桑迪害怕狗，所以此處應是警告她的孩子們不要靠近山姆。故選B項。【27題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們圍在媽媽身邊，緊張地看著山姆。A.eagerly急切地；B.hopefully有希望地；C.sadly傷心地；D.nervously緊張地。根據前文“SandywarnedthemnottoSam.”和“Thekidshuddled(蜷縮)aroundtheirmom”可知，因為媽媽的警告，孩子們應是緊張地看著薩姆。故選D項。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的女兒艾瑪教孩子們如何正確地接近狗。A.call呼叫；B.approach接近；C.feed喂養；D.select選擇。根據前文“Emma,mydaughter,showedthekids”以及后文“adogproperly”結合選項可知，山姆是作者的狗，所以作者的女兒應是教孩子們如何正確地接近狗，符合語境。故選B項。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，孩子們被山姆友好的性格所征服。A.cold冷的；B.common常見的；C.strange奇怪的；D.friendly親切的。根據前文“Sam,ourshinyblackdog,lovedtoplaywiththekidsandthem.”可知，山姆喜歡和孩子們一起玩，保護他們，所以是孩子們被山姆友好的性格所征服。故選D項。【30題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那件事發生后的一天，當孩子們在街對面玩耍時，我注意到那個18個月大的嬰兒朝一座小山走去。A.sensed感覺到；B.heard聽到；C.noticed注意到；D.imagined想象。根據后文“Isawacarapproachingatahighspeedandshoutedtoeveryonetothebaby.”可知，作者看到嬰兒，所以此處是注意到。故選C項。【31題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我看見一輛車高速駛來，就大聲叫大家小心孩子。A.watch小心；B.find找到；C.touch觸摸；D.avoid避免。根據前文“Isawacarapproachingatahighspeed”可知，一輛車高速駛來，應是大聲叫大家小心孩子。故選A項。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：山姆毫不猶豫地沖向那個男孩，迅速地把嬰兒從迎面而來的汽車旁推開。A.permission許可；B.excuse借口；C.hesitation猶豫；D.doubt懷疑。根據前文“Samrushedtotheboy”以及后文“pushedthebabyawayfromtheoncomingcar”結合選項，可知，應是山姆毫不猶豫地沖向那個男孩，符合語境。故選C項。【33題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：山姆毫不猶豫地沖向那個男孩，迅速地把嬰兒從迎面而來的汽車旁推開。A.quickly迅速地；B.madly發狂地；C.suddenly突然；D.occasionally偶爾。根據前文“pushedthebabyawayfromtheoncomingcar”結合實際可知，應是迅速地把嬰兒從迎面而來的汽車旁推開才能救下孩子。故選A項。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們歡呼起來，完全沒有意識到危險。A.accident事故；B.danger危險；C.mistake錯誤；D.fight斗爭。根據后文“TheythoughtSamhadcometoplay.”可知，孩子們以為山姆是來玩的，所以沒有意識到剛才的危險。故選B項。【35題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：甚至桑迪也開始愛山姆，經常過來給他一個擁抱。A.ignore忽視；B.understand了解；C.influence影響；D.love喜歡。根據后文“wouldoftencomeovertogivehimahug”可知，桑迪經常過來給他一個擁抱，所以是愛上了山姆。故選D項。第二節(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。WhenLinQiaozhiwas18yearsold,shedidn’tfollowthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls.Instead,shechosetogotoPekingUnionMedicalCollege,____36____shestudiedmedicineandgottheWenhaiScholarship.Andthensheworked____37____adoctorintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.Afewyearslater,she____38____(send)tostudyinEuropeandthenintheUS.HerAmericanfriendswantedher____39____(stay)intheUS,butsherefusedandtoldthemshewantedtoworkforhermotherlandwithgreat____40____(determine).In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.After____41____departmentwasclosedbecauseofthewar,sheopenedherownclinic.DrLinQiaozhiplayedakeyroleinthemedicalfieldofour____42____(new)builtcountry.Thoughsheheldmanyimportantpositions,shestilltended____43____(patient),publishedmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,and____44____(train)thenextgenerationofdoctors.Knownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”,LinQiaozhidiedon22April1983,____45____(leave)hersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.【答案】36.where37.as38.wassent39.tostay40.determination41.the42.newly43.patients44.trained45.leaving【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了第一位在中國協和醫院婦產科擔任住院醫師的女性——林巧稚醫生的個人經歷和成就。【36題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：相反，她選擇去了北京協和醫學院，在那里她學習醫學，并獲得了文海獎學金。分析句子結構可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是PekingUnionMedicalCollege，在從句中作地點狀語，用where引導。故填where。【37題詳析】考查介詞。句意：之后她在北京協和醫院婦產科當醫生。此處是固定搭配：workas意為“擔任……工作”。故填as。【38題詳析】考查動詞時態和語態。句意：幾年后，她被送往歐洲和美國學習。send作本句謂語，和主語she之間是被動關系，用被動語態，根據前后文可知，都用的一般過去時，所以此處用一般過去時。故填wassent。【39題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：她的美國朋友希望她留在美國，但她拒絕了，并告訴他們她想以極大的決心為祖國工作。此處是固定搭配：wantsb.todosth.意為“想要某人做某事”。故填tostay。【40題詳析】考查名詞。句意：她的美國朋友希望她留在美國，但她拒絕了，并告訴他們她想以極大的決心為祖國工作。空前是形容詞，所以空處應填名詞作賓語，determine的名詞形式是determination。故填determination。【41題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：該部門因戰爭而關閉后，她開了自己的診所。空后的department，為上文提到的OB-GYNdepartment，所以此處表特指，前用定冠詞修飾。故填the。【42題詳析】考查副詞。句意：林巧稚醫生在我們這個新國家的醫學領域發揮了關鍵作用。空處修飾空后的形容詞，用副詞修飾。故填newly。【43題詳析】考查名詞。句意：雖然她擔任過許多重要職位，但她仍然照顧病人，發表關于婦女和兒童護理的醫學研究，并培訓下一代醫生。空前是動詞，所以空處應填名詞作賓語，patient意為“病人”，為可數名詞，根據句意，此處用復數形式。故填patients。【44題詳析】考查動詞時態。句意：雖然她擔任過許多重要職位，但她仍然照顧病人，發表關于婦女和兒童護理的醫學研究，并培訓下一代醫生。根據and可知，空處和前文的tended以及published并列，作并列謂語，用一般過去時。故填trained。【45題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：被稱為“萬嬰之母”的林巧稚于1983年4月22日去世，把她的積蓄留給了一所幼兒園和一名新醫生。分析句子結構可知，本句已有謂語動詞died，所以leave用非謂語形式，和邏輯主語LinQiaozhi之間是主動關系，用現在分詞形式。故