PAGEUnit1ScienceFictionReadingandThinkingⅠ.用所給詞的適當形式填空1.Thenewrobotisgoingtobetested(test)outbyLarry’swife,Claire.

2.Jackdidn’tanswermyquestionandhisfacial(face)expressiondidn’tchange.3.Theboyfeltembarrassed(embarrass)athismistakingastrangerforhisteacher.4.Ithinkbothofthemwillbegladtoaccompany(accompany)ourhonoredguest.

5.Peoplearediscouragedfromparticipatingintoomanyon-siteappointments(appointment)inordertostopfurtherspreadofthevirus.6.Bythesideofthetempletherestands(stand)theDruggistPagoda.7.Theyhavesuspended(suspend)thedeliverysofarastheyhavetocheckthequalityoftheirgoods.

8.Itisbettertodismiss(dismiss)theplayerasheoftenmakestroubleanddoesn’tworkhard.

9.Areyoucarryinganyitemsthatneedtobedeclared(declare)?

10.We’llbearriving(arrive)bycaraboutteno’clockonFridaynight.Ⅱ.選詞填空testout,experimentwith,onabusinesstrip,morelike,lookafter,orrather,godowntown,intime,comeupwith,makeanappointmentwith1.Shebehavestowardsmemorelikeafriendthanamother.

2.Iamgoingonabusinesstripwithmybosstomorrow.

3.Theuniversitystudentswilltestoutthecomputerprogramforanybugs.

4.Weshouldadvertiseforsomeonetolookafterthegarden.

5.Scientistsexperimentedwithmilitaryrocketsintheearlyresearch,whichpreparedthegroundforspacetravel.

6.Americans,orratherAfro-Americansaregoodatjazzmusic.

7.Itisnecessaryforyoutomakeanappointmentwiththedoctorbeforeyougotoseehim.

8.Basedonthisplan,themunicipalgovernmenthascomeupwith78detailedtasks,ofwhich45havebeencompletedsofar.

9.Hebrakedhiscarjustintimetoavoidanaccident.

10.IwillneedtogodowntowntotheBankthisafternoon.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.It’sridiculousthatweshouldhavetoqueue,whenwehavealreadygotourtickets.

我們已經拿到了票,盡然還要排隊,這很可笑。2.Iamfirmlypersuadedthat(勸服)suchisthefact.

3.Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked(鎖著門).

4.Iadmirehistalent(觀賞他的才華)forputtingdifferentelements,colorsandlayersintocontemporaryandfunctionalfashiondesign.

5.Hewasdrawnonbythehopeofimprovinghisownsocialposition(提高自己的社會地位)andthatofhisfamily.

6.Thiscompanypromisedtooffer(承諾供應)real-timetourismproductinventorywithcompetitivepricestoitscompetitors.

7.Thepicturewasnailedonthewallsothatwecouldremindourselvesofourgoals.

這張照片被釘在墻上,以便于我們可以提示自己我們的目標。8.Througheffortonourpart,someofthemmaychangetheirattitude(變更他們的看法),butperhapsnotallcandoso.

9.Onthetopofthemountainstandsanancienttower(聳立著一座古塔).

10.Muchtoouramazement,theydeclaredwaronus(對我們宣戰).

