Unit3AustraliaPeriod2LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage同步精練（人教版選修9，課標通用）時間：30分鐘Ⅰ.短語填空asmallnumberof；getoutof；nomorethan；closeto；hometo；lookoutfor；havenoeffecton；correspondwith；oweto；fromtimetotime1.Thereare________________________ahandfulofsharkattackseachyearandonlythreedeathshavebeenreportedinthelastfiveyears.2．________________________________acrocodilehassnatchedsomeonebeforeheorsheisevenawarethatthecrocodileisthere.3．Australiais________________morethanl70differentkindsofsnakeand115ofthesearepoisonous.4．However,themajority________________________________humansorcauseonlymildsickness.5．Ifoneisspottedanalarmissoundedtowarnpeopleto________________________thewater.6．WeknowalotabouttheseearlyyearsofEuropeansettlementbecausemostmigrants________________theirfamiliesathomeandmanyoftheirlettersstillsurvive.7．Theseearlysettlers________theirsurvival________hardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.8．Inhotweather,smallplanesflyalongthecoast________________________sharks.9．Whenjellyfishare________________thebeach,youusuallyfindafewdeadonesonthebeach.10．While________________________________Australiansarebittenbyspiderseachyear:mostrecoverwithoutanymedicaltreatment.答案1.nomorethan2.Fromtimetotime3.hometo4.havenoeffecton5.getoutof6.correspondedwith7．owed;to8.lookingoutfor9.closeto10.asmallnumberofⅡ.句型轉換1．A：Hisshirtwascoveredwithspotsofoil.B：Hisshirt________________________oil.2．A：Guardswereseenthroughoutthestore.B：Guardswere________throughoutthestore.3．A：Sheranlikethewind.B：Sheran________________.4．A：Theearthquakesurvivorsareingreatneedofhelp.B：Theearthquakesurvivorsarein________needofhelp.5．A：TomobservedMaryentertheoffice.B：Marywas________________________theofficebyTom.答案1.wasspottedwith2.spotted3.veryfast4．desperate5.observedtoenterⅢ.單項填空1.Neithersideispreparedtotalkto________unlesswecansmooththingsoverbetweenthem.A．othersB．theotherC．anotherD．oneother解析句意：除非我們能消除他們之間的矛盾，否則他們兩人都不打算和對方講話。others沒有范圍，指別人；another沒有范圍，指另一個；theother指兩者中的另一方。根據neither一詞選B項。答案B2．—HowaboutyourtriptoBritain?—Oh，________thebadweather,weenjoyedourselvesindeed.A．butfor B．thankstoC．despite D．because解析句意：——你們的英國之旅怎么樣？——噢，盡管天氣不好，我們確實玩得很盡興。butfor要不是；thanksto多虧，由于；despite盡管；because因為。答案C3.Itisobviousthatthehopes,goals,fearsanddesires________widelybetweenmenandwomen,betweentherichandthepoor.A．alterB．shiftC．transferD．vary解析句意：很明顯男人和女人，富人和窮人在希望、目標、恐懼和欲望方面有很大的不同。varybetween...and由……到……的情況不等。alter更改；shift轉移，替換；transfer轉換。答案D4．Sheoweshersuccess________goodluckmorethan________ability.A．to；andB．of;toC．to;toD．to;in解析句中owe的含義是“歸功于”的意思，應與介詞to連用。句中morethan的意思是“而不是”，用作連詞連接兩個介詞短語。句意：她把她的成功歸功力于好運氣而不是她的才能。答案C5.ItwasApril29,________PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A．thatB．whenC．sinceD．before解析句意：年4月29日，英國威廉王子和凱特·米德爾頓走人婚姻殿堂。考查狀語從句。根據句意可知空格處引導時間狀語從句，故選B項。易誤選A項，認為考查強調句型，如選A項，需在April29，前加上介詞on。答案B6.Peoplehadtodealwiththelackoffood，clothing,fuelandmosteverything,________thedangerfromenemyaction.A．asfaras B．aslongasC．aswellas D．assoonas解析aswellas＝besides“除……之外(還)”；asfaras“遠到……，就/據……”；aslongas“只要”；assoonas“一……就……”。句意：除了敵人行動的危險，人們還要應對食品、衣物、燃料的缺乏以及幾乎一切事情。答案C7.Whenthethieffoundthepolicehadalready________him,heranawayquickly.A．realizedB．knownC．spottedD．