專題02閱讀理解應用文&議論文&新聞報道（一）（2023下·湖北荊州·高一沙市中學校考期中）VictorFrankl,theauthorofMansSearchforMeaning,oncewrote,“Everythingcanbetakenfromapersonbutonething:thelastofhumanfreedoms-tochooseone’sattitudeinanygivensetofcircumstances.Franklwasright.Attitudeisachoice.Youcouldbefacedwithathousandproblems,manyormostoverwhichyouhaveabsolutelynocontrol.However,thereisalwaysonethingyouareincompleteandabsolutecontrolofandthatisyourownattitude.Tobehonest,itwasn’tuntilIwasinmylate20sthatIfinallyunderstooditsfullimpact.Allthroughmyteensandintomyearlyadultlife,Ican’ttellyouthenumberoftimesthatIheard,“Bob,ifyou’djustchangeyourattitude,youwoulddoalotbetter.”Atthattime,Ididn’tknowwhatattitudewas,letaloneknowhowtochangeit!Attitudeandresultsareinseparable.Theyfollowoneanotherasnightfollowsday.Oneisthecause,whiletheother,theresult.Thereisatermweusetodistinguishthis“causeandeffect”relationship,whichiscalledTheLawofCauseandEffect.Simplystated,ifyouthinkinnegativeterms,youwillgetnegativeresults;ifyouthinkinpositiveterms,youwillachievepositiveresults.Somepeoplealwaysseewrongthingsintheworld.Theseindividualsarequicktoblamecircumstancesorotherpeoplefortheirproblems,ratherthanacceptingresponsibilityfortheirlifeandtheirattitude.Thus,itwouldappearasiftheywerebornwithbadluckandithasfollowedthemaroundtheirwholelife.However,thereareotherswhoareforeverwinningandlivingthegoodlife.Theyaretherealmoversandshakerswhomakethingshappen.Theyseemtogofromonemajoraccomplishmenttoanother.They’reincontroloftheirlife.Theirwinsareamatterofchoice.Youcanexperiencethatkindoflifeaswell,youonlyneedtodecide.DorotheaBrandoncesaid,“Actasifitwereimpossibletofail,”andIchallengeyoutodoso.Bysimplybecomingawarethatyoucanchooseyourthoughtseachandeveryday,youwillchangeyourentireoutlook.Youhavethepowertochooseanabundantlifenomatterwhatyourcircumstancesare.Don’twaittoexperienceallthewonderfulthingstheuniversehasinstoreforyou.Starttodaybyworkingonyourattitudeandwelcometheabundantlifethatyouaremeanttolead.1．What’sthemainideaofParagraph1?A．Freedomisthelastthingwecancontrol. B．Mostproblemsinlifeareinourcontrol.C．Amancanloseanythingbutfreedom. D．Wecanchooseourattitudeatanytime.2．WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofhimselfinPara.2?A．Toshowattitudeisimportanttotheold. B．Toproveattitudechangesonitsown.C．Toshowunderstandingattitudetakestime. D．Toprovetheauthorwasverystubborn.3．Whatdoes“TheLawofCauseandEffect”helpreaderstodo?A．Understandwhatcausesagoodattitude. B．Knowthebenefitofchoosingactiveattitude.C．Analyzetheeffectofanegativeattitude. D．Understand“causeandeffect”relationshipbetter.4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Attitudeishumanfreedom. B．Winningsisamatterofcontrol.C．Attitudeandresultsareseparable. D．Successbeginswithpositiveattitude.【答案】1．D2．C3．B4．D【導語】本文是一篇議論文。主要就態度和結果展開討論，說明成功始于積極的態度。1．主旨大意題。根據第一段“Attitudeisachoice.Youcouldbefacedwithathousandproblems,manyormostoverwhichyouhaveabsolutelynocontrol.However,thereisalwaysonethingyouareincompleteandabsolutecontrolofandthatisyourownattitude.