第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答染標在試卷上。錄音內谷結束后。你游有兩分鐘的時同將試造上的答案轉涂

到答題卡上。

第一節（共5小題;每小題分，滿分分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出垠佳選項。

聽完每段對話后，你都有10秘鐘的時間來回答有關小題和網讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.€19.15.B.€9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C

1.WhatisNOToneofthewoman'ssuggestions?

A.Takesomemedicine.B.Gobackhomeearlier.C.Takeahotbath.

2.Whichfooddoesthemanusuallyavoid?

A.Cream.B.Biscuits.C.Chocolate.

3Wherewillthetwospeakersspendtheirweekend?

A.Atatouristspot.B.Inthecompany.C.Athome.

4.WhotoldMarieabouttheaccident?

A.Tom.B.Herfather.C.Lucy.

5.HowmanytimeshasthemantriedtowakePeterup?

A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.

第二節（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小

題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Bossandworker.

B.Customerandsalesperson.

C.Interviewerandinterviewee.

7.Whydoesthemanquithiscurrentjob?

A.Becausehedoesn'tlikehiscurrentcompany.

B.Becauseheisnotskilledatthejob.

C.Becausehelooksforagrowthopportunity.

聽第7段材出，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatisthewoman'sopiniontowardrainingonone'sbirthday?

A.Itisgoodforone'sgrandfather.

B.Itmeansalotofmoneyinthefuture.

C.Itcallbeseenasasurprise.

9.WhatisSusangoingtodobeforetheparty?

A.Gotoaconcert.

B.PickPeterup.

C.Preparefortheparty.

10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Makingmoney.B.Theweather.C.Abirthdayparty.

聽第8段材斜?；卮?1至13題。

11.Whydoesthewomanlikegoingtothebeach?

A.Toobserveseabirdsandwildlife.

B.Towatchthewaves.

C.Tositinthesun.

12.Whendothetwospeakersplantomeetagain?

A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday

13Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?

A.Friends.B.Atrip.C.Seabirds.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.WhydidTimdoaprojectonHowtoLeadaGreenerLife?

A.Tofindmoreinformationforhissciencelessons.

B.Todosomethingtohelptheenvironment.

C.lbgethisfamilyinterestedintheproject.

15.HowdoesTimgotoschoolnow?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.

16.WhatadviceisTimgoingtogivehisteachers?

A.Askingstudentstosendintheirhomeworkelectronically.

B.Requestingstudentstorecycleschoolpaper.

C.Makingstudentsusebothsidesofpaper.

17.WhatdoesTimthinktheschoolcafeteriashoulddo?

A.Uselocalproduce.

B.HavemeatlessMondays.

C.Stopsellingbottleddrinks.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatisthegreatestgiftthemanhasreceivedfromtennis?

A.Thesupportfromhisfans.

B.Thepeoplehehasmet.

C.Thewonderfulexperiences.

19.Howlonghastheman'scareerlasted?

A.Over14years.

B.Over15years.

C.Over24years.

20.WhatisNOToneofthereasonswhythemanchosetoendhiscompetitivecareer?

A.Histiredness.

B.Hisinjuriesandsurgeries.

C.Hisage.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）

第一帶（共15小題;每小題分，滿分分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

King'sCollegeLondon（KCI）Residencesprovideacomfortableenvironmenttoallourstudents.Thisbrochure

providesinformationforyoutoconsiderthetypeataccommodationyouwouldlike.

AngelLane

Asastate-of-the-artstudentresidence.AngelLaneoffersmostlycateredaccommodationinsinglestudy

bedrooms.Therearelistsomeensuiterooms,studiosandaccommodationforcouples.Easilyaccessiblebybusall

KOLcampusescanbereachedinabout26minutesorless.

