AfamousmonasteryLesson8duola0102030405新詞及短語分析1.課文全文總結問答文章逐句分析綜合語法課文原文

①TheGreatStBernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.②At2470metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.③ThefamousmonasteryofStBernard,whichwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.④Forhundredsofyears,StBernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthedangerousPass.⑤Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatch-dogseveninRomantimes.⑥Nowthatatunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.⑦Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashly

attempttocrossthePassonfoot.

⑧Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.⑨Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.⑩Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.?Thetemperaturedropsto-30andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.?ThemonksPreferwintertosummerfortheyhavemoreprivacy.?Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.?TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.?Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofthemountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeatStBernard'smonastery.01020304052.新詞及短語分析1.課文全文總結問答文章逐句分析綜合語法Monastery[?mɑ?n?steri]n.修道院，寺院；asacredbuildingwheremonks（和尚）live同類詞：convent：女修道院，Asacredbuildingwherenuns（修女）livetemple：n.寺廟abbot：n.男修道院院長abbess：n.女修道院院長pass/p?s/n.關隘；關口

v.動詞詞義拓展passon傳遞passby/though經過passout暈過去passaway去世經過，穿過；傳遞，傳送；傳（球）；（所有權）轉移，轉讓；（狀態）轉變；（數量上）超過，突破；（時間）流逝；度過，消磨；通過（考試、課程等）；批準（法律或議案）；發生，說過；略過（問題）；排泄；使（貨幣等）流通；結束，停止；拒絕邀請（提議）；宣布，聲明；（紙牌等游戲中）不叫，過watchdog/?wɑ?t?d??ɡ/n.apersonorgroupofpeoplewhosejobistocheckthatcompaniesarenotdoinganythingillegalorignoringpeople'srights（監督公司活動及監護人們權利的）監察人，監察團體例：aconsumerwatchdog消費者監察人Areyoutakingtheplaceofthewatchdog?你要代替看門狗嗎？rash[r??]---rashlyadj.輕率的，魯莽的

n.皮疹例子：Don'tmakearashact./Don’tactrashly不要輕舉妄動。相關詞匯：rashlyattempt=unthinkinglytry；魯莽嘗試rush：v.猛攻，突襲；n.匆忙reckless：adj.魯莽的lie

[la?]v.躺，臥，位于;n.謊言，位置例：Thelakelies(位于）beyondthishill.Hisinterestliesin(在于）music.相關詞匯：Lie,Lay,Lain,Lying（vi.位于,躺,平放）Lie,Lied,Lied,Lying（vi.說謊）Lay,Laid,Laid,Lying（vt.放置,產卵）drop

[drɑ?p]v.下降，放下

n.滴，空頭例：Thepriceofsharesdroppedby14p.股價下跌了14便士相關拓展：表數量減少的詞：decrease/decline/descend/fall表數量增加的詞：increase/rise/jump/rocketskier

[?ski??r]n.滑雪者例：Heisanenthusiasticskier.

他是個熱情的滑雪愛好者。相關拓展：skiing：滑雪sleigh：雪橇snowboarding：滑雪板skateboard：滑板slide：滑梯，幻燈片enclosure/?n?klo???r/n.apieceoflandthatissurroundedbyafenceorwallandisusedforaparticularpurpose圈占地；圈用地；圍場awildlifeenclosure野生動物圍場例：Thisenclosurewassovastthattheoutermostwallcouldhardlybeseen.

這塊圈地大得幾乎看不見它最外面的圍墻。詞匯拓展attachmentmonk/m??k/n.amemberofareligiousgroupofmenwhooftenliveapartfromotherpeopleinamonasteryandwhodonotmarryorhavepersonalpossessionsn.僧侶，修道士例：Hedisguisedhimselfasamonk.

他將自己扮作一個僧人。詞匯拓展religious/monasteryn.僧侶，修道士；和尚privacy/privacy/n.astateofbeingaloneandnotwatchedordisturbedbyotherpeople

隱私，秘密；清靜，（不受干擾的）獨處例：Shewaslongingforsomepeaceandprivacy.