(態度是一種選擇。你可能會面臨一千個問題，其中許多或大多數是你絕對無法控制的。然而，總有一件事你可以完全絕對控制，那就是你自己的態度)”可知，本段主要介紹了雖然很多東西我們無法控制，但是我們可以在任何時候選擇我們的態度。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據第二段“Tobehonest,itwasn’tuntilIwasinmylate20sthatIfinallyunderstooditsfullimpact.(坦白地說，直到我20多歲時我才終于了解它的全部影響)”可推知，作者在第二段通過自己的例子表明理解態度需要時間。故選C。3．細節理解題。根據第三段“Thereisatermweusetodistinguishthis“causeandeffect”relationship,whichiscalledTheLawofCauseandEffect.Simplystated,ifyouthinkinnegativeterms,youwillgetnegativeresults;ifyouthinkinpositiveterms,youwillachievepositiveresults.(我們用一個術語來辨別這種“因果”關系，它被稱為因果定律。簡單地說，如果你消極地思考，你會得到消極的結果；如果你從積極的角度思考，你就會取得積極的結果)”可知，了解因果定律有助于讀者了解選擇積極態度的好處。故選B。4．主旨大意題。根據最后一段“Bysimplybecomingawarethatyoucanchooseyourthoughtseachandeveryday,youwillchangeyourentireoutlook.Youhavethepowertochooseanabundantlifenomatterwhatyourcircumstancesare.Don’twaittoexperienceallthewonderfulthingstheuniversehasinstoreforyou.Starttodaybyworkingonyourattitudeandwelcometheabundantlifethatyouaremeanttolead.(只要意識到你每天都可以選擇自己的想法，你就會改變你的整個觀點。無論你的處境如何，你都有能力選擇豐富的生活。不要等著去體驗宇宙中為你準備的所有美好事物。從今天開始，努力改變你的態度，迎接你想要的豐富生活)”以及文章內容可知，本文主要就態度和結果展開討論，說明成功始于積極的態度，所以“成功始于積極的態度”可以作為文章標題。故選D。（二）（2023下·云南曲靖·高一校考期中）Thesummerjobiscommonformanykids,whoareencouragedbytheirparentstogetoutoftheirhair,goandlearnvaluablelessonsaboutresponsibility,thevalueofmoneyandhardwork.Whetheryouweresavingforabike,yourfirstcar,adressorwhatever,youallwentinwithhighexpectationsofindependenceandfeltlikeproperadults.However,thoseexpectationsarenotalwaysmet!JimmyFallondidusallaservicebyaskingpeopletosharetheirworstsummerjobexperiencesinoneofhischallenges.Therearesomeabsoluteclassicsthere!Checkoutalistofyourfavoritesbelow！From@Lobster:Iwas10andwenttomygrandfather'sfarm.Hegaveme$10andIkeptaneyeonthefarm.Istoodthereinthesununtilmymomcameanhourlater.From@Anthony:Iwashiredatanelderlypeople'shomeforpatientswithdementia(癡呆).Onmyfirstday,Iaccidentallypressedthedoorbutton,andtheoldpeopleescaped.Wehadtorunthroughthetownroundingthem.From＠Rod:Iwasbabysittingtwokids.Oneranoutofthefrontdoor,andtheotherwentouttheback.WhenIranaroundthehousetofindthem,theyranbackinsideandlockedmeout.From@Donny:Iearned$30workingconstructionforanagencyonedayincollege.WhenIfinished,therewasa$35parkingticketonmycar.IrefertoitasthedayIpaidtowork.5．WhatisLobster'ssummerjob?A．Watchingthegrandpa'sfarm. B．Lookingafterelderpatients.C．Babysittingtwolovelykids. D．Doingconstructionwork.6．Whohadbeenlockedoutofthedoor?A．Lobster. B．Anthony. C．Rodger. D．Donny.7．Whatsimilarexperiencedidthefourpeoplehave?A．Theysavedmoneytobuytheirfirstcar.B．Theyhadtheirworstsummerjobexperiences.C．Theyearnedalargeamountofmoney.D．Theyshowedresponsibilityanddependence.【答案】5．A6．C7．B【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。暑期打工對許多孩子來說很常見，文章介紹了人們分享的他們最糟糕的暑期工作經歷。5．細節理解題。根據From@Lobster部分中“Iwas10andwenttomygrandfather'sfarm.Hegaveme$10andIkeptaneyeonthefarm.(我10歲的時候去了我祖父的農場。他給了我10美元，我照看著農場。)”可知，Lobster的工作是照看祖父的農場。故選A。6．細節理解題。