Universityphysics知到智慧樹(shù)章節(jié)測(cè)試課后答案2024年秋浙江理工大學(xué)第一章單元測(cè)試

Howmanyyearsolderwillyoube1.00gigaseeondfromnow?(Assumea365-dayyear.)（）

A:41.7yB:31.7yC:21.7yD:51.7y

答案:31.7yScientificnotation:（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:InΔABC,weknowthatDisapointontheextensionlineofBC,andEisthemidpointoflinesegmentAD.If,and,thenx=（）.

A:1/3B:1/4C:?1/4D:?1/3

答案:?1/4Vectoroperation.If,and,findthevalueof,suchthatthevectorsandwillbeperpendiculartoeachother（）.

A:-2/3B:-4/3C:-8/3D:-5/3

答案:-4/3Twodisplacementvectors,

and

,havemagnitudesS=3mandT=4m,whichofthefollowingcouldnotbethemagnitudeofthedifferencevector?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer.)（

）.

A:7mB:9mC:1mD:5m

答案:9m

第二章單元測(cè)試

Aparticleismovingstraightalongthexdirection,anditspositionisdeterminedbytheequation,wheretheunitofxismeter,andtheunitoftissecond.Thenitsvelocityisexpressedas（）

A:v=20tB:v=20t+8C:v=10t+8D:v=10t

答案:v=20tVelocityisavector,andspeedisalsoavector.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)Themagnitudeoftheaccelerationoftheobjectmaybeverylarge,whilethemagnitudeofthevelocityofanobjectcanremainunchanged.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)Awarshipfirestheshellsattowenemyshipsatthesametime.Itisknownthattheshellswillflyalongtheparabolicorbitsasshowninthefigureandhittheenemyships,assumetheshellshasthesameinitialspeed,whichshipwillbehitfirst?（）

A:ShipAB:ShipBC:MoreinformationisneededD:Bothshipswillbehitatthesametime

答案:ShipBAcarmovesatconstantspeedinahorizontalofradius20.0m,makingacompletecirclein7.0s.Whatistheaccelerationofthecar?（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:

第三章單元測(cè)試

Supposeanastronautlandedonaplanetwhereg=19.6m/s2.Comparedtoearth,woulditbeforhertocatchaballthatismovinghorizontallyat12m/s?(Assumethattheastronaut’sspacesuitisalightweightmodelthatdoesn’timpedehermovementsinanyway.)（）

A:easierB:justaseasyC:harderD:Moreinformationisneededtodetermine

答案:justaseasySatellitesareheldinorbitbytheforceofourplanet’sgravitationalattraction.Asatelliteinasmall-radiusorbitmovesatahigherspeedthanasatelliteinanorbitoflargeradius.Basedonthisinformation,whatyoucanconcludeabouttheearth’sgravitationalattractionforthesatellite?（）

A:Itincreaseswithincreasingdistancefromtheearth.B:Thisinformationbyitselfisn’tenoughtoanswerthequestion.C:Itisthesameatalldistancesfromtheearth.D:Itdecreaseswithincreasingdistancefromtheearth.

答案:Itdecreaseswithincreasingdistancefromtheearth.Atrafficlightofweightwhangsfromtwolightweightcables,oneoneachsideofthelight.Eachcablehangsata45°anglefromthehorizontal.Whatisthetensionineachcable?（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:Thepersonintheelevatorholdsaspringscalewithaheavyobject.Nowthereadingofthespringscalesuddenlybecomeslarger(Thepersonnevermoves).Whatisthemovementoftheelevatoratthistime?（）

A:Theelevatorisnowspeedingup.B:TheelevatornowdeceleratesandrisesC:Theelevatorisnowspeedingdown.D:Theelevatornowrisesupataconstantspeed

答案:Theelevatorisnowspeedingup.Consideraboxthatisplacedondifferentsurfaces.Inwhichsituation(s)istherenofrictionforceactingonthebox?(

)

A:Theboxisontherough-surfacedflatbedofatruck—thetruckisspeedinguponastraight,levelroad,andtheboxremainsinthesameplaceinthemiddleofthetruckbed.

B:Theboxisatrestonaroughtiltedsurface.

C:Theboxisontherough-surfacedflatbedofatruck—thetruckismovingataconstantvelocityonastraightbuttiltedroad,andtheboxremainsinthesameplaceinthemiddleofthetruckbed.D:

Theboxisatrestonaroughhorizontalsurface.

答案:

Theboxisatrestonaroughhorizontalsurface.

第四章單元測(cè)試

Inahydroelectricgeneratingstation,fallingwaterisusedtodriveturbines(“waterwheels”),whichinturnrunelectricgenerators.Comparedtotheamountofgravitationalpotentialenergyreleasedbythefallingwater,howmuchelectricalenergyisproduced?（）

A:thesame;B:more;C:notenoughinformationgiventodecide.D:less.

答案:less.HowmuchworkisdonebytheforceFactingonabodywhenthebodymovesfromx=0mtox=2.0mundertheforceof?（）

A:20JB:-34JC:–24JD:-14J

答案:–24JThetheoremofkineticenergyofaparticlefollowsthattheamountofworkdoneisindependentofthepath.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)Theworkdonebythenetforceonabodyisequaltotheamountthatthekineticenergyofthebodyincreases.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)Abulletofmassm=10gandv=200m/sspeedwasshotintothewoodblock.Theaverageresistanceofwoodblocksis5000N.Thenthedepthofbulletentryis（）.

