2024屆湖南省常德市高三下學期3月模擬考試英語試題

學校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀理解

Ifyou'reableto,wanderingthestreetsofanewcityonfootisanunrivalledwaytotake

inallthesightsandsounds.Andthere'snodenyingthatwalkingisamuchmoreeco(and

wallet)friendlyformoftransport,too.Tohelpyougetoutandexplore,languagelearning

platformPreplyhasrankedEurope'smostwalkablecities.Theyanalyzedthewalking

distancebetweentopattractionsandnowrevealwhichcitiesinEuropearetheeasiestto

exploreonfoot.

Seville,Spain

VisitorstothischarmingSpanishcitycanexploretheimpressivePlazadeEspanapublic

square,beforewanderingovertotheUNESCO-listedpalaceofRealAlcazarandSeville

Cathedral.Withjust20minutesofwalkingbetweentheseattractions,youcanreallymakethe

mostofyourtimehere.

Venice,Italy

Veniceisrenownedasaheavenforpedestrians,soifsnosurpriseitranksasthesecond

bestlocationforwalkablecitybreaks.Thereareendlessattractivealleywaystoexplore,as

wellasplentyofstunninglyornate(華麗的)bridgesoverthecrisscrossingcanalsthatthecity

isfamedfor.Justunderhalfanhourofwalkingherewilltakeyouonatouroftheimpressive

GrandCanal,Doge'sPalace,StMark'sSquareandsoon,allinonly1.3miles.

Florence,Italy

Inonly33minutes,visitorscantakeinthesplendorofFlorence'stop-tierdestinations.A

1.6mileroutecoverstheawe-inspiringPiazzaleMichelangelo;therenownedUffiziGallery;

andtheGalleriadell'Accademia,hometoMichelangelo^masterpiece,thestatueofDavid.

Athens,Greece

ThecapitalofGreeceranksinfourth,withaslightlylonger——butveryworthwhile——

routeof2.1milesbetweenitstop-ratedtouristattractions.VisitorstoAthenscanbegintheir

journeyattheAcropolis,ascendingtodiscovertheancientParthenonthatstandsasa

testamenttothecity'sancientlegacy.TheNationalArchaeologicalMuseumisalsoclose-by.

1.HowhasPreplyrankedthefourcities?

A.Bythenumberofthetouristattractions.B.Bytheexpensesoftravelinginthecities.

C.Bythepopularityamongtheyoungvisitors.D.Bythewalkingdistancebetween

attractions.

2.Whichcityisthebestforthevisitorstoexplorethebridgesoverthecanals?

A.Seville.B.Venice.C.Florence.D.Athens.

3.WherecanyoufindthestatueofDavid?

A.SevilleCathedral.B.StMark'sSquare.

C.TheGalleriadell5Accademia.D.TheAcropolis.

OnedayasIdrovetowardmyhome,Ipassedthelocalbusdepot.Ipulledupasagroup

ofpeoplecrossedtheroadinfrontofme.AsIwatched,Inoticedathin,shabbilydressed

olderladystrugglingwithalargesuitcase.

WitnessingthisladyandrememberingsimilarstrugglesIhadexperiencedinthepast

whentraveling,Ipulledupalongsideherandleanedovertocalloutthroughtheopen

passengerwindow,"Umgoingrightintothetown,^^Isaid."Icandropyouoff.Thatsuitcase

looksawfullyheavy.”"Well,allright,“sheanswered.Whenwegotthere,shethankedme,

“Well,Godblessyou,lady.Noonehaseverdonemeakindnesslikethatbefore.Ihope

someonewilldoagoodturnforyouoneday.^^

Shortlyaftertheencounterwiththesuitcaselady,Idecidedtospendadayinthe

mountainsalone.Isetoffwithmydoginmypickup,whichwaselderlybutstillserviceable.

Afterdrivingfornearlytwohours,Iheardasuddenloudnoiseandmytruckcametoafull

stop.Ifounditsaxlewasbrokenandneededtobetowed.Inaremotearea,withnohopeof

findinganotherperson,IknewIwasinbigtrouble.Overandover,Iblamedmyown

stupidityforbeinginadesertedareawithnopossiblechanceofhelp.Ihopedthatno

wanderingbearwouldcometoinvestigate.Orahungrymountainlion-withbabies.My

imaginationranriot.Istartedtopanic.