根據From＠Rod部分中“WhenIranaroundthehousetofindthem,theyranbackinsideandlockedmeout.(當Rodger繞著房子跑去找他們時，他們跑回屋里把我鎖在外面。)”可知，當Rodger繞著房子跑去找孩子們時，他們跑回屋里把Rodger鎖在外面。故選C。7．細節理解題。根據第二段中“JimmyFallondidusallaservicebyaskingpeopletosharetheirworstsummerjobexperiencesinoneofhischallenges.Therearesomeabsoluteclassicsthere!Checkoutalistofyourfavoritesbelow！(吉米·法倫在他的一項挑戰中讓人們分享他們最糟糕的暑期工作經歷，這幫了我們所有人的忙。那里有一些絕對的經典!看看下面你最喜歡的列表吧!)”可知，這四個孩子都經歷了暑假最糟糕的暑期工作經歷。故選B。（三）（2023下·湖北武漢·高一校聯考期中）OnFebruary13,2023,WuYibingmadehistory,beatingJohnIsnerinathrillingthree-setfinalattheDallasOpentobecomethefirstmanfromChinatowinanATPtitle.Broughttoatenniscourtforthefirsttimeatjustfive,initiallyencouragedbyhisparentsasanexercisetoloseweight,Wusoonhadhistalentdiscoveredbyhisprovincialjuniorteam,kickingoffajourneythatwouldchangethefaceofmen’stennisinChina.In2017,WuYibingshottoprominenceafterwinningtheUSOpenboys’tournamentat18tobecomethefirstChinesetowinamajorjuniortitle,raisinghighhopesforthe“WonderBoy”tochangethefortuneofChinesemeninasportlongdominatedbywomen’ssuccessontheprostage.In2018,WuwonhisfirstATPChallengertitleinShanghai.However,thecruellycompetitivenatureofmen’sprotennishittherisingWuwithatoughreminderaftermultipleinjuries—tohiselbow,lowerback,shoulderandwrist—forcedhimtobeawayfromtheATPTourforclosetothreeyears.HemadehisreturnlastyearandwonthreeATPChallengertitlesbeforequalifyingfortheUSOpen.“Lookingback,IfeellikeIwouldn’thavebeenhereifnotfortheupsanddownsoverthepastfewyears.Itakeallthesetbacksandstrugglesasantreasurethathelpsmematurementallynow,”saidWu.“OfcoursetherewerealotofdoubtsbecauseIhadsurgeryandtherecoverywasn’tgoingwell.Thechampionshiptodaywasapayoffforallthehardworkandeveryonewho’ssupportedmealongtheway.”8．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“shottoprominence”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Lostweight. B．Camebacktothetop.C．Becamefamousinstantly. D．Droppedoutofthecompetition.9．WhywasWuabsentfromtheATPTourfornearlythreeyears?A．Hewantedtochangehiscareer.B．Hesufferedfromseriousphysicalinjuries.C．Hedidn’tstandoutintrainingforthematch.D．Hecan’thandlethepressureoftheATPTour.10．WhatcanwelearnfromWuYibing’sstatement?A．Nocross,nocrown. B．Wellbegunishalfdone.C．Morehaste,lessspeed. D．Timewaitsfornoman.11．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheDevelopmentofChineseTennis B．ThePowerofDifficultiesforAthletesC．ThePioneerofChineseTennisSport D．TheFirstChineseMaleWinnerofATPTitle【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．D【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。介紹了吳易昺奪得了ATP巡回賽冠軍，創中國網球新歷史。8．詞義猜測題。根據第二段第二句“In2017,WuYibingshottoprominenceafterwinningtheUSOpenboys’tournamentat18tobecomethefirstChinesetowinamajorjuniortitle,raisinghighhopesforthe“WonderBoy”tochangethefortuneofChinesemeninasportlongdominatedbywomen’ssuccessontheprofessionalstage.”（2017年，18歲的吳易昺贏得了美國男子公開賽冠軍后shottoprominence，成為了首位贏得重要青少年錦標賽冠軍的中國人，這使得人們對這位“神奇男孩”寄予厚望，希望他能在這項長期由女性主導的職業運動中改變中國男網的命運。）由此可知，18歲的吳易昺贏得了美國男子公開賽冠軍，改變了中國男網的命運，一下子變得很有名。