高考資源網(）您身邊的高考專家（AI教學）訂購熱線堰市2025年高三年級元月調研考試英語本試題卷共12頁。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。★祝考試順利★注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore. B.Inahotel. C.Inalibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.IsupposeyouhavethebookShipofTheseushere,right?I’velookedeverywherebutjustcouldn’tfindit.W:Letmecheck.Sorry,thatbookhasbeenborrowedoutalready.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】HowmuchwoulditcosttostayattheSwissChaletforaweek?A.10dollars. B.63dollars. C.70dollars.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whereareyougoingthissummervacation?W:I’veheardaboutaniceplacecalledtheSwissChalet.It’s10dollarsaday.IfIstayforaweek,itwillgive10%off.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Tocancelaflight. B.Tomakeanapology. C.Toputoffameeting.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,MrSmith.I’mafraidDrBrownwon’tbeabletoseeyoutoday.He’sstillwaitingforaflightoutofNewYork.Hesaidhewouldmeetyoutomorrowafternoon.IsitOK?M:Soundsgood.Thankyouforcalling.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Postaletter. B.Writealetter. C.Doherhomework.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Tom,youhaven’tdoneyourhomeworktoday.M:Iknow,butIhavetofinishthisletterfirst.Mom,couldyouhelpmeposttheletterwhenIfinishit?W:OK.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’ssister?A.Sheisn’tactive.B.Shelookslikethewoman.C.Shehasaspecialcharacter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Yoursisterisquitedifferentfromyouincharacter.W:Manypeopleshareyouropinion.M:Youarealwaysactiveindealingwithproblems,whileyoursisterisdifferent.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdidthewomanbuyatthestore?A.Somebeef. B.Somecards. C.Somevegetables.7.Whatadvicedoesthemangivethewoman?A.Shemusthaveenoughmoneywithher.B.Sheshouldnotbuyanythingshewants.C.ShemustcareabouthercreditcardandIDcard.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:IamhappyIstartedcarryingthecreditcardthatthebankgaveus.M:Whyisthat,Kate?Didyouuseittobuysomething?W:Isurelydid.OnthewayhomeIstoppedatastoretobuysomebeeffordinnerbecauseIdidn’thaveanycashwithme.M:Andtheypermittedyoutopaywiththecard?W:Yes.Theydidn’tevenaskmetogivethemID.M:Youhavetobecareful.Ifyoulosethemandsomeonefindsthem,thebankwillchargeyouforwhatyoubuy.W:Howmuchhasthebankallowedustospendwiththecard?M:Fifteenhundreddollars.Thebanksencourageustousethecard,buttheywillalsorequireustopaythemback.W:Youareright,Henry.I’llrememberthat.Butthecardsurelymakesiteasytospendmoney.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whattypeofmusicdoesthemanlike?A.Rap. B.Jazz. C.Rock.9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Asongwriter. B.Atelephoneoperator. C.Aradiohostess.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】W:Doyourgrandkidslovethesongsyouwrote?M:No,notatall.W:Oh,why?M:YouknowwhenIwasyoung,I’dlistentoalotofjazz.Thatformedmytasteofmusic.Thesedaysyoungpeoplearecrazyaboutrap,whichissomethingbeyondmyunderstandingof“singing”.Frankly,Ican’tmakeheadsortailsofit.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.Stilltherearepeopleofdifferentageswhoremainfaithfultojazz.Nowlet’shaveourtelephoneoperatortoputthroughouraudiencewho’relisteningtothisprogramrightnow.Let’sseewhatquestionsthey’vegotforyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whenwillthespeakersmeetattheforestpark?A.At9:30am. B.At10:00am. C.At10:30am.11.Howwillthemangototheforestpark?A.Bybus. B.Bybike. C.Onfoot.12.Whydidthemansellhiscar?A.Toexercisemore. B.Tobuyanewone. C.Toprotecttheenvironment.