絕密★啟用前海南省2024—2025學年高二年級學業水平診斷(一)英語考生注意：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有2分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhydoesLindarefusetogototheconcert?A.Shedoesn’tlikeit.B.Shewillwriteabookreport.C.Shehasn’tfinishedherhomework.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Sheisfull.B.Shewantsmorecake.C.Shewilllearncookingfromtheman.4.Whatisthewomantryingtodo?A.Expressherthanks.B.Givesomeadvice.C.Invitethemantodinner.5.Howwillthewomanprobablygototheairport?A.Bybus.B.Bytrain.C.Bytaxi.第二節(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesFrankusuallydoathome?A.Hedoesthewashing.B.Hecleansthehouse.C.Hepreparesthefood.7.WhatdoesFrankthinkKarenshoulddo?A.Relaxmore.B.Studyharder.C.Dosomehousework.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Afive-starhotel.B.Ashortholiday.C.Abustrip.9.Wherecanthemanbuyglassesforhiscousin?A.Inagiftshop.B.Atafactory.C.Fromtheguide.10.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A129pounds.B.240pounds.C.258pounds.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheinterview?A.Satisfied.B.Disappointed.C.Worried.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Expressthanks.B.Makeanapology.C.Taketheofferimmediately.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Givethewomanahand.B.Writeathank-younote.C.Prepareforanotherinterview.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.HostingaTVprogram.B.Givingabiologylesson.C.Holdingaclubmeeting.15.Whendoesthemanusuallygointothefield?A.Ataround4a.m.B.Ataround5a.m.C.Ataround8a.m.16.WhatisunforgettableforthemanintheOkavangoDelta?A.Observingalion.B/Followingatiger.C.Filmingabird.17.Whydidthemotherelephantattackthecar?A.Shewasscaredbyitsnoise.B.Shetriedtoprotectherbaby.C.Shelostherpatience.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Wheredoesthestoryinthemovietakeplace?A.Inamoderncity.B.Inabeautifulvillage.C.Inaseasidetown.19.WhatdoesLukalikedoing?A.Listeningtoothers’stories.B.Takingadventuresoutdoors.C.Spendingtimewithhisfriends.20.Whyisthefriendshipthreatened?A.Lukakeepsaterriblesecretfromhisfriend.B.Luka’sfamilyhastomovetoanothertown.C.Luka’snewfriendisactuallyaseacreature.第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ACommunityCelebrationsJohnBiggersVideoImageAsthe100thbirthdayofthelateJohnBiggersapproachesin2024,theMFAHcelebrateshisachievements.Thesevideospresentaconversationwithartistsheinspired,andalookatthewallpaintinghewasrequestedtopaintdescribinglongshoremen(碼頭工人)ofHouston.IToo,WeTwo!Virtualexperiences—dance,music,spoken-wordperformances,interviews,andmore—payrespecttotheAfricanAmericanartistswhoseworksareonviewintheMuseum’sNancyandRichKinderBuilding.Thetitle“IToo,WeTwo!”suggeststheteamspiritbetweentheEnsembleTheatreandtheMFAHandalsoreferences(參考)theEnsembleTheatre’svirtualproductionI,Too,AmAmerica.Quilts:AMosaicofArtandCommunityMeettheJubileeQuiltCircle,createdinthe1990stoprotectthetraditionofAfricanAmericanquilting(縫被子)whileencouragingpersonalgrowthopportunitiesandexperiencesinHouston.Inthistwo-partvideoseries,learnaboutthecentralcommunityspirithiddenintheartofquilt-makingfromJubileemembers.MyJourneywithFlamencoSeethevariousstylesofflamenco,aformofSpanishsonganddancebasedonthemusictraditionsofsouthernSpainfromthe9thto14thcenturies.ThesevideosfeatureAnaMariaBarceloandthefoundersofHoustonflamencoperformancecompanySoleroFlamenco:JeremiasGarcíaandIrmaLaPaloma.TheexhibitionGloryofSpain:TreasuresfromtheHispanicSocietyMuseum&Libraryprovidestheinspiration.1.WhatcanyoudoinJohnBiggersVideoImage?A.Enjoyapainting.B.Takepartinabirthdaycelebration.C.Communicatewithinspiringartists.D.Admireworksfocusingonthestrugglesoflongshoremen.2.WhatdoIToo,WeTwo!andMyJourneywithFlamencohaveincommon?A.Theystressteamworkintheirvideos. B.Theydisplaylifestylesofdifferentpeoples.C.Theyhavesomethingtodowithmusic. D.TheyareinmemoryofAfricanAmericanartists.3.WhichcelebrationshowsthetraditionalskillsofAfricanAmericans?A.JohnBiggersVideoImage. B.IToo,WeTwo!C.MyJourneywithFlamenco. D.Quills:AMosaicofArtandCommunity.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個與藝術和社區相關的慶?；顒?。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據JohnBiggersVideoImage部分的“Thesevideospresentaconversationwithartistsheinspired,andalookatthewallpaintinghewasrequestedtopaintdescribinglongshoremen(碼頭工人)ofHouston.(這些視頻展示了他與受其啟發的藝術家們的對話，以及他受邀繪制的描繪休斯頓碼頭工人的壁畫。)”可知，可以欣賞壁畫。故選A?！?題詳解】細節理解題。根據IToo,WeTwo!部分的“Virtualexperiences—dance,music,spoken-wordperformances,interviews,andmore—payrespecttotheAfricanAmericanartistswhoseworksareonviewintheMuseum’sNancyandRichKinderBuilding.(虛擬體驗——舞蹈、音樂、朗誦表演、訪談等——向在博物館NancyandRichKinderBuilding展出的非裔美國藝術家致敬。)”和MyJourneywithFlamenco部分的“Seethevariousstylesofflamenco,aformofSpanishsonganddancebasedonthemusictraditionsofsouthernSpainfromthe9thto14thcenturies.(欣賞各種弗拉門戈風格，這是一種基于9世紀至14世紀西班牙南部音樂傳統的西班牙歌舞形式。)”可知，兩個活動都涉及到了音樂元素。故選C?！?題詳解】細節理解題。根據Quilts:AMosaicofArtandCommunity部分的“MeettheJubileeQuiltCircle,createdinthe1990stoprotectthetraditionofAfricanAmericanquilting(縫被子)whileencouragingpersonalgrowthopportunitiesandexperiencesinHouston.(MeettheJubileeQuiltCircle這個組織成立于20世紀90年代，旨在保護非裔美國人的縫被子傳統，同時在休斯頓鼓勵個人成長的機會和經歷。)”可知，Quills:AMosaicofArtandCommunity這個組織的目的是保護非裔美國人的傳統技能——縫被子。故選D。BIn2009,theeconomicdownturnshitmyfamilyandmytownofHamiltonprettyhard.IsetupMissouriStarQuiltCompanyasawayofearningmoneyformyretirementwhiledoingsomethingIloved.Butlikealmosteverysmallbusinessatthetime,MissouriStarwasn’tattractingmuchattention.Tohelpgetthewordout,mysonsuggestedwefilmsometutorials(教程)andpostthemtoYouTube.“I’veneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore.That’sinteresting!”Ianswered.