stared解析spot作動詞表示“發現，看見”，符合語境。答案C8.Isit________sparingsometimeforyourhobbywhileyourclassmatesareconcentratingontheirlessons?A．worth B．worthyC．worthwhile D．valuable解析句意：你的同班同學集中注意力在功課上時，你把時間用在業余愛好上值得嗎？Isitworthwhiletodo/doing...做……值得嗎？答案C9.Usuallywhattheteachersayswillhaveadeep________onachild.A．mark B．effectC．satisfaction D．expression解析haveadeepeffecton對……產生深遠影響。答案B10.—Lookattheseblackclouds.It________soon.—Sure.Ifonlywe________out.A．israining;didn'tcomeB．istorain;won'tstartC．willrain;haven'tstartedD．isgoingtorain;hadn'tcome解析句意：——看那黑云，很快要下雨了。——肯定，我們要是沒出來就好了。答案DⅣ.閱讀理解AMotherswholiveinareasthataremoderatelypollutedbycargasesgivebirthtobabieswithlowerthanaveragebirthweight，anewAustralianstudyhasrevealed.Inparticular，scientistsfromAustraliafoundthatwomenwholivedinPerthsuburbswithmoderatetrafficemissionshadbabiesweighingaround60gramslessonaveragethantheexpectedaverageweightof3.5kilograms.Theconclusionwasbasedontheanalysisoftherecordsof1,800pregnantwomenandtheirbabiesinthreemetropolitanareas.Anassociationwasfoundinonlyoneoftheseareas，Perthsuburbs，anareawithlowindustrialactivity，withamixofpollutedandquietroads.Researcherssaidthattheytookthebaby'sweightatbirthandthenworkedouttheirexpectedsizeunderoptimalconditions.Atthesametime，acomputermodelwascalculatingtheconcentrationoftrafficemissionsaroundthehomesofmothersuptothetimetheygavebirth.Dr.GavinPereira，assistantprofessor，whospecializesintheeffectsofairpollutiononchild'shealth，foundinhispreviousresearchthatPerth'strafficpollutionwasincreasinglytheriskforaboutseventypercentofyoungkidswhosufferfromseriousasthma(哮喘)attacks.Hesaidthefindingsfromthatlateststudywereverysurprisingforhimbecausethepregnantwomenwhotookpartinthestudydidnotliveinheavilypollutedneighborhoods.“Ididnotreallyexpecttoseeanyeffect，soitwasprettysurprising，althoughsomeinternationalstudieshavefoundsomeassociations，”saidhe.Researcherssaidthattheirresultsshouldnotcreateanypanicbutratherbeawarningsignalforthefuture.Thepopulationgrowseachyearsojustthatalonewillincreasetheleveloftrafficemissions.Besides，thenumberofvehiclekilometerstravelledisexpectedtogoupsothereareplentyofreasonswhytheproblemofairpollutionisgoingtogetworse.Inaconclusion，theexpertssaidthatwhilethereisnoreasonforpregnantwomentobescared，thereisarecommendationforplannersanddevelopersnottobuildtheirhomesinashortdistancefrombusyroads.Ingeneral，peopleshouldtrytoputmaximumefforttotakepublictransportationandutilizecleanerenginetechnologiesinordertoreducethevehicleemissions.【解題導語】文章通過澳大利亞科研人員對生活在空氣污染嚴重地區的孕婦所生孩子的體重進行科學研究。結論是：生活在空氣污染嚴重地區的孕婦所生的孩子會比生活在空氣輕度污染地區的孕婦所生的孩子體重更輕。目的是喚起人們去關注環境保護，關注人類的生存狀態。1．Whichonecouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．SomeAdviceonWheretoBuildHousesB．AirPollutionandBaby'sBirthWeightC．Baby'sBirthandHouseD．AirPollutionandHuman'sLife解析該題考查學生對文章主旨大意或文章標題的歸納與概括能力。信息詞句在第一段第一句：Motherswholiveinareasthataremoderatelypollutedbycargasesgivebirthtobabieswithlowerthanaveragebirthweight，即生活在中度污染區懷孕婦女所生的孩子比平常的更輕。貫穿整篇文章，始終扣住污染區婦女與新生嬰兒體重之間的關系。答案B2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsonthemethodsofdrawingtheconclusionisTRUE?A．byanalyzingtherecordsof1,800womenandtheirbabiesinthreepollutedareasB．byweighingthenewly-bornbabyandcomparingtheaverageinidealconditionsC．