限時規范練36Unit1Alandofdiversity核心素養關鍵詞:培養學生人與社會、歷史地理的素養能力意識一、閱讀理解ATheislandofCubaisnobiggerthanPennsylvania.Yetwhenitcomestonature,theislandisoneofthemostimportantplacesontheplanet.Thatisthemessageof?Cuba!,anexhibitthatopenedinNovemberattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory(AMNH),inNewYorkCity.“Thebiodiversity(生物多樣性)ofCubaispartofCubanidentity,”AnaLuzPorzecanskisays.SheisthedirectoroftheCenterforBiodiversityandConservationatAMNHandoneofthetwocurators(apersoninchargeofamuseumexhibit)oftheexhibit.DetailedrecreationsoffourhabitatstransporttypicalpartsofCuba’slandscapesandseascapestoNewYork.Theyincludeancientcavesandanetworkofreefs.Oneareafeaturesliveanolelizards,aCubantreefrog,andaCubanboa.Cubaboastsmorethan6,500speciesofplants,161kindsofreptiles,65typesofamphibians,42speciesofmammals,and367birdspecies.Oneofthoseisthebeehummingbird.Weighingfarlessthananounce(about28grams),itisthesmallestbirdonEarth.MuchofthewildlifefoundinCubaexistsonlythere.Thatgivesscientistsauniqueopportunitytostudyhowplantsandanimalsdevelopandsurvive.“Cubaisaveryexcitingplaceforustolookatallthesedifferentprocesses,”saysChristopherRaxworthy.Heisinchargeofonedepartmentofthemuseumandacocuratoroftheexhibit.“Butthatalsocreatesgreatchallengesforconservation.”ClimatechangeisthreateningCuba’swildlife.Somespeciesmayevendisappear.Thecountryistakingstepstoprotectitsplantsandanimals.ButAMNHhopes?Cuba!willshowhowimportantthecountry’snaturalworldistoeveryone.1.Whatcanbeknownabout?Cuba!?A.ItshowsCuba’srichbiodiversity.B.Itcomparestheislandsontheplanet.C.ItfeaturesCuba’ssocialdevelopment.D.ItopensinamuseuminPennsylvania.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boasts”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Increases. B.Needs.C.Has. D.Expects.3.WhatdoesChristopherfindchallenging?A.Toorganizetheexhibition.B.Toobserveplantsandanimals.C.TostudytheuniquespeciesofCuba.D.ToprotectthenativewildlifeofCuba.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CubafightsclimatechangeB.TravelfromCubatoAmericaC.WildlifeconservationfacesthreatD.AMNH’sCubaexhibitexploresbiodiversityBWhenAnthonyandJacquelineRich’sdogMontydiedlastNovemberattheageof14,thecouple,whoareintheirsixtiesandhavehaddogsforfortyyearsofmarriedlife,weredevastated.TodaythereisanotherdogOllieattheirhome.Hecametothemafterthedeathofhis81-year-oldownerandtheyalready“lovehimtopieces”.It’sasimpleenoughequation—bereaved(喪失親人的)ownerplusbereavedpetequalscomfortandnewjoyforbothparties.Thebenefitsofanimalcompanionshipforolderpeoplearenowwelldocumented;itisthepracticalitiesthatoftenprovethestumblingblock.ThismonthDrJuneMcNicholas,ahealthpsychologistatWarwickUniversity,willcarryoutastudywhichaimstoidentifythosefactorsthatmaypreventtheelderlyfromkeepingpetsandwhichsuggestspossiblesolutions.“Oldpeoplewithpetsaregenerallymoreactive,”shesays.“Obviously,walkingadogisgoodexerciseandcanalsobeawayofpreservingsocialcontactsormakingnewfriendships,butevenjustgettingupanddowntoseetothecatorgoingtotheshopsforfoodisbetterthannothing.Researchhasalsofoundthatthosewhohaveanimalsarelikelytokeeptheirhomeswarmerinwinterandtofeedthemselvesmoreregularly.Self-careisoftentiedinwithpetcare,whichisespeciallyimportantforthosewholivealone.”InanearlierprojectMcNicholasstudiedtheroleofanimalsinhelpingpeoplewidowed(寡居的)afterlongmarriages.Among200subjects,shefoundthatsymptomsofuncontrolledtearfulnessandfeelingsofhopelessnessandhelplessnesswereallloweredamongpetowners.McNicholassays,“Intheearlystages,theanimalwasacontinuinglinkwiththelovedone.Thebereavedoftenwanttotalkaboutthepersonthey’velost,butotherpeopledon’t,soinsteadtheytalktothedog,whichrespondstothename.Wehavenowayofknowingwhetheranimalsareactuallysympathetic,buttheyrespondtochangesinbehaviourandbodylanguageinawaythatgivescomfort.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastated”inParagraph1mean?A.Grateful. B.Relaxed.C.Sorrowful. D.Confused.6.WhatdoesMcNicholasmainlytalkaboutinParagraph3?A.Thebenefitsofkeepingapet.B.Thetroublespetownersface.C.Factorspreventingpeoplehavingpets.D.Waysofhandlingoldpeople’sloneliness.7.WhatdidMcNicholas’searlierstudyfind?A.Petsoftenshowtheirownerssympathy.B.Petscanrespondtotheirowners’needs.C.Petsserveastheirowners’spiritualguide.D.Petscanhelptheirownerswiththeirsadness.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GetalongwellwithyournewpetB.YouarenevertoooldtohaveapetC.StartyourlaterlifewithanewhobbyD.Helpolderpeoplelivefullyandhappily二、完形填空There’satinytowncalledWaterfordinEasternOhio.Everyotheryearsomethingvery1happensthere—a(n)2thatturnsanentiretownintoonebig3.Thesedays,applebutterisstillcookedon-siteinthe4method,stirredforhoursinhugekettlesoveropenfires.

