電大英語（I）（第七講）UNITTENUNITELEVEN

UNITTENI.GrammaticalStructures;

II.NewWordsandExpressions;

III.LanguagePointsandDifficultSentences;

XI.FunctionalPractice;

V.SomeExercises.

一般過去時(shí)(ThePastSimpleTense)倒裝句（So+be/do+主語）用法：表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與yesterday,lastyear,in1965,amomentago等表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。e.g.Igotupatfiveyesterday,butIdidn’tgetupsoearlythismorning.DidhewatchTVlastnight?IwasinGradeOnelastyear.構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞用過去式否定、疑問句的構(gòu)成：若句中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則在其后加not或?qū)⑵湔{(diào)至主語前。若句中只有行為動(dòng)詞，則要用助動(dòng)詞did

來幫忙。一般過去時(shí)Grammar過去式加-ed的讀音1、在清輔音后，讀清輔音/t/。worked/kt/helped/pt/passed/st/washed

/t/

watched

/tt/2、在濁輔音和元音后，讀濁輔音/d/。played/eid/carried/id/answered/d/

lived/vd/used/zd/called/ld/3、在/t,d/音后面,讀/id/。

wanted/tid/needed/did/

Grammargrow--grewknow--knewthrow--threwblow--blewwrite--wrotedrive--drove

ride--rodeget--gotforget--forgotlend--lentsend--sentspend--spentsay--said*/sed/pay--paidstand--stoodunderstand--understoodlet--letput--putcut--cutread--read*am,is--wasare--were

do--did

go--went

have--hadsee--sawcan--couldmay--mightdig--dugeat--atefind--foundmake--madehear--heardrun--rantake--tookhold--heldspeak--spokeleave--leftkeep--keptsleep--sleptsweep--swepttell--toldsell--soldbegin--begansing--sangsit--satswim--swamring--ranggive--gavebring--broughtbuy--boughtthink--thoughtteach--taughtcatch--caughtcome--camebecome--became不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式Grammar

“So+be/do+主語”句型

倒裝句在英語中使用得很廣泛，其構(gòu)成如下：將謂語動(dòng)詞或謂語的一部分，如助動(dòng)詞等移至主語的前面。

為了避免語言的重復(fù)，可以使用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。eg.Hehassupperatseveno’clock,andsodoI.SheisFrench,andsoamI.Theywerelate,andsowerewe.HewenttoIndialastyear,andsodidshe.

Grammar

寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式：runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinishuselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstopgothinkbehappengivebecomegetraintourstaypassanswer語法練習(xí)用括號(hào)里動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.He__________(read)thatbooklastweek.2.Lastnighthe___________(arrive)justintimefortheshow.3.Mary___________(marry)Thomasyesterday.4.Tom___________(show)uswheretositatthemeetingyesterday.5.Lastsummerwe___________(visit)UncleJack.6.It___________(rain)almosteverydaylastmonth.7.John_______(like)toplaypianowhenhewasinsecondaryschool.8.Betty___________(work)hardalllastyear.9.We___________(change)thecolorofouruniformslastChristmas.10.LastyearFrances___________(buy)hermotheraprettywatchfor