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Sowewillmeetattheforestparkat10o’clocktomorrowmorning,right?M:Whynotmakeithalfanhourearlier?Weshouldsetoffearly.Thetrafficwon’tbetoobusythen.W:Alright.Bytheway,it’snoteasytofindaplacetoparkthere.I’lltakeabus,andIsuggestyoudothesame.M:Don’tworry.Iplantocyclethere.Besides,Idon’thaveacaranymore.Isoldit.W:Why?Areyougoingtobuyanewone?M:No.I’mnotgettinganothercar.MydoctorsaidthatIshouldexercisemore,sonowIusuallywalkbetweenmyworkplaceandhome.W:Ithinkyoumadeagooddecision.Therearetoomanycarsinthistown.Theairisheavilypolluted.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】13.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Fatheranddaughter. C.Salesmanandcustomer.14.Howmuchmaythelongernecklacecost?A.$500. B.$2,500. C.$3,500.15.Whichfactormaydecidethepriceofthenecklace?A.Length. B.Color. C.Style.16.Whathasthewomandecidedtobuy?A.Thelongernecklaceandthering.B.Neitherthenecklacenorthering.C.Theshorternecklaceandthering.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,canIhelpyouwithanything?W:Yeah.CanIlookatthisring?M:Sure.Letmegetitoutforyou.What’syoursize?W:Ibelievemysizeissix.M:Hereyouare.W:Doyouhaveanynecklacethatmatchesthisring?M:Actually,wehaveafewtochoosefrom.Theyareoverhere.W:There’snopricetagonthisnecklace.M:Oh,I’msorry.I’llcheckthepriceforyou.Itis$199.W:Thisnecklaceisalittleshort.Doyouhaveonethatislonger?M:Yes.Whydon’tyoutrythisoneon?W:Thisoneismuchbetter.CanItryontheringwiththisnecklace?M:Sure.Hereyouare.W:Ifyoudon’tmindmeasking,howmuchdotheycost?M:Theringis$1,500.Butthepricesofthiskindofnecklacerangefrom$600to$3,000,whichmainlydependonitsquality.Ofcourseitssizeandlengthalsocount.W:Isee.That’swhyitlookssonice.Youalwaysgetwhatyoupayfor.Letmethinkaboutit.M:Sure.Takeyourtime.W:Thankyouforallthehelp.M:Noproblem.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】17.Atwhatageshouldchildrenbeginexercisingaccordingtoearlierguidelines?A.3. B.5. C.6.18.Howlongareadultsadvisedtoexerciseeveryweek?A.3hours. B.2.5hours. C.2hours.19.Whatkindofactivitiesshouldoldpeopleinclude?A.Thosewhichconnectthemtonature.B.Thosewhichconsumelittletime.C.Thosewhichhelpbalance.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Newexerciseguidelines.B.Theactivitiesforfreetime.C.Thebenefitsofexercising.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Mostofusknowthatphysicalactivityleadstobetterhealth.Thatisnothingnew.Butforthefirsttimein10years,theUnitedStatesgovernmenthaschangeditsguidelinesonhowmuchexercisepeopleneedtostayhealthy.Forchildren,thenewfederalguidelinesstatethatchildrenasyoungas3yearsoldneedtobephysicallyactive.Earlierguidelinesusedtobeginatage6.DrGiriorsaysthatthemostimportanttimeforchildrentobeginexercisingisbetweentheageof3and5.Henotesthatboysandgirlsinthisagegroupneedatleastthreehoursofactivityeveryday.Doctorssayitisimportanttostartyoung.Foradults,thesuggestedlengthoftimeforexerciseremainsthesame,whichis150minutesperweekofmoderatephysicalactivity.Itcouldbedoinghousework;itcouldbegardening;itcouldbedancing—anykindofactivitythatgetsyourheartrateupandgetsyouexercisingmoderately.Theadviceforolderadultsremainsmostlyunchangedfromearlierfederalguidelines.Thoseoverage65shouldincludeactivitiesthathelpbalance.Betterbalancemeansfewerfallsandlesschanceofinjury.