Period2

UNIT4

HUMOUR主題語境人與社會——文學與藝術

SectionⅢ

WRITINGWORKSHOP&READINGCLUB本單元的寫作任務是寫一則有趣的故事，屬于記敘文的范疇。(一)基本框架開頭(thebeginning)——引出故事；主體(themiddle)——具體過程；結尾(theending)——自我感受。寫一篇小故事課時學案寫作(二)常用表達1．Oneday,TylerwastalkingwhileIwasteaching．有一天，泰勒在我上課的時候說話。2．Inthemiddleofthelesson,Isaid,“Tyler,whydon'tyoujoininourdiscussioninsteadofhavingoneofyourown？”

課上到一半，我說：“泰勒，你為什么不加入我們的討論，而不是自己討論呢？”3．Withthat,hegotupfromhischair,pusheditoverandyelledsomething,somedirtywordsevenincluded．說著，他從椅子上站起來，把椅子推到一邊，大喊大叫，甚至還說一些臟話。4．Tothispointthiswasoneofmyworstteachingexperiences．到目前為止，這是我最糟糕的教學經歷之一。5．Suddenly,theballflewintoadeepholeattheedgeoftheyard．突然，球飛進了院子邊上的一個深洞里。請根據下面的情節(jié)，展開合理的想象，寫一篇幽默故事：杰克是一所學院的足球教練，他竭力想物色好球員。一天，杰克帶著一位優(yōu)秀的年輕球員去見院長，希望院方同意他免試入學。院長問那個學生五乘七等于多少，學生想了很久，回答說三十六。院長絕望地看了看杰克。可是杰克認真地說，“噢，錄取他吧，先生！他的答案只錯了一個數(shù)。”注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[審題構思]1．確定體裁：記敘文；2．確定人稱：第三人稱；3．確定時態(tài)：一般過去時為主；4．確定內容：①介紹故事背景；②介紹錄取的過程；③介紹出乎意料的結果。[遣詞造句]1．杰克是一所學院的足球隊教練，他竭力想物色好球員。Jackwasafootballcoachatacollege，andhe______________________________________．2．一天，杰克帶著一位優(yōu)秀的年輕球員去見院長，希望院方同意他免試入學。OnedayJackbroughtanexcellentyoungplayertothedean，__________________________________________________________________________．wasalwaystryingtofindgoodplayerswishingthatthestudentcouldbeadmittedtothecollegewithoutanexamination3．院長問那個學生：“五乘七等于多少？”Thedeanaskedthestudent，“_________________________”4．學生想了很久，回答說：“三十六。”Thestudent_______________________andanswered，“Thirty-six．”5．院長攤開雙手絕望地看著杰克。Thedeanthrewuphishands，and_________________________．What'sfivetimesseven？thoughtforalongtimelookedatJackindespair6．杰克認真地說，“哦，錄取他吧，先生！他的答案只錯了一個數(shù)。”Jacksaidearnestly，“Oh，pleaselethimin，sir！Hisanswerwas_________________．”onlywrongbyone[句式升級]1．用定語從句改寫句1_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2．用動詞-ing形式短語作伴隨狀語改寫句5___________________________________________________________Jackwasafootballcoachatacollege，whowasalwaystryingtofindgoodplayers．Thedeanthrewuphishands，lookingatJackindespair．[連句成篇](注意使用適當?shù)你暯舆^渡詞語)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[參考范文]Jackwasafootballcoachatacollege，whowasalwaystryingtofindgoodplayers．OnedayJackbroughtanexcellentyoungplayertothedean，wishingthatthestudentcouldbeadmittedtothecollegewithoutanexamination．However，thedeanaskedthestudent，“What'sfivetimesseven？”Thestudentthoughtforalongtimeandanswered，“Thirty-six．”Thedeanthrewuphishands，lookingatJackindespair．ButJacksaidearnestly，“Oh，pleaselethimin，sir！Hisanswerwasonlywrongbyone．”[詞塊積累]1．inlowspirits心情不好2．sob/weepwithone'sfacehiddeninone'shands掩面啜泣

3．greatsorrowcloudssb．'seyes滿眼憂傷4．beovercomewithsorrow悲痛欲絕5．makeone'sheartbleed使某人悲痛心理描寫

