設計目標《數(shù)據(jù)結構》課程關鍵介紹最常見數(shù)據(jù)結構，說明多種數(shù)據(jù)結構內(nèi)在邏輯關系，討論其在計算機中存放表示，和在其上進行多種運算時實現(xiàn)算法，并對算法效率進行簡單分析和討論。進行數(shù)據(jù)結構課程設計要達成以下目標：了解并掌握數(shù)據(jù)結構和算法設計方法，含有初步獨立分析和設計能力；初步掌握軟件開發(fā)過程問題分析、系統(tǒng)設計、程序編碼、測試等基礎方法和技能；提升綜合利用所學理論知識和方法獨立分析和處理問題能力；訓練用系統(tǒng)見解和軟件開發(fā)通常規(guī)范進行軟件開發(fā)，培養(yǎng)軟件工作者所應含有科學工作方法和作風。設計內(nèi)容和要求關鍵分為兩大功效：(1)圖書管理(增加圖書、查詢圖書、刪除圖書、圖書借閱、還書)；(2)會員管理(增加會員、查詢會員、刪除會員、借書信息)。設計要求：(1)符合課題要求，實現(xiàn)對應功效；(2)要求界面友好美觀，操作方便易行；(3)注意程序?qū)嵱眯浴踩裕?．本設計所采取數(shù)據(jù)結構采取兩條單鏈表，其頭結點分別為head、mhead全局變量來存放圖書信息和會員信息。其定義數(shù)據(jù)結構以下：/*圖書信息結構體*/typedefstructelem{ charbookid[5]; charbookname[50]; charbookauthor[20]; charbookmark[2]; charmemberid[4]; }elemtype;/*圖書鏈表結點結構體*/typedefstructnode{ elemtypedata; structnode*next; }lnode,*linknode;/*會員信息結構體*/typedefstructmemberelem{ charmemberid[4]; charmembername[20]; }memberelemtype;/*會員鏈表結點結構體*/typedefstructmembernode{ memberelemtypedata; structmembernode*next; }mlnode,*mlinknode;4．功效模塊具體設計圖書借閱管理系統(tǒng)圖書借閱管理系統(tǒng)圖書管理模塊會員管理模塊增加圖書查詢圖書刪除圖書圖書借閱還書增加會員查詢會員借書信息刪除會員4.1具體設計思想系統(tǒng)開啟時，經(jīng)過讀取文件完成對以head、mhead為表頭單鏈表完成初始化。初始化后系統(tǒng)進入系統(tǒng)菜單，其運行界面以下：當選擇功效1時，進入圖書管理模塊，其運行界面以下：當選擇功效2時，進入會員管理模塊，其運行界面以下：在圖書管理界面中，當選擇功效1時，查看全部圖書，其運行界面圖：在會員管理界面中，當選擇功效1時，查看全部會員，其運行界面圖：4.2各個實現(xiàn)函數(shù)為了實現(xiàn)上述功效，特定義以下函數(shù)原型,具體代碼參見源代碼部分：voidmain()/*入口*/voidinitallinfo()/*初始化圖書和會員鏈表*/voidwelform()/*系統(tǒng)總菜單*/voidprintbookinfo(linknodehead)/*輸出圖書信息函數(shù)*/voidaddbook()/*增加圖書模塊*/voidselect()/*按編號查詢圖書*/voiddelete()/*按編號刪除圖書*/voidborrow()/*借閱圖書*/voidreturnbook()/*還書*/voidbookmanagetitle()/*圖書管理二級菜單*/voidbookmanage()/*二級圖書管理功效選擇函數(shù)*/voidprintmemberinfo(mlinknodehead)/*輸出會員信息函數(shù)*/voidaddmember()/*增加會員模塊*/voidselectmember()/*按編號查詢會員*/voiddeletemember()/*按編號刪除會員*/voidmembermanagetitle()/*會員管理二級菜單*/voidmembermanage()/*二級會員管理功效選擇函數(shù)*/4.4圖書會員鏈表程序調(diào)試數(shù)據(jù)如表：圖書初始數(shù)據(jù)表bookidbooknamebookauthorbookmarkmemberid0001sanguoyanyiluoguanzhongN00002hongloumengcaoxueqinN00003xiyoujiwuchengenY0010004shuihuzhuanshinaianN00005javascriptJoinN00006cprogromtanghaoqiangN00007liaozhaizhiyipusonglingY0070008jiabajinN00009richucaoyuY0030010nahanluxunN0會員信息表memberidmembername001zhouxicai002longqidong003lipengfei004gaopeng005chenwentang006yangminghao4.5關鍵代碼#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string.h>#defineNULL0typedefstructelem{ charbookid[5]; charbookname[50]; charbookauthor[20]; charbookmark[2]; charmemberid[5];}elemtype;typedefstructnode{ elemtypedata; structnode*next;}lnode,*linknode;typedefstructmemberelem{ charmemberid[5]; charmembername[25];}memberelemtype;typedefstructmembernode{ memberelemtypedata; structmembernode*next;}mlnode,*mlinknode;linknodehead;mlinknodemhead;FILE*bp,*bq;voidinitallinfo(){ FILE*bp,*bq; linknodep,q; mlinknodem,n; head=(lnode*)malloc(sizeof(lnode)); head->next=NULL; mhead=(mlnode*)malloc(sizeof(mlnode)); mhead->next=NULL; bp=fopen("book.txt","rb"); printf("%s",feof(bp)); bq=fopen("member.txt","rb"); printf("%s",feof(bp)); if(bp==NULL) { printf("cannotopenbookbat!"); getchar(); getchar(); } else { do { p=(lnode*)malloc(sizeof(lnode)); fread(p,sizeof(lnode),1,bp); q=p->next; p->next=head->next; head->next=p; }while(q!=NULL); fclose(bp); } if(bq==NULL) { printf("cannotopenmemberdat!"); getchar(); getchar(); } else { do { m=(mlnode*)malloc(sizeof(mlnode)); fread(m,sizeof(mlnode),1,bq); n=m->next; m->next=mhead->next; mhead->next=m; }while(n!