“Butwhatonearthisatutorial?Tellmemoreaboutit.”Backthen,IhadnevervisitedYouTube,butIdecidedtogiveitatry.Isetupmysewingmachine(縫紉機)inacomeroftheshopandmysonbegantoshootourfirstvideoonahandheldcamera.Wedidn’tevenlakethetroubletoclosetheshopdoorbecausetherewerefewcustomers.Thosefirstvideosdidn’talwayslooknice,butIthinkpeopleadmiredmeforthefactthatIwasmakingahobbythatsometimesfeltfrighteningtolearnmoreapproachable.Weekbyweek,westartedseeingourviewsandfollowernumbersgoup.Wefirstgot1,000followers,andthen10,000.Andwhileouronlinefollowingwasgrowing,westartedgettingsomenewvisitorsinreallife,too.Thecustomerspickedup!Andtheywerecomingfromeverywhere.By2012,wehadover250,000followersandoursalesgrewquickly.Wedecidedtoplayapartinimprovingourcommunity.Onebyone,weopened12quiltingshopsandpartneredwithtalentedchefs,cooksandbakersinourcommunitytohelpthemopentheirownbusiness.Inthesmalltownwithapopulationof1,800,MissouriStarQuiltCompanynowemploysover400people.NowweareregularlyreceivinglargegroupsofvisitorstoMissouriStarQuiltCompanyshops.Greatasthosenumbersare,thethingthatmakesmehappiestiswhatIdidinthatveryfirstvideo:teachingsomeonehowtoquilt.I’msohappyYouTubehasgivenmetheopportunitytosharemypassionwithothers.It’smeanttheworldtomysmallbusiness,tomycommunityandtome.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMissouriStarQuiltCompanywhenitwasfirstfounded?A.Itimmediatelybecameahit.B.Ittookupalltheauthor’ssparetime.C.Itfailedtomeettheauthor’sexpectations.D.Itsufferedstrongcompetitionfromothersimilarcompanies.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutherson’ssuggestion?A.Worried. B.Proud. C.Doubtful. D.Curious.6.WhatinfluencehasMissouriStarQuiltCompanyhadonthetown?A.Ithasattractedmanyforeignvisitorstothetown.B.Ithasmadethegovernmentsupportthetowneconomically.C.Ithashelpedthetown’spopulationincreasesignificantly.D.Ithasbroughtbenefitsforthetowninmorethanoneway.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshareapersonalstory. B.Tointroduceasuccessfulcompany.C.Todisplaythepowerofsocialmedia. D.Toshowthepopularityofasmalltown.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在經濟衰退期間為了退休后的生計而創立了MissouriStarQuiltCompany，并通過YouTube教程分享自己的愛好，最終使公司獲得成功并帶動了整個小鎮的發展的故事?！?題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Butlikealmosteverysmallbusinessatthetime,MissouriStarwasn’tattractingmuchattention.(但是，就像當時幾乎所有的小企業一樣，MissouriStar并沒有引起太多的關注。)”可知，MissouriStarQuiltCompany在剛成立時并沒有吸引太多的關注，未能滿足作者的期望。故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段““I’veneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore.That’sinteresting!”Ianswered.“Butwhatonearthisatutorial?Tellmemoreaboutit.”(“我以前從未這樣想過。這很有趣！”我回答道?！暗降资裁词墙坛蹋扛嬖V我更多關于它的信息?！?”可知，作者對兒子的建議表示出了好奇，想了解更多關于教程的信息。故選D。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第五段“Onebyone,weopened12quiltingshopsandpartneredwithtalentedchefs,cooksandbakersinourcommunitytohelpthemopentheirownbusiness.Inthesmalltownwithapopulationof1,800,MissouriStarQuiltCompanynowemploysover400people.(我們一個接一個地開了12家縫紉店，并與我們社區里有才華的廚師、廚師和面包師合作，幫助他們開設自己的企業。在這個只有1800人口的小鎮上，MissouriStarQuiltCompany現在雇傭了400多人。)”可知，MissouriStarQuiltCompany不僅為小鎮帶來了經濟上的發展（雇傭了400多人），還通過與其他企業合作促進了小鎮的多元化發展。因此，該公司以多種方式給小鎮帶來了好處。