Thenfaintly,inthedistance,cametheroarofmotorbikes.Astheydrewnearer,Icould

seethattheywereagroupofmotorcycleriders."Doyouneedhelp,ma'am?"Ihearda

concernedvoicesay.Therestishistory.Mypickup,mydogandIwerealltransportedbackto

safety.Ishallneverforgetthekindnessofthemotorcycleriderswhostopped.Somepeople

maythinkitwasahappycoincidence,butpersonallyIliketosay,itwassomeonethatreally

didagoodturnforme,justasthesuitcaseladysaid.

4.Howdidtheauthorhelptheoldlady?

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A.Shegaveheralifttothetown.B.Shehelpedhercrosstheroad.

C.Shecarriedthesuitcaseforher.D.Shetookhertoanearbyhotel.

5.Whathappenedtoherpickuponthewaytothemountains?

A.Itranoutofgas.B.Itcrashedintoatree.

C.Itbrokedownhalfway.D.Itwasattackedbyanimals.

6.Whatwastheauthor'sreactiontotheincidentinparagraph3?

A.Sheblameditontheoldroad.B.Shelosthertemperwiththedog.

C.Shestayedcalmandaskedforhelp.D.Shefeltveryuneasyandfrightened.

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthestory?

A.DoasYouWouldBeDonebyB.AFriendinNeedIsaFriendIndeed

C.WhatGoesAround,ComesAroundD.GodHelpsThoseWhoHelpThemselves

Inrecentyears,multiplestudieshaveillustratedthewayspeople'sdogscanprovide

comfort,calmtheirfrazzlednerves,begoodlisteners,andprovideotherformsofvaluable

support,provingthatsometimeswordsaresimplynotnecessary.

Whenpeoplewereaskedtoperformmentalarithmetic（算術）orendurea“coldpressor^^

testinwhichtheirhandissubmergedinicewater,thosewhohadtheirdogspresenthad

smallerincreasesintheirbloodpressureandheartrate.Morerecently,astudyina2023issue

ofthejournalEmotionhadpeopleengageinastressfultask-involvingaddingnumbersthat

flashedonacomputerscreen-theninteractwiththeirpetdog,colorinacoloringbook,or

waitquietlyfor10minutes.Thosewhointeractedwiththeirdogsexperiencedagreaterboost

inmoodandagreaterreductioninanxietythanthosewhowaitedortriedtodestressby

coloring.

Researchhasalsofoundthattalkingtoyourdogaboutemotionallyfraughtissuescanbe

particularlybeneficial.Peoplearemorewillingtoconfide（吐露）intheirdogsaboutdifficult

emotions,suchasdepression,jealousy,anxiety,apathy,andfear,thantheyarewiththeir

romanticpartnersorfriends.Theprecisereasonsforthismaybethatpetsaregood,

nonjudgmentallistenersbecausetheydon'tinterruptorreply.Yourrelationshipwithyourdog

isasafespacebecauseyourdogwon5tjudgeyouordisagreewithyou.

Astudyina2022issueoftheInternationalJournalofPublicHealthfoundthatwhen

peopleinteractwiththeirdogswhileteleworking,itreplenishesthehumans'self^regulatory

resources-byengaginginmicro-breakstopettheirpup,thepeopleareabletorelaxand

refreshthemselves-inwaysthatinteractingwithunfurryfamilymembersdoesn't.

“Dogsarefantasticatreadingus-theycansensewhenwe5reupset-andtheyare

arguablybetteratreadingusthansomepeopleare,“saysKogan,aprofessorintheclinical

sciencesdepartmentatColoradoStateUniversity,"'becauseweintuitthatourdogsreadusso

well,weregulateourselvessoasnottoupsetourdogs,whichishelpfulforusaswell.Ifsa

positivefeedbackloop.^^

8.Whatdidthestudyinparagraph2find?

A.Interactingwithdogscancauseanxietyandstress.

B.Peoplewithdogcompanionshavelowerstresslevels.

C.Dogscanimprovetheirowners5academicperformance.

D.Dogs9ownerstendtoreducestressbycoloringorwaiting.