,Weeklyfees:from￡189

,Contractlength:40,41,48and51weeks

IntercollegiateHalls

IntercollegiateHallsisaten-minutewalkfromGuy'sCampus.Offeringalimitedamountofaccommodationfbr

families:thispropertypromoteshealthyfamiliesthroughcommunityactivitiesandnearbyinfrastructurelikeschools,

greenspaces,andchildcareservices.Thesitealsooffersensuiteroomsandstudios.

?Weeklyfees:from￡337

,Contractlength:48and31weeks

UrbanestHoxton

UrbanestHoxtonisaself-cateredresidencethatissituatedineastLondoncoolestarea,withathrivingnetwork

ofbike,sportsclubs,andnightlifenearby.Itisservedbygreattransportlinkstogetyouaroundthecity.Thenumber

76bustakeyoufromthefrontdoordirectlytotheStrandCampus.

?Weeklyfees:Ensuite,from￡279

?Contractlength:51weeksonly

UrbanestWestminsterBridge

Aself-cateredresidencelocatedintheheartofLondon,theposersiswellplacedfbreasyaccesstoGuy's

Campus.SituatedonLondon\vibrantSouthBank.UrbanestWestminsterBridgeoffersspectacularviewsofthe

RiverThamesandHousesofParliament.

?Weeklyfees:Twinensuite,from￡189;Non-ensuite,from￡249;Ensuite,from￡279.Studio,from￡369

,Contractlength:40,41,48and51weeks

1.Ofthefollowingresidence,whichischild-friendly?

A.AngelLane

B.IntercollegiateHalls

C.UrbanestHoxton

D.UrbanestWestminsterBridge.

2.WhatisspecialaboutUrbanestHoxton?

A.Itoffersaneasycommutetoallcampuses.

B.ItislocatedinthesuburbofLondon.

C.Itfeaturesdynamicrecreationalactivities.

D.Itprovidesawidevarietyofaccommodation.

3.Whatdothelistedresidenceshaveincommon?.

A.A48-weekcontract.

B.Cateredaccommodation.

C.Campus-to-Campusbuses.

D.Ensuiterooms.

【答案】LB2.C3.D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了倫敦四種不同住宿類型的信息。

【1題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章IntercollegiateHalls中的"thispropertypromoteshealthyfamiliesthroughcommunity

activitiesandnearbyinfrastructurelikeschools,greenspaces,andchildcareservices4該物業通過社區活動和附近

的基礎設施，如學校、綠地和兒童保育服務，）”可知，該物業提供兒童保育服務。故選B項。

【2題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章UrbanestHoxton中的“UrbanestHoxtonisaself-cateredresidencethatissituatedineast

Londoncoolestarea,withathrivingnetworkofbike,sportsclubs,andnightlifenearby.（最城市化的霍克頓是一個

自給自足的住宅，位于倫敦東部最酷的地區，附近有蓬勃發展的自行車網絡，體育俱樂部和夜生活。）”可

知，這里有蓬勃發展的自行車網絡，體育俱樂部和夜生活。由此可知，這個地方娛樂活動很豐富。故選C

項。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據AngelLane中的“Therearelistsomeensuiterooms,studiosandaccommodationforcouples.（還

為情侶提供套間、單間和住宿。）”、IntercollegiateHalls中的“Thesitealsooffersensuiteroomsandstudios.（該

地還提供套間和工作室。）“、UrbanestHoxton中的“?Weeklyfees:Ensuite,from￡279（每周費用:套間,279

英鎊起）“和UrbanestWestminsterBridge中的“*Weeklyfees:Twinensuite,from￡189;Non-ensuite,from￡249;

Ensuite,from￡279.Studio,from￡369（雙人套間，189英鎊起；非套間，249英鎊起；套間，279英鎊起。Studio,

369英鎊起）”可知，四個地方都有套間。故選D項。

B

Thankstotherelativeanonymity（匿名）theinternetpresides,itisalltoeasytotypeupsomethingunpleasantif

notcompletelymeanandfireitoffwithoutreallyconsideringtheconsequence.Butwhatifwouldbecyberbullies

wereforcedtostopandthinkabouttheweightoftheirwordsbeforetheyhit“send”.

