科技英語學習通超星期末考試章節答案2024年指出劃線部分的語法現象。(1)AsecondareawheretheU.S.andEuropedifferedisinthehumblematterofphonenumbers.(2)Cordlesstelephonesaredevicesconsitingofabasestationandahandset.(3)Thisdecisionresultedindifferentmanufacturersproducingdifferentkindsofmobilephones.(4)Thereisabufferabouttwocellswide,providingforgoodseparationandlowinterference.(5)Atthecenterofeachcellisabasestationtowhichallthephonesinthecelltransmit.

答案:(1)where引導限制性定語從句，先行詞為asecondarea(2)現在分詞短語作devices的后置定語(3)動名詞復合結構作賓語(4)現在分詞短語作狀語(5)which引導限制性定語從句，先行詞為abasestation英譯漢。Thekeyideathatgivescellularsystemsfarmorecapacitythanprevioussystemsissmallercellsandthereuseoffrequenciesinnearbycells.

答案:蜂窩系統比以前系統具有大得多的容量，關鍵的思路在于蜂窩更小，以及附近蜂窩內的頻率重用。中文詞組翻譯。(1)設備廠商______

(2)移動電話______

(3)基站_________

(4)這個小區里的所有移動臺_______

(5)系統容量_______

答案:equipmentmanufacturer;mobilephone;basestation;allmoblestationsinthiscell;systemcapacity指出劃線部分的語法現象。(1)Comparedtotheoldtechnology,transistorsweremuchsmaller,fasterandcheaper.(2)Thefunctionsperformedbyaprocessorwereimplementedusingseveraldifferentlogicchips.(3)Figure1.2showsasimplemicroprocessorcapableofdoingthosethreethings.(4)Theinstructiondecodertellstheinstructionregistertolatchthevaluecurrentlyonthedatabus.(5)Yearspassedwithoutanybodymakingtheproblemsolutionsimpler.

答案:(1)過去分詞短語作狀語(2)過去分詞短語作thefunctions的后置定語(3)形容詞短語作asimplemicroprocessor的后置定語(4)介詞短語作thevalue的后置定語(5)with結構的否定形式作狀語中英文互譯(1)指令譯碼器______

(2)地址總線________

(3)處理器______

(4)流水線______

(5)寄存器______(6)machineopcode________

(7)execution_______

(8)microprocessor____

(9)ROM_____

(10)memory_____

答案:instructiondecoder;addressbus;processor;pipeline;register;機器操作碼;執行;微處理器;只讀存儲器;(10)存儲器把中文(數字編號)和英文(字母編號)匹配起來。

答案:A、store;B、instructiondecoder;C、flip-flop;D、BIOS;E、reset;F、addresslatch;G、carrybit;H、adder;I、buffer;J、standfor;K、operatingsystem;L、harddisk;M、beresponsiblefor

;N、memory;O、bootsector;P、latch;Q、ROM;R、byte;S、register;T、RAM詞形變換(按要求填寫課文出現的單詞)simple(形容詞)—_________(副詞)

capable(形容詞)—_________

(名詞)compare(動詞)—_________

(名詞)

connect(動詞)—_________(反義詞)input(動詞/名詞)—_________(反義詞)

答案:simply;capability;comparison;disconnect;output把英文縮寫展開：ROM：

_______只讀存儲器RAM：_______隨機訪問存儲器

BIOS：

_______基本輸入/輸出系統

答案:read-onlymemory;random-accessmemory;basicinput/outputsystem選詞填空(每個詞只能使用一次，必要時需要對詞語變形):set，use,what,which,that

(1)Asabasicelement,theflip-flopis_____

indigitalcircuits.(2)Aregisterisa______offlip-flopsinparallel.(3)Thememoryconsistsofanarrayofflip-flops,in______eachrowisconnectedtoadatacomparator.(4)TheadvantageofROMis_____itcanbemanufacturedatthelowestprice.(5)______thedigitalageneededwasatrulydigitalcomponentthatcouldreplacethevacuumtube.

答案:used;set;which;that;What請把第一組的英文與第二組的中文匹配起來。

答案:A、存儲器位置;B、程序計數器;C、浮點數;D、指令;E、加法;F、一般來說;G、每次;H、時鐘周期;I、除法;J、個人計算機;K、減法;L、每秒百萬條指令;M、地址總線;N、芯片內時延;O、在...以前;P、數據總線;Q、便攜式電子計算器;R、最高時鐘速度;S、乘法;T、算術邏輯單元詞性變換：必須填寫本課文出現的單詞。computation(名詞)—_________(動詞)

engine—_________(工程師)power(名詞)—_________(形容詞)

add(動詞)—_________

(加法)—_________(加法器)calculator(名詞)—_________(動詞)

improve(動詞)—_________(名詞)different(形容詞)—_________(名詞)

relate(動詞)—_________(名詞)

subtract(動詞)—_________

(名詞)

multiply(動詞)—_________

(名詞)divide(動詞)—_________

(名詞)

decide(動詞)—_________(名詞)send(動詞)—_________(反義詞)

execute(動詞)—_________(名詞)

答案:compute;engineer;powerful;addition;adder;calculate;improvement;difference;relationship;(10)subtraction;(11)multiplication;(12)division;(13)decision;(14)receive;(15)execution寫出以下縮略語的展開：PC：____________________________________個人計算機

MIPS：

_________________每秒百萬條指令ALU：________________算術邏輯單元

答案:personalcomputer;MillionInstructionsPerSecond;arithmeticlogicunit選詞填空，必要時進行詞形變換。注意：一個詞只能使用一次。給定單詞為discrete,cheap,number,conduct,compare,depend1.Atransistor_____avariableamountofelectricitythroughit,_____onhowmuchelectricityisinputtoit.2.______tovaccumtubes,transistorsweremuchsmaller,faster,and______.3.Unlike______components,theICchipsarelarge______oftransistorsmanufacturedonasinglepieceofsemiconductormaterial.