9.Whyarepeoplemorewillingtotalktotheirdogs?

A.Dogscanhelpthemfixtheproblems.B.Theygetasenseofsecurityfromdogs.

C.Theirpartnersorfriendsarenotreliable.D.Theyhaveacloserrelationshipwith

dogs.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordreplenishesinparagraph4mean?

A.Replaces.B.Researches.C.Refills.D.Removes.

11.WhatisKogan?sattitudetowardshavingdogcompanions?

A.Favorable.B.Unclear.C.Skeptical.D.Intolerant.

"So,Mr.Albert,you'vetoldusaboutyourstrengthsbutwhataboutyourweaknesses?^^

It'sacommoninterviewquestion.Towhichaclassichumblebrag（謙虛自夸）replyis,"Well.

ImustadmitthatI'mabitofaperfectionist.^^Afterall,whatcompanywouldn'twantto

employsomebodywhoseeksperfection?Butitturnsoutthatthereisaprofounddifference

betweenhigh-achieversandperfectionists.Inacruelirony,theperfectionisttraitscould

actuallypreventsomeonefromachievingtheirfullpotential.

Therootsofperfectionismactuallylieinadeepdesiretofeelperfect.Mostoftena

perfectionistpersonalityisformedinreactiontosomeformofchildhoodtrauma.For

example,followingherparents'divorce,ayounggirlmightstrivetoalwaysbegood,to

alwaysbeperfectbecauseatsomelevelshebelievesthatitmusthavebeenherfaultthather

parentsseparated.Soaslongassheisperfect,nothingsoterriblewouldhappenagain.

Givensuchorigins,itappearsthatthethinkingandemotionalstylesassociatedwith

試卷第4頁，共10頁

perfectionismareparticularlydangeroustomentalhealth.Thinkoftheharshestandmerciless

perfectionistsyouknow.Theyalways,always,alwaysfindfault.Theircognitive(認知)styles

includeall-or-nothingthinking,whereonlyperfectionisseenasanacceptableresult;fearof

failure,whereaperfectionistisdrivenbyfearratherthanpulledbytheprospectofsuccessin

theirendeavors;defensivenessinthefaceofconstructivecriticism.Alloftheseseemtobe

linkedtoawiderangeofpsychologicalproblemsincludingeatingdisorders,anxietyand

depression,andevensuicide.

Changingthismindsetisthekeytotreatingtheconditionwhenitbecomesadisorderbut

itisdifficulttoachieve.Perfectionistsareessentiallyinanabusiverelationshipwith

themselves.Ifshardenoughtowithdrawfromabusiverelationshipswithothers.Howmuch

harderisitwhenyouyourselfaretheabuser?Soperhapsabetteranswertotheinterview

questionposedatthestartofthisarticlewouldbe,“IusedtobeaperfectionistbutnowI'm

wellontheroadtorecovery.9,

12.Whydoestheauthormentiontheinterviewquestioninparagraph1?

A.Toprovideanexample.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Tosupporttheargument.D.Toattractthereaders5interest.

13.Whowillmostprobablybecomeaperfectionist?

A.Ahigh-achiever.B.Apersonwhoalwaysfindsfault.

C.Anoverconfidentman.D.Asonofaviolentalcoholicfather.

14.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Perfectionismoftenhasthreedifferenttypes.

B.Perfectionismhasabadeffectonphysicalhealth.

C.Perfectionismiscausedbyhighpersonalstandard.

D.Perfectionismisariskfactorforpsychologicaldisorders.

15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofperfectionism?

A.It'shardforpeopletogetridofit.B.Itdrivespeopletoachievesuccess.

C.Ifsmoreofastrengththanaweakness.D.Itinevitablyleadstomentalproblems.

Onethingthafsneverinshortsupplyatthebeginningofeachnewyear?16But

manyofusfailtostickwithourNewYear'sresolutionsmonths(orevenweeks)aftermaking

them.Itturnsouttherearecommonlyavoidedmistakes.Thatexplainswhysomepeople

alwaysseemtoreachtheirgoalswhileotherskeepfallingshort.

