中國傳統文化翻譯--春節用語一、中國傳統文化之英語表達---有關春節的基本詞匯與短語

【GreetingSeason】:

春節TheSpringFestival

農歷lunarcalendar

正月lunarJanuary;thefirstmonthbylunarcalendar

除夕NewYear‘sEve;eveoflunarNewYear

初一thebeginningofNewYear

元宵節TheLanternFestival

【Customs】：

過年Guo-nian;havetheSpringFestival

對聯poeticcouplet:twosuccessiverhyminglinesinpoetry

春聯SpringFestivalcouplets

剪紙paper-cuts

買年貨specialpurchasesfortheSpringFestival;doSpringFestivalshopping

年畫NewYearpaintings

敬酒proposeatoast

燈籠lantern:aportablelight

煙花fireworks

爆竹firecrackers(Peoplescareoffevilspiritsandghostswiththeloudpop.)

紅包redpackets(cashwrappedupinredpaper,symbolizefortuneandwealth.)

舞獅liondance(Thelionisbelievedtobeabletodispelevilandbringgoodluck.)

舞龍dragondance(toexpectgoodweatherandgoodharvests)

戲曲traditionalopera

雜耍varietyshow;vaudeville

燈謎riddleswrittenonlanterns

燈會exhibitoflanterns

守歲staying-up

禁忌taboo

拜年payNewYear‘scall;giveNewYear‘sgreetings;NewYear‘svisit

去晦氣getridoftheill-fortune

祭祖宗offersacrificestoone‘sancestors壓歲錢giftmoney;moneygiventochildrenasalunarNewYeargift辭舊歲bidfarewelltotheoldyear

掃房springcleaning;generalhouse-cleaning

【Foodnames】：

年糕Nian-gao;risecake;NewYearcake

團圓飯familyreuniondinner

年夜飯thedinneronNewYear‘sEve

餃子Jiao-zi;Chinesemeatravioli

八寶飯eighttreasuresricepudding

湯圓Tang-yuan;dumplingsmadeofsweetrice,rolledintoballsandstuffedwitheithersweetor

spicyfillings糖果盤candytray:

什錦糖assortedcandies-sweetandfortune

蜜冬瓜candiedwintermelon-growthandgoodhealth

西瓜子redmelonseed-joy,happiness,truthandsincerity

金桔cumquat-prosperity

紅棗reddates-prosperity

糖蓮子candiedlotusseed-manydescendentstocome

糖藕candiedlotusroot-fulfillingloverelationship

花生糖peanutcandy-sweet

【Blessing】:

Treasuresfillthehome財源廣進

Businessflourishes事業興隆

Peaceallyearround歲歲平安

Wishingyouprosperity恭喜發財

Harmonybringswealth家和萬事興

Mayallyourwishescometrue心想事成

Everythinggoeswell萬事如意

Thecountryflourishesandpeople一、藝術1.

畫類

壁畫mural

國畫Chinesetraditionalpainting

水墨畫inkandwashpainting

絹畫silkpainting

木刻畫woodengraving

版畫engraving

貝雕畫shellcarvingpainting

年畫newyearpicture

2.陶器類

陶器potteryware

玉器jadearticle

瓷器chinaware

青瓷celadon

青銅器bronzeware

景泰藍cloisonnéenamel

漆器lacquerware

彩陶paintedpottery

唐三彩trio-coloredglazedpotteryoftheTangDynasty

3.雕刻類

冰雕icecarving

玉雕jadecarving

石雕stonecarving

骨雕bonescarving

貝雕shellcarving

木雕woodcarving

根雕treerootcarving

瓷器雕porcelaincarving

象牙雕ivorycarving

4.塑像類

彩塑paintedsculpture

畫塑doughfigurine

泥人兒clayfigure

5.扇類

絹扇silkfan

檀香扇sandalwoodfan

折扇foldingfan

6.寶石類

珍珠pearl

瑪瑙agate

珊瑚coral

翡翠greenjade

琥珀

玉jade

7.工藝類

刺繡embroidery

雙面秀two-sidedembroidery

掛毯tapestry

蠟染batik

藤條制品wickerwork

真絲puresilk

煙嘴cigaretteholder

鼻煙壺snuffbottle

圖章seal

盆景pottedlandscape

屏風screen

二、民俗詞匯轎子sedans

風車pinwheel

雜技acrobatics

魔術magic

撥浪鼓shakingdrum

竹苗bambooflute

皮影shadowpuppet

糖人sugar-molded

四合院courtyardhomes

踩高蹺stiltwalk

武術martialarts

人力車rickshaw

宮燈palacelantern

猜拳finger-guessinggame

說書monologuestory-telling

老字號time-honored

相聲crosstalk

三、傳統節日詞匯

拜年payanewyearcall

爆竹firecracker

鞭炮astringofsmallfirecrackers

大掃除year-endhousehold

燈謎lanternriddles

廟會templefair

年畫newyear’spicture

掛年畫tohangoutnewyear’spicture

年夜飯familyreuniondinneronlunarnewyear

守歲tostayawakeallnight

年糕glutinouscakefornewyear

大年初一thefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonth

八寶飯eight-treasurericepudding

對聯poeticcouplets

貼春聯toputupantitheticalcouplets

糊窗花toputupwindowpaper-cuts

壓歲錢moneygiventochildrenasalunarnewyeargift

四、京劇相關詞匯

地方戲：localopera

戲劇臉譜theatricalmask

生malecharacters

旦femalecharacters

凈paintedfacecharacters

末middle-agedmalecharacters

丑clown

五、中國古代四大發明

火藥gunpowder

指南針compass

造紙術paper-makingtechniques

印刷術paper-printingtechniques

六、中國特有的事務

武術martialarts

氣功Qigong

打擂臺tofightachallengefightinanarena

聽評書tolistentohistoricalortraditionalstories

下象棋toplayChinesechess

練習書法tomakespecialstudiesofcalligraphy

畫國畫todotraditionalChinesepainting

題詩toinscribeapoem

求對tomatchanantitheticalcouplet

元宵節theLanternFestival

端午節theDragon-BoatFestival

中秋節theMid-autumnDay

荔枝節theLitchiFestival

西瓜節theWaterMelonFestival

風箏節theKateFestival

國慶節theNationalDay

勞動節theLaborD

婦女節theWomen’sDay

兒童節theChildren’sDay

教師節theTeachers’Day

建軍節theArmyDay

解放theLiberationin1949

建國thefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949

改革開放tocarryoutreformsandadoptopenpolicies

基層atgrass-rootlevel

干部cadre

文革theCulturalRevolution

上山下鄉tosettledowninthemountainousareasandinthecountryside

國民黨theKuomintang

四世同堂的大家庭anextendedfamilywithfourgenerationslivingunderthesameroof

獨生子女家庭familywithonlyonechild

大齡未婚青年elderunmarriedyouth

離退休人員retiredpeople

貧困地區poverty-strickenarea

貧困戶poverty-strickenfamily

承包toadopttheresponsibilitysystem

致富tobecomewell-off

鐵飯碗ironricebowl/asecurejob

吃大鍋飯toeatfromthesamelargecaldron七、其它大觀園GrandViewGarden龍舟dragonboat肝火fireintheliver診脈fe