A:0.4mB:0.02mC:0.04mD:0.4m

答案:0.04m

第五章單元測(cè)試

Foranisolatedsystem,thetotalmomentumofthesystemisconservedwhenthevectorsumoftheexternalforcesiszero.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)Anobjectwithamassof15kgisplacedonthebottomplateofacrane.Ifthebottomplateofthecraneacceleratesupandtheaccelerationis.Given,theimpulseoftheobjectgivenbythebottomplateofthecranewithin2secondsis（）.

A:360kgm/sB:400kgm/sC:180kgm/sD:300kgm/s

答案:360kgm/swhentheimpulseisconstant,thelongertheactiontime,thesmallertheimpulse.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)Anobjectwithamassof2kgisthrownupwardatthespeedof10m/swithaninclinationangleof30o,themagnitudeofimpulsereceivedbytheobjectwhenitmovestothehighestpointis（）.

A:20kgm/sB:36kgm/sC:10kgm/sD:30kgm/s

答案:10kgm/sAstaticobjectburstintothreepieces,twoofwhichhavethesamemass,andthesamespeedof20m/swiththedirectionofperpendiculartoeachother.Themassofthethirdpieceisexactlyequaltothesumoftheothertwopieces,thenthespeedofthethirdpieceis（）.

A:B:C:D:

答案:

第六章單元測(cè)試

Oscillationcanoccuronlywhenthereisarestoringforcetendingtoreturnthesystemtoequilibrium.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)Insimpleharmonicmotiontheperiodandfrequencydonotdependontheamplitude.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)SetTastheperiod,asthefrequencyandastheangularfrequency.Whichofthefollowingexpressionisincorrect（）?

A:B:C:D:

答案:Ablockattachedtoahangingidealspringoscillatesupanddownwithaperiodof10sonearth.IfyoutaketheblockandspringtoMars,wheretheaccelerationduetogravityisonlyabout40%aslargeasonearth,whatwillbethenewperiodofoscillation?（）

A:notenoughinformationgiventodecide.B:morethan10s;C:10s;D:lessthan10s.

答案:10s;Insimpleharmonicmotion,theaccelerationaisgenerallyexpressedas（）.

A:B:C:D:

答案:

第七章單元測(cè)試

Youarestandingontheshoreofalake.Youspotatastyfishswimmingsomedistancebelowthelakesurface.Ifyouwanttospearthefish,shouldyouaimthespear（）.

A:belowtheapparentpositionofthefishB:directlyattheapparentpositionofthefishC:overtheapparentpositionofthefishD:Notenoughinformation

答案:belowtheapparentpositionofthefishYouarestandingontheshoreofalake.Youspotatastyfishswimmingsomedistancebelowthelakesurface.Ifinsteadyouuseahigh-powerlasertosimultaneouslykillandcookthefish,shouldyouaimthelaser（）.

A:overtheapparentpositionofthefish,B:NotenoughinformationC:belowtheapparentpositionofthefish,D:directlyattheapparentpositionofthefish

答案:directlyattheapparentpositionofthefishTheangleofreflectionisequaltotheangleofincidenceforallwavelengthsandforanypairofmaterials.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)Theindexofrefractiondependsnotonlyonthesubstancebutalsoonthewavelengthofthelight.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)thefrequencyofthewavedoesnotchangewhenpassingfromonematerialtoanother.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

第八章單元測(cè)試

Thedirectionofpolarizationofanelectromagneticwaveisdefinedtobethedirectionofthemagnetic-fieldvector.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)whentheangleofincidenceisequaltothepolarizingangle(Brewster’sangle)thereflectedrayandtherefractedrayareperpendiculartoeachother.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)Theunpolarizedlightwithintensityofisincidentontwoparallelidealpolarizers,iftheanglebetweentheaxesofthetwofiltersis60o,theintensitiestransmittedthroughthesecondpolarizeris（）.

A:B:0C:D:

答案:Malus’slawisexpressedas:（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:WhatistheBrewsteranglewhenlightisincidentfromglass()ontothesurfaceofair()？（）

A:33oB:60oC:57oD:30o

答案:33o

第九章單元測(cè)試

Theredlightwiththewavelengthof700nmisincidentonthedoubleslitswiththespacingdof0.022cm,andinterferencefringesareformedonthescreenwiththedistanceDof180cm.Whatisthepositionofthesecondorderbrightfringefromthecentralbrightfringe?（）

A:4.09mmB:11mmC:11.46mmD:10mm

答案:11.46mmThegreenlightwiththewavelengthof500nmisincidentonthedoubleslitswiththespacingdof0.022cm,andinterferencefringesareformedonthescreenwiththedistanceDof180cm.Whatisthespacingbetweentwosuccessivebrightfringes（）.

A:3.08mmB:5.0mmC:4.0mmD:4.09mm

答案:4.09mmTherefractiveindexofsoapfilmintheairis1.33andthethicknessis0.4μm.Ifwhitelight(400~760nm)isincidentnormally,whatcolormaythesoapfilmshow?（）

A:redB:blueC:greenD:yellow

答案:redWhatisthethicknessdifferencebetweentheadjacentbrightinterferencefringesinthethin-filminterferenceofatransparentwedge?（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:Naturallightisincidentnormallyona380nmthicksoapfilmintheair.Iftherefractiveindexofthesoapfilmis1.33,whichwavelengthsoflightisconstructivelyinterferedonthefrontsideofthesoapfilm?（）

A:600nmB:657nmC:601nmD:674nm

答案:674nm

第十章單元測(cè)試

Ifawaveencountersabarrierthathasanopeningofdimensionssimilartothewavelength,thepartofthewavethatpassesthroughtheopeningwilldiffractintotheregionbeyondthebarrier.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)Near-fielddiffractionorFresnel