“悲傷”6．shedsilenttears潸然淚下7．aflashofgriefcameuponsb．感到一陣悲傷8．tearsswiminsb．'seyes淚水在眼里打轉9．hang/drop/lower/bend/bowone'sheadinsadness傷心地低下頭

10．havetearsinone'seyes/eyesfillwithone'shands眼里噙著淚11．tearsroll/run/stream/flowdownsb．'scheeks/tearswellup悲傷不已12．burstintotears/burstoutcrying突然痛哭[佳句積累]1．Shestoodsilently,(with)tearsrolling/streamingdownhercheeks．她靜靜地站著，眼淚順著臉頰流下來。2．Herhandswereshaking,withhereyesfilledwithtears．她的手在顫抖，眼里滿含著淚水。3．Shesobbed,hidingherfaceinherhands．她掩面啜泣。4．Shetriedtofightbacktears,butinvain．她努力忍住眼淚，但是沒忍住。5．Turningaround,sheburstintotears．轉過身去，她大哭起來。6．Histearssplashedontheground．他的眼淚濺到地上。7．Danielhashisarmscrossedandlookedupset．丹尼爾雙臂交叉抱在胸前，神情沮喪。8．Whenheembracedmewithhisarmswideopen,Ifeltmythroatchokewithsobs．當他張開雙臂擁抱我時，我感覺自己的嗓子哽住了。9．Shesobbedoutthestoryofherson'sunfortunateexperience．她哭訴著說自己兒子的不幸遭遇。閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Radziwasthefirstoutoftheplane．Hecollectedhisluggageandquicklymadehiswaytothearrival,hardlyabletocontainhisexcitementatmeetinghisfamilyaftersixyearsabroad．Helookedaroundexpectantly,hopingtohearhisvoicebeingcalledoutbutheheardnosweetvoices．Heturnedaroundandsawhisparents,theirdearfacesshiningwithprideandpleasurebutofhisteenagetwinsisters—none．Therewasnosignofthem．“Theymustbehidingsomewhere—theylovetoplayhide-and-seek．”Hisfathersmiledbutsaidnothing．Hismotherkeptonhugginghimnotallowinghimtosayanything．Hisfathermurmured,“Let'sgethome．They'rewaitingforusathome．”

Radzismiled,relievedtoknowtheywereathome．HekeptontalkingabouthowhetouredEuropeasWaniaskedhimtoinherletterandhewasratherpuzzledwheneverhisparentsexchangedglances．Reachinghome,hespiedalonefigureatthedoor．“Whyone?Thereshouldbetwo．”Thetwinswereinseparablebutitcouldbethatsixyearshadmadeallthedifference．Asthatlonefigurerushedtowardshim,hethoughtitwasWanibutshesaidshewasWati．Soitmustbe．Hereallycouldnotdifferentiatebetweenthetwoofthemandtheyhadfundeceivinghimallthetime．Andtheyreallyhadalotoflaughteroverhismistakingonefortheother．“Where'sWani？”“Inyourbedroom．”“Wani,Bang'shome．”Hewalkedintohisroomandreadthewords“WelcomeHome,DrRadzi！”Hetrustedhistwinsisterstobesodramatic!Hewasstudyingmedicineasadoctorandhehadbeenfocusingonhisfinalexaminationswhichneededmuchconcentration．Watiinvitedhimtogodownstreamtotheirfavouritehideout．“Bang,IwishtobealonewithyouwithoutWani．Wanicanwaitherturn．”注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2．請按如下格式作答。Inaquietsadandserioustone,sherelatedwhathadhappenedtoWani．_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hetooktheletterandwalkedtothegraveyard．___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[參考范文]Inaquietsadandserioustone,sherelatedwhathadhappenedtoWani．Ayearago,Wanifellseriouslyillandwasdiagnosedwithcancer．EveryonewantedtotellRadzibutWanibeggedthemnottoashewassittingforhisfinalsandshedidnotwanthimtoloseallconcentrationandbesoupset．Everyonehadtopromiseandevenafterhisfinals,shewrotehimtotourEuropebeforecominghome．ShesenthimphotosofherwithWati,smiling,cheerful,andhealthy．Radzi

wasstunnedandaskedinagony,“Howcouldshe?Whydidyouletherdoit?Why?Why?”

