高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2河南省新未來2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFamousFestivalsintheUSAGuideBonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival(Manchester,Tennessee)Heldeveryyearsince2002inthetinytownofManchesterTN(southofNashville),theamazingAmericanmusicfestivalisheldeveryJuneona700-acre(英畝)farm.Bonnaroofeatures,“Thousandsofhappycampers.HundredsofacresofTennesseenature.150epicperformances,10+stagesofmusic.Fourofthebestdaysever.”BurningMan(BlackRockDesert,Nevada)Foroneweekeachyear,themassivedrylakebedoftheBlackRockDesertinNevadaischangedinto“BlackRockCity”.This“city”isfilledwithcampsandwonderfulartinstallations(裝置),whichareconstructedanddeconstructedeveryyearforthemostuniquefestivalintheUS-BurningMan.ChristmasAtBiltmoreEstate(Asheville,NorthCarolina)OneofourfavouriteNorthCarolinaChristmasevents,ChristmasatBiltmoregivesAshevilleNCvisitorsanopportunitytoseethelargestprivatehomeinAmericawhileitshallsaredecoratedwithbeautifulChristmasdecorations.FantasyFest(KeyWestFlorida)ThepartyatmosphereofFantasyFesthasbeencomparedtoMardiGrasinNewOrleansandCarnivalintheCaribbeanIslands.Thereareparades,masqueradeballs(假面舞會),costumecontests,and60+officialparties!Eachyearthereisauniquetheme,suchasSpaceBroadway,HouseofHorror,Circus,Villains,ete.Itissaidthatover75,000peoplecomeouttoexperiencethisadult-themedHalloweenfeast.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoonBonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival?A.Plantonthefarm. B.Campinnature.C.Takeatourinthecity. D.Composemusic.2.WhichfestivaloffersachancetovisitthelargestprivatehomeintheUS?A.BonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival. B.BurningMan.C.ChristmasAtBiltmoreEstate. D.FantasyFest.3.Wherecanyougoifyouwanttoattendafestivalspecializedforadults?A.Tennessee. B.Nevada. C.NorthCarolina. D.Florida.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國4個著名節(jié)日的一些信息。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival(Manchester,Tennessee)部分中的“Thousandsofhappycampers.(成千上萬快樂的露營者)”可知，游客在BonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival可以露營，故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChristmasAtBiltmoreEstate(Asheville,NorthCarolina)部分中的“ChristmasatBiltmoregivesAshevilleNCvisitorsanopportunitytoseethelargestprivatehomeinAmericawhileitshallsaredecoratedwithbeautifulChristmasdecorations.(Biltmore的圣誕節(jié)讓AshevilleNC游客有機(jī)會看到美國最大的私人住宅，大廳里裝飾著美麗的圣誕裝飾)”可知，ChristmasAtBiltmoreEstate這個節(jié)日提供參觀美國最大的私人住宅的機(jī)會，故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FantasyFest(KeyWestFlorida)部分中的“Itissaidthatover75,000peoplecomeouttoexperiencethisadult-themedHalloweenfeast.(據(jù)說超過75000人出來體驗(yàn)這個成人主題的萬圣節(jié)盛宴)”可知，如果你想?yún)⒓右粋€專門為成年人舉辦的節(jié)日，你可以去佛羅里達(dá)，故選D。BBornin1975inapoorneighbourhoodinSaoPaulo,EduardoKobrabeganhiscareerat12yearsoldand,sincethen,hasbecomeoneofthemostrecognizedstreetartistsintheworld.Withmorethan5,000murals(壁畫)overfivecontinents,hecurrentlyholdstherecordforthelargestmuralintheworld,firstforcreatinghisfamousmuralLasEtnias(TheEthnicities)forthe2016RioOlympics.ThenayearlaterhebeathispreviousrecordwithhismonumentalworkatCacauShowHeadquarters,amasterpiecethattook700hourstocompleteandmorethandoubledhis2016record.Influencedbythepop-artmovementandmodernartists,therealisminhisdesignsmakeshisflat-surfacedextremelycolourfulwallpaintingsappear3-Dandalivewithlife.WithhisprojectGreenpincel(2011),Kobrashowedhisstrongwilltotheenvironmentalcause.Climatechange,waterpollution,deforestation,predatory(掠奪性的)fishing,andmistreatmentofanimalsbecamestrongthemespresentinhiswork.InStarsofPeace,Kobradescribesindividualswhohavegivenhopetotheworldthroughtheirlives,suchasMotherTeresa,MahatmaGandhi,MalalaYousafzai,andAnneFrank.Kobraisinvolvedinsocialcauses,suchasfoodcollectioncampaignsandactivitiesaimedatbringingarttopoorcommunities,especiallychildrenwhohavenoaccesstobasicfacilities.In2021,hestartedtheKobraInstitute,whichaimstobringarttovulnerable(脆弱的)peopleinBrazil.Duringthepandemic(大流行病),heledanactivitytogetherwiththeprivatesectortoraisefundstobuildoxygenplantsforCOVID-19patients.4.WhichofKobra’sworksmadehimsetthesecondworldrecord?A.LasEtnias. B.TheEthnicities.C.StarsofPeace. D.AworkatCacauShowHeadquarters.5.WhatdidKobraconcernmuchaboutinhisprojectGreenpincel?A.Socialcauses. B.Famousindividuals.C.Paintingskills. D.Environmentalprotection.6.WhatdoweknowaboutEduardoKobra?A.Hewasbornintoanartisticfanily.B.Hespecializesinromanticpainting.CHedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoorlearnart.D.Hemadeagreatfortunein2016RioOlympics.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKobra?A.Sensitive. B.Admirable. C.Humorous D.Adaptable.〖答案〗4.D5.D6.C7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了街頭藝術(shù)家EduardoKobra的藝術(shù)成就和公益活動。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThenayearlaterhebeathispreviousrecordwithhismonumentalworkatCacauShowHeadquarters,amasterpiecethattook700hourstocompleteandmorethandoubledhis2016record.(然后一年后，他在CacaoShow總部的不朽作品打破了之前的紀(jì)錄，這是一部耗時(shí)700小時(shí)完成的杰作，是他2016年記錄的兩倍多。)”可知，2017年Kobra在CacaoShow總部畫的作品打破了他2016年第一次創(chuàng)造的世界紀(jì)錄，即創(chuàng)造了第二個世界紀(jì)錄。故選D。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“WithhisprojectGreenpincel(2011),Kobrashowedhisstrongwilltotheenvironmentalcause.(通過他2011年的項(xiàng)目Greenpincel，Kobra展示了他對環(huán)境事業(yè)的強(qiáng)烈意愿。)”可知，在Greenpincel項(xiàng)目中，Kobra非常關(guān)心環(huán)境保護(hù)問題。故選D。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Kobraisinvolvedinsocialcauses,suchasfoodcollectioncampaignsandactivitiesaimedatbringingarttopoorcommunities,especiallychildrenwhohavenoaccesstobasicfacilities.(Kobra參與了社會事業(yè)，如食品收集運(yùn)動和旨在將藝術(shù)帶到貧困社區(qū)的活動，特別是將藝術(shù)帶給無法使用基本設(shè)施的兒童的活動。)”可知，EduardoKobra致力于幫助窮人學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Bornin1975inapoorneighbourhoodinSaoPaulo,EduardoKobrabeganhiscareerat12yearsoldand,sincethen,hasbecomeoneofthemostrecognizedstreetartistsintheworld.(EduardoKobra于1975年出生于圣保羅的一個貧困社區(qū)，12歲時(shí)開始了他的職業(yè)生涯，從那時(shí)起，他成為了世界上最受認(rèn)可的街頭藝術(shù)家之一。)”、第三段中的“WithhisprojectGreenpincel(2011),Kobrashowedhisstrongwilltotheenvironmentalcause.(通過他2011年的項(xiàng)目Greenpincel，Kobra展示了他對環(huán)境事業(yè)的強(qiáng)烈意愿。)”、第四段中的“Kobraisinvolvedinsocialcauses(Kobra參與了社會事業(yè))”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，Kobra不僅在藝術(shù)很有造詣，還為環(huán)保、幫助窮人等社會公益事業(yè)貢獻(xiàn)頗多，由此可推測出，他是一位令人敬佩的藝術(shù)家。故選B。