Makingapplebutterisn’t5,butithastobedoneright.Thefirecan’tbetoohot,ortoocool.Youcan’tstirtoofast,ortooslow.Andaboveall,thestirstickcannever6.It’sallaboutgettingpeopletogether.Strangersare7andpassersbyarewavedovertothestirfora8.

Young,afifth-gradeteacher9timeswhenAppleButterWeekendwasjusther,hermother,andhergrandmother.Thesedaysthey’ll10fortypeopleormore,cookingup100pints(品脫)atatime.Mostgetsdividedupamongthefamily,butplenty11infridgesacrossWaterfordandbeyond.

“Wedon’t12it,”saidYoung.But,shesaid,“ifyouask,you’regoingtogetit.”

Thefamilyhasfacedmanychallengesovertheyears,1313timesduringthe1960s.Butwhereverthey’velived,herparentsalwaysmadefriendsthe14waytheymakeapplebutter:bydoingthelittlethingstherightway,payingattentionateverymoment.

“They’vedoneeverythingin15steps,”Youngsaid.“Ialwayssay,mymomanddadhavehugeears.Theyjust16.Theyaren’tquicktojudge;theyaren’tquickto17anything.They’vemadealifeofworkingon18.”

SoAppleButterWeekendinWaterfordisn’tjustabouttheapplebutter.19,theweekendisaboutcommunity:teachingtheyoungsters,learningfromtheelders,makingnewfriendsandpassingonunchanging20evenastheworldchanges.