她渴望過清靜的私人生活。

Hereadtheletterlaterintheprivacyofhisownroom.稍后，他在自己房間里私下讀了那封信。拓展secret

、confidence

、

mysteryEaster

[?i?st?r]n.復活節西方節日：Christmas：圣誕節Thanksgivingday：感恩節Valentine'sday：情人節Halloween：萬圣節中國傳統節日：Tomb-SweepingDay：清明節Dragonboatfestival：端午節Mid-Autumn/MoonFestival：中秋節Lanternfestival：元宵節0102030405新詞及短語分析課文全文總結問答3.文章逐句分析綜合語法①TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.句子成分：—TheGreatSt.BernardPass{s}connects{v}Switzerland{o}toItaly{介短作副}.

—知識點：svo結構、介詞短語作副詞修飾語詞匯與短語1.connectsthtosth把...與..連接起來Firstconnecttheprintertothecomputer.首先把打印機與計算機接通。We'rewaitingforthetelephonetobeconnected.我們等待著接通電話。2.connect....with與…有聯系（或關聯）Therewasnothingtoconnecthimwiththecrime.他與那起犯罪毫無關聯。②

At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.—At2,473metres{副詞},it{s}is{v}thehighestmountain{c}pass{介副詞}inEurope{介短作副詞}.—知識點：svc結構、介詞短語作副詞修飾語1.At2473metres,...在某海拔高度用的是介詞at。用于價格、速度的介詞同樣是at。例句：Shetrainedfortheraceataltitude.她在高海拔地區練賽跑。這里短語ataltitude意思是在高海拔地區。2.thehighest最高級③ThefamousmonasteryofSt.Bernard,whichwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.——Thefamousmonastery{s1}ofSt.Bernard{介短作副詞修飾s},which{關系詞s2}was{v2}founded{c2}intheeleventhcentury{介詞短語作副詞修飾c2},lies{v1}aboutamileaway{介詞短語作副詞修飾v1}.—知識點：svc結構、關系從句、介詞短語作副詞修飾語1.which{關系詞s2}

引導非限定性定語從句2.wasfounded

被創建

foundv創建；創辦--founded---founded④Forhundredsofyears,St.BernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthedangerousPass.—Forhundreds{介短作副}ofyears{介短作副},St.Bernarddogs{s}havesaved{v}thelives{o}oftravellers{介詞短作副}{省略關系詞}{省略主詞s2}{省略動詞v2}crossingthedangerous{c2}Pass{介副詞}.—知識點:介詞短語作副詞、svo結構、關系從句1.Forhundredsofyears;for+一段時間按

一般是現在完成時的提示，所以下文havesaved時態；crossing非謂語動詞表主動，動作的發出者是travellers例子：ManyAsiancountrieshavebeenusingbambooforhundredsofyears.許多亞洲國家使用竹子已有數百年的歷史。⑤Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatchdogseveninRomantimes.—Thesefriendlydogs{s1},which{關系詞s2}were{v2}firstbrought{c2}fromAsia{介短作副},were{v1}used{c1}aswatchdogs{介短作副}even{副詞}inRomantimes{介短作副}.—知識點：介詞短語作副詞、svc結構1.which{關系詞s2}

引導非限定定語從句例：Hisbestmovie,whichwonseveralawards,wasaboutthelifeofGandhi.

他最優秀的電影，就是榮獲幾項大獎的那一部，是關于甘地生平的2.werefirstbrought

；

werefirstbrought

被動語態⑥Nowthatatunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.—Now{副詞}that{名從引導詞}atunnel{s1}hasbeenbuilt{v1}throughthemountains{介短作副修飾v1},thePass{s2}is{v2}lessdangerous{c2},but{連詞}eachyear{介短作副},thedogs{s3}are{v3}still{副詞}sent{v3}out{介副詞}intothesnow{介短作副}whenever{副從引導詞}atraveller{s4}is{v4}indifficulty{介詞短語作形容詞主詞補語}.—知識點：介詞短語作副詞、svc結構、副詞從句(引導詞whenever)1.Nowthat表示原因，引導原因狀語從句，表示一個新情況造成的影響。Nowthat可以省略成now，意思一樣。功能類似的可表示原因的詞還有這些：

