第5講:狀語從句

學生姓名年級高三授課教師王老師備課時間

教學

狀語從句

目標

重、難

考點

教學內容

狀語從句

一、定義

在句中作狀語的從句是狀語從句，修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句由從屬連詞引導，

從屬連詞在句中不充當句子成分，只起連接作用，狀語從句放在句首時，要用逗號，放在句尾時不

用。

二、分類

根據意義上的不同，狀語從句可分為：①時間狀語從句②地點狀語從句③原因狀語從句④目的狀語

從句⑤條件狀語從句⑥結果狀語從句⑦讓步狀語從句⑧方式狀語從句⑨比較狀語從句

三、時間狀語從句

(一)引導時間狀語從句的連詞有：as,when(whenever),before,after,assoonas,until(till),

since,everytime,once.

(二)、“as”as,when,while都有“當……的時候”，可以互用

Whenshewasachild.

Whileshewasachild.SheLivedinParis.

Asshewasachild.

as有“一邊---一邊”的意思

Hesangashewalked.

“when”

Whentheclockstrucktwelve,allthelightswentout.

Iwassleepingwhenshecamein.動補

Whenwearrivedatthestation,thetrainhadleft.

“while”主、從句動作或狀態同時發生。用while引導的從句用延續性動詞，常表示較長的時間

或一個過程。

Whilewewerehavingsupper,allthelightswentout.

Pleasekeepquietwhileothersarestudying.

WhileIwaswritingletterslastnight,hewaswatchingTV.

when,while并列連問。when和while都可用作并列連問，連接并列分句。When表示“就在...

的時候”，while意反而，可是，表示轉折。OneeveningBeethovenwaswalkinginastreet,

whenhesuddenlystoppedoutsidealittlehouse.

并列連詞引導并列句，意思是就在那時。

（三）、主句是一般將來時，時間狀語從句用一般現在時表將來，主句是過去將來時，從句用一般

過去時表示過去將來時，主句是一般過去時，從句用一般過去時。

1.r11callyouwhenIgetthere.

2.Theysaidtheywouldleavewhentheygotthenew.

3.Theyleftassoonastheygotthenew.

Whenever無論什么時候，隨時

1.Wheneversomeonethrowsinsomerubbish,thetruckproducesapieceofmusic.

每當有人扔進一些垃圾時，它（汽車）就放一段音樂。

2.Wheneverwe'reintrouble,theywillhelpus.

3.Igotothetheatre,wheneverIamfree.

4.Comeandseemewheneveryouwantto.你隨時來看我。

till和until（表示"直到……”）句首多用until

1、在肯定句中表示“直到……為止”，主句謂語動詞要用延續性動詞。

Iwaswaitinguntil/tillhearrived.

2、在否定句中表示“直到……才”主句謂語動詞常用終止性動詞，這時until和till常被before

替換。

Ididn，tleavetill/untilshecameback.

since:主句用完成時，從句用一般過去時，since引導的從句間或可用現在完成時。

ItistwoyearssinceIhavestudiedEnglish.

1.Wehaveknowneachothersincewewerechildren.

2.Wehavebeenfriends（eversince）sincewemetatschool.

3.Itis...（一段時間）+since+一般過去時態句子。

Itistwoyearssincemysistermarried.

...（一段時間）have/haspassedsince+一般過去時態句子

Twosistershave/haspassedsincemysistermarried.

Since+時間點

1.Ihavebeenathomesincethreeo'clockthisafternoon.

2.MariahasbeeninChinasincetwoyearsago.

*everytime,eachtime,nexttime

Everytimeyougetbackatnight,youdropyourbootsonthefloor.

EverytimeIcatchcold,Ihavepaininmyback.

（everytime分寫不可以合寫）比較everyday（adj）日常的，普通的

everyday是名詞短語，每天，天天

NexttimeIgothere,Iwillvisitthem.

*once一旦…就

Onceyoubegin,youmustgoon.你一開了頭，就應該繼續下去。

四、地點狀語從句

地點狀語從句用where,wherever引導

Weshouldgowherethepeopleneedus.我們應該去人民需要我們的地方。

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。

Wherevertheywent,theyreceivedawormwelcome.