TrishaPrabhu,a15-year-oldhighschoolstudentfromNaperville,Minoisisencouragingpeopletodojustthat.

Twoyearsago,Prabhureadaboutan11-year-oldgirlfromFloridawhocommittedsuicideafterdealingwithaHood

ofcyberattacksfromherclassmates.Thepromisingprogrammerbecamemotivatedtousehercomputerskillsfor

good,andinventedasoftwareprogramcalledRethinkthatrecognizescommon“bullyingphrases“whentheyare

typedintoacomputer.Afteracyberbullytypesameansentence,apop-upwindowappears,askingthewriterasimple

yeteffectivequestion:"Areyousureyouwanttodothat?”Thebulliesendupdeletingtheirwords93percentofthe

time.Prabhu'sstudiesshow.

TheideaearnedPrabhuhonoursandawards,includingafinalistspotinGoogleScienceFair,atriptotheWhite

Houseforitsannualyouthscienceexhibition,andaspotinCoca-Cola's"MakeItHappy“campaign.ReThinkisnot

theonlytechnologyouttherethatisdesignedtoreducecyberbullying.DevelopedbytheSubstanceAbuseand

MentalHealthServicesAdministration(SAMHSA),theKnowBullyingappgivesconcernedparentsorcaregivers

lipsonhowtotalkwiththeirchildrenaboutbullying.Anotherapp,calledSTOPit,letschildrenandteenagerssafely

andsecretlyreportbullyingtoadultsandschooladministrators.

In2014.theCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionreportedthat14.8percentofstudentsnationwidesay

theyhavebeenvictimsofcyberbullying.Consideringthisshockingstatisticsmobileappsandanti-bellyingcomputer

programmessuchasPrabho'sholdthepotentialtohelpalotofpeople.

4.WhatwastheinventionofRethinkinspiredby?

A.Atragicnewsstory

B.Aprogrammingcompetition.

C.Ananonymouse-mail.

D.Anafter-schoolassignment.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutReThinkfromthetext?

A.ItwinsPrabhuthechampioninGoogleScienceFair.

B.Itisthefirstappaimedatpreventingcyberbullying.

C.ItachievesdesiredeffectsaccordingtoPrabhu'sstudies.

D.Itislikelytoleadaglobalcomputerprogrammecampaign.

6.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribePrabhus?

A.Caringandgenerous.

B.Creativeandkind-hearted.

C.Devotedandselfless.

D.Ambitionsandfar-sighted.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletileforthetext?

A.TechnologySavesLives

B.WaystoStopCyberbullying

C.DangersBehindtheScreen

D."ReThink"BeforeSendingMeanMessages

【答案】4A5.C6.B7.D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Rethink等防止網絡霸凌的軟件程序，希望人們在網上發送一些刻薄

語言時，能三思而行。

【4題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第二段中的"Twoyearsago,Prabhureadaboutan11-year-oldgirlfromFloridawho

committedsuicideafterdealingwithafloodofcyberattacksfromherclassmates.Thepromisingprogrammer

becamemotivatedtousehercomputerskillsforgood,andinventedasoftwareprogramcalledRethinkthat

recognizescommon"bullyingphrases"whentheyaretypedintoacomputerl兩年前，普拉布讀至!J一篇來自佛羅

里達州的11歲女孩在應對來自同學的大量網絡攻擊后自殺的報道。這位前途光明的程序員開始積極利用自

己的計算機技能，并發明了一款名為“反思”的軟件程序，可以識別輸入電腦的常見“欺凌短語"。）”可知，

Prabhu是在看到了一個11歲女孩自殺的報道后，發明了“反思”軟件程序。故選A項。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第二段中的"Afteracyberbullytypesameansenlence,apop-upwindowappears,askingthe

writerasimpleyeteffectivequestion:ltAreyousureyouwanttodothat?5'Thebulliesendupdeletingtheirwords93

percentofthetime.Prabhu'sstudiesshow.（網絡惡霸打出刻薄的句子后，會彈出一個窗口，問作者一個簡單而

有效的問題:“你確定要這么做嗎？”“93%的情況下，霸凌者最終會刪除他們說過的話。普拉布的研究表明。）”