herbirthday.readarrivedmarriedshowedvisitedrainedlikedworkedchangedbought語法練習(xí)用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.We__________(go)toschoolathalfpastsixeverymorning.2.Where__________(be)WuDong?I______________(notknow).He__________(be)herefiveminutesago.3.Thespeaker_______________(notgive)usthetalkthedayaftertomorrow.4.________you________(do)morningexerciseseveryday?5.John________________(watch)thebasketballmatchthisSunday.6._______you_________(speak)atthemeetingnextSaturday?8.It_______(be)Sundayyesterday.MyparentsandI________(be)inthepark.We________(have)agoodtimethere.9._____theartist________(bring)outhisbrushand_________(begin)todrawthehorseatonce?10.Kate________________(notlike)playingtabletennis.goisdon’tknowwaswon’tgiveDodowillwatchWillspeakwaswerehadDidbringbegindoesn’tlike語法練習(xí)11.They_________________(notwatch)TVjustnow.12.They_____________(carry)waterforGrandpaLiuthreedaysago.13.MikeandJack______________(make)themodelplanelastmonth.14._______yourfriends________(have)agoodtimeintheparkthatday?15.Myfather______________(go)toBeijingaweekago.16.________Mary__________(study)attheNo.1MiddleSchooltheyearbeforelast?17.Hisparents_____________(notgo)outforawalkaftersupperyesterday.18.Where___________(be)MeiFanglastnight?didn’twatchcarriedmadeDidhavewentDidstudydidn’tgowas語法練習(xí)根據(jù)要求改寫下列句子。1.Theyhadameetingyesterday.(改為一般疑問句)2.MrsBlackdoessomecleaningeverySunday.(改為一般疑問句)3.I’mgoingtoturnontheradio.(改為否定句)4.TherewerenoclasseslastSaturdayafternoon.(改為反意疑問句)5.Thosestudentsdidtheirbest.(改為否定句)6.ItwasNovember10ththedaybeforeyesterday.（向劃線部分提問）7.MybrotherwenttoShanghaithreedaysago.（向劃線部分提問）8.TheyaregoingtovisittheSummerPalace.（向劃線部分提問）Didtheyhaveameetingyesterday?DoesMrsBlackdosomecleaningeverySunday?I’mnotgoingtoturnontheradio.TherewerenoclasseslastSaturdayafternoon,werethere?Thosestudentsdidn’tdotheirbest.Whatwasthedatethedaybeforeyesterday?WhendidyourbrothergotoShanghai?Whataretheygoingtodo?語法練習(xí)仿照示例，把下列各句變成否定句。Patty/eat/somethingthismorning.---Pattydidn’teatanythingthismorning.1.John/fly/toNewYorklastweek.2.Rita/go/tothebeachtoswimlastMonday.3.Helen/take/herdogoutlastnight.4.MrTaylor/park/hiscarinthecarparkyesterday.5.Themoon/shine/lastnight.6.MrsWhite/buy/somethingfromthemarketthismorning.7.Myfather/watch/televisionlastnight.8.I/meet/somefriendsatthelibraryyesterdayafternoon.Johndidn’tflytoNewYorklastweek.Ritadidn’tgotothebeachtoswimlastMonday.Helendidn’ttakeherdogoutlastnight.MrTaylordidn’tparkhiscarinthecarparkyesterday.Themoondidn’tshinelastnight.MrsWhitedidn’tbuyanythingfromthemarketthismorning.Myfatherdidn’twatchtelevisionlastnight.Ididn’tmeetanyfriendsatthelibraryyesterdayafternoon.語法練習(xí)仿照示例，把下列各句變成疑問句，然后做出簡略回答。Hecamebyferry.(yes)---Didhecomebyferry?Yes,hedid.1.Walterenjoyedhimselfatyourparty.(yes)2.Thecatdiedlastnight.(no)3.Peterdrewalargedogontheblackboard.(yes)5.MissYaogaveaspeechtoherstudentsyesterday.(no)6.Annaboughthermotherapairofnewshoesyesterday.(yes)7.Peterfinishedhisworkearlyyesterday.(yes)8.Jim’sfathergaveJimtwentydollars.(no)9.Judystudiedhardbeforetheexams.(no)10.Susangavethebeggarsomefood.(yes)DidWalterenjoyhimselfatyourparty?Yes,hedid.Didthecatdielastnight?No,itdidn’t.DidPeterdrawalargedogontheblackboard?Yes,hedid.DidMissYaogiveaspeechtoherstudentsyesterday?No,shedidn’t.DidAnnabuyhermotherapairofnewshoesyesterday?Yes,shedid.DidPeterfinishhisworkearlyyesterday?Yes,hedid.DidJim’sfathergiveJimtwentydollars?No,hedidn’t.DidJudystudyhardbeforetheexams?No,shedidn’t.DidSusangivethebeggaranyfood?Yes,shedid.語法練習(xí)用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)填空：