無論他們走到哪兒都受到熱烈歡迎。

Shefollowhimwhosehegoes.他無論到哪里她總跟著。

五、原因狀語從句

原因狀語從句用because（因為），since（既然），as（由于）引導

1、字母由多到少，語氣由強到弱。

2、由why提問必須用because回答。

Since,as不回答why的提問，而且從句一般放在句首，because一般放在主句之后。

3^beforeof+名詞

Becauseoftherain,wedidn，tgotothepark.

4、because和so不可連用，只能選其一。（另有although,but）

Whydidn，thecometoschool?Becausehewasill.

SinceImustdie,Imust.既然我一定要死，我一定這樣做。

Sincealotofpeoplemakemistakesinlife,MrSmithwantedtogiveJohnaChance.

5、for并列連詞，不能放在句首，主要放在兩個并列句之間。For所提供的理由為一個補充說明,

而且前面常有逗號隔開。

Thedaysweshort,foritisDecembernow.

*改錯Becauseheisillisthereasonwhyhecan，tcome.（Because改為that）

六、目的狀語從句

目的狀語從句用so（常用于口語），that,sothat,inorderthat引導

目的狀語從句的謂語常含有may,might,can,could,should,would等情態動詞。

1.We，11sitnevertothefrontsowecanhearbetter.

2.Hestudiedhardsothathemightsucceed.他努力學習，以便成功。

3.r11speakslowlysothatyoucantakenotes.我慢慢講,以便你們能做筆記。

4.Theyhurriedtothestationinorderthattheycouldcatchthetrain.

他們急忙趕往火車站，以便能趕上火車。

5.ItookataxisothatIcouldgetthereearlier.

6.rmgoingtothelectureearlysothatImaygetagoodseat.

我打算早些去聽講座，以便找個好座位。

七、條件狀語從句

條件狀語從句由if,unless,(so)aslongas(只需)引導

在條件狀語從句中要用一般時表示將來時(與時間狀語從句相同)

Wewillmissthetrainifyoudon，thurry.

Hesaidwewouldmissthetrainifwedidn，thurry.

Youwillfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard,(ifyoudon，tstudyhard)

Hewon，tcomeunlessheisinvited,(ifheisn，tinvited)

Eatlessfoodunlessyouwanttobecomefatter,(ifyoudon，twanttobecomebetter)

Aslongasyouarenotafraidofdifficulties,youaresuretosucceed.

Aslongasyoudon，tloseheart,youwillsucceed.

八、結果狀語從句

結果狀語從句由such…that,so….that,sothat,that引導

1.such…that的常用句型

such+a/an+形容詞+可數名詞單數+that

such+形容詞+可數名詞單數+that

Such+形容詞+可數名詞復數(不可數名詞)+that

注意somany(much,few,little)+名詞，suchalotof(或lotsof)+名詞是慣用法，不可亂

用。

Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthatwealllikeher.

Theyweresuchbeautifulflowerthatweboughthome.

Itwassuchdeliciousfoodthattheyateitup.

2.so+形容詞或副詞+that

so+形容詞+a/an+可數名詞單數+that

Heissorichthathecanbuylotofthingsforhimself.

Heworkssohardthathedideverythingwell.

Itwassohotadaythatweallwentswimming.

Itwassuchagooddaythatweallwentswimming.

3.sothat,that都可以引導結果狀語從句

Hedidn，tstudyhard,(so)thathefailedtheexam.

4.too…to,enough-?*to可以引導結果狀語從句與so…that替換，so…that結構可以用too…to

替換必須具備兩個條件，一是主句和結果狀語從句的主語必須一致，二是從句中的謂語部分必須含

有can(could)not.

Sheisyoungthatshecan，tgotoschool.

Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.

Sheisn，toldenoughtogotoschool.