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“NowweareregularlyreceivinglargegroupsofvisitorstoMissouriStarQuiltCompanyshops.Greatasthosenumbersare,thethingthatmakesmehappiestiswhatIdidinthatveryfirstvideo:teachingsomeonehowtoquilt.I’msohappyYouTubehasgivenmetheopportunitytosharemypassionwithothers.(現在我們經常接待大量到MissouriStarQuiltCompany商店的游客。盡管這些數字很可觀，但最讓我高興的是我在第一個視頻中所做的事情：教別人如何縫制被子。我很高興YouTube給了我與他人分享我的熱情的機會。)”可知，作者通過這篇文章分享了自己的故事，包括如何創立公司、如何在YouTube上分享教程以及公司如何取得成功等。由此可知，作者的目的是分享一個個人故事。故選A。CAsurveyof787membersoftheSocietyofAuthors(SoA)hasfoundthatathirdoftranslatorsandaquarterofillustratorshavelostworktogenerative(生成式)artificialintelligence(AI)systems.TranslatorsarealsomorelikelytouseAItosupporttheirwork,with37%ofthosewhoweresurveyedsayingtheyhavedoneso,followedby25%ofnon-fictionwriters.ThesurveyexplorestheexperiencesofthoseincreativecareerswithAIsystems,andtheirviewsandconcernsaboutthefutureimpactoncreativecareers.Thesurvey’sparticipantsincludewritersoffictionandnon-fiction,playwritersandpoetsaswellasjournalists,illustratorsandtranslators.OnlyoneintenillustratorsreporthavingmadeuseofAIsystemsintheirwork,comparedtoafifthoffictionwritersandaquarterofnon-fictionwriters.Meanwhile,around3in10illustratorsandwriterssaythattheyhaveusedgenerativeAItocomeupwithideas.ThesurveyalsostressesthelevelofconcernaboutthefutureimpactofAIoncreativework,withalmosttwo-thirdsoffictionwritersandoverhalfofnon-fictionwriterssayingthattheybelievegenerativeAIwillimpacttheirfutureincomeinabadway.Thisconcernisevenmoreprevalentamongtranslatorsandillustrators,withalmostthree-quartersfrombothgroupsworriedabouttheirfutureincomebecauseofAI.TheparticipantsallthinkitnecessarytomakelawsongenerativeAIwhenitcomestocopyrightholders’beingaskedforpermission,creditedandcompensated(補償).Commentingonthefindings,theSoAhassaidthatthereis“animmediateneed”forlawsintermsofgenerativeAIsystems.“NooneexpectsgenerativeAIlobeun-invented,andweallknowitspotentialtobeaconvenientandusefultool,”saidNicolaSolomon,chairmanoftheCreators’RightsAllianceandheSoAchiefexecutive.“Butitisnottoolatetoensurethatitisdevelopedaswellasusedinaproperway,andgenerativeAImustremainatooltosupportandenhancehuman-madecreativeworks,notacheapreplacementofthem.”8.WhousesAIleastintheirworkaccordingtothesurvey?A.Translators. B.Illustrators. C.Fictionwriters. D.Non-fictionwriters.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prevalent”inparagraph4mean?A.Common. B.Unacceptable. C.Reasonable. D.Unnecessary.10.Whatisthesurveyparticipants’generalagreement?A.GettingpaidbyAIdevelopers. B.ManagingthedevelopmentofAI.C.StoppingdevelopinggenerativeAI. D.CollectingcommentsongenerativeAI.11.WhatdoesNicolaSolomonsayaboutgenerativeAI?A.It’sstilltooearlytorealizeitspotential. B.Itshouldbelimitedloprofessionaluse.C.Itshouldbedevelopedandusedwisely. D.Itwillbeapowerfultoolforcreativeworks.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文，主要講述了英國作家協會（SoA）對成員進行的一項調查，探討了生成式人工智能（AI）系統對創意職業的影響，包括翻譯家、插畫家、小說作者和非小說作者等職業群體對AI的使用情況、擔憂以及對AI未來發展的看法。