Ⅰ.閱讀理解Robotshavecertainadvantagescomparedtohumans:Theyareefficient,tireless,canberepairedwhendamagedandtheynevergetsick.ThislasttraithasmadethemthestarduringourfightagainsttheCOVID-19pandemic.Whilehundredsofthousandsofmedicalworkershavefallenilldealingwiththishighlyinfectiousvirusandalotmoreareforcedtostayathomeforfearofgettingthedisease,thisisn’taproblemforrobots.ThisiswhytheCOVID-19outbreakisseenasthe“tippingpoint”—notedTheIndependentSciencereporterAnthonyCuthbertsonforrobotstostarttoreplacehumansincertainjobs.Inareaslikehospitalsandhealthcarefacilities,robotsareusedtoperformhigh-risktasks.InChina,forexample,ahotelinHangzhouemployedarobotnamed“LittlePeanut”todeliverfoodtopeopleunderquarantine(隔離期).InSpain,robotsareabouttobeusedtotestpeopleforthecoronavirus.Ultraviolet-light-disinfection(紫外線消毒)robotsarealsobeingwidelyusedtocleanhospitalcorridorsandwards.“Hospitalsaroundtheworldarewakinguptoautonomousdisinfection,”PerJuulNielsen,CEOofDenmark’sUVDRobots,aleadingcompanymanufacturingdisinfectionrobots,toldForbes.“Wecan’tbuildtheserobotsfastenough.”Innon-medicalcompanies,robotsarealsoreplacinghumanemployeessincetheydon’thavetheproblemofsocialdistancingandwillnevertakesickleave.WalmartandAmazon,forexample,whererobotsarealreadyusedinsorting,packingandshipping,areplanningtoincreasethenumberofrobotsintheirfacilities.Fast-foodchainslikeMcDonald’sarenotonlydeliveringfoodwithrobotsinsomeareas,butalsolookingtousethemascooksandservers.AccordingtofuturistMartinFord,usingmorerobotsthanhumanemployeescanprovetoberewardingforcompaniesevenwhenthepandemicisover.“Peoplewillprefertogotoaplacethathasfewerworkersandmoremachinesbecausetheyfeeltheycanloweroverallrisk,”FordtoldtheBBC.Butthissuddensurge(激增)inrobotdemanddoesn’tmeanthattheytriumphoverhumansineveryaspect.AccordingtoBillSmart,aroboticistatOregonItmightbetruethatrobotshavecertainadvantagesoverhumans,buttheyarestillsecondarytohumaninteraction.【文章大意】這是一篇科普說明文。通過實例說明機器人的用途:在與新冠病毒疫情作斗爭中發揮作用,能代替人類做一些人類所不能做的工作等,但這不代表機器人最終能代替人類。機器人的確有優點,但仍舊在人類互動上略輸一籌。1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofrobotscomparedtohumans.B.DifferentviewstowardapplyingrobotstofightagainstCOVID-19.C.WhytheCOVID-19outbreakhasfueledrobotdemand.D.Theimportantrolehumansplayincertainareas.【解析】選C。主旨大意題。依據其次段第一句“這正是為什么新冠疫情爆發被看作是機器人在某些特定的工作中起先代替人類的轉折點的緣由。”及下文接著講機器人是如何代替人類做一些特定工作的。可以推斷出新冠疫情的爆發,事實上促進了機器人的運用、發展和壯大,故選C。2.Whathasmaderobotsdesirableduringthepandemicaccordingtothetext?A.Theycanberepairedwhendamaged.B.Theytestpeopleforcoronavirusmoreprecisely.C.Theynevergettiredandcanreplacedoctorsandnurses.D.Theyarenotvulnerabletothecoronavirus.【解析】選D。細微環節理解題。依據文章第一段中“theynevergetsick.ThislasttraithasmadethemthestarduringourfightagainsttheCOVID-19pandemic.”可知,機器人不會生病,它們不受新冠病毒的損害,所以受到人們的歡迎。故選D。3.WhatdoesMartinFordthinkoftheapplicationofrobots?A.Itsbenefitsareappealingandlasting.B.Machinesarelessdisturbingthanhumans.C.Itposesathreattohumanemployment.D.Therearesomeriskswiththeuseofrobots.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據將來主義者馬丁·福特的觀點,運用更多的機器人而不是更多的勞動力能夠證明這對公司是有回報的。哪怕是在疫情結束以后。可知選A。4.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Thedemandforrobotsistoogreattomeet.B.Humaninteractionisessentialinsomeareas.C.Doctorscanmakemoreaccuratejudgmentsthanrobots.D.Robotsneedupdatingtoimprovecontactwithhumans.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據倒數其次段可知機器人雖然可以替代人類做一些事情,但僅限于做一些機械的工作,比如日常事務等。而在人類情感溝通方面,機器人卻達不到要求。這說明人與人之間最重要的超越機器人的品質就是能夠互動。因此文章最終一段提到或許機器人在某些特定的品質上優于人類,但它們在人類互動上仍舊略輸一籌。故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀填句依據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。SecretsofPeopleWhoStayHappyinSetbacks(挫折)Badthingshappenbothpersonallyandprofessionally.Inthefaceofthesesetbacks,somepeopleseemtofallapart,whileothersfindwaystomoveforwardandcontinuetogetthingsdone.Aretherethingsyoucandotoberesilient(有適應力的)?1

Understandwhatyoucancontrolandwhatyoucan’t.Thefirstistobeclearaboutwhatfactorsareunderyourcontrol.2Asyouareoccupiedinthoseactions,youwillfindthatyoufeelbetteraboutyourworkandwillalsobemoreproductive.