九、讓步狀語從句

although,though

eventhough=evenif,whether…or

however=nomatterhow

whatever=nomatterwhat

whoever=nomatterwho

whenever=nomatterwhen

wherever=nomatterwhere

"although和though都表示“雖然”只是although更正式，多用于句首,而though用于句中，

二者都可與yet,still連用，但不與but連用

Although/Thoughtheyarepoor,theyoftenhelpothers.

Theyarepoor,buttheyoftenhelpothers.

Althoughhehasfailedmanytimes,hedoesn，tgiveuptrying.

Whatever/Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon，tbelieveyou.

Nomatterwhatyousay,Idon，tcare.

Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustobeytherulesofourschool.

Howeverhardhetried,hefailedagain.

Nomatterwhattheweatherislike,youcanalwaysfindsurfersoutridingthewaves.

十、方式狀語從句

方式狀語從句由as(如同，按照)，asif(though)引導

*as和like都有“像”的意思，as是連詞，后面連接句子，like是介詞后面可加名詞、代詞或名

詞性短語。

Ididtheworkasothersdid.相當于Ididlikeothers.

YoumustdoasIdo.

asif(though)兩者意義相同，從句謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，但實現可能性較大，則用連接詞。

Itseemsasif/thoughit'sgoingtorain.

Theyaretalkingasif/thoughtheywereoldfriends.

ShetreatsmeasifIwereherbrother.

Whenyouareinhome,doastheRomansdo.

例YoumustdoItoldyou.

A.afterB.beforeC.whereD.as(D)

Thestudentsmustdotheteachertoldthem.

A.asB.beforeC.afterD.if(A)

十一、比較狀語從句

比較狀語從句由as…as,notas(so)…as,than,the+比較級，the+比較級引導

Heswimsaswellasyou.(do)

Hedoesn，tswimaswellasyou(do).

Hegothereearlierthanyou.(did)

Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.

例題狂學

鞠嘲嘲

一：單項選擇

1.Don'tbeafraidofaskingforhelpitisneeded.

A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when

2.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners9curiosityhereachestheendofthestory.

A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until

3.Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.

A.EventhoughB.UnlessC.AslongasD.while

4Youwillsucceedintheendyougiveuphalfway.

A.evenifB.asthoughC.aslongasD.unless

5.“Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?^^“Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecame

oneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.^^

A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when

6.Isuggest,healwaysdisagrees.

A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Whoever

7.Youshouldputonthenoticesallthepeoplemayseethem.

A.whereB.inwhichC.atD.forthem

8.shegoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.

A.WhereverB.HoweverC.WhicheverD.Whoever

9.Maryclappedherhandoverhermouthsherealizedwhatshehadsaid.

A.whileB.assoonasC.suddenlyD.then

10.________herfaults,she'sArnold'smother.Don'tbesorudetohe匚

A.WhateverB.WhatC.WhicheverD.Whenever

11.____you'regotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.

A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas

12.IthoughtshewastheverygirlthatIshouldmarry_______Imether.

A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime

13.Don'tplaybytheriver_______youfallinanddrown!

A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderthatD.when

14.Whydoyouwantanewjob____you'vegotsuchagoodonealready?

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

15.Heisbetterthan_______Ilastvisitedhim.

A.whenB.thatC.howD.which

1.選Dowhen意為“在（當）......時候:其余三項填入空格處，句意不通。

2.選D。until意為“直到”，句意為“一位優秀的故事講述者必須能夠讓聽眾在故事結束前一直保持好奇心”。

3.選Coaslongas意為“只要”，全句意為“只要我知道這錢是安全的，我就不會擔心了，類似地，下面一

題也選aslongas：

“Whatarcyougoingtodothisafternoon??'THprobablygoforawalklateronitstays

A.asfarasB.aslongas

C.evenifD.asif

4.選Dounless意為“如果不”、“除非”，用以引導一個條件狀語從句。

5.選Co考查not...until...句式，其意為“直到……才……

6.選B。whatever引導的是讓步狀語從句，相當于nomatterwhat。注意不能選A,因為suggest是及物動

詞，它應帶自己的賓語，而however不能用作賓語。

7.選A。where指“在……的地方”，用以引導地點狀語從句。

8.選A,wherever意為“無論什么地方

9.選Bo根據語境可推知。如下面一題也選assoonas：

hebecamerichhecastasideallhisoldfriendswhogavehimsomehelp.