byusingacomputertocalculatethedensityoftrafficgaseswherethebabiesarebornD．bycalculatingthedensityoftrafficgasesduringthewholeperiodofpregnancy解析該題考查學生的細節推斷能力。關鍵信息在第二段：①tookthebaby'sweightatbirth②workedouttheirexpectedsize③acomputermodelwascalculating。答案B3．Theunderlinedword“associations”inParagraph3probablyrefersto________.A．efficientcorporations B．helpfulorganizationsC．seriousinfluences D．causalrelationships解析該題考查學生對生詞詞義或多義詞詞義的理解與推斷能力。associations：有聯系；結合；關聯；友誼；協會。在該篇文中所表達的詞義是：懷孕婦女在空氣污染區生活與新生嬰兒體重之間存在直接的因果關系。答案D4．WhydidDr.GavinPereirafeelUNEXPECTEDathiscurrentresearchresults?A．Becausethepregnantparticipantswerenotfromtheareaspollutedseriously.B．Becauseaboutseventypercentofyoungkidssufferedfromseriousasthmaattacks.C．BecausePerth'strafficpollutionwasincreasingquickly.D．Becausethepregnantparticipantsalllivedintheheavilypollutedareas.解析該題考查細節的推斷。Pereira(佩雷拉)對目前實驗結果感到意外，原因是他的實驗對象不是來自污染很嚴重的地區。關鍵信息詞在第三段第二句：findingsfromthatlateststudywereverysurprisingforhimbecausethepregnantwomenwhotookpartinthestudydidnotliveinheavilypollutedneighborhoods。答案ABSpainisalwaysrelatedwithboldandunrestrainedcharacter.Barcelona，abeautifulcityofSpain，isthemostfamouscityinSpain.ComparedwithMadrid，thecapitalofSpain，Barcelonahasamuchlongerhistory，Inthe8thcentury，MoorsconqueredSpain.BarcelonaactedasthefocalpointfortheexchangeofscholarandscientificknowledgebetweentheEuropeanandMuslimworld.Beforethe16thcentury，itwasthecenterofSpain.In1493，themonarch(王室)receivedColumbusintheRoyalPalaceinBarcelona.Inthe16thcentury，Spainsteppedintoitsgoldenage.TheMonarchmadeMadrid，whichisinthecenterofSpain，thecapitalofSpain.BecauseboththeeastandwestcultureshavedeepinfluencetoBarcelona，todaywecanseemanyChristianbuildingsaswellasIslamic(伊斯蘭教的)buildingsthere.GothicQuarter(哥特區)istheoldtowndistrict.Manyoldhousesandmonumentsarefoundthere.TherearemanybeautifulparksinBarcelona.GiudadellaParkisthemostfamousone.It'sdesignedsowellthatUN-ECOdeclareditasaworldheritagesite(遺址)．Barcelonahasmanyinterestingfestivals.Giants，Big-headfigures，precessions，musicalperformances，fireworks，culturalandsporteventsandopen-airdancingareheldinthecity.5．ItcanbeinferredthatthepeopleofBarcelonaaregoodat________.A．combiningbotholdandmodern，eastandwestculturesB．buildingpalacesC．buldingparksD．buildingworldheritagesites解析推理判斷題。因為從第一段知道“巴塞羅那是西班牙的一顆明珠”。第二段講“巴塞羅那成了東西方文化的交匯點和交流中心。直到16世紀，巴塞羅那一直是西班牙的政治文化中心”。第三段講“因為東西方文化的共同影響，在巴塞羅那，你即可以看到西方的哥特式建筑物，又可以見到東方的穆斯林建筑物”。綜合推斷，巴塞羅那人民善于把古今文化和東西方文化整合在一起。答案A6．ItcanbeinferredthatBarcelona________.A．hasfewinterestingfestivalsB．hasalonghistorywithsplendidcultureC．hadmanyRoyalPalacesbuiltinsomeplacesofinterestD．hadmuchgold解析推理判斷題。從第一、二兩段大意“巴塞羅那是西班牙的一顆明珠，是東西方文化的交匯點和交流中心。一直是西班牙的政治文化中心”推斷，“巴塞羅那有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化”。答案B7．WhendidthemonarchreceiveColumbusintheRovalPalaceinBarcelona?A．Inthefifteenth. B．Inthefourteenth.C．Inthesixteenth. D．Intheseventeenth解析細節理解題。從第二段信息句“In1493，themonarch...ColumbusintheRoyalPalaceinBarcelona.”理解得知。答案A8．InBarcelona，youcansee________.A．MadridB．bothwestandeastpoliticsC．manyeastpalacesD．manyChristianbuildingsandIslamicbuildings解析細節理解題。從第三段信息句“todaywecanseemanyChristianbuildingsaswellasIslamicbuildingsthere.”理解得知。答案DⅤ.短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面