CJazzisakindofmusicinwhichimprovisation(即興創(chuàng)作)istypicallyanimportantpart.Inmostjazzperformances,playersplaysoloswhichtheymakeuponsite,whichrequiresconsiderableskills.Thereisgreatvarietyinjazzbutmostjazzisveryrhythmic(有節(jié)奏的)anduses“blue”notes.Youcanoftenhear“call-and-response”patternsinjazz,inwhichoneinstrument,voice,orpartofthebandanswersanother.Jazzcanexpressmanydifferentemotions,frompaintojoy.Injazz,youmayhearthesoundsoffreedom,forthemusichasbeenapowerfulvoiceforpeoplesufferingunfairtreatmentbecauseofthecolouroftheskin.Jazzmusiciansplaceahighvalueonfindingtheirownsoundandstyleandthatmeansforexample,thattrumpeter(號手)MilesDavissoundsverydifferentfromtrumpeterLouisArmstrong.Jazzmusiciansliketoplaytheirsongsintheirownstyles,andsoyoumightlistentoadozenofdifferentjazzrecordingsofthesamesong,buteachwillsounddifferent.JazzdevelopedintheUnitedStatesintheveryearlypartofthe20thcentury.NewOrleans,nearthemouthoftheMississippiRiver,playedakeyroleinthisdevelopment.Thecity’spopulationwasmoredifferentthananywhereelseintheSouth.PeopleofAfricanFrench,Caribbean,Italian,German,Mexican,andAmericanIndianaswellasEnglishdescent(血統(tǒng))mixedwithoneanother,African-Americanmusicaltraditionsmixedwithothersandgraduallyjazzemerged(產(chǎn)生)fromamixtureofmarches,blues,andotherkindsofmusic.Atfirstjazzwasmostlyfordancing.Afterthefirstrecordingsofjazzweremadein1917,themusicspreadwidelyanddevelopedrapidly.AtthesametimejazzspreadfromtheUnitedStatestomanypartsoftheworld,andtodayjazzmusiciansandjazzfestivalscanbefoundindozensofnations.JazzisoneoftheUnitedStates’greatestexportstotheworld.8.Whatisatypicalpartofjazz?A.Playerscreatemusiconsite. B.It’sonlyperformedindoors.C.Playerssingindifferentways. D.Itonlyexpressespainfulfeelings.9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutjazzmusicians?A.Theirfavouritesongs. B.Theirdifferentstyles.C.Theirhighexpectations. D.Theirwarmsounds.10.Whatleadstothebirthofjazz?A.Theculturalmixture. B.Alocallanguage.C.Traditionalvalue. D.Aperfecttiming.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDevelopmentofModernMusic B.AReportAboutAfricanAmericanC.ABriefIntroductiontoJazz D.JazzFestivalsintheUs〖答案〗8.A9.B10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了爵士樂的特點(diǎn)、起源和傳播。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Jazzisakindofmusicinwhichimprovisation(即興創(chuàng)作)istypicallyanimportantpart.(爵士樂是一種即興創(chuàng)作通常是重要組成部分的音樂。)”可知，爵士樂的典型特征是表演者在現(xiàn)場即興演唱。故選A。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。第二段中的“Jazzmusiciansplaceahighvalueonfindingtheirownsoundandstyle(爵士音樂家非常重視找到自己的聲音和風(fēng)格)”點(diǎn)明了本段主旨：不同的爵士音樂家有不同的風(fēng)格。故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“PeopleofAfricanFrench,Caribbean,Italian,German,Mexican,andAmericanIndianaswellasEnglishdescent(血統(tǒng))mixedwithoneanother,African-Americanmusicaltraditionsmixedwithothersandgraduallyjazzemerged(產(chǎn)生)fromamixtureofmarches,blues,andotherkindsofmusic.(非裔法國人、加勒比人、意大利人、德國人、墨西哥人、美洲印第安人以及英國后裔相互融合，非裔美國人的音樂傳統(tǒng)與其他人的音樂傳統(tǒng)相互融合，爵士樂逐漸從進(jìn)行曲、藍(lán)調(diào)和其他類型的音樂中產(chǎn)生。)”可知，由于不同人種和音樂文化的相互融合，爵士樂逐漸產(chǎn)生，由此可推測出，多種文化相互交融促成了爵士樂的誕生。故選A。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Jazzisakindofmusicinwhichimprovisation(即興創(chuàng)作)istypicallyanimportantpart.(爵士樂是一種即興創(chuàng)作通常是重要組成部分的音樂。)”“Thereisgreatvarietyinjazzbutmostjazzisveryrhythmic(有節(jié)奏的)anduses‘blue’notes.Youcanoftenhear‘call-and-response’patternsinjazz,inwhichoneinstrument,voice,orpartofthebandanswersanother.(爵士樂種類繁多，但大多數(shù)爵士樂都很有節(jié)奏感，使用‘藍(lán)色’音符。你經(jīng)常可以聽到爵士樂中的‘應(yīng)答輪唱’模式，其中一種樂器、聲音或樂隊(duì)的一部分回答另一種。)”和第二段中的“Jazzmusiciansplaceahighvalueonfindingtheirownsoundandstyle(爵士音樂家非常重視找到自己的聲音和風(fēng)格)”可知，第一、二段描述了爵士樂的表演形式、音樂特征和風(fēng)格多樣性。根據(jù)第三段中的“JazzdevelopedintheUnitedStatesintheveryearlypartofthe20thcentury.(爵士樂在20世紀(jì)早期在美國發(fā)展起來。)”可知，第三段講述了爵士樂的起源、根據(jù)最后一段中的“Atfirstjazzwasmostlyfordancing.Afterthefirstrecordingsofjazzweremadein1917,themusicspreadwidelyanddevelopedrapidly.