可知，92%的情況下，霸凌者最終會刪除他們打出的刻薄的句子。由此可推知，該程序達到了Prabhu的預

期效果。故選C項。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第二段中的"Twoyearsago,Prabhureadaboutan11-year-oldgirlfromFloridawho

committedsuicideafterdealingwithafloodofcyberattacksfromherclassmates.Thepromisingprogrammer

becamemotivatedtousehercomputerskillsforgood,andinventedasoftwareprogramcalledRethinkthat

recognizescommon"bullyingphrases"whentheyaretypedintoacomputer.（兩年前，普拉布讀到一篇來自佛羅

里達州的11歲女孩在應對來自同學的大量網絡攻擊后自殺的報道。這位前途光明的程序員開始積極利用自

己的計算機技能，并發明了一款名為“反思”的軟件程序，可以識別輸入電腦的常見“欺凌短語"。）”可知，

在讀到一個II歲女孩因同學大量的網絡攻擊而自殺的報道后，Prabhu利用自己的計算機技能，開發了“反

思、”軟件程序。由此可推知，Prabhu是一個富有創造力又很熱心的人。故選B項。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。閱讀文章可知，文章第一段提到了人們很容易在網上打出一些刻薄的話，不考慮后果就發出

去，并提出“如果能在發送之前，被迫停下來思考他們的話的分量”這一問題：第二段介紹了Prabhu開發

Rethink程序的啟發和目的；第三、四段介紹了其他減少網絡霸凌的技術和好處。由此可推知，本文通過

Rethink這一程序，讓人們在網上發送一些刻薄話語時，能三思。D項<<uReThink^^BeforeSendingMean

Messages（在發送刻薄的信息之前要“三思”）”最能概括全文。故選D項。

C

Fromorderingfoodtobuyinganewbooktomakingacharitabledonation.Moreandmoredecisionsthatusedto

bemadeonpaperarenowbeingmadeondigitaldevicesliketables,phones,andcomputers.Andthistrendtoward

digitalizationhasmanyadvantages,inparticularwhenitcomestoefficiencyandsustainabilitybutcoulditalsobe

negativelyinfluencinghowwemakedecisions?

Weconductedaseriesofstudieswithmorethan2,500participantsacrosstheU.S.andChinatoexplorethe

impactofthemediumtheyusetomakeadecision,withaparticularfbcusondecisionswithsomesortofmoral

component.Weaskedtheparticipantstomakeavarietyofchoicesusingeitherapaperformoradigitaltablet,and

foundthatpeoplewhousedpapermademorevirtuousdecisionsthanthosethanusedadigitaldevice.

Whymightthisbe?Ourresearchsuggeststhatthekeyfactordrivingthiseffectishow"real"thedecisionfeels.

Weaskedparticipantstodescribehowrealadecisionfelt,aswellastheextenttowhichtheyperceivedthedecision

asrepresentingwhotheywore,andtheyconsistentlyindicatedthatmakingachoiceonpaperfeltmorerealand

representativethanmakingthesamedecisiononadigitaldevice.Follow-upanalysesconfirmedthatwhenadecision

feltmorerealparticipantsweremorelikelytogowiththemoralorresponsibleoption.

Itmayseemlikeaminordetail,butourresearchshowsthatthemediumwithwhichyourcustomers,employees,

orcommunitymembersmakeadecisioncanhaveamajorimpactonthechoicestheymake.Thishasimplicationsfor

marketers,policymakers,andanyoneseekingtoencourageanysortofvirtuousbehavior.