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“TranslatorsarealsomorelikelytouseAItosupporttheirwork,with37%ofthosewhoweresurveyedsayingtheyhavedoneso…(翻譯家也更傾向于使用AI來輔助他們的工作，在被調查者中，有37%的人表示他們已經這樣做了……)”和第三段“OnlyoneintenillustratorsreporthavingmadeuseofAIsystemsintheirwork,comparedtoafifthoffictionwritersandaquarterofnon-fictionwriters.(只有十分之一的插畫家報告說他們在工作中使用了AI系統，相比之下，有五分之一的小說作者和四分之一的非小說作者使用了AI。)”可知，插畫家在工作中使用AI的比例最低，只有十分之一。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據上文“ThesurveyalsostressesthelevelofconcernaboutthefutureimpactofAIoncreativework,withalmosttwo-thirdsoffictionwritersandoverhalfofnon-fictionwriterssayingthattheybelievegenerativeAIwillimpacttheirfutureincomeinabadway.(調查還強調了人們對未來AI對創意工作影響擔憂程度，其中近三分之二的小說作者和超過一半的非小說作者表示，他們認為生成式AI將對他們的未來收入產生不利影響。)”和下文“withalmostthree-quartersfrombothgroupsworriedabouttheirfutureincomebecauseofAI.(這兩個群體中有近四分之三的人擔心AI會影響他們的未來收入。)”可知，這種擔憂在翻譯家和插畫家中更為普遍，由此可知，“prevalent”指的是“普遍的、常見的”。故選A?！?0題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第五段“TheparticipantsallthinkitnecessarytomakelawsongenerativeAIwhenitcomestocopyrightholders’beingaskedforpermission,creditedandcompensated.(參與者都認為，在版權所有者被要求授權、獲得認可和補償方面，有必要對生成式AI制定法律。)”可知，參與者普遍認為有必要對生成式AI的發展進行管理，特別是在版權方面。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Butitisnottoolatetoensurethatitisdevelopedaswellasusedinaproperway,andgenerativeAImustremainatooltosupportandenhancehuman-madecreativeworks,notacheapreplacementofthem.(但是，確保它以正確方式開發和使用還不算晚，生成式AI必須仍然是一個支持和增強人類創造性作品的工具，而不是它們的廉價替代品。)”可知，NicolaSolomon認為生成式AI應該被明智地開發和使用。故選C。DScientistssaythedryingGreatSaltLakeinUtahisnowbecomingasignificantcontributortoglobalgreenhousegasemissions(排放)thatarecausingtheclimatelowarm,accordingtoanewstudy.TheGreatSaltLakehasreducedinareabyalmosthalfinrecentyears.“Human-causeddesiccation(干涸)oftheGreatSaltLakeismakinghugeareasofthelakebedcomeintosightandgivingofflargequantitiesofgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere,”saidSorenBrothers,themuseum’sclimatechangecurator.Theresearchersfoundthatthedryinglakebedgaveoff4.1milliontonsofCO2andothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere,whichwouldtranslatetoa7%increaseinUtah’shuman-causedemissions.Accordingtoscientists,4milliontonsofCO2isequaltothetotalannualemissionsof140passengerplanes.Scientistssaythestateisasdryasit’sbeenin1,200years.Thedroughthasbeenmadeworsebyclimatechange.Agriculturehasalsoplayedahugeroleinthelake’spresentsituation.Upstreamwaterdiversions(改道)forfarmsanddairieshaveresultedinlesslowsintothelake.Utah’srapidpopulationgrowthisalsoareason.Thelossofwaterhasseriousimpactsonthelivesofanimalsandpeople.ResearchersinUtahhavebeguntodiscoversharpreductionsinshorebirdpopulationsasaresultofbrineshrimpdyingout.Duststormsandairpollution,bornoutofadried-uplakebed,arealsoamajorconcernforUtahresidents.That’sworrisomeforthemajorityofUtah’s3.3millionpopulationwholivenearthelake.TheGreatSaltLake’slevelshaverebounded(回升)slightlyinrecentyearsduetothelasttwosnowywinters.UtahGov.SpencerCoxpromisedtopreventthelakefromdryinguponhiswatch.