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHere’salookatsomehistorictownsinUpstateNewYork,eachfilledwithstoriesofthepastandasenseofplaceyouwon’tsoonforget.AuroraThishistoricvillagelocatedontheeasternshoreofCayugaLakewasoriginallyinhabitedbytheCayugapeople.European-Americansettlementbeganin1789,andby1837,Aurorawasincorporatedasavillage.ItbecameacentreforcanaltrafficfollowingtheopeningoftheCayuga-SenecaCanal,whichfacilitatedthetransportofwool,grain,fruit,andpigstobroadermarkets.CooperstownFoundedin1786byJudgeWilliamCooper,thistownwasnamedinCooper’shonor.Hisson,JamesFenimoreCooper,arenownednovelist,immortalizedtheareainhisTheLeatherstockingTales,referringtoOtsegoLakeasthe“Glimmerglass”.CooperstownisperhapsbestknownasthehomeoftheNationalBaseballHallofFameandMuseum,establishedin1939.Thisinstitutioncelebratesthehistoryofbaseballandhonorsitsgreatestplayers,makingthevillageafavouritesiteforfansofAmerica’spastime.SkaneatelesThename“Skaneateles”derivesfromtheIroquoistermfor“longlake”,whichreflectstheindigenousrootsofthissmalltown.European-Americansettlementbeganinthelate18thcentury,andthevillagewasofficiallyincorporatedin1833.Skaneatelesisknownforitswell-preserved19th-centuryarchitecture,withmanybuildingsdatingbacktothe1830s.ThedowntownHistoricDistrict,establishedin1985,showcasesthesearchitecturaltreasures.SenecaFallsThistownisoftenrecognizedasthebirthplaceoftheWomen’sRightsmovementinAmerica.InJuly1848,ithostedthefirstWomen’sRightsConventionattheWesleyanChapel,whereactivistslikeElizabethCadyStantonandLucretiaMottpresentedtheDeclarationofSentiments,advocatingforwomen’sequality.YoucanvisittheWomen’sRightsNationalHistoricalPark,whichincludestheWesleyanChapelandthehomesofkeyfiguressuchasElizabethCadyStanton.21.WhatcontributedtoAurora’sbeingatrafficcenter?A.Theneedofmarkets. B.Theopeningofacanal.C.Thelocationofthevillage. D.ThesettlementofAmericans.22.WhatisCooperstownlargelyknownfor?A.Afamousbaseballmuseum.B.Ayearly“Glimmerglass”event.C.AlargecollectionofJamesFenimoreCooper’snovels.D.ThebirthplaceofJamesFenimoreCooper.23.Whichofthefollowingmayappealmosttoarchitects?A.Aurora. B.Cooperstown. C.Skaneateles. D.SenecaFalls.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。本文簡單介紹了紐約州北部地區四個具有歷史意義的小鎮。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章Aurora部分中“ItbecameacentreforcanaltrafficfollowingtheopeningoftheCayuga-SenecaCanal,whichfacilitatedthetransportofwool,grain,fruit,andpigstobroadermarkets.(在Cayuga-Seneca運河開通后，它成為了一個運河交通中心，促進了羊毛、糧食、水果和豬肉向更廣闊市場的運輸)”可知，Aurora成為交通中心是因為一條運河的開通。故選B項。【22題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章Cooperstown部分中“CooperstownisperhapsbestknownasthehomeoftheNationalBaseballHallofFameandMuseum,establishedin1939.(庫伯斯敦可能最以其為1939年建立的國家棒球名人堂和博物館的所在地而聞名)”可知，庫伯斯敦因其著名的棒球博物館而聞名。故選A項。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章Skaneateles部分中“Skaneatelesisknownforitswell-preserved19th-centuryarchitecture,withmanybuildingsdatingbacktothe1830s.(斯凱內特爾斯以其保存完好的19世紀建筑而聞名，許多建筑可以追溯到19世紀30年代)”和最后一句“ThedowntownHistoricDistrict,establishedin1985,showcasesthesearchitecturaltreasures.(1985年成立的歷史中心展示了這些建筑瑰寶)”可知，斯凱內特爾斯因其保存完好的19世紀建筑而可能對建筑師最有吸引力。故選C項。