(起初，爵士樂主要是用來跳舞的。1917年第一批爵士樂錄音問世后，爵士樂得到了廣泛的傳播和迅速的發(fā)展。)”可知，最后一段講述了爵士樂的傳播和發(fā)展。由此可推測出，本文主要圍繞爵士樂展開，介紹了爵士樂的特點(diǎn)、起源和傳播。所以C項(xiàng)“爵士樂的簡要介紹”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選C。DWealwayshearthattextingisadisaster.Theideaisthattextingleadstothefallofakindofseriousliteracy,oratleastwritingability,amongyoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesandnowthewholeworldtoday.Thefactofthematteristhatitjustisn’ttrue.Inordertoseethatactuallytextingisamagicalthing,akindofemergentcomplexity(復(fù)雜)thatwe’reseeinghappeningrightnow,wehavetolookatwhatlanguagereallyisinwhichcase,onethingthatweseeisthattextingisnotwritingatall.Basically,ifwethinkaboutlanguage,languagehasexistedforatleast80,000years,anditaroseasspeech.Peopletalked.That’swhatwe’reprobablygeneticallyspecifiedfor.That’showweuselanguagemost.Writingissomethingthatcamealongmuchlater.There’salittlebitofcontroversy(爭議)astoexactlywhenthathappened,butaccordingtotraditionalopinions,ifhumanityhadexistedfor24hours,thenwritingonlycamealongatabout11:07p.m.Nowdon’tgetmewrong.Writinghascertainadvantages.Whenyouwrite,becauseit’saconscious(有意識的)process,becauseyoucanlookbackwards,youcandothingswithlanguagethataremuchlesslikelyifyou’rejusttalking.Informalspeechissomethingquitedifferent.Linguists(語言學(xué)家)haveactuallyshownthatwhenwe’respeakinginformallyinanunmonitoredway,wetendtospeakinwordpacketsofmaybe7to10words.You’llnoticethisifyoueverhaveoccasiontorecordyourselforagroupofpeopletalking.That’swhatspeechislike.Speechismuchfreer.It’smuchmoretelegraphic.It’smuchlessreflective—verydifferentfromwriting.Sowenaturallytendtothink,becauseweseelanguagewrittensooften,thatthat’swhatlanguageis,butactuallywhatlanguageis,isspeech.Theyaretwothings.Nowofcourse,ashistoryhasgoneby,it’sbeennaturalfortheretobeacertainamountofbleedbetweenspeechandwriting.12.Whydosomepeoplethinktextingisadisaster?A.Itreducespeople’sabilitytowrite.B.Ithasnobenefitstopeople’shealth.C.Itishardtounderstanditscomplexity.D.Itmakespeopleaddictedtocellphones.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arose”inParagraph2mean?A.Served. B.Responded. C.Appeared. D.Performed.14.Whatmainlymakeswritingdifferfromspeech?A.Itiseasytoprocess. B.Ithelpspeoplethinkdeeply.C.It’saboutthenatureoflanguage. D.Ithasmorestrengthsthanspeech.15.Whatismostlytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Thehistoryoflanguage.B.Moredetailsaboutwriting.C.Theimportanceofformalspeech.D.Therelationshipbetweenspeechandwriting.〖答案〗12.A13.C14.B15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，文章由發(fā)短信是否會造成寫作水平的降低展開討論，并介紹了語言和寫作的主要區(qū)別。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Wealwayshearthattextingisadisaster.Theideaisthattextingleadstothefallofakindofseriousliteracy,oratleastwritingability,amongyoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesandnowthewholeworldtoday.(我們總是聽說發(fā)短信是一場災(zāi)難。這個想法認(rèn)為在美國和當(dāng)今整個世界的年輕人中，發(fā)短信會導(dǎo)致一種嚴(yán)重的識字能力下降，或者至少是寫作能力下降)”可知，一些人認(rèn)為發(fā)短信是災(zāi)難的原因是這種行為降低了寫作能力。故選A。【13題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前面的“Basically,ifwethinkaboutlanguage,languagehasexistedforatleast80,000years(基本上，如果我們考慮語言，語言已經(jīng)存在了至少80000年)”及后文“Writingissomethingthatcamealongmuchlater.(寫作是很久以后才出現(xiàn)的東西。)”可知，語言已經(jīng)存在至少8萬年了，而寫作出現(xiàn)在言語之后，說明語言最初的出現(xiàn)形式是言語，畫線詞意為“出現(xiàn)”。故選C。