1.A.special B.serious C.rare D.strict2.A.game B.show C.custom D.policy3.A.city B.familyC.organization D.club4.A.typical B.effectiveC.funny D.traditional5.A.expensive B.complicatedC.common D.popular6.A.bend B.stop C.fall D.roll7.A.welcomed B.crowdedC.gathered D.understood8.A.taste B.toast C.turn D.dance9.A.notices B.expectsC.spends D.remembers10.A.choose B.draw C.help D.find11.A.runsout B.growsupC.endsup D.breaksdown12.A.exchange B.shareC.store D.sell13.A.abandoning B.failingC.moving D.fighting14.A.easy B.smart C.best D.same15.A.small B.correct C.similar D.unusual16.A.enjoy B.listen C.wait D.play17.A.offer B.refuse C.leave D.decide18.A.spirits B.mannersC.friendships D.feelings19.A.Instead B.ThereforeC.Otherwise D.However20.A.values B.memoriesC.wealth D.rules三、短文改錯IalwaysmakesureofIwon’ttakeanystressorworryintoexams.Instead,Itrytoshowthehighestpositivespiritsbecausemyclassmatesalsobecomepositive.IdidasamethinglastFriday.Iwasn’twellpreparedwithanupcomingchemistryexamanddidn’tknowhowitwouldgo.However,Idecidedtodowhatevermademefeelinghappyandspreadjoyaroundasusually.Iwenttoschoolandsaweveryonewasworried,soItoldsomejokesmakealightenvironment.ThewayItoldthejokeschangeeverythingandallmyclassmatessoonfeltrelaxing.Asaresult,wedidwellintheexams.參考答案限時規范練36(選修8Unit1)一、【篇章導讀】本文是說明文。美國自然歷史博物館舉辦的展覽?Cuba!展示了古巴豐富的生物多樣性。1.A細節理解題。由第一段中的“whenitcomestonature,theislandisoneofthemostimportantplacesontheplanet.Thatisthemessageof?Cuba!”以及第二段中的“ThebiodiversityofCubaispartofCubanidentity”可知,?Cuba!是在紐約的美國自然歷史博物館舉辦的一次展覽,主要展示了古巴豐富的生物多樣性。2.C詞義猜測題。由劃線詞后的“6,500speciesofplants,161kindsofreptiles,65typesofamphibians,42speciesofmammals,and367birdspecies”可知,古巴擁有6500種植物、161種爬行動物、65種兩棲動物、42種哺乳動物和367種鳥類,這也照應了上文中提到的古巴豐富的生物多樣性。3.D細節理解題。由倒數第二段中的“Butthatalsocreatesgreatchallengesforconservation”可知,保護古巴的野生動植物是一大挑戰。4.D標題歸納題。通讀全文可知,本文主要講述了在紐約的美國自然歷史博物館舉辦的展覽?Cuba!展示了古巴豐富的生物多樣性。D項作標題符合文章主旨。【篇章導讀】本文是議論文。文章主要講述了養寵物的好處。5.C詞義猜測題。由第一段中的“Montydied”和“havehaddogsforfortyyearsofmarriedlife”以及“bereavedownerplusbereavedpetequalscomfortandnewjoyforbothparties”可知,當Anthony和JacquelineRich夫婦的狗Monty死后,他們非常傷心。6.A段落大意題。由第三段的描述可知,本段主要講述了養寵物給老人帶來的好處:老人會更積極、得到更多的鍛煉、保持社交,寵物還可以激勵老人照顧好自己。7.D推理判斷題。由倒數第二段中的“symptomsofuncontrolledtearfulness...wereallloweredamongpetowners”和最后一段中的“theyrespondtochangesinbehaviourandbodylanguageinawaythatgivescomfort”可知,寵物能給予主人安慰,尤其能帶給寡居老人快樂和慰藉,讓他們不那么悲傷、絕望和無助。8.B標題歸納題。通讀全文可知,JuneMcNicholas博士的研究發現養寵物可以給寡居老人帶來精神上的慰藉,讓他們變得更積極,得到更多的鍛煉,保持社交的延續性,并激勵他們照顧好自己,由此可知,養寵物有很多益處。故B項做標題能恰當概括文章主旨。二、【篇章導讀】本文是記敘文。文章介紹了俄亥俄州東部小城鎮沃特福德的一項特殊節日傳統:手工制作蘋果醬。對于當地人而言,這項活動不僅僅傳承著古老的傳統,也傳承著當地亙古不變的價值觀:認真對待生活中的每一刻,友好地對待身邊的每個人。1.A根據下文中人們用古法制作蘋果醬可知,這是當地一項“特殊的(special)”活動。2.C根據上文中的“Everyotheryearsomething...happensthere”可知,這個活動每兩年舉行一次,是當地的“習俗(custom)”。3.B根據第二段中的“It’sallaboutgettingpeopletogether”可知,這個節日把整個鎮子凝聚成一個大“家庭(family)”。4.D根據下文中的“inhugekettlesoveropenfires”可知,這個鎮子用“傳統的(traditional)”方式制作蘋果醬。5.B根據下文中的“butithastobedoneright”與本句話的轉折關系可知,制作蘋果醬并不“復雜(complicated)”。6.B根據上文中的“stirredforhours”及“Thefirecan’tbetoohot,ortoocool.Youcan’tstirtoofast,ortooslow”可知,蘋果醬的制作過程中需要一直用攪拌棒攪拌,不能“停(stop)”下。7.A根據上文中的“gettingpeopletogether”及下文中的“passersbyarewavedovertothestir”可知,當地人也“歡迎(welcomed)”陌生人過來一起攪拌蘋果醬。8.C根據上文中攪拌不能停止可知,當地人歡迎陌生人和路過的人也加入他們,“輪流(turn)”攪拌蘋果醬。9.D根據下文中的“whenAppleButterWeekendwasjusthe