答案:conducts;depending;Compared;cheaper;discrete;numbersWhichofthefollowingsubstances(物質)

issemiconductormaterial?

答案:siliconTherearenomovingpartsinatransistor.Thismeansthatthetransistorisa____device.

答案:solidstateJustlikethevacuumtube,thetransistorisalsoasolidstatedevice._____

答案:FalseTheadvantagesofthetransistor____

thevacuumtubewereenormous.

答案:over寫出以下縮略語的英文展開：IC：___________________

VLSI：___________________

CPU：___________________

答案:integratedcircuit;verylarge-scaleintegration;centralprocessingunit詞匯變換(只能使用課文里出現的詞)invent(動詞)—__________(名詞)

like(介詞)—__________(反義詞)rely(動詞)—__________(形容詞)

evolve(動詞)—__________(名詞)original(形容詞)—__________(副詞)

create(動詞)—__________(名詞)internal(形容詞)—__________(副詞)

conductor(名詞)—__________(動詞)miniaturization(名詞)—__________(動詞)

integrate(動詞)—__________(名詞)consume(動詞)—__________(名詞)

require(動詞)—__________(名詞)manage(動詞)—__________(形容詞)

答案:invention;unlike;reliable;evolution;originally;creation;internally;conduct;miniaturize;(10)integration;(11)consumption;(12)requirement;(13)manageable將選項A~T與1~20按意思進行匹配，在字母A~T后填入數字編號。1.electronics

2.transistor

3.electricity

4.digitalswitch

5.

vacuumtube6.solidstate

7.integratedcircuit

8.

semiconductor

9.phyicalform

10.silicon

11.powerconsumption

12.

discretecomponent

13.circuitboard

14.logicchipA.分立器件____

B.集成電路____

C.電子學____

D.固態____

E.半導體____

F.晶體管____

G.真空管____

H.硅_____

I.邏輯芯片____

J.數字開關___

K.功耗____

L.電路板____

M.物理形態____

N.電_____

答案:12;7;1;6;8;2;5;10;14;(10)4;(11)11;(12)13;(13)9;(14)3注意：在作業本上書寫，待老師批改后，再拍照上傳提交；為了便于日后復習，建議抄題。一、指出劃線部分語法現象（回答方式舉例：“which引導非限制性定語從句，代替先行詞xx在從句中作主語”“過去分詞短語作xx的定語”），并翻譯。(1)

Allthatoneshoulddoistoadjusttheresistance(電阻).(2)

Intheinputcharacteristicsofatransistor,thereisadeadspacethataffectssmallsignals.

(3)

Microcontrollersarespecial-purpose(專用的)computers,whichdoonethingverywell.(4)

EachcomputerconnectedtotheInternethasanIPaddress.(5)

It’saprogrammer’sjobtowriteefficientcodesrunningonthemicroprocessors.二、句子翻譯（必須使用本課學習到的單詞、短語，并按提示完成）(1)

縮微化是保持低功耗的關鍵之一。（過去式，thekeytodoing，keep復合賓語）(2)

超大規模集成電路通常包含數以百萬計的晶體管，這些晶體管在單片硅材料上制造并被連接在一起。（一般現在時，contain，manufacture，使用非限制性定語從句）(3)

人們使用各種方式來實現處理器執行的功能。(使用被動語態并省去人們，various，implement，perform，劃線部分使用分詞短語作定語，)(4)

與真空管相比，晶體管的可靠性要高得多，且更容易制造。（compare，far,reliable,manufacture）(5)

芯片指的是集成電路元件而不是分立元件。

答案:一、(1)

that引導限制性定語從句，代替先行詞all在從句中賓語。我們要做的就是調整電阻大小。(2)

that引導限制性定語從句，代替先行詞adeadspace在定語從句中作主語。在晶體管的輸入特性中，存在影響小信號的死區。(3)

which引導非限制性定語從句，代替先行詞computers在從句中作主語。微控制器是一種專用計算機，它能很好地完成一件事。(4)

過去分詞短語作eachcomputer的定語。連接到Internet的每臺計算機都有一個IP地址。(5)

現在分詞作codes的后置定語。編寫運行在微處理器上的高效代碼是程序員的工作。二、(1)

Miniaturizationwasoneofthekeystokeepingpowerconsumptionlow.(2)

Verylarge-scaleintegrationcircuitstypicallycontainmillionsoftransistors,whicharemanufacturedonasinglepieceofsiliconandconnectedtogether.(3)

Variouswaysareusedtoimplementthefunctionsperformedbyaprocessor.(4)

Comparedwithvacuumtubes,transistorsarefarmore