BWhatdidyouimaginethefutureoftransportationwouldlooklike?Wasitupintheair?AuniquevehiclecalledXTurismomadeitsappearanceattheDetroitAutoShowinearlySeptember.Thevehicleresemblesanordinarymotorbikeyou’dseeonthefreeway—asleek(造型優美的)designwithanaerodynamicshape.Butwhatstirredinterestinthevehicleiswhatitdoesn’thave,whichisapairofwheels.Anditflies.Instead,ithasalandinggearsimilartoahelicopterandithassixpropellersparalleltotheground.Tworotors(轉子)areinfrontofthebikeandtheothertwoontheback.Inprinciple,thismightbetheworld’sfirstflyingbike.Inthevideo,youcanseethebikehoveringataheightofaroundfivefeet.Theplacementoftherotorsallowsthebiketostabilizemidairandstopitfromtippingordippingononeside.Evenwithits“earthly”design,itstilllookslikesomethingoutofasciencefictionmovie.There’sareasonforthattoo.ThefounderandCEOofthecompanybehindthisvehiclelovedStarWarsmovies.XTurismoisn’tasfastasitscounterpartsinHollywood,butitproudlyshowsthatthetechnologycouldwork.Andit’sachievable.“Iwantedtomakesomethingfromthemoviereal,”thefounderwasquotedsaying.“It’salandspeederfortheDarkSide.”Creatingsomethingthatfliesisn’tnewtothecompany.TheDelaware-basedcompanyisanair-mobilitycompanythatmakesdronesandotherunmannedvehicles.XTurismoisalreadybeingsoldinJapanbutthecompanyplansonbringingthisvisionofthefuturetotheUnitedStatesin2023.Theestimatedpriceforthisbaby?Awhopping$777,000.Thecompany,however,sharedmuchmoreambitiousplansincreatingasmallerandmoreefficientversionofthecraftby2025.Thesmallerversionisplannedtoberunbyelectricityandwouldcostabout$50,000.“Wehaven’tunlockedthetechnologytomakemoreefficientenginesforflyingvehiclesthatcantakethemhigherandfaster.Moreover,regulationsandrestrictionsalsovaryfromonecountrytoanother,”thefoundersaid.However,evenwitha40-minuteflighttime,theXTurismoismorethanenoughtoinspireengineersaboutthepossibilityofflyingthroughyourneighborhood.24.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Therelateddataofthevehicle.B.Thedisadvantagesofthevehicle.C.Thedesigntheoriesbehindthevehicle.D.Theuniquedesignandflightfeatureofthevehicle.25.Whatisthefunctionoftherotors?A.Tokeepthevehicle’sbalanceintheair. B.Tomaintainacertainspeed.C.Toassistthelanding. D.Toworkaswheels.26WhatcanbeinferredabouttheXTurismo?A.Itisthefirstflyingdeviceinthecompany.B.ItcanflyfasterthantheoneinHollywoodmovies.C.Itispricedatastronomical$777,000intheUnitedStates.D.Technicalandregulatoryfactorsovershadowitsfurtheradvances.27.Whatisthemaintopicofthistext?A.Anair-mobilitycompany.B.AsmallerversionoftheXTurismo.C.AflyingbikeattheDetroitAutoShow.D.AnelementarylandspeederinStarWarsmovies.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在底特律車展上展出的一款名為XTurismo的飛行自行車，包括其設計、功能、價格以及面臨的挑戰等方面的內容。【24題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第三段中“Butwhatstirredinterestinthevehicleiswhatitdoesn’thave,whichisapairofwheels.Anditflies.Instead,ithasalandinggearsimilartoahelicopterandithassixpropellersparalleltotheground.Tworotors(轉子)areinfrontofthebikeandtheothertwoontheback.Inprinciple,thismightbetheworld’sfirstflyingbike.

