2025屆新高考英語精準沖刺復習

主謂一致

主謂一致三原則：主謂一致語法一致（AgreementinGrammar）意義一致（AgreementinMeaning）就近一致=就近原則（AgreementinNearness）1)語法一致原則（AgreementinGrammar）主語和謂語動詞之間的一致關系表現在“數”的形式上，即用做主語的名詞或名詞詞組的中心詞和謂語動詞在單復數形式上一致。如果名詞或名詞詞組的中心詞是復數名詞，謂語動詞應該用復數形式；如果名詞或名詞詞組的中心詞是單數名詞或不可數名詞，謂語動詞用單數形式。（1）動名詞，介詞短語或名詞性從句作主語時,謂語用單數。Readingaloudisimportantinlearningaforeignlanguage.Whetherhecomesornotisofnomatter.Whatmattersmost_______notwinningbutparticipation.A.areB.tobeC.wasD.is（2）當“主語+aswellas（asmuchas，nolessthan，alongwith，togetherwith，ratherthan，like，unlike，but，except，besides，including”時,其謂語單復數與前面主語保持一致。MysisterwithherchildrenhasgonetoHongkong.Theteacheraswellashisstudentslikesmusic.Nothingbutstampsandenvelopesisforsale.Theteacherwithanumberofstudentsisintheclassroom.Dr.Watson,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,________visitBeijingthissummer.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD.weregoingto（3）用and或both...and連接并列主語,謂語用復數。Bothbreadandbutterweresoldout.MaryandJanecompetewitheachotherforfirstprize.[注意]a.并列主語指的是同一個人、同一個事物或同一概念,謂語用單數,這時and后面的名詞無冠詞。Asingeranddancerwaspresentattheparty.b.由and連接的并列單數主語前面分別有each，every，no或manya修飾時,謂語用單數。Inourcountry，everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.Everyboyandgirl_______thebookandtheyeach_______tobuyone.A.like,wantB.likes,wantsC.likes,wantD.like,wantsc.用and連接起來的兩種不同物質作主語,這兩種物質被看作是一種混合體時,謂語用單數。

Mudandsandisalreadyprepared.泥沙已經準備好。（4）一些只有復數形式的名詞,如clothes，trousers，glasses等作主語時,謂語用復數。Mytrousersarenowbeingwashedbymymother.[注意]：由“a/the/thispair（form，kind，type）of或either（neither）of+名詞復數”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數。Thispairofshoesbelongstome.Thereisapairofshoesleftontheshelf.Iseitherofyourparentsanengineer?（5）“morethan+數詞+名詞（復）”作主語時,謂語用復數。”morethanone+單數名詞”，謂語動詞用單數。Morethan300peoplehaveattendedthelecture.Morethanonepersonisinvolvedinthiscase.（6）由“alotof，lotsof，aquantityof，onethirdof，（60）percentof，halfof，therestof等+名詞”作主語時,謂語的單數或復數要由of后面的名詞的數來確定。但quantitiesof+名詞，做主語時，謂語動詞用復數。Avastquantityofbeerwassoldyesterday.Onethirdoftheworkersinthisfactoryarewomen.Largequantitiesofwater________neededforcoolingpurpose.A.isB.areC.beD.was（7）由“anumberof+名詞（復）”作主語時,謂語用復數;而由“thenumberof+名詞（復）作主語時,謂語用單數。AnumberofYoungPioneersareplayinggamesnearthelake.Thenumberoftheteachersinthisschoolisover200.（8）關系代詞在定語從句中作主語,從句中的謂語應和從句所修飾的先行詞一致。在“oneof+名詞復數+定語從句”結構中,one前有theonly等修飾詞,定語從句中謂語動詞用單數;one前沒有theonly等修飾詞,則從句謂語動詞用復數。