Surroundyourselfwithpeopleevenifyoudon’tfeellikeit.Next,engagewithotherpeople.Whenyouaresadorstressed,youoftendon’twanttobearoundothers.3Whenyoutalkaboutwhatismakingyousadoranxious,youoftenfindthatotherpeoplehavehadsimilarexperiencesthattheycanshare.Inaddition,socialconnectionismotivatingandcanhelpyoutofocusontasksthatneedtobedone.

4Finally,gooutofyourwaytogiveapositiveinterpretation(理解)oftheactionsofothers.Yournegativethoughtswillinfluencetheinterpretationyougivetotheiractionsthatcancauseyoutointeractwiththeirangerormistrust.Theywillnoticeyourattitudeandtreatyouaccordingly.Similarly,whenyouinterprettheactionsofotherpeoplepositively,youaremorelikelytocreategoodinteractionswithothers.

5Theywillalsohelpyoufeelbetter,becauseeachsuccessyouhavewillboostyourattitudetowardthefuture.

A.Lookforaneasywin.B.Giveeveryonethebenefitofthedoubt.C.Theanswertothisquestionisyes—toapoint.D.Butthereareseveraladvantagestosocialengagement.E.Focusonactionsyoucantakethatwillmakeyoursituationbetter.F.Thesestrategieswillhelpyoutominimizetheinfluenceofbadeventsonyourlife.G.Instead,findsomethinginyourworklifethatyoucancompletequicklyandsuccessfully.【文章大意】這是一篇爭論文。作者談論了在挫折中保持歡樂的隱私。1.【解析】選C。上文提到:你是否可以做些什么來提升適應力呢?這里提出了一個問題,該空回答這個問題。C選項“在某種程度上,這個問題的答案是確定的”很好地承接了上文。選項中的thisquestion是關鍵詞,指代上文中提出的問題。2.【解析】選E。上文提到“首先要清晰哪些因素在你的限制之下。”該空“專注于你可以實行的行動,這會讓你的境況變得更好。”這正是上文“清晰在你限制之下的因素”的詳細體現。E選項中的makeyoursituationbetter對應下文中的feelbetteraboutyourworkandwillalsobemoreproductive。3.【解析】選D。上文,當你感到哀痛或有壓力時,你通常不想和別人在一起。設空處表示轉折,但是,參與社交活動是有好處的。D選項承接上下文,選項中的socialengagement對應下文中的thatotherpeoplehavehadsimilarexperiencesthattheycanshare。4.【解析】選B。下文“最終,對別人的行為做出主動的說明。”B選項“假定每個人都是無辜的”適合作本段落的小標題,選項中的“benefit”對應下文中的positive。5.【解析】選F。下文“它們也會讓你感覺更好,因為每一次勝利都會提升你對將來的看法。”下文“willalsohelp”對應F選項中的“willhelp”,下文是對該空進一步的說明。閱讀理解AteamofengineersatHarvard“It’sextremelyimportantforustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchofindividualcomponents,”saidRobertWood,theHarvardengineeringprofessorwhohasbeenworkingontheroboticflyprojectforoveradecade.Afewyearsago,histeamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingtogetherthecomponents.“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown,”hesaid.Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesystemwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependenciesontheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividuallyhastoperformwell,butthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingit’sconnectedto,”saidWood.Theflightdevicewasbuiltintoasetofpower,computation,sensingandcontrolsystems.Woodsaysthesuccessoftheprojectprovesthattheflyingrobotwiththesetinycomponentscanbebuiltandmanufactured.Whilethisfirstroboticflyislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield.“Basically,itshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround,”hesaid.Woodsaysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolatinsect-scale.Yet,thepower,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardcouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkingaboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead,”hesaid.“Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopeninterestingscientificquestionsthatarereallywhatdriveusonadaytodaybasis.”【文章大意】這是一篇說明文,主要說明白哈佛高校的一組工程師受到大自然的啟發,創建了第一只機器蒼蠅。文章還說明白設計這種機器蒼蠅遇到的困難和該飛行裝置的應用區域,這種設計為探討飛行力學和昆蟲限制供應了一種新方法。1.Whichofthefollowingstatementswasthedifficultyengineersmetwhilemakingtheroboticfly?A.Theydidnothavesufficientfund.B.Noready-madecomponentswereavailable.C.Therewasnomodelintheirmind.D.Itwa