由此可判斷，劃線詞表示“一舉成名”。故選C。9．細節理解題。根據第三段第二句“However,thehighlycompetitivenatureofmen'sprofessionaltennishittherisingWuwithatoughreminderaftermultipleinjuries-tohiselbow,lowerback,shoulderandwrist-forcedhimtobeawayfromtheATPTourforclosetothreeyears.”（然而，男子職業網球殘酷的競爭特性打擊了正處于上升期的吳易昺，他的肘部、下背部、肩膀和手腕多處受傷，這迫使他離開ATP巡回賽近三年。）可知，因為參加職業網球殘酷的競爭，使得吳易昺受傷嚴重，這迫使他離開ATP巡回賽近三年。故選B。10．推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Lookingback,IfeellikeIwouldn'thavebeenhereifnotfortheupsanddownsoverthepastfewyears.Itakeallthesetbacksandstrugglesasalessonthathelpsmematurementallynow,”saidWu.“OfcoursetherewerealotofdoubtsbecauseIhadsurgeryandtherecoverywasn'tgoingwell.Thechampionshiptodaywasapayoffforallthehardworkandeveryonewho'ssupportedmealongtheway.”（吳易昺表示，如果不是過去幾年的起起伏伏，他就不會站在這里。他把所有的挫折和掙扎都視為一種幫助他在精神上成熟起來的財富。當然還有很多質疑的聲音，因為他做了手術，且康復治療進行得不太順利。但今天的冠軍是對他所有努力和每一位支持者的回報。）由此可知，此處他的表達給我們的啟發是：沒有過去辛勤的付出，就不會有今天的收獲。A項Nocross,nocrown.意為“沒有付出就沒有收獲”；B項Wellbegunishalfdone.意為“好的開端是成功的一半”；C項Morehaste,lessspeed.意為“趁熱打鐵”；D項Timewaitsfornoman.意為“時不待人”。A項符合文意。故選A。11．主旨大意題。第一段提到“OnFebruary13,2023,WuYibingmadehistory,beatingJohnIsnerinathrillingthree-setfinalattheDallasOpentobecomethefirstmanfromChinatowinanATPtitle.”（2023年2月13日，吳易昺創造了歷史，在一場激動人心的達拉斯公開賽決賽中擊敗了約翰·伊斯內爾，成為第一位獲得ATP冠軍的中國人。）第二段提到了他開始進行網球運動的契機和取得的成績。第三段提到了他因受傷而退出ATP比賽，最后一段則提到了他為了付出而所做的奴努力。通讀全文，文章主要介紹了年少成名的網球運動員吳易昺由于嚴重受傷退出了ATP比賽，在經歷三年的治療康復后，最終復出，創造了中國網球的新歷史。D項“TheFirstChineseMaleWinnerofATPTitle”（中國第一個男子ATP冠軍）符合文意，可用作文章標題。故選D。（四）（2023下·陜西延安·高一陜西延安中學校考期中）OnMay7,2022,MerleLiivandbrokeherownworldrecordforswimmingwithasinglefin.SheswamthedistanceofafullmarathonintheroughwatersofBiscayneBay,Florida.Sheevenpickedtrashoutofthewaterassheswam.Asachild,shehadhealthproblemsandbeganswimmingtohelpherlungsgetstronger.Shewassoontakingpartinopenwaterswimmingcontests.Inonetrainingsession,shenearlyswallowedsomeplasticthatwasfloatinginthesea.Itmadeherthinkofalltheseaanimalswhofacedsimilarpollutioneveryday.Shedecidedtoworktomakepeoplemoreawareofplasticpollution.Liivandfirstsettheworldrecordforswimmingwithmonofin(單片腳蹼)in2019,whensheswam6.2miles.In2020,shebroketherecordagainbyswimming12.8miles.In2021,shesetanewGuinnessWorldRecordbyswimming18.6miles.Lastyear,Liivandbroketherecordoncemorebyswimmingthelengthofafullmarathon.Ittookher11hoursand54secondstoswim26.2miles.Thewaterwasrough,andsheranupagainstafewproblems,butshedidn’tstop.“Igotstungbyjellyfish,”shesaid.“AndIkepttellingmyselfthatitwasnotthetimetocry.”Tokeepherenergyup,afriendfollowedherinakayak(皮劃艇)andgaveherfoodandwaterfromtimetotime.Alongtheway,Liivandpickedupallthetrashshefoundandputitinthekayak.Bytheendofhermarathon,thekayakheldthreebagsoftrash.Shesaid,“Thisisn’tjustaboutarecord.It’sabouthelpingthecommunityandtheworld.Setadreamandtryyourbesttomakeitcometrue.Iwillpersist(堅持)itforever.”12．WhatmadeLiivanddeveloptheideaofpickinguptrashwhileswimming?A．Oneofherswimmingexperiences.B．Thedeathofseaanimals.C．Herillnesscausedbypollution.D．Theencouragementfromafriend.13．