17Ifyoufailtopicktherighthabit,youaren'tlikelytoaccomplishthe

correspondinggoal.Sayyouwanttolosesomeweightthisyear,formingahabitofrunning

30minutesadaymaynothelpyoudothatifyoudon'talsoformhabitsrelatedtothefoods

youeat,becausedietaffectsweightmorethanexercise.18Failuretoestablishhabits

thatsupportyourgoalsmaycauseyourresolutionstoflopbeforeyoubegin.

Anothercommonmistakepeoplemakewhensettinggoalsisbecomingoverly

concernedabouttheamountoftimeitwilltaketoformanewhabit.There?snooneright

answerwhenitcomestohowlongnewhabitsshouldtaketoform.19Somepeople

simplyadoptnewhabitsfasterthanotherpeopleandthatcomplexhabitsusuallytakelonger

toform.Considerhoweasyitistobrushyourteethatnightcomparedtoreadingafull

chapterofabookeachday.

Sotheyearlyritualofresolutionsettingdoesn'thavetobeanannualdisappointment.

Sometimes,thedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureissimplychoosingtherighthabitsand

theprocessyouusetogoaboutachievingit.Mostimportantly,remembertobekindand

flexiblewithyourselfandtocelebrateanyandallprogressalongtheway.20

A.Goodintentions.

B.Congratulationsandbestwishes.

C.Inotherwords,youmustalsoreadjustyourdiet.

D.Ifsessentialtochooseahabityouthinkenjoyable.

E.Acommonerrormanypeoplemakeisnotchoosingrighthabits.

F.Itdependsonwhathabityou'retryingtodevelopandwhoyouare.

G.It'snotjusttheendgoalthatmatters——it'sthejourneyalongtheway.

二、完形填空

Amerefourmonthsago,ablackcatnamedBountyhadnoideajusthowadventurous

hislifewasabouttobecome.Althoughthecatwas21destinedforacatshelter,Doina

adoptedhimjustintime.Tosome,Doinabeinganavid（酷愛的）travelerseemedlikea

potentialissue,butit22,thesetwoweremadeforeachother.

23fortheirjourneytobegin,Doinagatheredalloftheequipment,treats,and

other24thatthetwoofthemwouldneed.Though,whenitcametocarriersforBounty,

Doinahadtogetabit25.“Imadeaspecialpouch（小袋）forhim,becausecatcarriers

試卷第6頁，共10頁

arenotadaptedtocertain26Jshesaid.

Oneoftheirfirstadventuresincludeda27tourofItaly,thefirsttestthathelped

themdiscoverhow28hewastoanadventurouslifestyle.44Atthestart,Bountywasa

littleanxiousandnervous,butafterthefirstfewdays,hestartedto29himselg“Doina

said."WhileIpedalled,he30inthepouch.^^

Sincethatfirstcyclingtour,BountyandDoinahave31severalmore

adventuresintheirshorttimetogether,includingmountaineeringandcamping.Infact,this

adorable32hasalreadymanagedtobecomearecordbreaker!Heisconsideredtobe

thefirsthousecattosummitLaGrignetta,a7,100-footmountainintheItalianAlps.Bestof

all,hedidso“withoutevenameowof33

ThetwoofthemhavecycledtheentirelengthoftheItalianpeninsula!Ifyou'dliketo

34thisadorableduo,youcanvisittheirwebsitewhereDoina35theirtravels

withlotsofupdates,photos,andvideosfortheir800followerstoenjoy.

21.A.originallyB.temporarilyC.eventuallyD.actually

22.A.gaveoutB.brokeoutC.turnedoutD.foundout

23.A.ShockedB.FrightenedC.EmbarrassedD.Excited

24.A.necessitiesB.productsC.presentsD.fruits

25.A.generousB.creativeC.efficientD.ambitious

26.A.hotelsB.journeysC.problemsD.vehicles

27.A.skiingB.hikingC.flyingD.cycling

28.A.accustomedB.opposedC.blindD.sensitive

29.A.cureB.enjoyC.protectD.feed

30.A.criedB.ranC.sangD.slept

31.A.offeredB.expectedC.finishedD.discovered

32.A.bicycleB.catC.tourD.carrier

33.A.protestB.agreementC.challengeD.trust

34.A.havefunwithB.putupwithC.keepupwithD.getalongwith

35.A.helpsB.plansC.ordersD.documents

語法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

Videosof77-year-oldXuXiuzhen,whospeaksdifferentlanguageswithforeigners

whileworkingatascenicspotsellingwater,postcardsandheaddressflowers,havebrought

herinstantfame.