Ofcourse,usingpaperisfarfromaguaranteeofvirtuousbehaviorandacertainlydoesn'tmakesenseinevery

context.Therewerebusinessesforwhichpapersjustisn'tpractical,suchase-commerceplatforms.Inthesecontests,

managersmaywanttoexploreotherstrategiesthatcouldpotentiallymakedecisionsseemmorerealindigital

contexts.

8.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Tocontradictabelief.

B.Topresentareport.

C.Tosuggestapossibility.

D.Toanalyzeaphenomenon.

9.Whatcanweconcludefromthestudies?

A.Digitalizationmakesourlifemoredifferentandsustainable.

B.Peoplewhousepapertomakeadecisionmorevirtuous

C.Weareaffectedbythemediuminvolvedindecision-making

D.Participantspreferpapertoadigitaldevicewhenmakingdecisions

10.Whatcontributestoamorevirtuousdecisionaccordingtothethirdparagraph?

A.Arolemodel

B.Asenseofreality

C.Aconvenientdevice.

D.Aseriousoccasion.

11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheuseofpaperwhenmakingadecision?

A.Favorable

B.Objective

C.Doubtful

D.Opposed.

【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過研究分析了在紙上做決策的優點和缺點。

8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第一段"Fromorderingfoodlobuyinganewbooktomakingacharitabledonation.Moreand

moredecisionsthatusedtobemadeonpaperarenowbeingmadeondigitaldevicesliketables,phones,and

computers.Andthistrendtowarddigitalizationhasmanyadvantages,inparticularwhenitcomestoefficiencyand

sustainabilitybutcoulditalsobenegativelyinfluencinghowwemakedecisions?（從訂餐到買新書再到慈善捐贈。

越來越多以前在紙上做出的決定現在在桌子、電話和電腦等數字設備上做出。這種數字化趨勢有很多優勢，

特別是在效率和可持續性方面，但它也會對我們的決策產生負面影響嗎？）”可知，第一段提出了--種現象：

越來越多以前在紙上做出的決定現在在桌子、電話好電腦等數字設備上做出。由此可知，第一段的目的在

于分析一種現象。故選D項。

9題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第二段中的"Weaskedtheparticipantstomakeavarietyofchoicesusingeitherapaperform

oradigitaltablet,andfoundthatpeoplewhousedpapermademorevirtuousdecisionsthanthosethanusedadigital

device4我們要求參與者使用紙質表格或數字平板電腦進行各種選擇，發現使用紙質表格的人比使用數字設

備的人做出了更有道德的決定。）”可知，研究發現使用紙質表格的人比使用數字設備的人作出了更有道德

的決定。故選B項。

【10題詳解】

細節理解題o根據文章第三段中的"Whymightthisbe?Ourresearchsuggeststhatthekeyfactordrivingthiseffect

ishow"rear5thedecisionfbels.（為什么會這樣呢？我們的研究表明，驅動這種影響的關鍵因素是決定給人的

感覺有多“真實二）”可知，驅使人做出更道德的決定的關鍵因素是“真實感二故選B項。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“Ilmayseemlikeaminordetail,butourresearchshowsthatthemediumwithwhich

yourcustomers,employees,orcommunitymembersmakeadecisioncanhaveamajorimpactonthechoicesthey

make.Thishasimplicationsformarketers,policymakers,andanyoneseekingtoencourageanysortofvirtuous

behavior.（這似乎是一個小細節，但我們的研究表明，客戶、員工或社區成員做出決策的媒介會對他們做出

的選擇產生重大影響。這對營銷人員、政策制定者以及任何試圖鼓勵任何形式的道德行為的人都有影響。）”