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Liivand’sbrieflifeexperiences.B．Liivand’sinnovationonswimming.C．Liivand’sactionagainstplasticpollution.D．Liivand’sachievementsinswimming.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“ranupagainst”meaninparagraph4?A．Brokethrough. B．Preparedfor.C．Cameacross. D．Tookaway.15．WhatdoesLiivand’sstoryinspirepeopletodo?A．Cherishwhatyouhave. B．Sticktoyourdreams.C．Facedisabilitiesbravely. D．Helppeopleinneed.【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。2022年5月7日，MerleLiivand打破了她自己保持的單片腳蹼游泳世界紀錄，她在佛羅里達州比斯坎灣波濤洶涌的水域游完了全程馬拉松。她甚至在游泳時撿起水中的垃圾。12．細節理解題。根據第二段“Inonetrainingsession,shenearlyswallowedsomeplasticthatwasfloatinginthesea.Itmadeherthinkofalltheseaanimalswhofacedsimilarpollutioneveryday.Shedecidedtoworktomakepeoplemoreawareofplasticpollution.”（在一次訓練中，她差點吞下了一些漂浮在海里的塑料。這讓她想起了每天面臨類似污染的所有海洋動物。她決定努力使人們更加意識到塑料污染）可知，她的一次游泳經歷使她有了在游泳時撿垃圾的想法。故選A項。13．主旨大意題。根據第三段“Liivandfirstsettheworldrecordforswimmingwithmonofin(單片腳蹼)in2019,whensheswam6.2miles.In2020,shebroketherecordagainbyswimming12.8miles.In2021,shesetanewGuinnessWorldRecordbyswimming18.6miles.Lastyear,Liivandbroketherecordoncemorebyswimmingthelengthofafullmarathon.Ittookher11hoursand54secondstoswim26.2miles.”（Liivand在2019年首次創造了單片腳蹼游泳的世界紀錄，當時她游了6.2英里。2020年，她再次打破紀錄，游了12.8英里。2021年，她游泳18.6英里，創造了新的吉尼斯世界紀錄。去年，Liivand再次打破紀錄，游完了全程馬拉松的長度。她花了11小時54秒游了26.2英里）可知，第三段主要講了Liivand在游泳方面的成就。故選D項。14．詞句猜測題。根據上文“Thewaterwasrough”（水面波要洶涌）以及“afewproblems”可知，水面波濤洶涌，會遇到意想不到的問題。故劃線詞的意思是“遇到”。故選C項。15．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Setadreamandtryyourbesttomakeitcometrue.Iwillpersist(堅持)itforever.”（設定一個夢想，并盡你最大的努力去實現它。我將永遠堅持下去）可知，Liivand的故事激勵人們堅持自己的夢想。故選B項。（五）（2023下·江蘇無錫·高一校考期中）THEE-COMMERCEcompanythatretailerstalkaboutmostthesedaysisneitherAmazon,theAmericanjuggernaut,norAlibaba,China’sbiggest.ItisPinduoduo(PDD),aChinesefirmthatstartedin2015asanonlinefoodsupplier,butwhosesuccesshasdrivenitsmarketvalueabove$200bn.LastyearitwasChina’sfastest-growingInternetstock,risingby330%.

PDDattractsattentionfortworeasons.Oneisitsbusinessmodel.DavidLiu,vice-presidentofstrategy,explainsthatithasdrawnonthepopularityofsmartphoneinChinatocreateane-commerceexperienceinwhichpeopleclubtogethertobuyproductsfromrobotvacuum-cleaners(吸塵器)tobananas.Duringthepandemicthishasexpandedintoafast-growingbusinessacrossthousandsoftownsandvillages,inwhichPDD’susersgathertobuylocalfarmproduceatlowprices.Somecallthis“communitygroup-buy”.Mr.Liucallsit“interactive(互動的)commerce”.ItisoneofthehottestpartsoftheChineseInternet.ThesecondisthewayPDDhasbrokentherecordofgiantsofonlineshopping.Untilafewyearsago,China’se-commercemarketseemedatwo-waycompetitionbetweenAlibabaandJD．