Xu'svillage36(locate)atthebaseofMoonHill,apopulartouristdestination

famedforamoon-shapedholeatthesummit.Shehasbeenworkingasatourguideand

vendor(小販)inYangshuo,37countyandresorttowninsouthernChina'sGuangxi

ZhuangAutonomousRegionsince1998,38theareabecamefamousforforeign

backpackersandorganizedtours.

Xu,whodroppedoutofjuniorschoolinthethirdgrade,begantolearndifferent

languagestoattractmoreforeigncustomers.Xusaidshewouldconvertwordsinany

languageintoChinesecharacters39(base)ontheirpronunciationandthenmemorize

them.Repeatingthewordsinherheadbeforegoingtobedand40(immediate)after

wakinguphasgivenherfluencyinbasicconversationswithforeigners.

Overthepasttwodecades,Xu41(teach)herself11foreignlanguages,including

English,Spanish,JapaneseandKorean.Inadditionto42(make)herincredibly

popular,herexcellentlinguisticabilityhasmadeiteasierforhertocommunicatewithforeign

tourists.Xuhasalsobecomeoneofthebusiesttour43(guide)inYangshuo.Her

reputationdrawsalargecrowdoftouristseveryday,especiallyforeignvisitors,whocometo

meetthemultilingualguideoutof44(admire).

“MoreandmoreforeigntouristsarecomingtoYangshuo,andIhopetheywillfeel

45homeherewithmyhelp,^^shesaid.

四、書信寫作

46.你校英文報社正在以_BeautifiesOurLife為題征稿，請你寫一篇短文，內容包括：

1.簡單介紹；

2.說明理由。

注意：

1.將標題補充完整，寫作詞數應為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

BeautifiesOurLife

試卷第8頁，共10頁

五、書面表達

47.閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。

Brandon,afatheroftwoandanordinaryworkerinacompany,wasmakinghisway

homeonatypicalThursdayevening.Thesunhadjustdippedbelowthehorizon,castinga

warmglowoverthesky.Brandon'sheartwasfilledwithjoyandexcitementashewaseager

tosharethenewsofhisrecentpromotionwithhisbelovedwifeandchildren.Littledidhe

knowthatthisparticularThursdaywouldbeanythingbutordinary.Allofasudden,therewas

afaintominous（不祥的）feelingaroundhim,buthepushedasideanythoughtsofpotential

danger,focusinginsteadongettinghome.However,justashearrivedthere,athunderous

noiseshatteredthepeacefulsilenceoftheevening.Helookedupjustintimetoseeatrain

runningintoatruck,sendingdebrisflyinginalldirections.

Itwasanaccidentthathehadneverwitnessedbefore.Brandonwasfrozeninshock.It

wasamessysceneaspeopleranfromthedangeroussite,hiddenbehindflamesandthick

smoke.Inaninstant,everythingaroundhimseemedtobeinchaos.Peoplewerescreaming

andcracksfilledtheairwiththeexplosiveforce."Getawayfromthattrain!Don'tgonearit!”

warnedthetrainconductor,ashecalled911forhelp.Brandonwasabouttorunawaywhen

heheardacryforhelp.Brandon'sinstinctskickedin.Withoutasecondthought,heraced

towardsthevoice,pushingthroughthepanickedcrowd.Hisheartpoundedinthechestashe

approachedthecrashsite.Ashecamecloser,thecriesforhelpbecameclearer.Theywere

comingfromtheburningtruckstuckonthetraintracks.Heranuptothewindowandsawthe

youngdrivertrappedinhisseatbeltandhelddownbythesteeringwheelasthefireclosedin

aroundhim.

注意：

1.續寫詞數應為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Brandon'smindwasracingwhenhesawthesituation.

ThetrainconductorcametoBrandonandhuggedhimtightly.

