ICS07.120

CCSL04

中華人民共和國國家標準化指導性技術文件

GB/Z44235—2024/ISO/TS21237：2020

納米技術含聚合物納米纖維的

空氣過濾介質特性及測量方法

Nanotechnologies—Characteristicsandmeasurementmethodsofair

filtermediacontainingpolymericnanofibers

（ISO/TS21237：2020，Nanotechnologies—Airfiltermediacontainingpolymeric

nanofibers—Specificationofcharacteristicsandmeasurementmethods，IDT）

2024?08?23發布2025?03?01實施

國家市場監督管理總局

國家標準化管理委員會發布

GB/Z44235—2024/ISO/TS21237：2020

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范圍·······················································································································1

2規范性引用文件········································································································1

3術語和定義··············································································································1

4縮略語····················································································································2

5待測特性及其測量方法·······························································································2

5.1概述·················································································································2

5.2基本特性和可選特性及其測量方法··········································································2

5.3特性及其測量方法的描述······················································································3

5.3.1概述············································································································3

5.3.2纖維直徑······································································································3

5.3.3形貌············································································································3

5.3.4比表面積······································································································4

5.3.5化學組成······································································································4

5.3.6熱穩定性······································································································4

5.3.7晶體結構······································································································4

5.3.8結晶度·········································································································5

5.3.9晶粒尺寸······································································································5

6報告·······················································································································5

附錄A（資料性）含納米纖維空氣過濾介質的典型結構························································6

附錄B（資料性）基本特性的檢測報告格式········································································8

附錄C（資料性）可選特性的檢測報告格式········································································9

參考文獻····················································································································10

Ⅰ

GB/Z44235—2024/ISO/TS21237：2020

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結構和起草規則》的規

定起草。

本文件等同采用ISO/TS21237—2020《納米技術含聚合物納米纖維的空氣過濾介質特性及

測量方法規范》，文件類型由ISO的技術規范調整為我國的國家標準化指導性技術文件。

本文件做了下列最小限度的編輯性改動：

——為與現有標準協調，將標準名稱更改為《納米技術含聚合物納米纖維的空氣過濾介質特性

及測量方法》。

請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由中國科學院提出。

本文件由全國納米技術標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC279）歸口。

本文件起草單位：中國醫學科學院基礎醫學研究所、嘉興富瑞邦新材料科技有限公司、中國科學院

蘇州納米技術與納米仿生研究所。

本文件主要起草人：劉健、溫濤、許海燕、趙興雷、蔣攀、華婷、張學同、盛智芝。

Ⅲ

GB/Z44235—2024/ISO/TS21237：2020

引言

空氣過濾介質對不同類型空氣過濾器的性能和效率有重要作用。大多數空氣過濾介質利用無紡

材料分離固體或液體微粒。空氣過濾介質應用廣泛，如用于燃氣輪機進氣、工業除塵、呼吸面罩、個人

防護設備、供暖、通風和空調系統、潔凈室等。

近年來，含納米纖維的空氣過濾介質由于其具有高過濾效率和滑流效應所帶來的低壓降特性（見

參考文獻[5]），已商業化并被廣泛應用于不同行業。含納米纖維的空氣過濾介質通常可通過在紡絲過

程中將一種或多種聚合物基納米纖維直接沉積在適當的多孔基底表面而獲得。

由于納米纖維的直徑顯著小于過濾器中使用的傳統微纖維，因此能夠提高慣性碰撞和攔截的幾

率，從而獲得更高的過濾效率。同時，滑流也能夠減小壓降，使更多的污染物流經納米纖維表面，因而

也能提高慣性碰撞和攔截效率。在壓降相同的情況下，納米纖維層的過濾能力優于傳統纖維層。此

外，納米纖維的高比表面積有助于從空氣中吸附污染物。以上這些優點使含納米纖維的空氣過濾介質

廣泛用于空氣過濾（見參考文獻[5][6][7]）。

含納米纖維的空氣過濾介質可通過靜電紡絲、離心紡絲等不同的技術進行制造。納米纖維具有不

同的晶體結構、形貌和直徑，其沉積在基底表面形成網狀無紡層。無紡層的比表面積和互穿纖維的孔

隙率主要受納米纖維直徑和形貌的影響。聚酰胺（PA）、聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）、聚丙烯腈（PAN）和聚氨

酯（PU）等材質的高分子納米纖維通常被用于空氣過濾介質。納米纖維可以沉積在不同種類的紡織或

無紡基底上。附錄A顯示了含納米纖維空氣過濾介質的截面示意圖（見圖A.1）及顯示其典型結構、形

貌和紋理的SEM圖像（見圖A.2和圖A.3）。

本文件有助于促進供需雙方的溝通，并為該類新型空氣過濾介質不斷增長的貿易提供支持。

Ⅳ

GB/Z44235—2024/ISO/TS21237：2020

納米技術含聚合物納米纖維的

空氣過濾介質特性及測量方法

1范圍

本文件規定了基底表面含聚合物納米纖維的空氣過濾介質宜測量的特性，并描述了相應的測量

方法。

本文件不涉及健康和安全相關的特性。

注：使用已公布的相關標準對空氣過濾介質與應用相關的性質/性能進行評估。采用適合于特定應用的測試方法

對過濾介質的壓降和顆粒去除效率等物理性質和性能進行測量。

2規范性引用文件

本文件沒有規范性引用文件。

3術語和定義

下列術語和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

空氣過濾器airfilter