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenyouwrite,becauseit’saconscious(有意識的)process,becauseyoucanlookbackwards,youcandothingswithlanguagethataremuchlesslikelyifyou’rejusttalking.(當(dāng)你寫作時(shí)，因?yàn)檫@是一個有意識的過程，因?yàn)槟憧梢曰仡櫍憧梢杂谜Z言做一些如果你只是在說話的情況下不太可能做的事情。)”及第四段中的“It’smuchlessreflective—verydifferentfromwriting.(它的反思性要低得多，與寫作大不相同)”可知，寫作與言語的主要區(qū)別是寫作是一個有意識的加工過程，具有回顧性和反思性。由此可知，寫作和言語的不同之處在于，寫作可以幫助人們進(jìn)行深入思考。故選B。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nowofcourse,ashistoryhasgoneby,it’sbeennaturalfortheretobeacertainamountofbleedbetweenspeechandwriting.(當(dāng)然現(xiàn)在，隨著歷史的流逝，在言語和寫作之間出現(xiàn)一定程度的滲透是很自然的)”可知，在本段中，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了介紹言語和寫作之間會相互滲透，有一定的交集。由此可推測出，接下來會論述言語和寫作之間的關(guān)系。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Settinganewpersonalmaxisagreatwaytochartyourprogresstowardyourfitnessgoals.____16____OneusefulstepistoimproveVO:max(最大攝氧量),whichisameasureofwmuchoxygenyourbodycantakeinanduseduringexercise.Themoreoxygenyourbodycanputtousewhileyouworkout,thebetteryourperformancewillbe,whetheryou’rerunningalong-distanceraceorplayingasportliketennisorsoccer.____17____Thefirstistobuildupyouraerobic(有氧)base,whichisachievedbydoingalotoflower-intensity(低強(qiáng)度)aerobicwork.Inrunning,thatwouldmeanalotoflong,slowmiles,withthegoalofbuildingupyourdistanceovertime.Doingthisincreasesyouroverallaerobiccapacity(容量)whichinturnwillhelpyourbodybemuchbetterattakinginandusingoxygen.ExercisephysiologistandIronmancoachAlanCouzensisrichinhisexperienceworkingwithathletes.____18____InitheclaimsthatthelargestgainsinVO2maxtendtocomewhentheirtrainingplanincludesalotoflower-intensityaerobicwork.Inadditiontotheselong,slowmiles,you’llwanttoaddtosomemoretraditional“VO2max”workouts,whichfeatureshortburstsofhigh-intensityworkat90-95%ofyourmaximumheartrate.____19____However,althoughitcanbeattractive(andfeelgood)topushyourselfeverytimeyouexercise，high-intensityintervals(間歇)shouldonlycontainasmallpercentageofyouroverallworkoutroutine.____20____AsJasonFitzgeraldwroteforOutsideMagazine,youshouldavoidlong-timeworkataVO2maxlevel,asitistoughonthebody.Instead,headvises,“Savemostoftheseintense,specificworkoutsforthefinalstepoftrainingwhenyou’resharpeningforarace.”A.Sowhat’stheeasiestwaytodothat?B.WhatistheVOmaxthatisacceptedduringexercise?C.Hehashadawell-knownpostinablogforSimpliFaster.D.Theseshort,intenseburstswillhelpfurtherpushyourbody’sabilities.E.TherearetwogeneralstrategiesthatarehelpfulforimprovingyourVO2Max.F.Ifyourperformanceimproves,that’sasignthatyourVOmaxhasimprovedtoo.G.Ifyouarepreparingforarace,forexample,youwanttoavoidoverdoingthemtoosoon.〖答案〗16.A17.E18.C19.D20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述可以幫助你鍛煉時(shí)提高最大攝氧量的兩種策略。【16題詳析】由上文“Settinganewpersonalmaxisagreatwaytochartyourprogresstowardyourfitnessgoals.(設(shè)置一個新的個人最高限額是一個很好的方法來記錄你在實(shí)現(xiàn)你的健身目標(biāo)方面的進(jìn)展。)”可知，下面要說什么是最簡單的方法。故A選項(xiàng)“Sowhat’stheeasiestwaytodothat?(那么，最簡單的方法是什么呢？)”能承接上文，符合題意。且能引起下文具體怎么做“OneusefulstepistoimproveVO:max(最大攝氧量)(一個有用的步驟是提高最大攝氧量)”。A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與上下文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選A。【17題詳析】由后文“Thefirstistobuildupyouraerobic(有氧)base(首先是建立你的有氧基礎(chǔ)。)”以及第五段的”Inadditiontotheselong,slowmiles,you’llwanttoaddtosomemoretraditional(除了這些漫長而緩慢的里程外，你還想增加一些更傳統(tǒng)的里程)”可知，此處是概括段落大意。故E選項(xiàng)“TherearetwogeneralstrategiesthatarehelpfulforimprovingyourVO2Max.(有兩種策略可以幫助你提高最大攝氧量。)”符合段落大意內(nèi)容。故選E。【18題詳析】由上文“ExercisephysiologistandIronmancoachAlanCouzensisrichinhisexperienceworkingwithathletes.