結(jié)束前英語PartIReadingComprehension0marks,60minutes)FormatIDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1.sageOneQuestionstoarebasedonthefollowingpassageItisoftenclaimedthatnuclearenergyissomethingwecannotdowithout.Weliveinaconsumersocietywherethereisanenormousdemandforcommercialproductsofallkinds.Moreover,anincreaseinindustrialproductionisconsideredtobeonesolutiontotheproblemofmassunemployment.Suchanincreasepresumes(意味著)anabundantandcheapenergysupply.Manypeoplebelievethatnuclearenergyprovidesaninexhaustible(用不完的)andeconomicalsourceofpowerandthatitisthereforeessentialforanindustriallydevelopingsociety.Thereareanumberofotheradvantagesintheuseofnuclearenergy.Firstly,nuclearpower,exceptforaccidents,isclean.Afurtheradvantageisthatanuclearpowerstationcanberunandmaintainedbyrelativelyfewtechnicalandadministrativestaff.Thenuclearreactorrepresentsanenormousstepinourscientificevolutionand,whatevertheanti-nucleargroupsays,itiswrongtoexpectareturntomoreprimitivesourcesoffuel.However,opponentsofnuclearenergypointoutthatnuclearpowerstationsbringadirectthreatnotonlytotheenvironmentbutalsotocivilliberties.Furthermore,itisquestionablewhetherultimatelynuclearpowerisacheapsourceofenergy.Therehave,forexample,beenverycostlyaccidentsinAmerica,inBritainand,ofcourse,inRussia.Thepossibilityofincreasesinthecostofuranium(鈾)inadditiontothecostofgreatersafetyprovisionscouldpricenuclearpoweroutofthemarket.Inthelongrun,environmentalistsargue,nuclearenergywastesvaluableresourcesanddisturbstheecology(生態(tài))toanextentwhichcouldbringaboutthedestructionofthehumanrace.Thus,ifwewishtosurvive,wecannotaffordnuclearenergy.Inspiteofthecaseagainstnuclearenergyoutlinedabove,nuclearenergyprogramsareexpanding.Suchanexpansionassumesacontinualgrowthinindustrialproductionandconsumerdemands.However,itisdoubtfulwhetherthisgrowthwillorcancontinue.Havingweigheduptheargumentsonbothsides,itseemstherearegoodeconomicandecologicalreasonsforsourcesofenergyotherthannuclearpower.whatcanhelpsolvethesocialproblemofunemploymentADevelopingscienceandtechnology.B.Increasingtheindustrialproduction.C.Increasingthedemandforcommercialproducts.DProvidinganabundantandcheapenergysupply2.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthereasonswhysomepeoplesupportthenuclearA.Nuclearenergycannotbeusedupanditisclean.B.Nuclearenergysavesmoneyandmanpower.CNuclearenergyissymbolicofthescientificdevelopment.D.Nuclearenergybringspeoplecomfortandconvenience.hichofthefollowingstatementsmaythewriteragreewithA.Nuclearenergyprogramswillundoubtedlycontinueexpanding.B.Thedemandforcommercialproductswillsurelykeepgrowinginanycase.CUraniumisagoodsourceofenergyforeconomicandecologicalreasons.D.Theincreasingcostmaypossiblyforcenuclearenergytowithdrawfromthemarket.ThewritermentionsthenuclearaccidentsinAmerica,BritainandRussiatoshowthat______.Aifanaccidentshouldhappen,itwouldcostalotofmoneyBtherewillbenouraniumtobeusedinthefutureCnuclearwasteisapotentialdangertohumanhealthnuclearenergywillfinallydestroythehumanbeingstersattitudetowardsnuclearenergyA.Indifferent.B.Tolerant.C.Negative.D.Supportive.Questionstoarebasedonthefollowingpassage:LloydSlocumwasunemployedfor18months,butlikehundredsofthousandsofAmericans,he’sworkingparttimethisholidayshoppingseason,unloadingtrucksandstockingshelvesforaBeallsstoreinPortSt.Lucie,Fla.kforwardtosaysSlocumHeplanstousecashtobuyhisfatheraChristmaspresentandhopestomoveontoafulltimepositionwithBeallsBurkesstoresaSunbeltchain.BlackFriday,theofficialstartofholidayshoppingheat,alsokicksofftheless-celebratedseasonofthepart-timeworker.Retailers(零售商)alonearehiringabout500,000seasonalemployeesthisyear,mostofwhomareparttime,accordingtotheNationalRetailFederation.Retailers’recentshifttoopeningonThanksgivingormidnightonBlackFridayhasintensifiedtheneedforpart-timeworkers.Holidayjobsofferfinancialandemotionallifelineformanyofthenation’sjobless.Theyalsopointupatroublingreality:Anear-recordnumberofAmericansareworkingparttimethroughouttheyeareventhoughtheywouldpreferfull-timejobs.It’snotjustbecauseoftherecession(經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退).Economistsciteabroader,longer-termshifttowardpart-timeworkasemployerscutexpensesandmorepreciselymatchstaffingwithupsanddownsofcustomerdemand.Thenumberofpart-timerswhoreallywantfull-timepositions—so-calledinvoluntarypart-timeemployees—hasrisenfrom8.4millioninJanuaryto8.9millionlastmonth,accordingtotheBureauofLaborStatistics.Thetotalhashungat8.5millionto9millionsinceearly2009—doublethepre-recessionlevel.Bycontrast,thetotalofunemployedAmericanshasstayedflatatabout13.9millionthisyearandisdownfromabout15millioninlate2009asemployershadadded2millionorsojobs.Thegapshowshowthenation’sofficial9%joblessratedoesn’tfullyreflecttheeffectcausedbyahalfspeedeconomicrecoveryLloydSlocumisoneofthoseAmericanswho______.AvolunteertounloadtrucksandstockshelvesBseekonlyfulltimepositionswithretailersprefertobepaidincashtochecksDtakeparttimeholidayjobs7.Theemployersofferseasonaljobsforholidaysmainlybecause______.AbusinessisgettingslowerstomerdemandgrowselebratedseasonendsDfulltimepositionsarefilledupInAmericaBlackFridayusuallymarksthebeginningof______.A.24-hourworkshiftssgivingdinnermascelebrationsDaholidayshoppingseasonWhydoesthewritersayholidayjobsofferfinancialandemotionallifeline?A.Theyareasteadystaffsupplyforemployers.B.Theygivehopeandsupporttothejobless.C.Theyhelpcuttheexpensesforretailers.DTheypointtoatroublingreality.Thegrowingnumberofparttimersindicatesthat____.AthereisanoticeableshiftinattitudetowardworkBtheunemploymentratehasreachedarecordhighrecoveringunsatisfactorilyationsofficialjoblessrateisnotreliableeerebasedonthefollowingpassageWecovet(垂涎)theirfood,theirwineandtheirabilitytostayslimwhileconsumingboth…butshouldwebeadmiringtheFrenchfortheirparentingskills,aswell?Inherverybuzzynewbook,“BringingUpBebe,”AmericanmomandParisresidentPamelaDruckermanmakestheargumentthattheFrenchhavealeguponrearingtheirchildren.“There’ssomethingaboutthewaytheFrenchparentthatmakesitlessofagrindandmoreofapleasure,”writesDruckerman,aformerWallStreetJournalreporter.Shecitesa2009studyfindingmothersinOhiothinkcaringfortheirchildrenisfarlesspleasantthanmothersinRennes,France.WhatexactlydoFrenchparentsdothat’ssodifferentfromAmericanparents?AfewTeachingkidspatienceandself-controlthroughdelayedgratification:Frenchparentsteachtheirchildrentowaitforwhattheywantfromanearlyage—forafewminutes,usually—insteadofimmediatelygivingintokids’demands.“I’mnowconvincedthatthesecretofwhyFrenchkidsrarelywhineorcollapseintotantrums(發(fā)脾氣)—oratleastdosolessthanAmericankids—isthatthey’vedevelopedtheinternalresourcestocopewithfrustration,”Druckermanwrites.Sleeptrainingoftenbeginsatbirth:InFrance,babiesareexpectedtobesleepingthroughthenightbythetimethey’refourmonthsold.Parentsdon’tignoretheirbabies’criesbuttheydopausebeforerespondingtothem.