A.WhileB.Assoonas

C.SuddenlyD.Then

10.選A。whateverherfaults為讓步狀語從句，句末省略了謂語動詞are?

11.選Aonowthat為連詞，用以引導原因狀語從句，其意為“既然"，與since同義。其中的mightaswell

意為“不妨”。全句意為“既然你得到一個機會，你不妨充分利用它工

12.選C。thefirsttime在此用作連詞，用以引導狀語從句。句意為“我第一次見到她就認為她很誠實”。

13.選C。incase意為"以防

14.選Dowhen不表示“當……的時候”，而表示“既然”，相當于since,用以引導原因狀語從句。全句意為:

你既然已經有了這么好的工作，干嗎還要找新的工作呢？請再兩例：

Ican'ttellyouwhenyouwon'tlisten.既然你不想聽，我就不告訴你了。

Whyusewoodwhenyoucanuseplastic?既然能用塑料，為什么還要用木料？

15.選A。than后省略了hewas,假若補充完整，全句即為HeisbetterthanhewaswhenIlastvisitedhim.

練習狂練

二.完形填空

Thirty-six-year-oldBobBlackisaworkaholic.Heisalwayssittingathisdeskand_21—throughhis

paperwork.Bob___22___wakesupaboutfiveminutesbeforehisalarmclock___23___.Assoonashe

hearsmyalarmclock,hewilljumpoutofhisbed.It_24___himlessthanfifteenminutestowash,get

___25_,havebreakfast,leavehomeandgetonabus.Bobisalwaysthefirstperson_26___theoffice.

Themorningsarealwaysverybusyandtheafternoonsareeven__27—!Meetingsandphonecalls

—28___alargepartoftheday.Everyminuteofthedayis_29___urgentmatters.By_30___eight

o'clock,Bobusuallyfindssometimetodohisownpaperworkand_31___someofhispersonale-mails.

WhenBobgetshomeataboutten,hewilllookatsomedocumentsthathebringsbackfromtheofTice

—32—hecanbereadyforthenext_33___work.Bobgetstobedaroundmidnight_34—hiswifeand

childrenarealready_35__.Bob_36_hastimeforfunandotheractivitieswithhisfamily.Hisfamily

—37___aboutit.Buthetriestoworkhardsothathecan_38—moremoneyforhisfamily._39___,

Bobwillget_40___ifthere5snothingtodo.Helikesbeingbusy.

21.A.workingB.workC.worksD.worked

22.A.unfortunatelyB.friendlyC.normallyD.finally

23.A.switchonB.goesoffC.switchoffD.turnover

24.A.tookB.spendC.spentD.takes

25.A.changeB.changingC.tochangeD.changed

26.A.togettoB.gettoC.getstoD.gettingto

27.A.busyB.relaxingC.busierD.relaxed

28.A.takeoverB.takeupC.takeoffD.takeout

29.A.filledwithB.filledofC.fullwithD.fulledof

30.A.atB.aroundC.fromD.in

31.A.tellB.makeC.callD.answer

32.A.inorderB.inordertoC.sothatD.soasto

33.A.dayB.daysC.days'sD.day's

34.A.whenB.whileC.becauseD.since

35.A.sleepB.asleepC.wakeD.awake

36.A.seldomB.everC.oftenD.few

37.A.complainsB.comesC.talksD.thinks

38.A.payB.makeC.takeD.cost

39.A.BesideB.HoweverC.LuckilyD.Besides

40.A.excitingB.boringC.boredD.excited

三.閱讀理解

Ifwewereaskedexactlywhatweweredoingayearago,weshouldprobablyhavetosaythatwe

couldnotrememberButifwehadkeptabookandhadwritteninitanaccountofwhatwedideachday,

weshouldbeabletogiveananswertothequestion.