(運(yùn)動生理學(xué)家、鐵人三項(xiàng)教練阿蘭·庫森斯有著豐富的運(yùn)動員工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”可知，下面要說和經(jīng)驗(yàn)相關(guān)話題。故C選項(xiàng)“Hehashadawell-knownpostinablogforSimpliFaster.(他在SimpliFaster的博客中有一個著名的帖子。)”能承接上文，說出了他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享的博客，符合題意。且下文具體說出來博客中的帖子內(nèi)容“InitheclaimsthatthelargestgainsinVO2maxtendtocomewhentheirtrainingplanincludesalotoflower-intensityaerobicwork.(他在帖子中聲稱，當(dāng)他們的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃包括大量低強(qiáng)度的有氧運(yùn)動時(shí)，VO2max的最大收益往往會出現(xiàn)。)”下文的it指代awell-knownpost。故選C。【19題詳析】由上文“Inadditiontotheselong,slowmiles,you’llwanttoaddtosomemoretraditional“VO2max”workouts,whichfeatureshortburstsofhigh-intensityworkat90-95%ofyourmaximumheartrate.(除了這些長而慢的里程之外，你還需要加入一些更傳統(tǒng)的“最大攝氧量”訓(xùn)練，即以90-95%的最大心率進(jìn)行短時(shí)間的高強(qiáng)度訓(xùn)練。)”可知，下文要說進(jìn)行短時(shí)間的高強(qiáng)度訓(xùn)練的好處。故D選項(xiàng)“Theseshort,intenseburstswillhelpfurtherpushyourbody’sabilities.(這些短暫而劇烈的爆發(fā)將有助于進(jìn)一步提升你身體的能力)”內(nèi)容與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選D。【20題詳析】由上文“However,althoughitcanbeattractive(andfeelgood)topushyourselfeverytimeyouexercise,high-intensityintervals(間歇)shouldonlycontainasmallpercentageofyouroverallworkoutroutine.(然而，盡管每次鍛煉都強(qiáng)迫自己很有吸引力(而且感覺很好)，但高強(qiáng)度間歇訓(xùn)練應(yīng)該只占你整個鍛煉計(jì)劃的一小部分。)”；且由后文“AsJasonFitzgeraldwroteforOutsideMagazine,youshouldavoidlong-timeworkataVO2maxlevel,asitistoughonthebody(正如杰森·菲茨杰拉德在《戶外》雜志上所寫的那樣，你應(yīng)該避免在最大攝氧量水平下長時(shí)間工作，因?yàn)檫@對身體很不利)”可知，G項(xiàng)“Ifyouarepreparingforarace,forexample,youwanttoavoidoverdoingthemtoosoon.(例如，如果你正在為一場比賽做準(zhǔn)備，你想避免過早地過度運(yùn)動。)”與上文屬于例證關(guān)系，與下文“avoidlong-timeworkataVO2maxlevel(避免在最大攝氧量水平下長時(shí)間工作)”相呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ilovepersimmons(柿子).Afewyearsago,preparingtotravelfromSanFranciscotoBoston,I____21____twopersimmons,oneofwhichI____22____intheflightdeparturelounge(候機(jī)室),waitingtoboardthe____23____.Alady____24____meandaskedfromwhichstoreintheairportthefruitwasbought.Shelookedabit____25____hearingthatitcouldn’tbepurchasedfromanyairportshop.Ithoughttomyself,“Ican____26____thesecondpersimmontoher.”WhenI____27____herthefruit,sheatfirst____28____,butwhenIinsisted,shewasvisiblygladandappreciativelyaccepted.I____29____mycornerofthelounge,satisfiedtohavemadesomeoneelse_____30_____andthatIthoughtwastheendofthestory.Sometimeduringtheflight,theladycaughtupwithmeintheaisle(過道)to_____31_____meagainforthepersimmon.She_____32_____thatshehadgrownupinJapan,wheretherewasapersimmontreeintheyardofherchildhoodhome.ShenowlivedinBoston,whereshehadn’tbeenabletofindthefruit.Thetasteofthisonepersimmonwasprecioustoher,_____33_____herwithmemoriesofherparentsandgrandparentsbyoursensesoftasteandsmell,asifmagically.Onlythendidtheinfluenceofthistinyactdawnonme.TothisdayIam_____34_____byitsomuchthatthetasteofthepersimmonIneverategivesmemore_____35_____thanalltheonesIhaveeaten,combined.21.A.picked B.exchanged C.packed D.demanded22.A.ate B.donated C.washed D.observed23.A.bus B.train C.ship D.plane24.A.approached B.left C.missed D.discovered25.A.disappointed B.nervous C.excited D.energetic26.A.give B.compare C.throw D.deliver27.A.showed B.purchased C.offered D.sold28.A.hated B.chose C.removed D.refused29.A.searchedfor B.returnedto C.checkedup D.complainedabout30.A.comfortable B.happy C.anxious D.worried31.A.support B.thank C.praise D.reward32.A.imagined B.responded C.agreed D.shared33.A.taking B.helping C.reconnecting D.mixing34.A.moved B.surprised C.shocked D.attracted35.A.regret B.freedom C.joy D.kindness〖答案〗21.C22.A23.D24.A25.A26.A27.C28.D29.B30.B31.B32.D33.C34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在候機(jī)室等待登機(jī)時(shí)送了一位女士一個柿子，后來才得知這個柿子讓這位女士想起了關(guān)于家人的記憶，這個作者沒吃到的柿子給作者帶來的快樂比所有吃掉的柿子帶來的快樂還要多。