項目2排水管道開槽施工Section10 ConstrucitonofDrainagePipelineWorks2.1.1城市排水工程基本認知2.1.1BasicUnderstandingofUrbanDrainageEngineering一、污水的分類I.ClassificationofSewage在使用過程中受到了不同程度的污染，改變了原來的化學成分和物理性質的水，叫污水。Waterthathasundergonevaryingdegreesofpollutionduringuse,alteringitsoriginalchemicalcompositionandphysicalproperties,iscalledsewage.生活污水DomesticSewage工業廢水IndustrialWastewater按來源分ClassifiedbySource降水Precipitation城市污水UrbanSewage2.1.1城市排水工程基本認知2.1.1BasicUnderstandingofUrbanDrainageEngineering一、污水的分類I.ClassificationofSewage生活污水——人們日常生活中用過的水，廁所、浴室、盥洗、廚房、食堂和洗衣房。DomesticSewage—Waterusedindailylife,fromtoilets,bathrooms,washrooms,kitchens,dininghalls,andlaundries.來源：住宅、公共場所、機關、學校、醫院、商店以及工廠中的生活間部分。Sources:Residences,publicplaces,governmentoffices,schools,hospitals,shops,andtheresidentialpartsoffactories.特點：含有較多的有機物。Characteristics:Containsalargeamountoforganicmatter.2.1.1城市排水工程基本認知2.1.1BasicUnderstandingofUrbanDrainageEngineering一、污水的分類I.ClassificationofSewage工業廢水——工業生產中排出的廢水。IndustrialWastewater—Wastewaterdischargedduringindustrialproduction.來源：各類工礦企業。Sources:Variousindustrialandminingenterprises.特點：成分復雜，受工業生產性質和工藝過程的影響明顯，水量和水質變化大，對環境的危害大。Characteristics:Complexcomposition,significantlyinfluencedbythenatureofindustrialproductionandprocesses,withlargevariationsinwaterquantityandquality,andconsiderableenvironmentalimpact.2.1.1城市排水工程基本認知2.1.1BasicUnderstandingofUrbanDrainageEngineering一、污水的分類I.ClassificationofSewage

降水——指大氣降水，包括雨、雪、雹、霜等。一般降水指的是雨水。Precipitation—Referstoatmosphericprecipitation,includingrain,snow,hail,andfrost.Precipitationgenerallyreferstorainwater.雨水特點：CharacteristicsofRainwater:一般比較清潔、徑流量大。必須及時排泄，是排水的主要對象之一。Generallyclean,withalargerunoffvolume.Mustbedischargedpromptlyandisoneoftheprimarytargetsofdrainage.降雨初期徑流的雨水由于會附帶地面和屋面上的各種污染物質，使其受到污染，應予以重視。Theinitialrunoffofrainwatermaycarryvariouspollutantsfromsurfacesandrooftops,causingcontamination,whichshouldbegivenattention.二、城市排水系統的組成II.CompositionofUrbanDrainageSystems2.1.1城市排水工程基本知識2.1.1BasicKnowledgeofUrbanDrainageEngineering2.1.1城市排水工程基本知識2.1.1BasicKnowledgeofUrbanDrainageEngineering市政污水管道系統總平面示意GeneralPlanofMunicipalSewagePipelineSystem1—城市邊界；2—排水流域邊界；3—支管；4—干管；5—主干管；6—總泵站；7—壓力管道；8—城市污水廠；9—出水口；10—事故排出口；11—工廠1—CityBoundary;2—DrainageBasinBoundary;3—BranchPipeline;4—MainPipeline;5—TrunkPipeline;6—MainPumpStation;7—PressurePipeline;8—UrbanSewagePlant;9—Outfall;10—EmergencyDischargePoint;11—Factory小區污水管道系統平面示意PlanofResidentialSewagePipelineSystem1—小區水管道；2—檢查井；3—出戶管；4—控制井；5—市政污水管道；6—市政污水檢查井；7—小區主干管1—ResidentialWaterPipeline;2—InspectionWell;3—HouseholdPipeline;4—ControlWell;5—MunicipalSewagePipeline;6—MunicipalSewageInspectionWell;7—ResidentialTrunkPipeline二、城市排水系統的組成——污水系統II.CompositionofUrbanDrainageSystems—SewageSystemRiver2.1.1城市排水工程基本知識2.1.1BasicKnowledgeofUrbanDrainageEngineering二、城市排水系統的組成——雨水系統II.CompositionofUrbanDrainageSystems—RainwaterSystem降落在屋面上的雨水由天溝和雨水斗收集，通過落水管輸送到地面，與降落在地面上的雨水一起形成地面徑流，然后經過雨水口收集流入小區的雨水管道系統，經過小區的雨水管道系統流入市政雨水管道系統，然后通過出水口排放。因此雨水管道系統包括小區雨水管道系統和市政雨水管道系統兩部分。Rainwaterfallingonrooftopsiscollectedbyguttersandrainwaterhoppers,transportedtothegroundviadownpipes,andcombineswithrainwateronthegroundtoformsurfacerunoff,whichisthencollectedbyrainwaterinlets,flowsintotheresidentialrainwaterpipelinesystem,andthenintothemunicipalrainwaterpipelinesystem,beforebeingdischargedthroughoutfalls.Therefore,therainwaterpipelinesystemincludestwoparts:theresidentialrainwaterpipelinesystemandthemunicipalrainwaterpipelinesystem.2.1.1城市排水工程基本知識2.1.1BasicKnowledgeofUrbanDrainageEngineering圖雨水管道系統Diagram:RainwaterPipelineSystem1、2、3、4、5—建筑物；6—生活污水管道；7—生產污水管道；8—生產廢水與雨水管道；9—雨水口；10—污水泵站；11—廢水處理站；12—出水口；13—事故排出口；14—雨水出水口；15—壓力管道1,2,3,4,5—Buildings;6—DomesticSewagePipeline;7—IndustrialSewagePipeline;8—IndustrialWastewaterandRainwaterPipeline;9—RainwaterInlet;