2021高考英語浙江義烏市課外訓練（9）及答案【廣東省深圳市2022高考英語第一次調研考試】語法填空。閱讀下面短文，依據句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當的詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為16～25的相應位置上。Aftergraduatingfromcollege,TomandBobjoinedacompanytogether.Bothworkedveryhard.Severalyearslater,thebosspromotedBobtomanager,butTomremainedas16ordinaryworker.Tomcouldn’ttakeit.Hehandedhisresignationtotheboss,complaining(埋怨)thatthebossdidn’tvaluehardworkingworkers,butonlypromotedthose17(please)guys.ThebossknewTomworkedveryhardtheseyears.Sohesaid,“Thankyou,18Ihavearequest.Ihopeyou’lldoonemorethingforourcompany19youleave.Perhapsyou’llchangeyourmind.”Tomagreed.Thebossaskedhimtogoandfindanyonesellingwatermeloninthemarket.Tomwentandreturnedsoon,andsaidhehadfound20.Thebossaskedhowmuchperkg?Tom21(shake)hishead,wentbacktothemarketandreturned22(inform)theboss$1.2perkg.ThebosstoldTomtowaitasecond.HecalledBobtocometohisofficeandaskedBobtodothesame.Bobwent,returnedandsaid23(gentle),“Boss,onlyonepersonissellingwatermelon.$1.2perkg,and$102410kg.Hehas320melonsinall,58of25areonthetable.Freshandred,eachweighsabout2kg.”TomwasveryimpressedandrealizedthedifferencebetweenhimselfandBob.HedecidedtostaytolearnfromBob.語法填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）這是一篇故事。本文主要敘述了某公司老板通過Bob的事例來訓練Tom：成敗在于細節。16．答案為an。 考查同學對冠詞的把握狀況。17．答案為pleasant/pleasing。考查同學在語境中動詞轉換為形容詞的力氣。18．答案為but。 考查同學依據語境精確使用表轉折意義的連詞的力氣。19．答案為before。 考查同學正確使用從屬連詞的力氣。20．答案為one。 考查同學在語境中精確使用不定代詞的力氣。21．答案為shook。 考查同學正確使用動詞時態（不規章變化)的力氣。22．答案為toinform。考查同學在語境中正確使用動詞不定式的力氣。23．答案為gently。考查同學在語境中形容詞轉換為副詞的力氣。24．答案為for。 考查同學依據上下文語境正確把握介詞用法的力氣。25．答案為which。 考查同學依據上下文語境正確使用關系代詞的力氣。完形填空ChiChi,theChihuahuaistheHeroPetoftheYear.At13pounds,ChiChimightbemostathomeinahandbag.“He’sso1thatIcantakehimupwithonehand,”saysMaryLaneofherenergeticpet.“Mostpeopleseehimandthinkhe’s2.”ButlastOctober,theChihuahua3tobemorethanjustaprettyface.Maryandherhusband,Rick,were4onthebeachoneafternoonwhileonvacationinNorthCarolina.Asusual,ChiChiwas5onhisblanketinhisownlittlebeachchair.“Wehadour6buriedinbooks,”recallsRick,“whensuddenlythe7becameextremelydisturbed.His8wasdifferentfromanythingwehadheardbefore.Andhewouldnotletus9him.”ChiChiranbackandforthinfrontofhis10,pullingathisleashasiftorundownthebeach.TheLanessatuptoseetwoelderly11intheocean,about10feetoffshore.Onewasonherback,her12tippingunderthewaves.Theotherwas13tryingtokeepherfriend’sheadabovethesurface.TheLanes14acrossthesandandintothesurf.Rickswamtothewomanindangerofdrowning,whileMaryheldfasttotheotheroneand15heruponthebeach.