2010新版分期中N的重新定義2010版分期中食管癌淋巴結引流區域胸腔鏡下如何做到縱隔淋巴結清掃？AdvantagesofradicalVAEthemagnifyingeffectofthesurgicalfieldandalterationoftheviewpointofthesurgeonVAEisperformedusingcommonvisualinformationsharedbyallofthesurgicalstaff.Udagawaetal.Rationaleforvideo-assistedradicalesophagectomyGenThoracCardiovascSurg(2009)57:127–131Disadvantagesofvideo-assistedsurgerylossofthree-dimensionalrecognitionlimitedtactilesensationThealterationoftheviewpointrequirestechnicallymoresophisticatedhand–eyecoordination.Udagawaetal.Rationaleforvideo-assistedradicalesophagectomyGenThoracCardiovascSurg(2009)57:127–131AdvantageofusingVATS(example1)TherightrecurrentlaryngealnervecanbeobservedinmoredetailedfashionwithVATS.IdentificationofitssmallbranchesanddissectionofthenervearemoreaccurateCorrespondingoperativefieldunderconventionalthoracotomy.rrln,rightrecurrentlaryngealnerve;rv,rightvagusnerve;rsc,rightsubclavianarteryAdvantageofusingVATS(example2)LeftrecurrentlaryngealnervecanbeobservedinmoredetailedfashionwithVATS.IdentificationofitssmallbranchesanddissectionofthenervearemoreaccurateCorrespondingoperativefieldunderconventionalthoracotomy.lrln,leftrecurrentlaryngealnerve;tr,trachea;sn,sympatheticnervebranch;ln,dissectedlymphnodes胸腔鏡下食管旁淋巴結清掃不存在爭議胸腔鏡隆突下淋巴結清掃規范的左上縱隔（喉返神經旁）淋巴結清掃左側臥位時如何做到ThoracoscopicportsiteplacementforMIO:leftlateral

decubitusposition.A,B5-mmports.C,D10-mmports俯臥位的優勢ThoracoscopicportsiteplacementforMIO:proneposition.A,

C5-mmports.B10-mmport俯臥位右側喉返神經的顯露俯臥位左側喉返神經的顯露ThoracoscopicoesophagectomyinpronepositionimprovesthequalityofdissectionTheoesophagusandaorto-pulmonarywindowarereachedunderexcellentvisibility,despiteapartiallydeflatedlung,whichbecauseofgravitywillalwaysremainoutofharmsway.Smalltomoderatebleedingwillnotobscuretheoperativefield.Dissectionwiththelongendoscopicinstrumentsismoreaccurateduetothesupportprovidedbytheentrancesiteattheparietallevelandtheergonomicpositionofsurgeon.G.B.CadieSurgEndosc(2006)20:1308–1309以在主動脈弓上暴露左側頸總動脈為標準評價不同體位下左喉返神經的顯露Noshiro等認為俯臥位有助于左側喉返神經的顯露，減少損傷的幾率.NoshiroSurgEndosc.2010;24:2965-2973.中山醫院胸外科的臨床結果