Unit3GettingalongwithothersExtendedreadingI.LearningobjectivesBytheendofthelesson,thestudentswillbeableto:1.knowaboutFrancisBaconandhisworks;2.understandthebenefitsfriendshipbrings;3.analysethewritingtechniquesandfigureoutthefunctionsofthesewritingtechniques;4.writeasummaryoftheessayusingtheirownwords.II.Keycompetencefocus1.Understandthegenre,thestructureandthegistoftheessay.2.Analysethewritingtechniquesandtrytoapplythemtowriting.3.Writeasummaryoftheessay.III.Predictedareasofdifficulty1.Understandthestructureandsortoutthedetails.2.Understandthewritingtechniquesoftheessay.3.Writeasummaryoftheessay.IV.Teachingprocedures Step1Introductionoftheauthor1.TintroducesFrancisBacon.TgreetsSsandasksthemtoanswerthefollowingquestion:WhatinformationdoyouknowaboutFrancisBacon?TintroducesFrancisBacon’sworks.3.TintroduceswhatanessayisandFrancisBacon’sessays.4.TguidesSstoappreciatesomefamousquotesofFrancisBacon.【設計意圖：通過對作者及其作品的介紹，讓學生熟悉文章類型。通過對培根名句的賞析，激起學生的閱讀興趣。】Step2Prediction1.TguidesSstopredictfromthetitleandbrainstormtheaspectsoffriendship.T:Canyoupredictwhataspectsoffriendshipwillbetalkedabout?2.TasksSstouseonewordtoconcludethemainideaoftheessay.【設計意圖：通過預測來制造懸念，激發學生研讀語篇的興趣。】Step3Aglobalview1.UnderstandthemainideaTasksSstogothroughthepassagequicklyandunderlinethesentencesthatindicatethemainideaofeachparagraph.2.TasksSstodrawoutthestructureofthearticle,talkaboutthefunctionofeachpartandsharewithclassmates.【設計意圖：指導學生快速閱讀找出文章主旨，了解文章主旨句的位置，并用概括性的表達總結主旨大意。引導學生通過獲取、概括、整合等思維訓練活動，從宏觀層面理清語篇結構，把握語篇信息，培養學生查找處理信息的能力。】Step4Acloselook1.TasksSstoreadparas.3–5againandfillinthetable.FruitsThewaytogetthefruitsTheimportanceofthefruitsPeaceBetterunderstandingandjudgementHelpSscomparenotesingroupsandshareopinionswithothers.Step5CriticalthinkingTguidesSstoreflectonthefollowingquestion:?Doyouthinkyoucangetbetteradvicefromyourfriends?Why?Sampleanswer:Yes,Icangetbetteradvicefrommyfriendsbecausetheycanlookatmyproblemsmoreobjectivelyandofferadvicefromadifferentangle.Asasayinggoes,twoheadsarebetterthanone.?Willyouturntofriendswhenyouareconfrontedwithdifficulty?Howdoyouknowwhentobeindependentandwhentoaskforthehelpoffriends?Sampleanswer:OfcourseIwill,butweshouldtrytodealwithaproblemonourownfirstbeforeweturntoourfriendsforguidance.Independencegivesusthefreedomtosearchinsideourselves.Wecanshareourthoughtswithourfriendsandtakeadvantageoftheiropinions,butwealoneareresponsibleforourdecisions.?WhydoesFrancisBaconsaythat“enjoyingthecompanyofacrowdisnotthesameasbeingwithfriends”?Sampleanswer:Notallpeoplearoundyoucangiveyoupeace,betterunderstandingandjudgementandhelp.Onlytruefriendscangiveuscomfort,adviceandhelp.Therefore,weshouldchoosefriendscarefullyanddevelopthefriendshipcarefully.【設計意圖：引導學生進一步研讀語篇，培養查找、分析、整合信息的能力。在閱讀的過程中表達自己對友誼的觀點。】Step6Writingtechniques1.Metaphor(1)Tpresentsasentencefrompara.1andasksSsthefollowingquestions:?Whatdoes“rockyroad”herereferto?Whatcanweknowfromthisexpression?Answer:Itreferstoourlife.Ourlifeisnotalwayssmooth.Wemayencounterdifficultiesnowandthen.?Whatkindoffigureofspeechisemployedhere?Whatistheeffectofit?Answer:Ametaphorisafigureofspeechinwhichanimpliedcomparisonismadebetweentwounlikethingsthatactuallyhavesomethingincommon.Thereisno“as”or“like”inametaphor.Ametaphor“carries”meaningfromoneword,image,ideaorsituationtoanother.Itcanexpresstheunfamiliarintermsofthefamiliarandthereforehelptoexplaintheunfamiliarthings.Itcanalsomakethewritinginterestingandvivid.SsdiscussingroupstofindoutmoremetaphorsinthetextandTasksthefollowingquestion:?Whyislifelikeapath?Answer:Lifeisalongprocessjustlikewalkinginapath.Sometimeswehavehappymemoriesjustlikesmellingsweetflowersalongtheroad.Andsometimeswearefacedwithproblemsjustliketrippingoverthestonesonthewindingroad.(3)TasksSstocreatetheirownmetaphors.T:Canyoutrytocreateasimilarmetaphoraboutlife?TgivesSsanexample:Lifeisaboat,goingthroughupsanddowns.2.Parallelism(1)TasksSstoreadtwosentencesinpara.1andpara.6respectivelyandasksthemtrytofigureoutthetechniqueusedinthesentence.(2)TasksSstofindanotherexampleofparallelism.Tshowsthefirstsentencesofparas.3–5.(3)Tasksstudentstoexplainparallelismanditseffects.Answer:Parallelismusessimilarwords,phrasesorclausestoshowthatideashavethesamelevelofimportance.Thisstructureimprovesreadabilitybygivinganaturalflowtoawrittenwork.Parallelismaddsrhythm,unity,balanceandcoherencetoyourwriting.Effectiveparallelismmakessentenceseasytofollowandemphasizesrelationshipsamongequivalentid