“Forgenerations,thelakewasseenaskindofthisdeadthingthatjusthappenstobethereandwillalwaysbethere,”CoxtoldNPRinApril.“Andnowthatpeoplearerealizingthere’sapossibilitythatitmightnotalwaysbehere,thathasremindedpeopleandattractedtheirattentioninapositiveway.”12.Whydoestheauthormentionpassengerplanes?A.Topresentthepromisingfutureoftravellingbyplane.B.TostressmuchCO2hasbeengivenoffbythedryinglake.C.Toshowtheyareamajorcontributortogreenhousegasemissions.D.TocomparetheamountsofCO2givenoffbydifferenthumanactivities.13.What’sthefunctionofthefourthparagraph?A.Toexplainreasons. B.Toprovideevidence.C.Toappealforimmediateaction. D.Tolistpossibleresults.14.WhatisapositivereminderaccordingtoSpencerCox?A.Thebeliefthatthelakewillalwaysbethere.B.Thepromisethatthelakewillbeunderprotection.C.Thefactthatthelakehasstoppedreducinginarea.D.Therealizationthatthelakeislikelytodisappear.15.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatMakestheGreatSaltLakeDryUp?B.HowDoestheGreatSaltLakeRecoverItsWater?C.TheDryingGreatSaltLakeCausesClimateChangeD.TheDryingGreatSaltLakeAffectsUtahPeople’sLives【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了猶他州的大鹽湖因干旱而干涸，成為溫室氣體排放的重要來源，對環境和人類生活產生了嚴重影響。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Theresearchersfoundthatthedryinglakebedgaveoff4.1milliontonsof CO2andothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere,whichwouldtranslatetoa7%increaseinUtah’shuman-causedemissions.Accordingtoscientists,4milliontonsof CO2isequaltothetotalannualemissionsof140passengerplanes.(研究人員發現，干涸的湖床向大氣中釋放了410萬噸的二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體，這相當于增加了猶他州人為排放量的7%。據科學家稱，400萬噸的二氧化碳相當于140架客機的年排放總量)”可知，這里提到140架客機的年排放量是為了突出大鹽湖干涸釋放的二氧化碳量之大。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Scientistssaythestateisasdryasit’sbeenin1,200years.Thedroughthasbeenmadeworsebyclimatechange.Agriculturehasalsoplayedahugeroleinthelake’spresentsituation.Upstreamwaterdiversionsforfarmsanddairieshaveresultedinlesslowsintothelake.Utah’srapidpopulationgrowthisalsoareason.(科學家們表示，該州的干旱程度達到了1200年來最嚴重的水平。氣候變化加劇了干旱。農業也在湖泊目前的狀況中發揮了重要作用。上游為農場和奶牛場改道的水資源導致流入湖泊的水量減少。猶他州的人口快速增長也是一個原因)”可知，本段詳細解釋了大鹽湖水位下降的原因，包括氣候變化、農業用水改道、人口增長等。因此，這一段的主要功能是解釋原因。故選A?！?4題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“SpencerCoxpromisedtopreventthelakefromdryinguponhiswatch.“Forgenerations,thelakewasseenaskindofthisdeadthingthatjusthappenstobethereandwillalwaysbethere,”CoxtoldNPRinApril.“Andnowthatpeoplearerealizingthere’sapossibilitythatitmightnotalwaysbehere,thathasremindedpeopleandattractedtheirattentioninapositiveway.”(SpencerCox承諾在他的任期內防止湖泊干涸?！伴L期以來，湖泊被視為一種死物，只是碰巧在那里，而且會一直存在，”Cox在4月份接受NPR采訪時說，“現在人們意識到它有可能不再存在，這提醒了人們并以積極的方式吸引了他們的注意”)”可知，現在人們意識到大鹽湖有可能不再存在，這提醒了人們并以積極的方式吸引了他們的注意。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據全文內容以及第一段“ScientistssaythedryingGreatSaltLakeinUtahisnowbecomingasignificantcontributortoglobalgreenhousegasemissionsthatarecausingtheclimatelowarm,accordingtoanewstudy.(科學家們根據一項新研究表示，猶他州正在干涸的大鹽湖現在已成為導致氣候變暖的全球溫室氣體排放的重要來源)”可知，本文主要討論了大鹽湖干涸對環境的影響，特別是其成為溫室氣體排放的重要來源，從而加劇了氣候變化。