和第五段“Ofcourse,usingpaperisfarfromaguaranteeofvirtuousbehaviorandacertainlydoesn'tmikesensein

everycontext.Therewerebusinessesforwhichpapersjustisn'tpractical,suchase-commerceplatforms.Inthese

contests,managersmaywanttoexploreotherstrategiesthatcouldpotentiallymakedecisionsseemmorerealin

digitalcontexts4當然，使用紙張遠不能保證有良好的行為，當然也不是在任何情況下都有意義。有些行.業，

比如電子商務平臺，紙張并不實用。在這些競爭中，經理們可能想要探索其他策略，這些策略可能會讓決

策在數字環境中看起來更真實。）”可知，作者既提到了通過紙張做決策帶來的積極影響，也提到了紙張在

某些行業的不實用。由此可知，作者的態度是客觀的。故選B項。

D

Recently,VenetiaBerry,anartistinLondon,countedupthefreecottontotebagsthatshehadaccumulatedinher

closet.Therewereatleast25.“YougetthemwithoutchoosingJMs.Berrysaid.Cottonbagshavebecomeameans

forretailers,brandsandsupermarketstotelegraphaplanet-friendlyvalue-or,atleast,toshowthatthecompaniesare

awareoftheoveruseofplasticinpackaging.

Sofar,soearth-friendly?Notexactly.Itturnsoutthewholeheartedembraceofcottontotesmayactuallyhave

createdanewproblem.

Anorganiccottontoteneedstobeused20,000timestooffsetitsoverallimpactsorproduction,accordingtoa

2018studybytheMinistryofEnvironmentandFoodDenmark.Thatisequivalenttodailyusefor54yearsorjust

onebag.Accordingtothat,itall25ofhertotehagswereorganic,Ms.Berrywouldhavetoliveformorethana

thousandyears.

“Cottonusespesticides（ififsnotorganicallygrown）anditissowaterintensive,saidMaxineBedar,adirector

attheNewStandardInstitute,anonprofitfocusedonfashionandsustainabilityAndshehas“yettofindamunicipal

compost（城市堆月巴）thatacceptstextileslikecotton-somethingthafsmucheasiersaidthandone^^.Evenwhena

totedoesmakeittoatreatmentplant,mostdyes（染料）usedtoprintlogosontototesarePVC-basedandthusnot

recyclable:they“havetobecutoutofthecloth”,saidChristopherStanev;theco-fbunderofEvrnu,aseattie-based

textilerecyclingfirm.Thenthereistheissueofturningoldclothintonew,whichisalmostasenergyintensiveas

makingitinthefirstplace.

“Thecottontotedilemma”,saidLauraBalmond,themanagerfortheMakeFashionCircularcampaign,t€isa

reallygoodexampleofunintendedconsequencesofpeopletryingtomakepositivechoices,andnotunderstanding

theftilllandscape”.

12.Whydidcompaniesintroducecottonbags?

A.Tolowerpackagingcosts.

B.Tocatertopeople'sfashionsense.

C.Toshapeaneco-friendlybrandimage.

D.Toconsumefewernaturalresources.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword€toffsef,inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Evaluate.

B.Achieve.

C.Enhance.

D.Balance.

14.Whichofthefollowingisaproblemwithcottonbags?

A.Lowprofitability.

B.Wastemanagement.

C.Waterpollution.

D.Lackofrecyclability.

15.WhatisLauraBalmond'sunderstandingofthepromotionofcottonbags?

A.Itisasuccessfulstory.

B.Itfailstowinpeople'ssupport.

C.Itbenefitsfashionbrands.

D.Itisashort-sighteddecision.

【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了棉質手提袋給環境帶來的不良影響0

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“Cottonbagshavebecomeameansforretailers,brandsandsupermarketsto

telegraphaplanet-friendlyvalue-or,atleast,toshowthatthecompaniesareawareoftheoveruseofplasticin

packaging.（棉布袋已經成為零售商、品牌和超市傳達環保價值觀的一種手段，或者至少表明這些公司意識到

了塑料包裝的過度使用。）”可知，棉布袋已經成為零售商、品牌和超市傳達環保價值觀的一種手段。由此

可推知，他們使用棉布袋只是為了塑造自己的環保品牌形象。故選C項。

33題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據文章第三段中的"Anorganiccottontoteneedstobeused20,000timestooffsetitsoverall