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年前，我準(zhǔn)備從舊金山前往波士頓，我打包了兩個柿子，其中一個在航班起飛候機(jī)室等待登機(jī)的時(shí)候吃掉了。A.picked撿起，摘；B.exchanged交換；C.packed收拾（行李），打包；D.demanded強(qiáng)烈要求。根據(jù)句中的“preparingtotravelfromSanFranciscotoBoston”可知，作者準(zhǔn)備出行，所以是打包了兩個柿子。故選C。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.ate吃；B.donated捐贈；C.washed洗；D.observed觀察。根據(jù)句中的“waitingtoboardthe________”可知，作者在等待登機(jī)的時(shí)候吃掉了其中一個柿子。故選A。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考第1題。A.bus公共汽車；B.train火車；C.ship船；D.plane飛機(jī)。根據(jù)句中的“theflightdeparturelounge(候機(jī)室)”可知，作者在航班起飛候機(jī)室是為了等待登上飛機(jī)。故選D。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一位女士走近我，問我水果是從機(jī)場的哪家商店買的。A.approached靠近，接近；B.left離開；C.missed錯過；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空后的“askedfromwhichstoreintheairportthefruitwasbought”可知，這位女士要走近作者才能問作者問題。故選A。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：聽說在任何機(jī)場商店都買不到它，她看起來有點(diǎn)失望。A.disappointed失望的；B.nervous緊張的；C.excited激動的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)上文中的“askedfromwhichstoreintheairportthefruitwasbought”和空后的“hearingthatitcouldn’tbepurchasedfromanyairportshop”可知，女士詢問作者在哪里買到這種柿子，說明她想要這種柿子，但卻被告知機(jī)場的商店里沒有，所以她內(nèi)心是非常失望的。故選A。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我心想：“我可以把第二個柿子送給她。”A.give給；B.compare比較；C.throw扔；D.deliver運(yùn)載。根據(jù)下文中的“shewasvisiblygladandappreciativelyaccepted”可知，下文說這位女士接受了作者給的柿子，所以這里是說作者決定把另一個沒吃的柿子給她。故選A。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我把水果遞給她時(shí)，她起初拒絕了，但當(dāng)我堅(jiān)持要給時(shí)，她顯然很高興，并感激地接受了。A.showed展示；B.purchased買；C.offered自愿給予；D.sold賣。根據(jù)句中的“shewasvisiblygladandappreciativelyaccepted”可知，這里是說作者主動把柿子遞給這位女士，最終這位女士接受了。故選C。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.hated討厭；B.chose選擇；C.removed移開；D.refused拒絕。空后的but表明上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，but后的“butwhenIinsisted,shewasvisiblygladandappreciativelyaccepted”說女士最終在作者的堅(jiān)持下接受了柿子，所以but前應(yīng)是說女士一開始拒絕了作者的好意。故選D。【29題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我回到休息室中屬于我的角落，因讓某個人開心而感到滿足，我認(rèn)為這就是故事的結(jié)局。A.searchedfor搜尋；B.returnedto回到；C.checkedup核實(shí)；D.complainedabout抱怨。上文“Alady________me”提到女士走近作者并詢問柿子從哪里買的，后來作者主動把柿子給了女士，所以作者應(yīng)是主動走到女士的位置送柿子，然后又返回自己的位置。故選B。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.comfortable舒服的；B.happy開心的；C.anxious焦急的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)上文中的“shewasvisiblyglad”可知，女士收到柿子的時(shí)候很開心。故選B。【31題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在飛行途中的某個時(shí)候，那位女士在過道里追上我，再次感謝我的柿子。A.support支持；B.thank感謝；C.praise表揚(yáng)；D.reward獎勵。根據(jù)上文中的“appreciativelyaccepted”可知，女士收到柿子的當(dāng)場就對作者表示感激，空后的“meagainforthepersimmon”表明她再次感謝作者。故選B。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她分享說，她在日本長大，童年時(shí)家的院子里有一棵柿子樹。A.imagined想象；B.responded反應(yīng)；C.agreed同意；D.shared分享，把自己的想法（或經(jīng)歷、感情）告訴別人。空后的“thatshehadgrownupinJapan,wheretherewasapersimmontreeintheyardofherchildhoodhome”表明這位女士在講述自己的個人經(jīng)歷。故選D。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這只柿子的味道對她來說很珍貴，通過我們的味覺和嗅覺，仿佛神奇地將她與父母和祖父母的記憶重新聯(lián)系起來。