(但引起人們興趣的是它沒有的東西，那就是一對輪子。它會飛。相反，它有一個類似于直升機的起落架，它有六個平行于地面的螺旋槳。兩個轉子在自行車的前面，另外兩個在后面。原則上，這可能是世界上第一輛會飛的自行車。)”可知，本段提到它沒有輪子，而是可以飛行，具有類似于直升機的起落架和六個與地面平行的螺旋槳。接著提到這可能是世界上第一輛飛行自行車即主要介紹了XTurismo的獨特設計和飛行特點。故選D。【25題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段最后一句“Theplacementoftherotorsallowsthebiketostabilizemidairandstopitfromtippingordippingononeside.(轉子的位置允許自行車穩定在半空中，并阻止它從傾斜或傾斜在一邊。)”可知，轉子的位置可以使自行車在空中保持穩定，防止其向一側傾斜或下沉。因此，轉子的功能是保持車輛在空中的平衡，故選A。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段創始人所說的話““Wehaven’tunlockedthetechnologytomakemoreefficientenginesforflyingvehiclesthatcantakethemhigherandfaster.Moreover,regulationsandrestrictionsalsovaryfromonecountrytoanother,”thefoundersaid.(“我們還沒有開發出技術，為飛行器制造更高效的引擎，讓它們飛得更高更快。此外，各國的規定和限制也各不相同。”)”可知，XTurismo在技術和法規方面還存在很多挑戰，這些因素阻礙了其進一步發展。因此，可以推斷出技術和法規因素阻礙了XTurismo的進一步發展。故選D。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段內容“AuniquevehiclecalledXTurismomadeitsappearanceattheDetroitAutoShowinearlySeptember.Thevehicleresemblesanordinarymotorbikeyou’dseeonthefreeway—asleek( 造型優美的 )designwithanaerodynamicshape.(9月初，一款名為XTurismo的獨特汽車在底特律車展上亮相。這輛車和你在高速公路上看到的普通摩托車很像——光滑的設計和空氣動力學的外形。)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要介紹了在底特律車展上展出的一款名為XTurismo的飛行自行車，包括其設計、功能、價格以及面臨的挑戰等方面的內容。因此，C選項“AflyingbikeattheDetroitAutoShow.(在底特律車展上展出的飛行自行車)”符合文章主題。選項C正確。CAnimalsandplantsalsoliveandthriveonpublicsquares.Thiscreatesopportunitiesforgreaterbiodiversityandwell-beingforthehumanpopulation.ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich(TUM)havestudiedat103locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna(動植物).Theyadvocateacloseexaminationoflocalconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.Togetherwithhisteam,WolfgangWeisser,ProfessorofTerrestrialEcologyatTUM,lookedatsuchfactorsassize,theoccurrenceoflawn,plantandtreegrowth,artificiallightsourcesandgreeninthesurroundingsofthe103publicsquaresinMunich.Thesquaresvariedfromalmostentirelysealed(封閉的)topark-likesquares.Theirresultsshow,withMunichasanexample,howgreatlythedifferentspacescandifferintheanimalsandotherorganismsthatcanlivethere.AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,withjustonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewithlawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.AtJohannisplatz,118speciesarepresent,asithastrees,hedgesandsomegrassyareasdespitebeingsealedtoarelativelylargeextent.Unsurprisingly,moreplantsarebeneficialtomanyanimalspecies.Thisisafactorthaturbanplanningmodelsalreadytakeintoaccount.However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyintermsofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.Sofar,publicspacesaredesignedwithhumansinmind,withlittleconsiderationtoanimalsandotherspecies.Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityareincreasedif,insteadofapplyingthesamepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditionsandtheneedsofdifferentspecies.Toencouragemorebeespecies,forexample,theyshouldnotonlyplantnectar-bearingflowers,butalsoprovideopenspaceashabitatforbeesandasourceofnest-buildingmaterial.28.WhatdoesthestudyatTUMfocuson?A.Thebestlocationsforfloraandfauna.B.Factorstobeconsideredinsquaredesign.C.Theimpactoflocalconditionsonbiodiversity.D.Thebestwayforhumansandfloraandfaunatogetalong.29.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A.Animalsexpandinsealedparks. B.Openparkssupportmorebiodiversity.C.Openparksarenotfitforbirdstostay. D.Closedparksareasgoodasopenones.30.Whatdoesthestudysayabouturbangreenery?A.Itvariesinattractingspecies. B.Itwillreplaceartificiallights.C.Ithasnothingtodowithspecies. D.Itiswellplannedinurbanbuildings.