試卷第10頁，共10頁

參考答案:

1.D2.B3.C

【導語】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了四個歐洲最容易步行探索的城市。

1.細節理解題。根據第——段"Theyanalyzedthewalkingdistancebetweentopattractionsandnow

revealwhichcitiesinEuropearetheeasiesttoexploreonfoot.（他們分析了頂級景點之間的步行

距離，現在公布了歐洲最容易步行探索的城市）”可知，Preply根據景點之間的步行距離對這

四個城市進行排名。故選D。

2.細節理解題。根據第三段"Thereareendlessattractivealleywaystoexplore,aswellasplenty

ofstunninglyornate（華麗的）bridgesoverthecrisscrossingcanalsthatthecityisfamedfor.（這里

有無數迷人的小巷可供探索，還有許多令人驚嘆的華麗橋梁，橫跨這座城市聞名的縱橫交錯

的運河）”可知，威尼斯最適合游客探索運河上的橋梁。故選B。

3.細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“theGalleriadeirAccademia,hometoMichelangelo's

masterpiece,thestatueofDavid.（學院美術館，米開朗基羅的杰作大衛雕像的所在地）“可知，

在學院美術館找到大衛雕像。故選C。

4.A5.C6.D7.C

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者某天讓一個拿著行李的老太太搭了便車，結

果自己的車在半路壞了，也遇到了好心人幫助，作者認為這是善有善報。

4.細節理解題。根據第二段"WitnessingthisladyandrememberingsimilarstrugglesIhad

experiencedinthepastwhentraveling,Ipulledupalongsideherandleanedovertocallout

throughtheopenpassengerwindow,i6Vmgoingrightintothetown,^^Isaid."Icandropyouoff.

Thatsuitcaselooksawfullyheavy.9,“Well,allright,“sheanswered.Whenwegotthere,she

thankedme,“Well,Godblessyou,lady.Noonehaseverdonemeakindnesslikethatbefore.I

hopesomeonewilldoagoodturnforyouoneday."（看至U這位女士，想起我過去在旅行中經歷

過的類似的掙扎，我把車停在她旁邊，俯身從打開的副駕駛車窗向外喊道:“我要直接進城

了。”“我可以讓你下車。那只手提箱看起來很重「嗯，好吧，”她回答。當我們到達那里時，

她感謝我，“哦，上帝保佑你，女士。以前從來沒有人對我這么好。我希望有一天有人能為

你做一件好事。可知，作者幫助老太太搭便車去鎮上。故選A。

5.細節理解題。根據第三段"Afterdrivingfornearlytwohours,Iheardasuddenloudnoiseand

答案第1頁，共12頁

mytruckcametoafullstop.Ifounditsaxlewasbrokenandneededtobetowed.（開了將近兩個

小時后，我突然聽到一聲巨響，我的卡車停了下來。我發現它的車軸壞了，需要拖走）”可知，

作者的車在去山里的路上中途壞了。故選C。

6.細節理解題。根據第三段“Overandover,Iblamedmyownstupidityforbeinginadeserted

areawithnopossiblechanceofhelp.Ihopedthatnowanderingbearwouldcometoinvestigate.

Orahungrymountainlion—withbabies.Myimaginationranriot.Istartedtopanic.（一遍又一

遍，我責怪自己的愚蠢，在一個荒蕪的地區，沒有任何可能的幫助。我希望沒有游蕩的熊會

來調查。或者一只饑餓的美洲獅一帶著孩子。我的想象力失控了。我開始恐慌起來）”可知，

作者對第3段中的事件的反應是感到非常不安和害怕。故選D?

7.主旨大意題。根據最后一段"Somepeoplemaythinkitwasahappycoincidence,but

personallyIliketosay,itwassomeonethatreallydidagoodturnforme,justasthesuitcaselady

said.（有些人可能會認為這是一個快樂的巧合，但我個人想說，這是一個真正為我做了好事

的人，就像那個提箱子的女士說的那樣）”結合文章主要講述了作者某天讓一個拿著行李的老

太太搭了便車，結果自己的車在半路壞了，也遇到了好心人幫助，作者認為這是善有善報。

可知，C選項“善有善報”最符合文章標題。故選C。

8.B9.B10.C11.A

【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了近年來，多項研究表明，人們的狗可以提供安慰，安

撫他們疲憊的神經，成為好的傾聽者，并提供其他形式的有價值的支持，證明有時語言根本

是不必要的。

8.細節理解題。根據第二段“Thosewhointeractedwiththeirdogsexperiencedagreaterboostin

moodandagreaterreductioninanxietythanthosewhowaitedortriedtodestressbycoloring.（與