impactsorproduction,accordingtoa2018studybytheMinistryofEnvironmentandFoodDenmark.Thatis

equivalenttodailyusefor54years---orjustonebag（丹麥環境與食品部2018年的一項研究顯示，一個有機棉

手提包需要使用2萬次才能抵消其整體影響或產量。這相當于一只袋子54年的日常使用量）”可知，一只有

機棉手提包需要使用兩萬次才能offset它的整體影響或產量，相當于一只袋子54年的日常使用量。由此可

推知，此處指一只有機棉手提袋要使用兩萬次才能與其帶來的整體影響相平衡。offset為動詞，表示“補償、

抵消"。A.Evaluate評估、估價；B.Achieve達到、取得、實現；C.Enhance增強、提高；D.Balance使保持

平衡。四個選項中，只有D項“Balance”與offset含義相近。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第四段中的""Cottonusespesticides（ifit,snotorganicallygrown）anditissowater

intensive,saidMaxineBedar,adirectorattheNewStandardInstitute,anonprofitfocusedonfashionand

sustainabilityAndshehas“yettofindamunicipalcompost（城市堆肥）thatacceptstextileslikecotton-something

thafsmucheasiersaidthandone”.Evenwhenatotedoesmakeittoatreatmentplant,mostdyes（染料）usedtoprint

logosontototesarePVC-basedandthusnotrecyclable:they“havetobecutoutofthecloth”,saidChristopher

Stanev;theco-founderofEvrnu,aseattie-basedtextilerecyclingfirm.Thenthereistheissueofturningoldcloth

intonew,whichisalmostasenergyintensiveasmakingitinthefirstplace.（"棉花使用殺蟲劑（如果不是有機種植

的話），而且耗水量很大，”新標準研究所（一個專注于時尚和可持續發展的非營利組織）的主管Maxine-Bedar

說。她還沒有“找到一個可以接受棉花等紡織品的城市堆肥一一這說起來容易做起來難”。即使手提袋被送

到了處理廠，大多數用于在手提袋上印log。的染料都是聚氯乙烯制成的，因此不可回收；克里斯托弗?斯

坦尼夫（西雅圖紡織品回收公司Evmu的聯合創始人）說，它們“必須從布上剪下來”。然后是把舊布變成

新布的問題，這幾乎和最初生產舊布一樣消耗能源。）”可知，有機棉布袋無法作為城市堆肥，即使送到處

理廠，大多數手提袋也是不可回收的。由此可知，棉布袋缺乏再循環能力。故選D項。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“"Thecottontotedilemma^^,saidLauraBalmond,themanagerfortheMake

FashionCircularcampaign,t4isareallygoodexampleofunintendedconsequencesofpeopletryingtomakepositive

choices,andnotunderstandingthefiilllandscape，/“讓時尚循環”活動的經理勞拉，巴爾蒙德說：“棉手提包

的困境是一個很好的例子，說明人們試圖做出積極的選擇，卻不了解全貌，反而帶來了意想不到的后果

可知，LauraBalmond認為，棉手提包這一例子表明，雖然人們認識到了環保的重要性，試圖做出積極的選

擇，但由于不了解全貌，反而帶來了意想不到的效果。由此可推知，用棉手提包實際上是一個目光短淺的

決定。故選D項。

第二節（共5小題;學小題25分,滿分今

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的造項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Fromredapplesandyellowlemonstoblueberriesandgreenmelons,fruitcomesinmanydifferentcolors.

16

Accordingtoscientists,fruitcolorsactuallycomefromtheirdifferentpigments（色素），suchasredoryellow

carotenoid（類胡蘿卜素）andblueorpurpleanthocyanin（花青素）.Thesepigmentsappearindifferentamounts,

dependingonthefhiit'senvironment.Thiscausesthefruittoturnacertaincolor.