：as,since,seeingthat,seeingas放主句后的：for（前面有沒有逗號都可）,inthat（前面不加逗號）。如：IamfortunateinthatIhavemanyfriends.Because表示原因，有時要根據上下文以及常理來理解句意。比如"Idon'ttakethejobbecauseofthemoney"等于"Itakethejobnotbecauseofthemoney"，即我不是為了錢才干這一行。⑦Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocrossthePassonfoot.—Despitethenewtunnel{介短作副詞},there{s1}are{v1}still{副詞}afewpeople{c1}who{關系詞,s2}rashlyattempt{v2}tocrossthePass{不定式作名詞受詞}onfoot{介短作副詞}.—知識點：介詞短語作副詞、svc結構、關系從句(引導詞who)、不定式作名詞性(to+v+n)1.Despiteprep.盡管，即使Hervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrolit.

盡管她竭盡全力控制自己，聲音仍然在顫抖。2thereare

3.rashly表示魯莽地，類似意思的詞有reckless,heedless,impulsive,impetuous,devil-may-care⑧Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeople(whocrossthePassincars.)—Duringthesummermonths{介短作副},themonastery{s1}is{v1}verybusy{c1},for{副從引導詞}it{s2}is{v2}visited{c2}bythousands{介短作副}ofpeople{介短作副，先行詞}(who{s3}cross{v3}thePass{o3}incars{介短作副}.)—知識點：介詞短語作副詞、svc結構、關系從句(who引導詞)1.foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.For..{副從引導詞}

原因狀語

；功能類似的可表示原因的詞還有這些：

：as,since,seeingthat,seeingas2.incars在轎車這種小型的交通工具里用in，而在火車上用onatrain，在飛機或輪船上用onboard。⑨Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.—As{副從引導詞}there{s1}are{v1}somanypeople{c1}about{介作副},thedogs{s2}have{v2}tobekept{不定式作名詞受詞o2}inaspecialenclosure{介短作副}.—知識點：副詞從句(as引導詞)、介詞短語作副詞、svc結構1.As{副從引導詞}

功能類似的可表示原因的詞還有這些：

：as,since,seeingthat,seeingas2.about=around3.tobekept{不定式作名詞受詞o2}

不定式的被動語態tobedone.4.enclosure

⑩

Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.——Inwinter{介短作副},however{副詞},life{s1}atthemonastery{介短作副}is{v1}quitedifferent{c1}.——知識點：svc結構、介詞短語作副詞1.However{副詞}

表轉折；

試區別while/but/nevertheless2.atthemonastery{介短作副}3different--bedifferentfrom;---differentiatev----difference?

Thetemperaturedropsto一30°andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.——Thetemperaturedropsto一30°andveryfewpeople{s1}attempt{v1}tocrossthePass{不定式作名詞受詞}.——知識點：sv結構、不定式作名詞(to+v+n)1.零下三十度的讀法可以是thirtybelow或thirtybelowzero，也可以用minusthirtydegrees（口語中較少用negative）。2、Temperature不僅可以表示溫度，還可以表示緊張程度，比如某地區的局勢升溫。又比如Thetemperatureofthisdiscussionisrisingaseachsideisaddingitsownarguments.Temperature也可表示發燒：Youarehavingatemperature=Youarehavingafever.?

Themonkspreferwintertosummerfortheyhavemoreprivacy.——Themonks{s1}prefer{v1}winter{o1}tosummer{介短作副}for{副從引導詞}they{s2}have{v2}moreprivacy{o2}.——知識點：副詞從句(for引導詞)、svo結構1.prefersthtosth喜歡....勝過....例：Ipreferyellowtobluepreferdoingtodoingprefertodoratherthando2.for{副從引導詞}

表原因?

Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.——Thedogs{s1}have{v1}greaterfreedom{o1},too{副詞},for{副從引導詞}they{s2}are{v2}allowed{c2}towander{介短作副}outsidetheirenclosure{介短作副}.——知識點：副詞從句(for引導詞)、svc結構、svo結構1.too{副詞}

；區別also/either/aswell2.for{副從引導詞}

表原因3.areallowed

被動

?TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.——Theonlyregularvisitors{s1}tothemonastery{介短作副}inwinter{介短作副}are{v2}parties{c2}ofskiers{介短作副，先行詞}who{關系詞s2}go{v2}thereatChristmasandEaster{介短作副}.——知識點：svc結構、關系從句(who引導詞)、介詞短語作副詞1who{關系詞s2}

非限定性定語

regularadj.定期的，規律的；經常的例：Thereisaregularbusservicetotheairport.有班車定時發往機場。?

Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofthemountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeatSt.Bernard'smonastery.—Theseyoungpeople{s1},who{s2}love{v2}thepeace{o2}ofthemountains{介短作副},always{adv}receive{v1}awarmwelcome{o1}atSt.Bernard'smonastery{介短作副}.—知識點：介詞短語作副詞、svo結構1.who{s2}

引導非限定定語從句例：Sheisthestudent,whoeveryteacherlikes.peacen.和平，太平；平靜---peacefuladj0102030405新詞及短語分析課文全文4.總結問答文章逐句分析綜合語法1WhenisSt.Bernard'smonasteryvisitedbythousandsofpeople?2HowdothesepeoplecrossthePass?3Whyarethedogskeptinaspecialenclosure?4Howlowdoesthetemperaturedropinwinter?5Aretherefewvisitorsthen,orarethereagreatmany?6Dothemonkspreferthewinterseasonornot?7Whatarethedogsfreetodoinwinter?_8Whatsortofpeopleregularlyvisitthemonasteryinwinter?9Dotheystaytherethewholewinter,ordotheystayonlyatcertaintimes?10Aretheywarmlywelcomedornot?專題鞏固根據漢語提示，用單詞的適當形式填空。1.Thereusedtobeasmall__________________(修道院)onthetopofthemountain.2.He_________________(冒失地)tookoverthebusiness,andregrettedshortlyafterwards,3.Thehorseswalkedinthe_________________(圍場)，waitingfortheirturntotakepartintherace,4.Originally,therewerethree_________________(和尚)inthetemple,butnowonlyonestayshere..5.Hundredsof_________________(滑雪者)areenjoyingthethicksnowonthemountain,用括號內單詞或詞組的正確形式翻譯下列句子。l.相比出去散步，我更喜歡在家里看電視。(prefer.。to.)_____________________________________________________________________________________2.既然你已經決定去國外讀書，你就要好好利用那些時間。(nowthat...）_____________________________________________________________________________________3.是他在我困難的時候幫助了我。(beindifficulty）_____________________________________________________________________________________4.當地政府已經派出一支救援隊去搜尋幸存者。(sendout)_____________________________________________________________________________________5.囚犯們企圖逃跑，但是失敗了。(attempt】_____________________________________________________________________________________6.他從國外返回時受到了熱烈歡迎。(receive；welcome)_____________________________________________________________________________________IpreferwatchingTVathometogoingoutforawalkNowthatyouhavedecidedtostudyabroad,youmustmakegooduseofthetimeItwashewhohelpedmewhenIwasindifficultyThelocalgovernmenthassentoutarescueteamtosearchforsurvivorsTheprisonersattemptedtoescape,butfailedHereceivedawarmwelcomeonhisreturnfromabroad.根據括號內的要求改寫句子。l.ThosepeoplearemembersoftheTravelClub.Theyareplayinginthepark.(改為含有who引導的定語從句的復合句)_____________________________________________________________________________________2.Despitethebadweather,,wehadagreattimeinthemountains.(改為同義句，每空一詞)____________________________thebadweather,wehadagreattimeinthemountains.3.Whateveryoudointhefuture,tryyourbesttodoitwell.(改為同義句，每空一詞)____________________________you