考點分類練(四)邏輯關系類(限時:25分鐘)Passage1(2023山東泰安二模)HowtosetupaLibraryofThingsInsteadofcluttering(亂堆放)ourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupaLibraryofThingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.1Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.Here’showtostartyourown:

Talktoyourneighbours2Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.

FindaspaceStartsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.3

WhystartaLibraryofThings?Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!4InspiredbytoollibrariesintheUSandlendinglibrariesinBerlin,westartedasmallLibraryofThingslocallyandsevenyearslaterwe’rerunningfiveLibraryofThingslocationsacrossLondon.

Whatotherimpactonthelocalarea?We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.5Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.

A.Findoutiflocalpeopleneedasharinglibrary.B.TheLibraryofThingshasamultipliereffectlocally.C.You’llneedsomemoneytosetupyoursharinglibrary.D.Butinruralareas,amobilesharinglibrarycouldwork.E.Wewerealsogettingannoyedaboutwastewewerecreating.F.Speaktootherswhohavedoneitandarewillingtosharetheirknowledge.G.Affordable,convenientandenvironmental-friendly,sharinglibrariesarepoppingup.Passage2(2023廣東潮州二模)MyheartwentouttothedramateacherIreadaboutinarecentnewsitem.EachparentfromherclassinsistedthatshecasttheirownchildasSnowWhite.Thisremindedmeofmyseventhgrademusical—“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer”.IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.1

Forstarters,Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos,andIcouldn’tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn’thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.Iwasassignedthenon-singingroleofMissWatson,themaid.Ihadtowearanuglydress.AndIhadonlyonelinetolearn,“That’swhatIsay.”2MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.

Atlast,ourproductionwasputonstage.ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith“That’swhatIsay”.Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.3

Thatnight,Ibegantounderstandthatbeingthestarmaynotbeanymorefunthanbeingastand-outinasupportingrole.Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.4Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.

AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.5

A.Soitisinlife.B.Itwasnottobe.C.Itwasanythingbutagreatpart.D.MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.E.Ittooktheentirecasttomakeagoodshow.F.Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.G.Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.Passage3(2023山東青島二模)Thebenefitsofwalkingaremany,butdecidinghowmanymilestocoverandhowmuchtimetospendwalkingeachdayisanothermatter.StudieshaveshownthattheaverageAmericantakesbetween3,000and4,000stepsdailydoingeverydaythings—about1.5to2miles.1ButtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)advisesmostadultstoaimfor10,000stepsadayorabout5miles.Andtherecommendationcontributestomorepositivehealthoutcomes.

2Youcanmeasureyoureffortsinquantitiesoftimeinstead.“Asawalker,youshouldaimforatleast30minutesperday,oratotalof150minutesperweek,”saysAustin,alicensedpsychotherapist.What’smore,if30minutesofwalkingisunrealisticforyoutodoallatonce,thenbreakingitupintothreeshort,10-minutesessions.3

Itmayalsobehelpfultohealthtomakewalkingapartofone’sdailyroutine.Peoplecantakethestairsinsteadoftheelevator,parkattheotherendofthelotandwalkafurtherdistancetoastore’sentrancewhenshopping.4Thenwalktherestofthewayhome.Alltheseadditionalstepscanbeacquiredcreatively,beyondfixedwalkingtime.

Ontopofsuchphysicalbenefits,walkinghasbeenshowntoimprovesleepandmentalhealthincludingmoodandself-esteem.5Therefore,itisfreeandwellacceptedbythemajorityofpeople.Ifoneisreadytoimproveoveralllevelsoffitness,walkingticksalltherightboxes.

A.Combinewalkingwitheverydayroutine.B.Theywillprovidethesamehealthbenefits.C.Whatifcountingresultsbymilesisn’tyourthing?D.Still,whynotgetoffpublictransportationastopearly?E.Walkingsessionsshouldbecontinuoustobebeneficial.F.Thatamountalonehasbeenshowntolowerone’sdeathrisk.G.Walkingrequiresnospecialequipment,gymmembershiportraining.Passage4(2023湖南懷化二模)Ifyouwanttomemorizesomethingquicklyandthoroughly,repetitionwon’tcutit.1Belowaresomeuniversalstepstomasteringtheartofrecallingsothatyoucanstartmemorizingatonofdatainashortamountoftime.

Makepreparations.Paycloseattentiontowhichenvironmentyouchoose.Formostpeople,thismeanschoosinganareawithfewdistractions.Figureoutwhatismostbeneficialtoyourlearningsothatyoucangetstarted.Next,startdrinkingsometea.2

Recordwhatyou’rememorizing.Thisisespeciallyusefulifyou’retryingtomemorizeinformationfromalecture.Useataperecordertotrackalloftheacquiredfactsbeingspokenandlistentoit.Ifyou’retryingtomemorizeaspeech,recordyourselfreadingthespeechaloudandlistentoyourselfspeaking.3

Beforeyoustarttryingtorecalleverythingfrommemory,writeandre-writetheinformation.Nowthatyouhaveeverythingwrittendowninonesetofnotes,separatethemintosections.Youcanusecolorcodingtodifferentiatebetweensubjects.Thiswillhelpyoubecomemorefamiliarwithwhatyou’retryingtomemorize.Applyrepetitiontoaccumulatedmemorization.4Asyoumemorizeeachsetofthetext,accumulateitbyaddingthenewinformationtowhatyou’vejustlearned.Thiswillkeepeverythingwithinyourshort-termmemoryfromfading.Keepdoingthisuntilyouhavememorizedthatsectionandyouareabletorecalltheentirething.Donotmoveontoanothersectionuntilyouhavememorizedthatonecompletely.