=NULL);fclose(bq); }}voidmainmenu(){ system("cls"); printf("SYSTEMMAINMENU\n"); printf("*********************************************\n"); printf("*1:bookmanage*\n"); printf("*-------------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*2:membermanage*\n"); printf("*-------------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*0:quit*\n"); printf("*********************************************\n"); printf("\nPleaseinputorder:\n");}voidprintbookinfo(linknodehead){ linknodep=head->next; system("cls"); printf("Thebookinformationsare:\n"); printf("%-7s%-20s%-15s%-6s%s\n","id","title","author","mark","borrower"); printf("*********************************************\n"); for(;p!=NULL;p=p->next) printf("%-7s%-20s%-15s%-6s%s\n",p->data.bookid,p->data.bookname,p->data.bookauthor,p->data.bookmark,p->data.memberid); printf("\nPleaseanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voidaddbook(){ linknodep=(lnode*)malloc(sizeof(lnode)); system("cls"); printf("Addbooks.....\n"); printf("%-7s%-20s%-15s%\n","id(5)","title","author"); printf("*********************************************\n"); scanf("%s%s%s",p->data.bookid,p->data.bookname,p->data.bookauthor); p->data.bookmark[0]='N'; p->data.bookmark[1]='\0'; p->data.memberid[0]='0'; p->data.memberid[1]='\0'; p->next=head->next; head->next=p; printf("\nAddsuccess!\n"); printf("\nPressanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voidselect(){ charid[5]; linknodep; system("cls"); p=head->next; printf("selectbookbyid.....\n"); printf("Pleaseinputbookid:\n"); scanf("%s",id); while(p!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p->data.bookid,id)==0) break; else p=p->next; } if(p==NULL) printf("\nThebooknotexit!\n"); else { printf("\n%-7s%-20s%-15s%-3s%s\n","id","title","author","borrowed","borrower"); printf("********************************************\n"); printf("\n%-7s%-20s%-15s%-3s%s\n",p->data.bookid,p->data.bookname,p->data.bookauthor,p->data.bookmark,p->data.memberid); } printf("\nPleaseanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voiddeletebook(){ charid[5]; linknodep,q; system("cls"); p=head->next; q=head; printf("deletebookbyid......\n"); printf("Pleaseinputbookid:\n"); scanf("%s",id); while(p!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p->data.bookid,id)==0) break; else { q=p; p=p->next; } } if(p==NULL) printf("\nThebookyouwanttodeletearenotexit!\n"); else { q->next=p->next; free(p); printf("\nDeletesuccess!\n"); } printf("\nPressanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voidborrow(){ charid[5]; charmid[5]; linknodep; mlinknodeq; system("cls"); printf("borrowbook.....\n"); do { p=head->next; printf("Pleaseinputbookid:\n"); scanf("%s",id); while(p!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p->data.bookid,id)==0) break; else p=p->next; } if(p==NULL) { printf("\nThebookdoesn'texit!pleaseinputitagain!\n"); } }while(p!=NULL); if(p!=NULL) { do { q=mhead->next; printf("\nPleaseinputmemberid:\n"); scanf("%s",mid); while(q!=NULL) { if(strcmp(q->data.memberid,mid)==0) break; else q=q->next; } if(q==NULL) { printf("\nYouarenotmember!inputagain!\n"); } }while(q==NULL); if(q!=NULL&&(strcmp(p->data.bookmark,"Y"))!=0) { strcpy(p->data.bookmark,"Y"); strcpy(p->data.memberid,q->data.memberid); printf("\nsuccessed!\n"); getchar(); getchar(); } else { printf("\nThebookhaveborrowed,pleasewaitafewdays....."); getchar(); getchar(); } } printf("\nPressanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voidreturnbook(){ charid[5]; linknodep; system("cls"); p=head->next; printf("returnbook.....\n"); printf("Pleaseinputbookid:\n"); scanf("%s",id); while(p!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p->data.bookid,id)==0) break; else p=p->next; } if(p==NULL) printf("\nThebookyouwanttoretrunarenotexit!