A.taking拿；B.helping幫助；C.reconnecting再連接，重新接通；D.mixing（使）混合。根據(jù)空后的“herwithmemoriesofherparentsandgrandparents”可知，這只柿子的味道讓這位女士重新想起了有關(guān)父母和祖父母的記憶。故選C。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：直到今天，我都被它深深打動了，以至于這只我從未吃到的柿子的味道比我吃過的所有柿子加起來都更讓我高興。A.moved觸動的；感動的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.shocked震驚的；D.attracted被吸引的。根據(jù)上文“Onlythendidtheinfluenceofthistinyactdawnonme.(直到那時(shí)，這小小的舉動才對我產(chǎn)生了影響。)”可知，作者送柿子的小小善舉對作者產(chǎn)生了影響，作者被這位女士的故事打動了。故選A。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.regret遺憾；B.freedom自由；C.joy快樂；D.kindness善意。結(jié)合上文中的“satisfiedtohavemadesomeoneelse________”可知，作者送完柿子后，因?yàn)檫@讓某個人開心而感到滿足，這也給作者帶來了快樂。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Someoftheculturesarewell____36____(know)tohaveexistedforalongtime.TheChinesecultureisanexampleofthesehistoriccultures,datingbackthousandsofyears.Thisisthereasonwhythiscivilization____37____(consider)thedominant(顯性的)cultureofEastAsia.WiththeChineseculture____38____(have)arichhistory,itisnosurprisethatithasadeepinfluenceonart,philosophy,and____39____(tradition)values.Moreover,theChineselanguagearchitecture,religion,andpolitics____40____(be)differentfromthoseofitsneighbouringcountriesandhaveformedastrongplaceforthecultureintheAsianregion.Oneoftheunique____41____(quality)ofChinesecultureisthestrongstressonfamilylife.Chinesepeopleputgreatimportanceonfamilyrelationship,____42____iswhytheireldersstaywiththefamilyeveninoldage.Likewise,thechildrenofthefamilyareexpected____43____(take)careoftheirparentswhentheygrowold.Thecultureofanycountryisasnapshot(快照)ofthecountry’shistory,language,____44____people.Whileitistruethateverytribe(部落)hasitsowncustoms,traditions,andculture,theplacethattheyliveinalsoplaysahugerole____45____theshapingofculture.〖答案〗36.known37.isconsidered38.having39.traditional40.are41.qualities42.which43.totake44.and45.in【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是中國文化的特色及歷史。【36題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：有些文化眾所周知已經(jīng)存在了很長時(shí)間。bewellknownto是固定短語，意為“眾所周知”，因此空格處是known，故填known。【37題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這就是為什么這個文明被認(rèn)為是東亞的主導(dǎo)文化的原因。civilization和consider之間是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，因此句子用被動語態(tài)，句子描述客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此空格處是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，主語civilization是不可數(shù)名詞，因此空格處是isconsidered，故填isconsidered。【38題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：中國文化有著悠久的歷史，它對藝術(shù)、哲學(xué)和傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響也就不足為奇了。此處是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，culture和have之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，故填having。【39題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：中國文化有著悠久的歷史，它對藝術(shù)、哲學(xué)和傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響也就不足為奇了。空格處用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞values，tradition的形容詞是traditional，意為“傳統(tǒng)的”，故填traditional。【40題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：此外，中國的語言、建筑、宗教和政治與鄰國不同，在亞洲地區(qū)形成了強(qiáng)大的文化地位。句子描述客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語“theChineselanguagearchitecture,religion,andpolitics”是復(fù)數(shù)，因此空格處用are，故填are。【41題詳析】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：中國文化的獨(dú)特品質(zhì)之一是對家庭生活的強(qiáng)烈重視。Oneof后要跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，因此空格處是復(fù)數(shù)qualities。故填qualitie