Watikeptsilent．Allshecoulddowastohugherbrother,comfortinghimashesobbedhisheartout．Whenthetearsdriedup,Watiheldoutaletter．Radzi

recognisedthehandwriting．Hetooktheletterandwalkedtothegraveyard．

Watiwentwithhim,thenlefthimtoreadtheletterandtobealoneinspiritwithhisbelovedsister．“Bang,pleasedon'tgrieve．Remembermeasthehealthy,cheerful,fun-lovingsister．Treasureourpastmomentsandkeepmealwaysinyourheart．Watiiswithyou．Inher,youseeme．Iwanttobeadoctorlikeyou．Ican'tbutyouareonenow．BethebestdoctorIknow．Iamproudofyou．”Ashereadherletter,astrangepeacefellonhim．Itwasasthoughshewasbesidehim,comfortinghimandholdinghishand．Helookedaround,sawWatiandshesmiled．InWati,hesawWani．HewalkeduptoWati,tookherhand．Together,thebrotherandsisterwalkedhomeinthesilenceofthequietevening．Ⅰ．閱讀理解AOneofthegreatestsourcesofunhappiness，inmyexperience，isthedifficultywehaveinacceptingthingsastheyare．

Whenweseesomethingwedon'tlike，wewishitcouldbedifferent．Wecryoutforsomethingbetter．Thatmaybehumannature，課時分層作業(yè)（三）orperhapsit'ssomethingingrained(根深蒂固的)inourculture．Therootoftheunhappinessisn'tnecessarythatwewantthingstobedifferent．However，it'sthatwedecidedwedidn'tlikeitinthefirstplace．We'vejudgeditasbad，ratherthansaying，“It'snotbadorgood，anditjustisit．”Inoneofmybooks，Isaid,“Youshouldexpectpeopletomessupandexpectthingstogodifferentlythanyouplanned．”Somereaderssaidit'stoosorrowfultoexpectthingstogowrong．However，it'sonlynegativeifyouseeitasnegativeandjudgeitasbad．Instead，youcouldacceptitasthewaytheworldworksandtrytounderstandwhythatis．

Thiscanbeappliedtowhateveryoudo:howotherpeopleactatwork，howpoliticsworksandhowdepressingthenewsmediacanbe．Acceptthesethingsastheyare，andtrytounderstandwhythey'rethatway．

Itwillsaveyoualotofsadness，becauseyou'llnolongersay，“Oh．Iwishbadthingsdidn'thappen！”Doesitmeanyoucanneverchangethings?Notatall．Butchangethingsnotbecauseyoucan'tacceptthingsastheyare，butbecauseyouenjoytheprocessofchanging，learningandgrowing．

Canwemakethisworldabetterplace?Youcansaythatyou'llcontinuetotrytodothingstohelpothers，togrowasaperson，tomakeadifferenceinthisworld．That'sthecorrectpathyouchoosetotake，becauseyouenjoythatpath．Therefore，whenyoufindyourselfjudgingandwishingfordifference，tryadifferentapproach:accept，andunderstand．Itmightleadtosomeinterestingresults．

【語篇解讀】

本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了接受能讓我們的生活更快樂、更美好。1．Theauthorbelievesthatwefeelunhappymaybebecause________．A．itisournaturalemotioninthelifeB．cultureasksustobedifferentfromothersC．everyonehastheirownopinionsonthingsD．wedislikesomethinginthebeginningD

[推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Therootoftheunhappiness...inthefirstplace．”可知，作者認為人們不快樂的根源是從開始就不喜歡某些東西。故選D。]√2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph4referto?A．Actingwellatworkandinpolitics．B．Feelingdepressedforthenewsmedia．C．Acceptingandunderstandingwhathashappened．D．Sayingsomethingnegativewhenbadthingscome．√C

[代詞指代題。根據上句“接受這些事情的本來面目，試著去理解它們?yōu)槭裁磿@樣。它會幫你省去很多悲傷，因為你不會再說：‘哦。我希望壞事不要發(fā)生！’”由此可推知，It指的是“接受并理解發(fā)生了什么。”故選C。]3．Whatareyouadvisedaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Helpothersandmakeadifference．B．Enjoywhatyouhavetodointhework．C．Judgeyourselfandmakeawishforyou．D．Tryanewwaywhenmakingtheworldbetter．D

