動作輔助詞Lesson27：授課人：曾老師1.完整動作詞的輔助詞：1).do:否定/疑問/強調輔助詞2).have:時態輔助詞(兼否定/疑問)3).情態輔助詞(兼否定/疑問)can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should,need,dare,haveto,oughtto2.系動動詞“Be”：Don’tbelazy.Dobeearlynexttime.Hemustbeeithermadordrunk.Ithinkhemaybereadyforasleepsoon.Thenewbooksarebeingcatalogued.Ireallydofeelthatsomepeoplearebeingunfair.

系動動詞“Be”屬于完整動作詞，也需要借助輔助詞來構成否定、強調。有自己的時態。也可以在前面加情態輔助詞。比如：▲備注：“is/am/are,was/were”則可以直接構成疑問否定。3.實義動詞與動作輔助詞“do”：Hedoesalotofweighttrainingeveryday.Hedoesn’tdoalotofweighttrainingeveryday.Doeshedoalotofweighttrainingeveryday?▲用作實義動詞時，有三單、過去式。否定與疑問時還得借助輔助詞do。▲備注：輔助詞do一樣有三單、過去式。有進行時、完成時結構(及對應的各種時態)。否定與疑問時借助相關輔助動詞。比如：Sheisdoingsomesewingnow.Sheisn’tdoinganysewingnow.Isshedoinganysewingnow?Hediditright.Hedidn’tdoitright.Didhedoitright?Ihavedonewhattobedone.Ihaven’tdonewhattobedone.Haveyoudonewhattobedone?4.實義動詞與動作輔助詞“have”：Hehasalotofworktodo.Quiteapartfromallthework,hehadfinancialproblems.Hehadtoleavethecountrythroughforceforsomereasons.▲用作實義動詞時，代表“擁有，得到”等。有三單、過去式。比如：一般會說：Hehas(got)twobrothers.不會說：Heishavingtwobrothers.▲此時，have很少用進行時。比如：備注：have=havegot。但是在havegot中，have變成了完成時結構中的助動詞。4.實義動詞與動作輔助詞“have”：Hehasn’t(got)alotofworktodo.Hedoesn’thavealotofworktodo.▲此時，其否定形式可以借助輔助詞do，也可以直接加not構成否定。比如：Hedidn’thavesomenicepictures.Hehadn’t(got)somenicepictures.I’mafraidyouhaven’t

(got)averyclearideaeither.Doyouhaveanyadvice?Doeshehavealotofworktodo?Didhehaveanynicepictures?▲但是，其疑問形式要么借助輔助詞do，要么把have提前，再把got補上。比如：Haveyougotanyadvicefromthem?Hashegotalotofworktodo?Hadhegotanynicepictures?▲備注：輔助詞“do/have”一樣有三單、過去式。4.實義動詞與動作輔助詞“have”：Hehasaplateofbeefforlunch.IhadacigarettewhileIwaswaiting.▲注意：作為實義動詞時，have還有“吃/喝/吸”或“正在遭遇、正在接受”或“使...怎么樣”等

其它意思。同樣，它有三單、過去式。比如：▲此時，其否定形式與疑問形式一般借助輔助詞do(does/did)。比如：Hedoesn’t

haveaplateofbeefforlunch.Ididn’thavemyglasseson.4.實義動詞與動作輔助詞“have”：Heishavingsomebigtroubles.Iamhavingtreatmentformybackproblem.Wearehavingourcarrepaired.Everybodytherewashavingaterrifictime.▲也可以用進行時。比如：4.實義動詞與動作輔助詞“have”：ShehasgotaBAinEnglish.Alexhasalreadygone...Wehaven’tgotatelevision.Youhaven’tsentheraway,haveyou?...Hehadseldomseenachildwithsomuchtalent.▲have作為輔助詞，構成完成時。此時可以直接加not構成否定，也可以提前構成疑問。比如：▲備注：輔助詞“have”一樣有三單形式，或用過去式構成過去完成時。5.其它幾個特殊輔助詞：wanna：意思上相當于“wantto”Iwannabemarriedtoyou.Doyouwannabemarriedtome?Idon’twannahavethisconversationwithyouagain.usedto：過去常常…(怎么樣)Iusedtodobusinesswithhim.Yourbrotherdidn’tusetogotothezoo.happento：碰巧…(怎么樣)Ifyouhappentotalktohim,havehimcallme.Ihappenedtobeatthestationwhenhearrived.5.其它幾個特殊輔助詞：hadbetter：最好…(怎么樣)We’dbetterhurryorwe’llmissthetrain.You’dbetterno