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EnhancingUrbanDevelopment:ConsideringLocalSpecies’NeedsB.Human-animalCoexistence:IntegratingNatureintoCityDesigningC.UrbanEcosystems:ChallengesforPlantsandAnimalsinUrbanSpacesD.BiodiversityintheCity:DesigningUrbanSpacesforHumansandAnimals【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了慕尼黑工業大學(TUM)的研究，探討了城市公共空間設計中考慮當地條件和不同物種需求的重要性，以促進生物多樣性。【28題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich(TUM)havestudiedat103locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna(動植物).Theyadvocateacloseexaminationoflocalconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.(慕尼黑工業大學(TUM)的研究人員在慕尼黑的103個地點研究了各種因素如何影響動植物。他們主張密切檢查當地條件，并采取更注重自然的方法來設計公共空間)”可知，TUM的研究集中在設計公共廣場時，影響動植物的各種因素上。故選B項。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,withjustonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewithlawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.(在高度封閉的瑪麗恩廣場，研究人員僅計算出20個物種，包括僅有一種鳥類、苔蘚物種以及昆蟲和蝙蝠物種。與此同時，在擁有草坪、灌木和樹木的普弗龍納廣場，他們發現了156個分類單元，包括21種不同的鳥類)”可推知，開放的公園支持更多的生物多樣性。故選B項。【30題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyintermsofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.(然而，研究還表明，草坪、樹木和灌木在吸引物種的多樣性和數量方面存在很大差異)”可知，城市綠化在吸引物種方面存在差異。故選A項。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據最后一段“Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityareincreasedif,insteadofapplyingthesamepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditionsandtheneedsofdifferentspecies.(研究人員得出結論，如果規劃者不僅僅在每個地點應用相同的模式，而是考慮到當地條件和不同物種的需求，那么增加更大生物多樣性的機會就會增加)”及全文可知，整篇文章主要討論了城市空間設計中考慮當地條件和不同物種需求的重要性，以促進人類和動物的共存。故選D項。DIfyoufindyourselfsleepyduringyourdailyactivitiesinyourolderage,youmayneedtoconsideritmorethananinconvenience-sincethefatiguemayindicateyou’reathigherriskfordevelopingaconditionthatcanleadtodementia(癡呆),anewstudyhasfound.Amongparticipantswhoexperiencedexcessivedaytimesleepinessandalackofenthusiasm,35.5%developedmotoriccognitiverisksyndrome(運動認知風險綜合征),orMCRcomparedwith6.7%ofpeoplewithoutthoseproblems,accordingtothestudy.MCRismarkedbyslowwalkingspeedandcomplaintsofmemoryproblemsamongolderpeoplewhodon’talreadyhavedementiaoramobilitydisability.Theriskofdevelopingdementiamorethandoublesinthosewiththissyndrome,whichwasfirstdescribedin2013.Thefindingsarebasedon445adultswhowereaged76onaverage.Participantswalkedontreadmills(跑步機)sotheirinitialgaitscouldberecorded,thenwereassessedannuallyfrom2011to2018.Thestudyauthorsalsocollectedyearlydataonparticipants’recollectionsoftheirsleepqualityandquantityinthetwoweeksleadinguptotheassessments.Overafollow-upperiodofroughlythreeyearsonaverage,36participantsdevelopedMCRsyndrome.Comparedwith“good”sleepers,“poor”sleepershadonlyaslightlyhigherriskofMCR.“Thestudyfindingsmayhelpphysiciansandpatientsbemoreopentoaskingquestionsaboutsleeppatterns,andtolookingmorecloselyatwalkingspeedwhenmakinganearlydiagnosis,”saidDr.RichardIsaacson,directorofresearchattheInstituteforNeurodegenerativeDiseasesinFlorida.“Ifyou’realreadyexperiencingmobilityissues,fallpreventioncanhelp,”Isaacsonsaid,“thatcanincludephysicalandoccupationaltherapyevaluation,andat-homeadaptationssuchasinstallingbarsintheshower,removingclutter(雜物)andusingnight-lights.”“MCRsyndromeisnewlyidentified,soexpertsstillhavealottolearnbeforetheycanexplainindetailwhatcausesitandhowitaffectsthebody,”Isaacsonsaid.