Heisoneoftheboyswhoareoftenlateforschool.Shewastheonlyoneofthewomenwhowasgiventhechancetogoabroad.Heistheonlyoneofthechildrenwho_______afraidofgoingoutaloneatnight.A.areB.isC.wereD.was2）意義上的一致（AgreementinMeaning）主語和謂語動詞的一致關系并非只取決于語法上的單復數形式，還取決于主語的單復數意義。有時主語在語法形式上并非復數，但含有復數意義，其后的謂語動詞用復數；反之，主語在語法形式上是復數，而在意義上是單數，其后的謂語動詞用單數。（1）表示時間、距離、價格、度量衡等復數名詞或短語作主語時,謂語用單數Fiftyyearsisnotashorttime.Fourthousanddollarsismorethanshecanafford.Onehundredyears_______notaverylongperiodoftimeinhumanhistory,thoughafewpeoplecanlivethatlong.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen（2）在數學概念中,表示數目的主語通常按單數看待。Howmuchisfifty－sixdividedbyseven（3）news（新聞），means(方法、手段)，works（工廠）以及以－cs結尾的學科名稱，常見的有physics（物理學）,economics（經濟學）,electronics（電子學）,mathematics（數學）,ethics（倫理學）,politics（政治學）,statistics(統計學)都屬于形復意單的名詞,作主語時,謂語用單數。Southofthecityliesanironworks.Physicsseemstobedifficulttome.Nonewsisgoodnews.TheglassworkswasbuiltinJuly，1979.Manymeanshavebeentried.（4）書、報、戲劇、電影、國名等名稱的專有名詞,當其中的主要名詞為復數時,謂語用單數。TheNewYorkTimesispublishedeveryday.TheUnitedStatesisoneofthedevelopedcountriesintheworld.（5）有些集合名詞,如public，government，family，class，team，group,audience,cattle,committee,staff,crowd等作主語時,如果被看成一個整體,謂語用單數;如果就其中一個個成員而言,謂語用復數。Ateamfullofcourageislikelytowin.Thewholeclassarelisteningtotheteacherattentively.Thewholefamily_______TVattentively.A.arewatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.areseeing（6）“the+形容詞”結構表示一類人作主語時,謂語通常用復數。TheoldarewelllookedafterinChina.Thewoundedhavebeensenttothehospitalnearby.3）就近一致（AgreementofNearness）謂語動詞的單復數形式取決于最靠近它的主語（主要指名詞或代詞）的單、復形式。（1）在倒裝句中,謂語通常和其后邊的第一個名詞保持一致。Hereisanorangeandtwoapplesforyou.Onthewallaremanypictures.（2）用連詞or，either...or，neither...nor，whether...or，notonly...butalso等連接的兩個并列主語,謂語要與最近的主語保持一致。例如:Hedidn’tsaywhetherEnglishnovelsoranEnglishdictionarywaswanted.Maryandyouaretoblameforthefault.EitheryouorIamgoingtouniversity.NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMary_______fondofwatchingTV.A.isB.areC.wasD.were習題：1.Thisisoneofthelaboratoriesthat_______thisyearinourinstitute.A.havebeenbuiltB.buildsC.isbuilt被動語態D.havebuilt2.Wewalktoschooleveryday.Afterall,twokilometers距離notalongwaytogoonfoot.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen3.NotonlymybrotherbutalsoI_______goodatpainting.Bothofus_______goodpainters.A.are;areB.am;amC.am,areD.is,is4.Theresultsoftheexamination_______thatyouhaveallmadegreat________.A.show;progressBshows;progress（不可數名詞）

C.show;progressesD.shows;progresses5.Therich富人_______notalwayshappy.A.areB.isC.hasD.have6.Theteacheraswellashisstudents_______plantingthetreesintheparknow.'A.wereB.areC.isD.was7.Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsintheclassthatnever________amistakeevenwhenitispointedouttohimA.admitmakingB.admits承認doingsthmakingC.admittomakeD.admitstomake8.TheLeaguesecretary團委書記

andmonitor監督員_______askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting_______nextMonday.A.is;tobeheldB.was;heldC.are;tobeheldD.were;held9.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem_______absentfordifferentreasons.were;wasB.was;wereC.was,wasD.were;were10.Morethanonestudent________punished.Morestudentsthanone______praisedA.are;isB.were;wereC.were;wasD.was,were11.Mysister,aswellasherclassmates

who______lateforclass,_____criticized批評byMr.Hunt.A.were;wasB.was;wereC.was;wasD.were;were12.MyfriendandclassmatePaul_______motorcyclesinhissparetime.A.raceB.racesC.isracedD.isracing13.Climbing（動名詞）hills_______ofgreathelptohealth.A.isB.areC.wereD.be14.Theinjured受傷的人

intheearthquake_______goodcareofbysomemedicalteams.A.istakenB.arebeingtaken被動語態

C.aretakingD.isbeingtaken15.Eachmanandeachwoman______askedtohelpwhenthefirebrokeout.AisB.wasc.areD.were16.About60percentofthestudents________fromthesouth;therestofthem_____fromthenorthandforeigncountries.Aare;isB.is;iscis;areD.are;are17.——Isthereanybodyintheclassroom?——No,theteacher,togetherwiththestudents______totheground.A.goBwentC.hasgoneD.havegone18.Agreatdealofwork______ustodo.AawaitB.awaitsC.awaitedD.areawaited19

Whattheyhavedone_______usefultothepeople,AareconsideredBisconsidered認為

C.wereconsideredD.willbeconsidered20AsIhaveameetingatfour.tenminutes______allthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.AareB.wasC.isD.were21.Neithermoneynorfame______influenceonme.AhavehadBhaveC.hasD.had22.Heistheonlyoneofthesonsinthefamilywho_______receivedhighereducation.A.areB.isC.haveD.has23.Surprisingly,mathematics_______votedfortheirfavoritesubjectlastterm.A.areB.wereC.wasD.is24.Eitheryouorthepreside