\n"); else { strcpy(p->data.bookmark,"N"); strcpy(p->data.memberid,"0"); printf("\nsuccessed!\n"); } printf("\nPressanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voidbookmanagetitle(){ system("cls"); printf("BOOKMANAGEMENU\n"); printf("*********************************************\n"); printf("*1:Lookallbooks*\n"); printf("*-------------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*2:Addbook*\n"); printf("*-------------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*3:Selectbookbyid*\n"); printf("*-------------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*4:Deletebookbyid*\n"); printf("*-------------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*5:Borrowbook*\n"); printf("*-------------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*6:Returnbook*\n"); printf("*-------------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*0:Returntomainform*\n"); printf("*********************************************\n"); printf("\nPleaseinputorder:\n");}voidbookmanage(){ intch; while(1) { bookmanagetitle(); scanf("%d",&ch); if(ch==0) break; switch(ch) { case1:printbookinfo(head); break; case2:addbook(); break; case3:select(); break; case4:deletebook(); break; case5:borrow(); break; case6:returnbook(); break; case0:break;default:printf("\nTouhaveinputthewrongorder!\n");printf("Pressanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar(); } }}voidprintmemberinfo(mlinknodehead){ mlinknodemp=head->next; system("cls"); printf("Thememberinfomationsare....\n"); printf("%-7s%s\n","id","name"); printf("********************************************\n"); for(;mp!=NULL;mp=mp->next) printf("%-7s%s\n",mp->data.memberid,mp->data.membername); printf("\nPressanykeykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voidaddmember(){ mlinknodep=(mlnode*)malloc(sizeof(mlnode)); system("cls"); printf("Addmember.....\n"); printf("%-7s%s\n","id","name"); printf("*******************************************\n"); scanf("%s%s",p->data.memberid,p->data.membername); p->next=mhead->next; mhead->next=p; printf("\nAddsuccess!"); printf("\nPressanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voidselectmember(){ charid[5]; mlinknodep; system("cls"); printf("selectmemberbyid.....\n"); p=mhead->next; printf("Pleaseinputmemberid:\n"); scanf("%s",id); while(p!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p->data.memberid,id)==0) break; else p=p->next; } if(p==NULL) printf("\nThemembernotexit!\n"); else { printf("\n%-7s%s\n","id","name"); printf("*****************************************\n"); printf("%-7s%s\n",p->data.memberid,p->data.membername); } printf("\nPressanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voiddeletemember(){ charid[5]; mlinknodep,q; system("cls"); printf("deletemember.....\n"); p=mhead->next; q=mhead; printf("Pleaseinputmemberid:\n"); scanf("%s",id); while(p!=NULL) { if(strcmp(p->data.memberid,id)==0) break; else { q=p; p=p->next; } } if(p==NULL) printf("\nThememberyouwanttodeletearenotexit!\n"); else { q->next=p->next; free(p); printf("\nDeletesuccess!\n"); } printf("\nPressanykeyreturn....."); getchar(); getchar();}voidmembermanagetitle(){ system("cls"); printf("MEMBERMANAGEMENU\n"); printf("*******************************************\n"); printf("*1:Lookallmemberinfo*\n"); printf("*-----------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*2:Addmember*\n"); printf("*-----------------------------------------*\n"); printf("*3:Selectmemberbyid*\n"); printf("*--------------------------------