com,acompetitorplatform.Nolonger.ElinorLeungofCLSA,abrokerage(經紀公司),expectsPDD’sshareofonlineretailinChinatogobeyondthatofJDin2021.SheexpectsthenumberofusersoverAlibaba.AndalthoughPDDputahugeamountofmoneytolowerthepricesofgoods,ensuringthecustomersfrompoorerpartsofChinaeasyaccesstoitsapp,shethinksitmayturnprofitablethisyear.Remarkably,thekeytoitssuccessfocusedonpartsofthemarkettheyhavebeenunabletoreachinsteadofdefeatingitsbiggercompetitors.Althoughonlinesalesofgrocerieshaverocketedduringthepandemic,lessthanatenthofthe8.1tmyuan($1.25trn)farm-producemarketisboughtandsolddigitally,“Wearecontinuingtogrowthepie,”saysMr.Liu.Thatlessonapplieselsewheretoo.However,nomatterhowafuturemarketlooks,thereisopportunityfornewonlinebusinessesbecauseecommerceisatanearlystageofdevelopment.16．Whatdoestheunderlined“clubtogether”meaninParagraph2?A．Sharetheexpenses.B．Haveaclubtogether.C．Buysomethingingroups.D．Interactwitheachother.17．WhatmainlymakesPDDgooffwithabang?A．Ensuringeasyaccesstotheapp.B．Exploringnewmarkets.C．Loweringthepriceofgoods.D．Competingwithgiantsofonlineshopping.18．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．There’sopportunityfornewonlinebusinesses.B．E-commerceprofitsmaybecomehardertomake.C．TheAmazonsandAlibabasarenotasstrongastheymightseem.D．PDD,China’sfastest-growingonlinebusinessistobeatgiantsofe-commerce.【答案】16．C17．B18．D【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了成立于2015年的拼多多是如何在中國電子商務市場迅速發展和壯大的。16．詞義猜測題。分析后文“…inwhichPDD’susersgathertobuylocalfarmproduceatlowprices.Somecallthis‘communitygroup-buy’.(……其中拼多多的用戶聚集在一起以低價購買當地農產品。有人稱之為“社區團購”。)”可知，人們在拼多多上購買商品時是一起購買，即“團購”的方式進行的，后文用事實舉例出“團購”，從而進一步解釋了畫線短語“clubtogether”的含義，由此可推知，其含義應是“團購”。故選C項。17．細節理解題。根據文章最后一段內容“Remarkably,thekeytoitssuccessfocusedonpartsofthemarkettheyhavebeenunabletoreachinsteadofdefeatingitsbiggercompetitors.(值得注意的是，其成功的關鍵在于他們無法進入的部分市場，而不是擊敗更大的競爭對手。)”可知，拼多多的成功主要是在于其開辟了競爭對手無法進入的部分市場，即，開辟了新的市場。故選B項。18．主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章可知，文章的首段內容“ItisPinduoduo(PDD),aChinesefirmthatstartedin2015asanonlinefoodsupplier,butwhosesuccesshasdrivenitsmarketvalueabove$200bn.(它就是拼多多，一家成立于2015年的中國公司，最初是一家在線食品供應商，但其成功使其市值超過2000億美元。)”提出了文章的核心話題“拼多多”，并在后文詳細分析了其快速發展的原因以及前景。選項D“PDD,China’sfastest-growingonlinebusinessistobeatgiantsofe-commerce.(中國增長最快的在線商務拼多多將擊敗電子商務巨頭。)”貼合主旨大意。故選D項。（六）（2023下·安徽·高一校聯考期中）LeBronJamesisthenewall-timescoringleaderoftheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA).Hesettherecordwithajumpshot(得分)inthethirdquarteroftheLosAngelesLakersgameTuesdaynightagainstOklahomaCity.Jamespushedhiscareertotalto38,388pointsandpassedthescoringrecordthatKareemAbdul-Jabbarhadheldfornearly39years.Afterhemadetheshotforhis36thpointofthenight,Jamesthrewbothhandsintheair,andthensmiled.Abdul-Jabbarsatupfromhissealandclapped.ThegamestoppedasmembersofJames’family,includinghismother,hiswifeandtheirthreechildren,wenttothecourtforaceremonyhonoringthemoment.“I’mtherenowbecauseInever,everthoughtaboutit,”Jamessaid,whenaskedwhatthescoringrecordmeanttohim.