17Theyfoundthatredfruittendstogrowincoolerplaces.Insteadofjustgrowinginoneplace,youcan

findthemgrowinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Blueandpurplefruitmostlygrowsinwarmplaces.18

Thescientistsalsofoundthatthecloserthefruitistotheequator,thedarkeritscolorwillbe.

19Animalseatfruitanddroptheseedsinotherplaceslater.Thishelpsthefruitspreadandgrowin

differentplaces.However,animalsseecolorsinadifferentway.Therefore,inordertoattractanimals,somefruit

developcolorsthatareeasyforanimalstosee.Forexample,birdscanseeredmoreeasilythanhumanscan.

20Thelemurs（狐猴）ofMadagascararered-greencolorblind.Manyyellowfruitcanbefoundintheir

habitats,astheycaneasilyseethiscolor.

A.Howdoestemperatureinfluencefruitcolors?

B.Thesefruitstendtogrowalotinjustonespecificarea.

C.Whydodifferentkindsoffruithavesomanycolors?

D.However,adarkercolordoesn'tmeanabetterkindoffruit.

E.Sotheretendstobemoreredfruitinareaswherebirdslive.

F.Animalshavealsohadaninfluenceontheevolutionoffruitcolors.

G.Scientistsstudiedmorethan280differentfruitcolorstofindouthowenvironmentaffectsfruitcolors.

【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.F20.E

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。水果有很多不同的顏色，文章介紹了不同種類的水果為什么有這么多顏色。

【16題詳解】

根據上文提示“從紅色的蘋果和黃色的檸檬到藍莓和綠色的瓜，水果有很多不同的顏色?！背薪由衔?，C項

Whydodifferentkindsoffruithavesomanycolors?（為什么不同種類的水果有這么多顏色？）切題。故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據下文提示“他們發現紅色的水果往往生長在較冷的地方.”承接下文，G項Scientistsstudiedmorethan280

differentfruitcolorstofindouthowenvironmentaffectsfruitcolors.（科學家們研究了超過280種不同的水果顏

色，以找出環境是如何影響水果顏色的。）切題。故選G。

【18題詳解】

根據上文提示“藍色和紫色的水果大多生長在溫暖的地方?！痹俑鶕挛奶崾尽翱茖W家們還發現，越靠近赤

道的果實顏色越深?！俺薪由舷挛?，B項Thesefruitstendtogrowalolinjustonespecificarea.（這些水果往往

只在一個特定的地區大量生長。）切題。故選B。

【19題詳解】

根據下文提示“動物吃水果，然后把種子撒到其他地方承接下文，F項Animalshavealsohadaninfluence

ontheevolutionoffruitcolors.（動物對水果顏色的進化也有影響。）切題。故選F。

【20題詳解】

根據上文提示“例如，鳥類比人類更容易看到紅色。”承接上文，E項Sotheretendstobemoreredfruitinareas

wherebirdslive.（因此，鳥類生活的地區往往有更多的紅色水果。）切題。故選E。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）

第一節（共15題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

Theterm“theimaginaryaudience^^wasinventedbyAmericanchildpsychologistDavidElkindin1967.Itis

definedasanadolescent^psychologicalstate21bythebeliefthatpeoplearoundareeagerlywatchingor

listeningtohimorher.Thisisbecause22areawareofthephysicalchangesoccurringintheirbodies.And

theyare23concernedwithhoweveryoneis24thesechanges.

The25oftheimaginaryaudiencearecommon.Teenswouldrepeatedlychangetheirclothestolook

26toothers.Ortheywouldfollowdifferentongoing27thatmayhelpthemfitintosociety.Ifwearing

checkeredshirtsandjeansisthecurrentfashion,teenswoulddresslikethatjusttogiveagood28ontheir

imaginaryaudiences.Teensalsoworryaboutthe29mistakestheymakeinsocialsettings.Ablackhead

couldmakeanadolescentgirl30alldayasshefeelsthatsheisbeingwatchedandjudged.However,in

reality,thereareonlyasmallpercentageofpeoplewhoareactuallyinterestedinhowsomebodyelse31.