故選C。第二節(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whatisself-discipline(自律)?It’swhatkeepsyoufromeatingtoomanychipswhenyou’reonadietorfrombuyingthingsyoudon’tneed.____16____,butitwilltakepracticeandwillrequireyoutobepatientandkindtoyourself.Herearesomewaysyoucouldstartdevelopingself-discipline:Figureoutyour“why”ViktorFrankl,aHolocaustsurvivorandpsychiatrist,oncesaid,“Thosewhohavea‘why’tolivecanbearwithalmostany‘how’.”Whenyoufindyour“why”,orthereasonwhyyouwanttodosomething,youcanremindyourselfofthesereasonswhenthingsgetdifficult.____17____.Beaware____18____:whattoeat,whentogotobed,orwhetheryoushouldsendthatseeminglyimpropertext.Wecanavoidtemptations(誘惑)orgiveintothem.Forexample,peopleoftensaythatyoushouldnotgogroceryshoppingonanemptystomach.Why?Becauseyouaremorelikelytobuyjunkfoods,snacksorotherhigh-caloriefoods.____19____Ifyoudon’tknowwhereyou’regoing,itmightbeeasiertogetdistracted(分心).Ifthissoundslikeyou,youcancreatealistofclearactionstepsthatyouintendtotakeonadailyorweeklybasisuntilyoureachyourgoal.Whetheryouwanttodevelopgoodhabitsorremovebadhabits,creatingaclearroadmapwillhelpyouachievesuccess.StartsmallAsanoldsayinggoes:“Thejourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithonesinglestep.”Nowthatyouhaveaplan,takeastep.Rememberit’sunrealistictoexpectresultsovernight.____20____,asthiscanleadyoutofeelextremelystressedandmightevencauseyoutoquityourplan.A.DevelopaplanB.AimhighandthinkbigC.Don’ttrytodoeverythinginoneweekD.EverydayyoumakedecisionsabouthowyouliveE.Self-disciplineisaskillandanyonecanimproveitF.Thishelpsyoukeepself-disciplinedevenindifficultsituationsG.Youneedtouseyourwillpowertoresisttemptationsthatsurroundyou【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.A20.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何培養自律。【16題詳解】根據上文“Whatisself-discipline(自律)?It’swhatkeepsyoufromeatingtoomanychipswhenyou’reonadietorfrombuyingthingsyoudon’tneed.(自律是什么？自律就是在你節食時阻止自己吃過多的薯片，或是在你不需要的時候阻止自己去購買東西。)”和下文“butitwilltakepracticeandwillrequireyoutobepatientandkindtoyourself(但它需要實踐，并需要你對自己有耐心和善意。)”可知，空處需要連接前后文，并指出自律的性質或特點。選項E“自律是一種技能，任何人都可以提高它”符合語境，既承接了前文對自律的定義，又為后文提到的實踐和提高提供了鋪墊。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據上文“Whenyoufindyour“why”,orthereasonwhyyouwanttodosomething,youcanremindyourselfofthesereasonswhenthingsgetdifficult.(當你找到了自己的“為什么”，也就是你為何想要做某事的理由時，在遇到困難時，你就可以用這些理由來提醒自己。)”可知，上文提到找到“為什么”要做某事的理由，在困難時可以提醒自己?？仗幮枰M一步解釋這一觀點，說明找到“為什么”的重要性。選項F“這有助于你在困難情況下也保持自律”符合語境，它強調了找到“為什么”對于保持自律的重要性。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據下文“whattoeat,whentogotobed,orwhetheryoushouldsendthatseeminglyimpropertext.(吃什么，什么時候睡覺，或者是否應該發送那條看似不太合適的短信。)”可知，列舉了日常生活中需要做出的決定，如吃什么、什么時候睡覺等。空處需要引出這些決定，并指出它們的重要性。選項D“你每天都要決定如何生活”符合語境，它概括了后文列舉的決定，并強調了每天做決定的重要性。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據下文“Ifyoudon’tknowwhereyou’regoing,itmightbeeasiertogetdistracted(分心).Ifthissoundslikeyou,youcancreatealistofclearactionstepsthatyouintendtotakeonadailyorweeklybasisuntilyoureachyourgoal.