“TheonlythingIeverthoughtaboutwaswinningchampionships.Butscoringchampionshipsandrecords,I’mtellingyou,wasneveronmymind.”Abdul-JabbarwasalongtimeplayerfortheLakers.HebecametheNBA’sall-timeleadingscoreronApril5,1984andretired(退休)in1989with38,387points.Itwasarecordthatsomethoughtwouldlastforever,withveryfewcomingclose.Greatbasketballplayers,includingKarlMalone,KobeBryant,andMichaelJordanretiredwhentheywerestillthousandsofpointsaway.James,whois38yearsold,passedallofthemandsettherecordinhis20thseason.Abdul-Jabbaralsoplayed20NBAseasons.Duringtheon-courtceremony,Abdul-JabbarhandedaballtoJames,showingapassingofthetorch(火炬).Jameswipedawaytearsfromhiseyesandthankedthecrowd.Healsothankedhisfamilyandthosewhosupportedhim,includingNBACommissionerAdamSilverandthelateNBACommissionerDavidStern.“IthankyouguyssomuchforallowingmetobeapartofsomethingI’vealwaysdreamedabout,”Jamessaid.19．WhatdidJames’jumpshotmean?A．Anewrecordwasborn. B．Histeamwonthegame.C．Hemadethelongestshot. D．Itwasthekeyshotofthegame.20．Whydidthebasketballmatchstopinthemiddle?A．TogiveJamestimetorecover. B．Tohaveacelebration.C．Todriveoutbasketballfans. D．Tochangeteammembers.21．WhatdoJamesandAbdul-Jabbarhaveincommon?A．Theycompetedatthesametime.B．Theycreatedrecordsbyaccident.C．Theysettherecordatthesameage.D．Theyplayedthesamenumberofseasonsfortherecord.22．WhydidAbdul-JabbarhandaballtoJames?A．Headmittedhisfailure. B．Heannouncedhisretirement.C．HepassedhistitleontoJames. D．Heexpectedtogetitredesigned.【答案】19．A20．B21．D22．C【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。詹姆斯成為美國職業籃球協會新任得分王。周二晚上，在洛杉磯湖人隊對陣雷霆隊的比賽中，他在第三節跳投創造了這一紀錄。詹姆斯的職業生涯總得分達到38，超過了阿卜杜爾·賈巴爾保持了近39年的得分紀錄。19．推理判斷題。根據第二段“Hesettherecordwithajumpshot(得分)inthethirdquarteroftheLosAngelesLakersgameTuesdaynightagainstOklahomaCity.Jamespushedhiscareertotalto38,388pointsandpassedthescoringrecordthatKareemAbdul-Jabbarhadheldfornearly39years.(在周二晚上洛杉磯湖人隊對陣俄克拉荷馬城的比賽中，他在第三節的跳投創造了紀錄。詹姆斯將自己的職業生涯總得分提高到38388分，超過了賈巴爾保持了近39年的得分紀錄)”可知，詹姆斯的跳投意味著一個新的記錄誕生了。故選A。20．細節理解題。根據第三段中“ThegamestoppedasmembersofJames’family,includinghismother,hiswifeandtheirthreechildren,wenttothecourtforaceremonyhonoringthemoment.(比賽暫停，詹姆斯的家人，包括他的母親、妻子和三個孩子，都來到球場參加紀念這一時刻的儀式)”可知，籃球比賽中途停了是為了慶祝一下。故選B。21．細節理解題。根據第六段“James,whois38yearsold,passedallofthemandsettherecordinhis20thseason.Abdul-Jabbaralsoplayed20NBAseasons.(38歲的詹姆斯在職業生涯的第20個賽季中超過了所有這些，創造了紀錄。賈巴爾也打了20個NBA賽季)”可知，詹姆斯和賈巴爾的共同之處是他們在歷史上打了相同的賽季。故選D。22．細節理解題。根據第七段的“Duringtheon-courtceremony,Abdul-JabbarhandedaballtoJames,showingapassingofthetorch(火炬).(在場上的儀式上，賈巴爾把球遞給詹姆斯，展示了火炬的傳遞)”可知，賈巴爾要把球傳給詹姆斯是為了把頭銜傳給了詹姆斯。故選C。（七）（2023下·浙江杭州·高一校聯考期中）TheAchievementExhibitionofthe13th“TaoliCup”NationalDancingEducationPerformanceofChina,thecountry`smostrecognizedeventfordanceeducation,kickedoffattheBeijingDanceAcademy(北京舞蹈學院)onThursday.Thisyear,itwillfocusonstudents’danceperformances,teachingdisplaysanddanceforums(論壇).Avarietyofdancestyleswillbeincluded,suchasclassicalChinesedance,ballet,contemporarydanceandChinesefolkdance.“OverthedecadestheTaoliCuphasattractedalotoffansinthecountryandisknownasthebiggestandmostimportantdancingevent,whichpromotesdanceeducationandyoungtalent,”saysBaTu,PartysecretaryoftheBeijingDanceAcademy.