“Frenchparentsbelieveit’stheirjobtogentlyteachbabiestosleepwell,”shewrites.“Theydon’tviewbeinguphalfthenightwithaneight-month-oldasasignofparentalcommitment.”Theydon’tgiveintoguiltoverspendingtimeawayfromtheirkids:Frenchwomenbelievethat“it’sunhealthyformothersandchildrentospendalltheirtimetogether.…Children—evenbabiesandtoddlers—gettocultivatetheirinnerliveswithoutamother’sconstantenceItcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat____.peoplearesuperiortoAmericansBFrenchfoodisbetterthanFrenchwineFrenchpeopleareadmirableDFrenchfoodistastyTheunderlinedwordshavealegupinParagraph2probablymeans______.A.offerhelpB.gainadvantageC.actfastD.standupDruckermancitesthestudyinordertoshowthat______.AFrenchparentsaremorefriendlytotheirchildrenarentslovetheirchildrenverymuchCFrenchparentsaremoreskillfulparentsenjoycaringforchildrenItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.arentsaremoreresponsiblecanparentsoftenhavetobeuphalfthenighttenignorebabiescriesDFrenchparentsfeelguiltyspendingtimeawayfromtheirkidsThewritermayagreewiththefollowingstatementsexcept____.AFrenchmomshavemorefreetimeBFrenchwayofparentingisbetteridsareeasilyfrustratedremoreindependenteFourQuestionstoarebasedonthefollowingpassage:TheU.S.TravelAssociationconfirmedinasurveywhatmanyfrustratedfliersalreadyknow:TheNo.1airportheadacheispassengerswhopulltoomanycarry-onbagsthroughsecurityandontoflights.Thatnumberhasskyrocketedinrecentyears—86millionmorebagswerecarriedonintheyearthanduringthesameperiodtwoyearsearlier,theTransportationSecurityAdministrationestimates.Thereasonforthecarry-onjumpisnomystery:Allthemajordomesticairlinesnowchargetocheck(托運(yùn))evenonebag,generally＄25.Tosavemoneyandtimeatthebaggageclaim,passengerscarryasmuchastheycanonboard,withpredictableconsequences.Atsecuritycheckpoints,thesemillionsofextrabags,manyofthemdenselypacked,meanlongerlines.Oncepastsecurity,thefuncontinuesatboarding.Onatypicalflight,there’safiercefightforscarceoverheadbinspace,extendingtheboardingprocess.Bagsthatarestuffedunderseatsmakepassengersevenmoreuncomfortable.Therehasgottobeabetterway.Infact,thereis.Here’swhatamoresensiblesystemwouldNofeeforthefirstpieceofcheckedluggage.Itwouldbebetterifairlinessimplyraisedfares (機(jī)票)insteadoffees.Limitthecarry-onsizeandchargeforlargecarry-ons.Usetemplates (標(biāo)尺)atthesecuritycheckpointstocutoffthemonsterbagsthatnowoftenescapeairlinestaff’snoticeuntilthey’rerightatthedooroftheplane.Taxtheairlines’incomefromfeesthesamewaythatfaresaretaxed.Currently,thefeesaretaxfree,encouragingairlinestogenerateincomethroughfeesratherthanfareincreases.We’resympathetictotheairlineindustry’sneedtomakemoney,butthebaggagefees—previouslyintendedtooffsetrisingfuelcosts—havebecomeaninterruptionthatslowsdownthesecuritycheck,offloadscostsontofliersandmakestheboardingprocessevenmoreunpleasantthanitalreadyersmostfrustratedattheairportA.Thelimitedoverheadbinspaceforbags.B.Thenumberofbagstheycarryonboard.CThelonglineatthebaggageclaim.D.Theextrafeetheyhavetopayforcarry-ons.eofincreasingnumberofcarryonsA.Thefeeforthefirstpieceofcheckedbaggage.B.Thetaxplacedonthefeesonthecarry-ons.C.Thebitterfightfortheoverheadbinspace.D.Thecomplicatedboardingprocess.eauthormeanbysayingthefuncontinuesatboardingAItsagreatpleasuretravelingbyair.B.Thereareevenmoretroublesatboarding.ssengersoftenfeelrelievedafterpassingsecurityD.Passengerscanrelaxincomfortoncetheyareonboard.leadvantagetotaxluggagefeesaccordingtothewriteretrisingfuelcostseptheairfaresfromrisingiscourageairlinesfromprofitingfromfeesbagsfrompassingthesecuritytisthewritersattitudetowardairlineindustryA.Critical.B.Sympathetic.C.Approving.D.IndifferentFormatIIDirections:Inthefollowingpassage,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.Forquestions21—25,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA—Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitintoanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet1.Foodisfuel.Youneeditforenergy.Whenyoudon’teat,youloseenergy.It’sthatsimple.21)______Unfortunately,itisalmostimpossibletogetyourdailyrecommendednutrientsifyoudon’teat.Thedailynutrientsarevitaltothehealthyfunctioningofallpartsofyourbody.AndalthoughreaknceAndthethingsyoucan’tsee,includingahealthyimmunesystem,aredirectlyrelatedtowhatyoueataswell.23)______Aswithallsuccessfulefforts,planningisthekey.Ifyoutypicallydon’thavetimeforlunch,brownbagitandnibblewhentimeallows.Energybars,fruit,evenasimplepeanutbutterandjellysandwichprovidesanadequatesupplyofnutrientstogetyouthroughtheafternoon.24)______Skippingmiddaymealsleadstounhealthybingeeating(大吃大喝)intheafternoonandatdinner.Skippingdinneroftenleadstoasimilarfatelateatnight,andsleepingonafullstomachhasitsownnegativeimpacts.25)______Chopherbs,onions,andvegetablesandkeeptheminyourfreezer.Preparesauces,andpre-portionmeats.Whenyou’rebusy,you’remorelikelytoeatifyouhavesomethingreadytogothanifyouhavetostartfromscratch(從零開始).Tomaintainahealthyeatingschedule,routineisthekey.Standardizedmenusmaysoundboring,buttheymakealotofsense,especiallyifhealthyeatingisyourgoal.A.Whenyoudocook,cookextra.BBrainfunctionattentivenessmemoryandmoodsareallaffectedbynutrition.C.Yourbodyneedsaconstantflowofenergytorunsmoothly,andeatingregularlyiscrucialtothatend.DIftimeisyourproblemplanningisthekey.E.Ifyouenjoycooking,butareshortoftime,useyourdayofftopreparefoodsaheadoftime.youskipmealsyouaremorelikelytoovereatthewrongfoodsatthenextopportunityG.Buttodaybusypeoplefindtheydonotalwayshavetimeformeals.nBDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet1.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.DaveneededtopackforSaturday’sfishingtrip.Hewentintohishallcloset,26hehadmorethan20rodsandreels.NowadayshewentfishingtwiceayearatBigBear,ahugelakeinsouthernCaliforniaabout7,000feet27inthemountains.Californiatriestopromotethefishingindustrybysponsoring(贊助)aFreeFishingDaytwiceayear,onceinJuneandonceinSeptember.ThatappealedtoDave.Hewentmostlybecauseitwasasocialevent28afewfriends,notso29tocatchfish.Evenbyitself,thescenicdriveupatwistytwo-laneroadwasworththetrip.Notto30thebig,beautifulhousesandtreesthat31theshoreofthelake.Packingwasaprojectinitself.Davehadevencreatedacomputerfile32FishingTrip.Itwasachecklistof45thingstotaketoBigBear.IfyougotoBigBearinJune,you’dbetterbe33forhotorcold,rainor34.Hepackedacoupleofmagazinestoreadjustincasethefishweren’tbiting.Heandhisfriendsjokedthatthefishwerealwaysbiting—inthespotyoujustleft35thespotyouwereheadedto.A.linedB.tellC.namedD.whereF.withG.knownH.preparedI.upJ.shineK.muchLorM.unlessN.farO.mentionegratedTestingmarksminutesSectionAClozeDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarktherrespondingletteronAnswerSheetSandrahadnotbeentoLasVegasinmorethanayear.Shewas36.HersisterJanicewascomingbyto37herupinabouttenminutes.Sandrafinishedputtinghertoothbrushandtoothpasteintohertravel38?thosewerethelasttwoitemsonher“topack”39.ShehadcalledaheadtogetaroomforJaniceandherself.Thehoteltoldherthatnomoreroomswereavailableattheprice40wasadvertisedinthenewspaper.ThiswasnosurprisetoSandra.41,sheputdowna＄100nonrefundabledepositonaroom42twonights.Shelookedatherwatch.Janicewaslate,43.Sandrahadforgottento44Janiceoftoday’sdeparturetime.To45itkindly,Janicewasnot46themostorganizedpersonintheworld.SandracalledJaniceup.Sheleftashort47:“Whereareyou?It’stimetogotoVegas!”d“Oh,Sandra,I’msosorry,”Janicesaid.“Iknowhow51youhadwantedtodothis.IthoughtAlice’sgraduationceremonyandpartywerenextweek.Igetso52sometimes.I’llmakethisuptoyou,I53.MaybeyoucancallupLily?shemightbe54,eventhoughit’sreallyshortnotice.55,don’tworry,I’llpayyouforeverythingandwecanmakeplansinSandrasighedurprisedededBwarmnB.baganncyoticerohatutrfromD.foreallofcoursebefrankDinawordconvincedobibeD.promoteallyasuallyainlyctlyeechrectureBlaterrrtheragementictDcontrastveryerostB.oftenearlyB.amazedssedfusedbetssB.availablebleherwiseer卷上。tionsereisashortpassagefollowedbyfivequestionsorincompletestatementslyThenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementswithLeadingscientistsaroundtheworldaremeetinginBritaintoconsideraproposalthatcouldeventuallyseeGreenwichMeanTimebecomeafootnoteinhistory.Formorethan120yearsGMThasbeentheinternationalstandardfortimekeeping,butitisnowunderthreatfromanewdefinitionoftimeitselfbasednotontherotationoftheEarth,butonatomicclocks.GMTisbasedonthepassageoftheSunoverthezeromeridianline(子午線)attheGreenwichObservatoryinsoutheastLondon,andbecametheworldstandardfortimeataconferenceinWashingtonin1884.FrancehadpromotedParisMeanTimeatthesameconference.In1972itwasreplacedinnamebyUniversalCoordinatedTime(UTC)butthatessentiallyremainedthesameasGMT.UTCisbasedonabout400atomicclocksatlaboratoriesaroundtheworldbutthencorrectedwith“l(fā)eapseconds”(閏秒)toadjustitselfinlinewiththeEarth’srotationalspeed,whichfluctuates.dreliesThemeetinginLondonarelookingatthepossibleeffectsofabandoningtheleapsecondsandmovingfullytoatomictime.ThatwouldseeatomictimeslowlymoveapartfromGMT,byaboutoneminuteevery60to90years,orbyanhourevery600years,andtherewouldneedtobe“l(fā)eapminutes”acoupleoftimesacenturytobringthetwoinline.BritishscienceministerDavidWillettshasopposedtheplanbysaying:“Weshouldsticktorealtimeasexperiencedbyhumans.WithoutleapsecondswewilllosecontactwiththerealityofEarth’srotation.Eventuallyourmidnightwouldhappenatnoon.”InJanuary,theInternationalTelecommunicationUnionwillmeetinGenevatovoteonwhethertoadoptthenewmeasure,despiteprotestsfromBritain.56.Leadingscientistsareconsideringreplacing______.WhatwillbevotedonatGenevameetinginJanuary?snewmeasureoftimekeepingbasedon59.Leapminutescanbeusedto______.HowdidBritainreacttotheproposal?ITranslationmarksminutesSectionAFromChinesetoEnglishDirections:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninthebrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.61.Themorecarefulyouare,______(你寫作中可能犯的錯誤就越少).62.Notuntilhefinishedwritinghisreport______(他開始訂火車票，準(zhǔn)備出行).Parents(往往起到重要的作用)intheirchild’spersonaldevelopment..Thegovernmentshould______(把減少失業(yè)放在首要位置)intimeoff