ItisthesameinhistoryManythingshavebeenforgottenbecausewedonothaveanywritten

accountofthemSometimesmendidkeeparecordofthemostimportanthappeningsintheircountry,but

oftenitwasdestroyedbyfireorinawar.Sometimestherewasneveranywrittenrecordatallbecausethe

peopleofthattimeandplacedidnotknowhowtoWrite.Forexample,weknowagooddealaboutthe

peoplewholivedinChina4,000yearsago,becausetheycouldwriteandleavewrittenrecordsforthose

wholivedafterthem.Butweknowalmostnothingaboutthepeoplewholivedeven200yearsagoin

centralAfrica,becausetheyhadnotlearnedtowrite.

Sometimes,ofcourse,evenifthepeoplecannotwrite,theymayknowsomethingofthepast.They

haveheardaboutitfromolderpeople,andoftensongsanddancesandstorieshavebeenmadeaboutthe

mostimportanthappenings,andthesehavebeensungandactedandtoldformanygenerationsFormost

peopleareproudtotellwhattheirfathersdidinthepast.ThiswemaycallRememberedhistory9.Some

ofithasnowbeenwrittendown.Itisnotsoexactorsovaluabletousaswrittenhistoryis,becausewords

aremuchmoreeasilychangedwhenusedagainandagaininspeechthanwhencopiedinwriting.But

wheretherearenowrittenrecords,suchspokenstoriesareoftenveryhelpful.

Passage3

當我們被問起準確的說書一年之前的這個時候我們正在做什么，我們可能不得不承認記不得了。但

是，如果我們有個冊子，上面記錄了每天我們做過什么的話，這個問題就不難給出答案了。

對于歷史的記錄也是如此。許多事情由于沒有任何書面的記錄而被人遺忘。有時也有人會對于他們

國家發生的重要事件進行記錄，但是這些記錄往往毀于火災或者戰亂。有時也因為那個地方或那個

時代的人不會寫字，而根本不會有書面記錄的存在。譬如說，因為中國4千年前的古人會寫字而且

給后人留下了很多文獻,所以我們對那個時代的中國人十分了解;但是對于甚至2百年前的中非人，

由于他們不會寫字，而使我們對其幾乎一無所知。

當然了，有的時候就算人們不會寫字，對于過去的歷史也會多少有些了解。也許是從老一輩的那里

聽說的，或者從一些由重大事件編出的歌曲和舞蹈中了解的——這些傳說和歌舞是從很多輩人流傳

下來的。很多人都喜歡夸耀他們的父輩在過去的豐功偉績，我們把這個叫做“rememberedhistory"

(記憶中的歷史)。現在一些記憶中的歷史己經變成了文字而保留了下來。由于反復經過口頭傳送

的歷史遠比書面記錄的歷史變化大，這種歷史不如書面歷史那么精確和有價值。但是，在沒有書面

歷史存在的時候，這種口頭流傳的故事就很有幫助了。

41.Whichofthefollowingideasisnotsuggestedinthepassage?(D)

A.”Rememberedhistory”,comparedwithwrittenhistory,islessreliable

B.Writtenrecordsofthepastplaythemostimportantroleinourlearningofthehumanhistory.

C.AwrittenaccountofourdailyactivitieshelpsUStobeabletoanswermanyquestions.

D.Wheretherearenowrittenrecords,thereisnohistory.

42.WeknowverylittleaboutthecentralAfrica200yearsagobecauseD

A.therewasnothingworthbeingwrittendownatthattime

B.thepeoplethereignoredtheimportanceofkeepingarecord

C.thewrittenrecordswereperhapsdestroyedbyafire

D.thepeopletheredidnotknowhowtowrite

43."Rememberedhistory^refersto_D_.

A.historybasedonaperson'simagination

B.storiesofimportanthappeningspasseddownfrommouthtomouth

C.songsanddancesaboutthemostimportantevents

D.bothBandC

44."Rememberedhistory^isregardedasvaluableonlywhenB.