“SomeofthestudentswhohaveparticipatedinthepasteventshavebecometopdancersinChina.Somehavebecometeachers.Wewillkeepthistraditiongoingon,”hesays.OneofthedancersisWangQimin,aprincipaldancerattheNationalBalletofChina.SheparticipatedintheTaoliCupin1997andwonthetopprizeintheyouthgroupforballetdancers.“ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadparticipatedinanationalcompetition,andIstillrememberhownervousIwas.Iamverygratefultomyformerteachers,whohelpedmewithintensivetrainingandmyselectionofdancepiecesandcostumesforthecompetition,”recallsWang.Shegraduatedfromtheacademyin1999andstarteddancingwiththeNationalBalletofChinathesameyear.Wangdancedasasoloistayearlater.“ThevaluableexperiencewithTaoliCupalsotaughtmehowtopreparemyselfforthefollowinginternationalballetcompetitionsthatIwentto,notjustphysicallybutalsopsychologically,”saysWang,whowonatopprizeattheMoscowInternationalBalletCompetitionin2001.23．Whichofthefollowingexpressionabout“TaoliCup”isincorrect?A．Avarietyofdancestylescanbeseenintheevent.B．TheTaoliCuppreventsdanceeducationandyoungtalent.C．ThedancingeventhaswitnessedthegrowthofalotofChinesedancers.D．The13th“TaoliCup”NationalDancingEducationPerformanceofChinastartedonThursday.24．WhatcanbelearntaboutWangQimin?A．ShelearntnothingfromtheTaoliCup.B．Shebecameadanceteacherafterwinningthetopprizeintheyouthgroup.C．Shebelieveshersuccesswasbecauseofherteachers’instructionandhelp.D．Shethinksthatparticipantsshouldnotpreparethemselvesphysicallyandpsychologically.25．Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A．Textbook. B．Newswebsite.C．Sciencefiction. D．Travelbrochure.【答案】23．B24．C25．B【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了第十三屆“桃李杯”全國舞蹈教育表演會成果展于周四在北京舞蹈學院拉開帷幕。它促進了舞蹈教育和年輕人才的培養。23．細節理解題。根據第三段“OverthedecadestheTaoliCuphasattractedalotoffansinthecountryandisknownasthebiggestandmostimportantdancingevent,whichpromotesdanceeducationandyoungtalent”（幾十年來，桃里杯在全國吸引了很多粉絲，被認為是最大、最重要的舞蹈賽事，它促進了舞蹈教育和年輕人才的培養）所以B選項“桃李杯阻礙了舞蹈教育和年輕人才”錯誤。故選B項。24．細節理解題。根據第五段“Iamverygratefultomyformerteachers,whohelpedmewithintensivetrainingandmyselectionofdancepiecesandcostumesforthecompetition”（我非常感謝我以前的老師，他們幫助我進行了強化訓練，并為比賽挑選了舞蹈作品和服裝）可知，王啟敏相信自己能成功是因為老師的指導和幫助。故選C項。25．推理判斷題。根據第一段“TheAchievementExhibitionofthe13th“TaoliCup”NationalDancingEducationPerformanceofChina,thecountry`smostrecognizedeventfordanceeducation,kickedoffattheBeijingDanceAcademy(北京舞蹈學院)onThursday.”（中國最受認可的舞蹈教育盛會——第十三屆“桃李杯”全國舞蹈教育表演會成果展于周四在北京舞蹈學院拉開帷幕。）可知，本文是一篇新聞報道，所以有可能來自新聞網站的音樂與舞蹈板塊。故選B項。（八）（2023下·新疆伊犁·高一校聯考期中）“GreatprogressandachievementsoneducationhavebeenmadeinXinjiang,”Rahmansaid,addingsheisoneofthemanypeopleinXinjiangtobenefitfromthecountry’sfaireducationpolicies.Rahmanhassevenyoungerbrothersandsisters,andherfatherpassedawaywhenshewas15.Lifehadbeendifficultforherfamily.Withthehelpofthelocalgovernment,Rahmanandhersevensiblingscompletedtheirnine-yearcompulsoryeducation.Sheandherthreesistersgraduatedfromcollegesandnowworkasteachers.“Itisthefaireducationpoliciesthatcreatedahappylifeforus,”saidRahman.RahmanhasbeenworkingwithtwoclassesofXinjiangstudentsina