[推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后一句可知，作者建議我們嘗試一種新的方式，讓世界變得更美好。故選D。]√4．Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A．Acceptingcanmakeourlifehappierandbetter．B．Expectingthingstobedifferentgivesushope．C．Traditionalculturebecomesrootofunhappiness．D．Judginggoodorbadisimportantforourworld．A

[主旨大意題。根據第一段“Oneofthegreatestsourcesofunhappiness...astheyare．”和最后一段中的“tryadifferentapproach:accept，andunderstand”可知，本文講述的是“接受能讓我們的生活更快樂、更美好。”故選A。]√BIncludingajokeinthetitleofapapercouldpayoffintermsofcitations(引用),accordingtoastudy．Thefindingwhichhasnotbeenprovedbypeerssuggeststhatresearcherscouldgaincitationsbygivingtheirpapersamusingtitleswhilesomesaytheevidenceistooweaktosupporttheconclusion．Jokessometimesfindtheirwayintoacademicpapers．“Oneplacewhereweoftenseehumourisintitles,butthere'saverysmallamountofliteratureaboutwhetherthisisreasonable，”saysleadauthorStephenHeard,anevolutionaryecologist．Toinvestigatewhetherhavingafunnytitlecouldboostapaper'sreadershipandcitations,Heardandhiscolleaguesaskedvolunteerstoscorethetitlesof2，439papersaccordingtohowamusingtheywere．Thescorersassessedhumouronaseven-pointscale,fromzero(serioustitles)tosix(extremelyfunny)．Theresearchersthenlookedforalinkbetweenpapers'

humourscoresandthenumberofcitationstheyhadreceived,includingself-citationsbytheirownauthors．Paperswithfunnytitleswerecitedslightlylessoftenthanthosewithmoreseriousorstraightforwardtitles．However,paperswithmoreamusingtitlesalsotendedtohavefewerself-citations,whichledHeard'steamtoinferthatscientistsmightgivefunniertitlestolessimportantpapers．“Ourassumptionisthatauthorsdon'tcitetheirownpaperssubsequentlybecausetheydon'tthinkthatthosearetheirmostimportantpapers，”Heardsays．Aftercontrollingforself-citationsasameasureofapaper'simportance,theresearchersfoundthatarticleswithfunnytitlesareinfactcitedmorethanthosewithserioustitles．Forexample,paperswithtitlesthatgotascoreofsixhadnearlytwiceasmanycitationsonaverageasthosewhosetitlesgotahumourscoreoffour．Butsomeresearchersarguedthatself-citationsmightnotbeagoodcriterionforapaper'simportance．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關于學術論文標題中包含笑話是否會增加引用次數(shù)的一項研究。5．Thefindingofthestudycanbebestdescribedas__________accordingtothefirstparagraph．A．awidelyacceptedbeliefB．somethingsurprisingC．awhollyresistedopinionD．somethingstillindebate√D

[細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“Thefindingwhichhasnotbeenprovedbypeerssuggeststhatresearcherscouldgaincitationsbygivingtheirpapersamusingtitleswhilesomesaytheevidenceistooweaktosupporttheconclusion．”可知，這項研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)并未被同行證實，有些同行認為證據不足，因而研究成果還存在爭議。故選D。]6．Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthefirststageofthestudy?A．Byenquiringaboutvolunteers'attitudestowardfunnytitles．B．Byaskingparticipantstodividethosetitlesintosevenranks．C．Bymatchingthepapers'scoreswiththevolunteers'likes．D．Bydigitalisingthecitationsintovariousscoresofhumour．√B

[細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“Toinvestigatewhetherhavingafunnytitlecouldboostapaper'sreadershipandcitations,Heardandhiscolleaguesaskedvolunteerstoscorethetitlesof2，439papersaccordingtohowamusingtheywere．”可知，研究者在研究的起始階段讓志愿者對論文標題的趣味性進行評分。故選B。]7．WhichofthefollowingstatementswillHeardmostprobablyagreewith?A．Includingajokeinanessayisbynomeansagoodattempt．B．Self-citationsdon'tserveasagoodstandardfortheresearch．C．Articleswithfewerself-citationstendtobeunimportanttotheauthors．D．Scientistsshouldstoptheirself-citationstoguaranteeacademicfairness．√C

[推理判斷題。根據文章第四段中的“However,paperswithmoreamusingtitlesalsotendedtohavefewerself-citations,whichledHeard'steamtoinferthatscientistsmigh