I_____(have)agooddayatworktoday.Themeeting________(go)wellthismorning.Bob___________(notbe)there.He___________(oversleep)becausehe_________(nothear)thealarm.Lunch_____(be)terrible.We_____(try)thenewFrenchrestaurantinthetowncenter.Thefood______(taste)awful.ThisafternoonI________(phone)BillinAmerica.He_______(tell)mewe’vegotanewcontractthere.It_____(be)anawfuldrivehome.Thetraffic_____(be)terrible.hadwentwasnotoversleptdidn’thearwastriedtastedphonedtoldwaswas語法練習(xí)

WordsandExpressions

1.athome在家stayathomeatwork(人)在工作；（機(jī)器）在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)2.spendv.度過；花費(fèi)（錢財(cái)或時(shí)間）eg.Wheredidyouspendyourholiday？Hespent500yuanonanewcoat.*tospend…(in)doing…干……花費(fèi)……eg.Shespenttwohours(in)talkingtohim.

WordsandExpressions

3.liev.躺，說謊eg.Heislyingonhisbed.XiaoWangneverliestoanybody.

Note:lie(躺）lay,lain(過去式）lie(說謊)lied,lied(過去式）

4.turnv.旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)eg.Thewheelturnedslowly.

*toturnout證明（是），結(jié)果（是）eg.Whathesaidturnedouttoberight.

*toturnoff關(guān)掉toturnon打開eg.Turnoffthelight./Turnontheradio.

languagepoints

1.Wherewereyouonthenightof17thAugust?注意日期的讀法：英國：theseventeenthofAugust美國：August(the)seventeenth2.Andyouwerenotathome,asyousay.*asyousay如你所說3.Well,wethought…我們原以為…(think用作過去式時(shí)，可譯為“原以為”)

languagepoints

4.Yousaidyourhusbandbecameill.

有些動(dòng)詞可以作系動(dòng)詞用：become,feel,look,get,turn

eg.It’sgettingcold.Whenhe’sangry,hisfaceturnsred.

ProgrammeI:

Askingquestionstocheckfacts(使用過去時(shí)):

Wherewereyoulastnight?

Whendidyougotothatplace?

Whatdidyousee?

Whodidyouspeakto?

ProgrammeII:

Describinganillness:

----What’sthematter?/theproblem?What’sthetrouble?/wrongwithyou?----I’vegotacough.

----Howdoyoufeel?----Ifeelterrible.

UNITELEVENI.GrammaticalStructures;

II.NewWordsandExpressions;

III.LanguagePointsandDifficultSentences;

XI.FunctionalPractice;

V.SomeExercises.PastSimpleTenseofIrregularVerbs（不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式）IndefinitePronouns(2)（不定代詞）

復(fù)合不定代詞的構(gòu)成

Grammarbodyonethingeveryeverybodyeveryoneeverythingsomesomebodysomeonesomethinganyanybodyanyoneanythingnonobodynoonenothing

*noone為兩個(gè)詞。由body,one構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞表示人：由thing構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞表示物。

用法：1.由every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞都含有概括的意思，表示“一切人”和“一切事物”：

eg.Everybodyshoulddohisbesttoservethepeople.Everythingisready.

2.Someone,somebody,something一般用于肯定句：anybody,anyone,anything一般用于否定句和疑問句：

eg.There’ssomebodyintheroom.Thereisn’tanyoneintheroom.Hefoundsomethingunderhisbed.Didhefindanythingunderhisbed?

Grammar

3.Somebody,someone,something有時(shí)也用在疑問句種，含有肯定的意思。

eg.Didsomebody(someone)telephoneme?Whydidn’tyouwritesomething?

4.Anybody,anyone,anything也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人”，“任何東西”。

eg.Anybodycandothatwell.Youcantakeanythinghere.

Grammar

Grammar

5.復(fù)合不定代詞可以由形容詞修飾作定語，但必須放在不定

代詞的后面。

eg.Theywanttodosomethingspecialtoday.Ihopethere’snothingwrongwithher.Isthereanythingserious?Somebodyelsewilljoinus.Weneedsomeonepractical.

WordsandExpressions

1.continuev.繼續(xù)

continuetodo