“ThenIwentbacktohelpRick,”Maryrecalls.“Thesanddroppedoffsteeply,andariptide(激流)was16thewomanunder.Shewascompletelydisoriented(不知所措的).”Stillrecoveringfromrecentkneesurgery,thewomanhadbeenunableto17“Herfriendhadbeenindangertoo,”Marysays.“Thewaveswerepushingheraround.There’snowayshecouldhave18muchlonger.”Thewomenhadn’tcalledoutforhelp.“Theywere19sohard,andtherewasnotimeforscreaming,”Maryrecalls.ButChiChihadsenseddangernonetheless.“Thedogknew.I’ve20overhow.”Dutydone,ChiChiwasbackinhischair,asleep.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文,介紹了一條小狗跟隨仆人在海邊休閑時,敏銳地察覺到海中有人遇險,便做出一反常態的反應提示仆人,在仆人的努力下最終使兩位遇險的游客獲救,這使它成為年度英雄寵物。1.A.smart B.tiny C.weak D.lovely【解析】選B。規律推理題。依據上文“只有13磅,吉吉或許可以放在一個手提包中”和下文“我用一只手就可以把它拎起來”可以斷定這條狗很小,故最佳答案為B項。smart“聰慧的”;weak“虛弱的”;lovely“可愛的”,與后文的Icantakehimupwithonehand在信息的表達上都不搭配。2.A.useless B.careless C.kind D.crazy【解析】選A。規律推理題。前文談到這條狗很小,故可以推斷:絕大多數人在看到它時都會認為它沒有什么用處。故答案為A。3.A.wanted B.decided C.proved D.agreed【解析】選C。規律推理題。依據后文這條狗的表現可以斷定該句意思是:這條吉娃娃狗“證明”了自己不僅僅長著一個秀麗的臉蛋,答案為C項。4.A.working B.swimming C.quarreling D.relaxing【解析】選D。規律推理題。依據下文“在北卡羅來納州的海灘上閑適度假”可以斷定瑪麗和丈夫正在沙灘“休閑”,故答案為D項。5.A.practicing B.lying C.barking D.eating【解析】選B。規律推理題。該句意思是:像平常一樣,吉吉正躺在自己那個沙灘椅中的毯子上。從最終一段的那句話“它回到椅子上睡覺”也可以看出這里是“躺”著,故答案為B項。6.A.hands B.mouths C.ears D.noses【解析】選D。固定搭配題。buryone’snoseinbooks指“埋頭讀書”,是固定搭配,與度假休閑的語境相符。7.A.owner B.dog C.fish D.crowd【解析】選B。詞匯復現題。依據下文可知:這條狗突然變得格外擔憂。8.A.bark B.bite C.yell D.roar【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。該句意思是“它的吠叫一點也不像我們以前聽到的那樣”。bark用來指狗的吠叫,故答案為A。bite意思是“咬”;yell和roar都指“大聲喊叫”。9.A.feed B.notice C.watch D.ignore【解析】選D。規律推理題。依據下文可知這條狗竭力想引起我們的留意,不讓我們“無視”它的反應,故答案為D項。10.A.desk B.board C.chair D.shelf【解析】選C。詞匯復現題。依據上文談到的“...inhisownlittlebeachchair”可知這里是指“吉吉在椅子前面擔憂地來回走動”。故答案為C項。11.A.men B.fishermen C.women D.students【解析】選C。詞匯復現題。依據下文可知林恩夫婦和這條狗營救了兩位婦女,故答案為C項。12.A.legs B.head C.arms D.feet【解析】選B。規律推理題。依據后文談到的“...friend’sheadabovethesurface”可知正確答案為B項。13.A.madly B.calmlyC.unexpectedly D.excitedly【解析】選A。規律推理題。在此格外危急的狀況下,madly一詞能精確?????表達人物的行為狀態,故正確答案為A項。14.A.walked B.wandered C.rushed D.raced【解析】選C。規律推理題。依據下文可斷定林恩夫婦馬上穿越沙灘跳進波浪中。A項、B項都表示“閑逛?????、閑逛”;D項表示“賽跑”。故答案為C項。15.A.pulled B.directedC.led D.persuaded【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。依據當時的狀況,瑪麗是要把那位婦女弄到岸上,而directed,led,persuaded都不符合當時的狀況,該句表示“瑞克游到那位溺水婦女的身旁,瑪麗則快速抓住另一位婦女并把她拉上海灘。”故正確答案為A項。16.A.attracting B.hurtingC.comforting D.sucking【解析】選D。詞義辨析題。本句意為“沙床邊緣格外陡峭,而下方的激流正往下拖曳著這位婦女。”