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fatigue”probablymeaninparagraph1?A.Weakness. B.Tiredness. C.Comfort. D.Happiness.33.WhatmightbethefeatureofMCR?A.Slowmovement. B.Morecomplaints.C.Excessivesleepiness. D.Rapidcognitivedeclines.34.Howdidthestudycollectdataonparticipants’sleep?A.Bywritingsleepdiaries. B.Bydoingtreadmilltests.C.Byconductingannualinterviews. D.Bymonitoringsleepathome.35.Whatshouldaseniorwithmobilityissuesdo?A.Livenormally. B.Reduceactivity. C.Stayawake. D.Avoidfalls.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關于疲勞可能表明你患癡呆的可能性更高的研究。【32題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據文章第一段“Ifyoufindyourselfsleepyduringyourdailyactivitiesinyourolderage,youmayneedtoconsideritmorethananinconvenience(如果你在年老時發現自己在日常活動中犯困，你可能需要考慮的不僅僅是一種不便)”可知，此處提到了犯困的問題，緊接著下文提到了可能導致的風險，所以可推測劃線詞可能是“疲勞”的意思。故選B項。【33題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“MCRismarkedbyslowwalkingspeedandcomplaintsofmemoryproblemsamongolderpeoplewhodon’talreadyhavedementiaoramobilitydisability.(MCR的特點是走路速度慢，在沒有癡呆癥或行動障礙的老年人中抱怨有記憶問題。)”可知，MCR的特點是行動緩慢。故選A項。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“Thestudyauthorsalsocollectedyearlydataonparticipants’recollectionsoftheirsleepqualityandquantityinthetwoweeksleadinguptotheassessments.(研究作者還收集了參與者在評估前兩周對睡眠質量和睡眠時間的年度回憶數據。)”可知，此處提到了關于睡眠的年度回憶數據，所以這項研究是通過年度采訪收集參與者的睡眠數據的。故選C項。【35題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章倒數第二段“Ifyou’realreadyexperiencingmobilityissues,fallpreventioncanhelp(如果你已經有行動不便的問題，預防跌倒會有所幫助)”可知，行動不便的老年人應該預防跌倒。故選D項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Takingactionisoneofthemostimportantfactorsthatwilldetermineyoursuccess.Regardlessofwhatyouwantinyourlife,whetheryouwanttogetrich,buildamulti-milliondollarbusiness,traveltheworld,orownaluxuryhouse,youneedtotakeaction.Takingactionistheonlythingthatwillconnectyoutoyourresults.___36___Theydreamaboutwhattheywantandtheytalkabouttheirgoals,butattheendoftheday,iftheydonotputintheworkandpourintheeffort,theirdreamsandtheirgoalswillnevercometrue.___37___Itisnotlikemoneyisgoingtofallfromtheskyoryouwakeupthenextdayandfindthatyouhaveyourdreamcarsittinginyourgarage.Attheageof12,Mikewascuriousandwantedtobuildafrequencycounter(頻率計數器),buthedidnothavetheparts.___38___.WhathappenednextwasthatMikethoughtTom,acompanymanager,mightbeabletohelpingettingtheparts.HecheckedoutthetelephonebookforTom’snumber,andthencalledthatnumber.ToMike’ssurprise,TomansweredthephoneandthentheyoungMiketalkedtoTomandrequestedthepartsfromhim.___39___Healsoofferedhimasummerjobathiscompany,forassemblingthefrequencycounters.ThisishowMikegotintothecompany,kick-startedhiscareer,learnedaboutcomputers,andtherestbecamehistory.The12yearsoldMikemightnotknowwhatwashappeningbackthen;allheknewwasthathewantedthepartstobuildthefrequencycounter.___40___A.Nothingwillcometoyouautomatically.B.Whenyoutakeaction,everythingwillmove.C.Unfortunately,mostpeopledonottakeaction.D.Afterabout20minutesofchatting,TomagreedtogiveMiketheparts.E.Andlikeallothersuccessfulpeoplearoundtheworld,hewasfearlessintakingaction.F.Someactionsarehugeandtheymayrequirealotofyourenergyandtimetocomplete.G.However,hesomehowgottheideathatsomeoneintheindustrymayhavethepartsthathedesired.【答案】36.C37.A38.G39.D40.E【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了行動對于成功的重要性，并以Mike為例進行說明。Mike在12歲時想要制作一個頻率計數器，但沒有零件，于是他采取行動，打電話給一家公司經理Tom請求幫助，最終得到了零件和一個暑期工作機會，從而開啟了他的職業生涯和計算機學習之路。【36題詳解】上文提到“Takingactionistheonlythingthatwillconnectyoutoyourresults.(采取行動是連接你與成果的唯一途徑。)”，強調了行動的重要性，后文“Theydreamabout