(如果你不知道自己要去哪里，那么你就更容易分心。如果這聽起來像你，那么你可以制定一份明確的行動計劃，列出你打算每天或每周采取的行動步驟，直到你達到目標。)”可知，下文提到“如果你不知道自己要去哪里，就更容易分心”，并建議制定一個清晰的行動計劃?？仗幮枰鲋贫ㄓ媱澋闹匾?。選項A“制定一個計劃”符合語境，它直接對應了后文的內容，并強調了制定計劃的重要性。故選A。【20題詳解】根據上文“Rememberit’sunrealistictoexpectresultsovernight.(記住，期望一夜之間就看到成果是不現實的。)”可知，空處需要進一步強調不要急于求成。選項C“不要試圖在一周內完成所有事情”符合語境，它進一步強調了耐心和逐步推進的重要性，避免因為急于求成而感到極度壓力甚至放棄計劃。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。CesareMencarinigraduatedfromhighschoolinEnglandwithexcellentgrades.Buthewasmoreexcitedabouthis____21____—buildingaworkingnuclearfusionreactor(核聚變反應堆).CesaregrewupinItaly,buthisfamilymovedtoCardiff,Englandtwoyearsagobecausehisfather____22____anewjobthere.Asachild,Cesare____23____aninterestinelectronics.AtCardiff,afterseeingavideoaboutsomeonebuildingafusionreactor,Cesarewas____24____tobuildone,too.Buttheschool____25____hisideaatfirst.Cesaredidn’tgiveup.____26____,hetriedhisbesttopersuadehisteachers.____27____,afteracompletesafetyreview,andwithanextraadvisorofferingtohelpout,theschoolgavein.Cesare’sregularclassesweren’tgivinghimenough____28____tobuildafusionreactor.Sohespentcountlesshoursdoingresearch,____29____informationontheInterment,andwatchingvideos.“We’relivinginanagewhenalmosteverythingis______30______online,”hesays.Whenhefacedaproblem,hewouldread,watch10or15videos,andthentryto______31______it.Healsojoinedawebsiteinordertoreceive______32______fromscientistswithmoreexperience.AsaresultofCesare’scontinuouseffort,attheveryendoftheschoolyearlastJune,thereactorwas______33______.Cesarewasoneoftheyoungeststudentstohavecreatedsuchanadvancedfusionreactor.Forhim,itwasn’t______34______aboutthereactor.Itwasalsoaboutlearningbydoing,andabout______35______withotherpeopledoingsimilarthings.21.A.solution B.agreement C.achievement D.task22.A.created B.landed C.required D.refused23.A.developed B.quit C.adjusted D.shared24.A.invited B.allowed C.taught D.inspired25.A.ignored B.checked C.challenged D.improved26.A.Instead B.Therefore C.Still D.Otherwise27.A.Byallmeans B.Onpurpose C.Afterall D.Intheend28.A.attention B.knowledge C.time D.freedom29.A.spreading B.collecting C.forecasting D.correcting30.A.suitable B.safe C.available D.impressive31.A.consider B.identify C.record D.fix32.A.payment B.protection C.praise D.advice33.A.replaced B.discovered C.completed D.distinguished34.A.actually B.hardly C.simply D.usually35.A.arguing B.connecting C.competing D.living【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.A27.D28.B29.B30.C31.D32.D33.C34.C35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。通過講述Cesare建造核聚變反應堆的經歷，展現他對自己興趣愛好的執著追求以及在面對困難時堅持不懈、積極尋求解決辦法的精神品質?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但他對自己的成就更興奮——建造了一個正在運作的核聚變反應堆。A.solution解決方案；B.agreement協議；C.achievement成就；D.task任務。根據下文“buildingaworkingnuclearfusionreactor”可知，建造了一個正在運作的核聚變反應堆是他的成就，故選C項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Cesare在意大利長大，但兩年前他的家人搬到了英國的卡迪夫，因為他的父親在那里找到了一份新工作。A.created創建；B.landed獲得；C.required需要；D.refused