suck意為“吸、吮”,此處理解為海水在往下沖刷這位婦女,故正確答案為D項。17.A.lookup B.turnoverC.givein D.calmdown【解析】選B。規律推理題。依據上文“由于剛剛做完膝蓋外科手術”可知這位婦女由于限于身體條件而無法做出幅度較大的動作,選項中只有turnover是幅度較大的動作;lookup有“查閱、向上看”之意,與文意不符;givein和calmdown都是心理活動而不是動作。故正確答案為B。18.A.takenon B.carriedonC.broughton D.heldon【解析】選D。詞義辨析題。依據上文談到的:兩個婦女中的一個已經支撐不住了,她的伴侶也處在危急之中,海浪正吞噬著她,所以這一句話的意思應當是:她根本無法“堅持”下去了。故正確答案為D項。19.A.fighting B.strugglingC.battling D.competing【解析】選B。規律推理題。該句意思是:她們在舍命掙扎,沒有時間呼喊救命,故正確答案為B項。20.A.puzzled B.gone C.looked D.thought【解析】選A。詞義辨析題。依據上文這條狗感到了她們處于危急之中,可推斷下文意思:這條狗竟然感覺到有人遇險,而瑪麗到現在還在“納悶”這條狗是如何知道的。puzzleover“對……迷惑不解”;goover“復習”;lookover“查看”;thinkover“認真考慮”。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Riversmaybeasignificantsourceofthegreenhousegasnitrousoxide(一氧化二氮),scientistsnowfind.TheircalculationsuggeststhatacrosstheglobethewaterwayscontributethreetimestheamountofnitrousoxidetotheatmosphereashadbeenestimatedbytheInternationalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),theUnitedNationsscientificbodychargedwithreviewingclimatechangeresearch.Theyfoundthattheamountofnitrousoxideproducedinstreamsisrelatedtohumanactivitiesthatreleasenitrogen(氮)intotheenvironment,suchasfertilizeruseandsewagedischarges.“Humanactivities,includingfossilfuelcombustionandintensiveagriculture,haveincreasedtheavailabilityofnitrogenintheenvironment,”saidJakeBeaulieuoftheUniversityofNotreDameandtheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyinCincinnati,“Muchofthisnitrogenistransportedintoriverandstreamnetworks,”Beaulieusaid.There,microbes(微生物)convertthenitrogenintonitrousoxide(alsocalledlaughinggas)andaninertgascalleddinitrogen(二氮).Thefindingisimportant,theresearcherssay,becausenitrousoxideisapowerfulgreenhousegasthatcontributestoclimatechangeanddestructionofthestratosphere’sozonelayer,whichprotectsusfromthesun’sharmfulultraviolet(紫外線)radiation.Comparedwithcarbondioxide,nitrousoxideis300-foldmorepowerfulintermsofitswarmingpotential,thoughcarbondioxideisafarmorecommongreenhousegas.Scientistsestimatenitrousoxideaccountsforabout6percentofhuman-inducedclimatechange.Beaulieuandcolleaguesmeasurednitrousoxideproductionratesin72streams.Whensummedacrosstheglobe,theresultsshowedriversandstreamsarethesourceofatleast10percentofhuman-causednitrousoxideemissionstotheatmosphere.“Changesinagriculturalandland-usepracticesthatresultinlessnitrogenbeingdeliveredtostreamswouldreducenitrousoxideemissionsfromrivernetworks,”Beaulieusaid.1.Fromthesecondparagraphwecanlearn.A.actuallyriversgi