A.itiswrittendownB.nowrittenaccountisavailable

C.itprovestobetimeD.peopleareinterestedinit

45.Thepassagesuggeststhatwecouldhavelearnedmuchmoreaboutourpastthanwe

donowiftheancientpeoplehadA

A.keptawrittenrecordofeverypasteventB.notburnttheirwrittenrecordsinwars

C.toldexactstoriesofthemostimportanthappeningsD.mademoresongsanddances

Treesareusefultomaninthreeveryimportantways：theyprovidehimwoodandotherproducts；they

givehimshade；andtheyhelptopreventdrought（干旱）andfloods.

Unfortunately,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotrealizedthatthethirdoftheseservicesisthe

mostimportant.Inhiseagernesstodrawquickprofitfromthetrees,hehascutthemdowninlarge

numbers

Twothousandyearsago,arichandpowerfulcountrycutdownitstreestobuildwarships,withwhich

togainitselfanempireItgainedtheempirebut,withoutitstrees,itssoilbecamebareandpoor.Whenthe

empirefelltopieces,thecountryfounditselffacedbyfloodsandstarvation.

Evenwhereagovernmentrealizestheimportanceofaplentifulsupplyoftrees,itisdifficult

sometimestomakethepeoplerealizethis.Theycutdownthetreesbutaretoocarelesstoplantandlook

afternewtreesSo,unlessthegovernmenthasagoodsystemofcontrol,orcaneducatethepeople,the

forestsslowlydisappear

Thisdoesnotonlymeanthattherewillbefewertrees.Theresultsareevenmoreserious：forwhere

therearetrees,theirrootsbreakthesoilup,allowingtheraintosinkin,andalsobindthesoil.This

preventsthesoilfrombeingwashedaway.Butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgi*oundand

flowsawayonthesurfece,andthiscausesfloodsandtheraincarriesawaytherichtopsoilinwhichcrops

growWhenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingremainsbutworthlessdesert.

Passage3

樹木對于人來說有3個重要益處：樹木給人類提供木材和其他產物；樹木可以讓人們乘涼；樹木可

有效地防止旱澇災害。

可惜的是，在世界上許多地方，人類沒有認識到以上三個作用中，第三個是最重要的。人們急切于

從樹木上快速的謀取利益，于是大量的砍伐森林。

兩千年之前，有一個富裕和強大的國家。為了建立帝國，砍倒了樹木來造戰艦。帝國建立了，但是,

沒有樹木的土地變得荒蕪和貧瘠。當帝國四分五裂的時候,整個國家發覺自己面臨的是水災和饑荒。

就算在政府認識到足夠的樹木儲備的重要性時，有時卻很難讓人民也意識到這點。人們砍倒了樹木，

卻疏于種植和照料樹苗。因此，除非政府建立一套體制來控制或者教育人們，否則森林就會漸漸消

失。

森林的消失不僅僅意味著樹木的減少，還有更嚴重的后果。在有樹的地方，樹根不僅把土壤粉碎成

小塊，便于雨水的滲入，還可以牢牢的抓住泥土，防止泥土被沖刷走。但是在沒有書的地方，雨水

直接落在堅硬的地面，在土地表面流走。這不僅會導致洪水，雨水還會帶走莊稼賴于生長的肥沃的

表層土。當所有的表層土被沖走之后，除了毫無價值的沙漠之外，什么也沒有了。

41.Treesareusefultomanmainlyinthreeways,themostimportantofwhichisthattheycanD

A.keephimfromthehotsunshineB.enablehimtobuildwarships

C.makehimdrawquickprofitfromthemD.protecthimfromdroughtsandfloods

42.IfsagreatpitythatC

A.manisonlyinterestedinbuildingempiresB.maniseagertoprofitfromtrees

C.manhasn'trealizedtheimportanceoftreestohimD.manhasn'tfoundoutthathehaslostalltrees

43.SoonerorlatertheforestswilldisappearC

A.unlessacountryhasaplentysupplyoftreesB.unlesspeoplestopcuttingdowntheirtrees

C-unlessallpeoplearetaughttheimportanceofplantingtrees

D.unlessthegovernmentpunishesthosewhocuttreesinsteadofplantingthem

44.Theword"bind”inParagraph5means"C"

A.towashawayB.tomakewetC.tomakestayt