Teachittosomeone(oryourself).ThemosteffectivemethodformewhenIwasinschoolwastoteachtheinformationtosomeoneelse.5Ifwhatyou’velearnedneedstoberecitedliterally,thendothisinfrontofsomeoneaswellinordertogetafeelforwhatitwillbeliketorecitethetexttotheintendedaudience.

Takeabreak.Finally,letyourmindbreathe.Goforashorttimewithoutthinkingaboutwhatyoujustlearnedandcomebacktoitlateron.You’llfindoutwhatyoureallyknow,ofcourse,andthiswillhelpyoufocusonthesectionsyoumightbeweakestat.A.Recallentiresections.B.However,recallingsomethingwill.C.Writeeverythingdownandsectionyournotes.D.Youcanlecturetheknowledgetosomeonesittingrightinfrontofyou.E.Foreachlineofthetext,repeatitafewtimesandtrytorecallitwithoutlooking.F.Whiledoingunrelatedtasks,goovertheinformationbylisteningtoyourtaperecordings.G.Manyscientificstudieshaveconfirmedgreenteaasanaturalfuelforimprovingmemory.答案：考點分類練(四)邏輯關系類Passage1[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了開設一家共享物品館的步驟和它對社會經濟產生的積極作用。1.G上文“Insteadofclutteringourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupaLibraryofThingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.”提到要建立物品館,可知,空處承接上文,指出物品館出現了,與G項“價格合理、方便且環保的共享物品館正在涌現”符合,同時和下文“Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.”構成轉折關系,說明雖然共享物品館涌現,但是人們沒有去借書而是租借了其他物品。2.A根據下文“Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona‘wishlist’ofitemstheycouldborrow.”可知,通過鏈接可以讓人們對于可以借的物品進行投票是對A項“了解當地人是否需要共享物品館”內容的承接,指出了解當地人是否對共享物品館有需求這一問題的具體做法就是通過在網上讓人們投票。3.D根據上文“Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.”可知,上文介紹了在城市的哪些地方可以找到空間建立共享物品館,與D項“但在農村地區,移動共享物品館可以發揮作用”構成轉折關系,表明在鄉村地區共享物品館的形式和城市中的情況有所不同。4.E根據上文“Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!”可知,我們不想為搭架子的工具花錢,和E項“我們也對自己制造的浪費感到惱火”都是對小標題“為什么建立物品館”的原因舉例說明。5.B上文“We’verunverysuccessfulevents”及下文“Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinesses...creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.”是對B項“物品館在當地具有乘數效應”中的multipliereffect這一概念進行了解釋說明,乘數效應是指在公共工程項目之后帶來的消費水平和私人投資水平的上升,因為物品館舉辦的活動使人們的就業機會增加并支持了當地的社區空間。Passage2[語篇解讀]本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過小時候一次戲劇表演中成功扮演了一個小角色的經歷告訴我們生活中每個孩子都有機會取得成功。1.B根據空前的“IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.”可知,作者非常想扮演貝基這個角色,但是根據第二段內容可知,因為作者自身的條件,她演貝基這個角色是不可能的。由設空處上下文內容可知,此處應是一個承上啟下的句子,所以B項“Itwasnottobe.”符合題意。2.F根據空后的“MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat‘That’swhatIsay’throughouttheplay.”可知,作者雖然扮演的是個小角色,但是,作者認為對她來說是好事,因為她只需要說一句臺詞“那就是我說的”。所以F項“Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.”符合題意,空后的句子是對設空處句子的解釋。3.D根據空前的“ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatson...hercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.”可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。所以D項“MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.”符合題意。4.A由空前的“Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.”可知,作者認為在戲劇中,臺上和后臺的每個人都是必不可少的。而根據空后的“Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.”可知,作者把演戲和生活聯系在一起,生活中也不可能人人都是明星。所以,設空處的句子應該是一個承上啟下的句子,故選A項。5.G由第四段內容可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。再由空前的“AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.”可知,作者認為所有的孩子都應該有機會扮演沃森小姐,也就是說所有的孩子都有機會成功。故選G項。Passage3[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日常生活中步行的好處。1.F根據空前“StudieshaveshownthattheaverageAmericantakesbetween3,000and4,000stepsdailydoingeverydaythings—about1.5to2miles.”可知,這里繼續介紹每天走3000到4000步的好處——可以降低死亡風險。故選F項。2.C根據空后“Youcanmeasureyoureffortsinquantitiesoftimeinstead.”可知,如果不喜歡用多少英里計算步行,也可以用時間來衡量。所以C項“Whatifcountingresultsbymilesisn’tyourthing?”符合上下文語境。3.B根據空前“What’smore,if30minutesofwalkingisunrealisticforyoutodoallatonce,thenbreakingitupintothreeshort,10-minutesessions.”可知,不管是連續步行30分鐘還是分成三個10分鐘完成都能達到同樣的健康好處。所以B項“Theywillprovidethesamehealthbenefits.”符合上下文語境。4.D根據空后“Thenwalktherestofthewayhome.”可知,這里介紹日常生活中坐公共汽車可以提前一站下車,走著回家,達到步行鍛煉的目的。故選D項。5.G根據空后“Therefore,itisfreeandwellacceptedbythemajorityofpeople.”可知,前后句是因果關系,