那些等待或試圖通過涂顏色來減壓的人相比，那些與狗狗互動的人情緒得到了更大的改善，

焦慮程度得到了更大的緩解）”可知，研究發現了有狗陪伴的人壓力水平較低。故選B。

9.細節理解題。根據第三段“Theprecisereasonsfbrthismaybethatpetsaregood,

nonjudgmentallistenersbecausetheydon'tinterruptorreply.Yourrelationshipwithyourdogisa

safespacebecauseyourdogwon'tjudgeyouordisagreewithyou.（確切的原因可能是，寵物是

很好的、不加評判的傾聽者，因為它們不會打斷或回答。你和你的狗的關系是一個安全的空

間，因為你的狗不會評判你或反對你）”可知，人們更愿意和他們的狗說話因為他們從狗身上

得到安全感。故選B。

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10.詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞后文“byengaginginmicro-breakstopettheirpup,thepeopleare

abletorelaxandrefreshthemselves-inwaysthatinteractingwithunfurryfamilymembers

doesn't”可知，通過在微休息時間撫摸他們的狗狗，人們能夠放松和恢復精神——這是與不

帶寵物的家庭成員互動所無法做到的，即說明了狗可以讓人重新裝滿自我調節資源。故劃線

詞意思是“重新裝滿故選C。

11.推理判斷題。根據最后一段“"Dogsarefantasticatreadingus—theycansensewhenwe're

upset-andtheyarearguablybetteratreadingusthansomepeopleare,“saysKogan,aprofessor

intheclinicalsciencesdepartmentatColoradoStateUniversity,"'becauseweintuitthatourdogs

readussowell,weregulateourselvessoasnottoupsetourdogs,whichishelpfulforusaswell.

Ifsapositivefeedbackloop.”（科根是科羅拉多州立大學臨床科學系的教授，他說：“狗狗很擅

長讀懂我們，它們能感覺到我們的不安，而且可以說它們比一些人更擅長讀懂我們，因為我

們直覺地認為我們的狗狗讀得很好，所以我們調節自己，不讓狗狗感到不安，這對我們也有

幫助。這是一個積極的反饋循環。可推知，科根對狗狗陪伴的態度是支持的。故選A。

12.B13.D14.D15.A

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了完美主義的特質實際上可能會阻礙一個人充分發

揮自己的潛力，解釋了完美主義發生的原因以及對心理造成的危險。

12.推理判斷題。木艮據第——段'"'So,Mr.Albert,you'vetoldusaboutyourstrengthsbutwhatabout

yourweaknesses?^^Ifsacommoninterviewquestion.Towhichaclassichumblebrag（謙虛自夸）

replyis,"Well.ImustadmitthatFmabitofaperfectionist.^^Afterall,whatcompanywouldn't

wanttoemploysomebodywhoseeksperfection?Butitturnsoutthatthereisaprofound

differencebetweenhigh-achieversandperfectionists.Inacruelirony,theperfectionisttraitscould

actuallypreventsomeonefromachievingtheirfullpotential.，，那么,艾伯特先生，你已經告訴了

我們你的優點，那么你的缺點呢？''這是一個常見的面試問題。一個典型的謙虛自夸的回答

是，“嗯。我必須承認我是一個完美主義者。”畢竟，哪家公司不想雇用追求完美的人呢？但

事實證明，高成就者和完美主義者之間存在著深刻的差異。具有殘酷諷刺意味的是，完美主

義的特質實際上可能會阻礙一個人充分發揮自己的潛力）”可知，作者在第一段提到了面試問

題是為了引入話題。故選B。

13.細節理解題。根據第二段“Mostoftenaperfectionistpersonalityisformedinreactiontosome

formofchildhoodtrauma.Forexample,followingherparents5divorce,ayounggirlmightstrive

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toalwaysbegood,toalwaysbeperfectbecauseatsomelevelshebelievesthatitmusthavebeen

herfaultthatherparentsseparated.Soaslongassheisperfect,nothingsoterriblewouldhappen

again.（大多數情況下，完美主義人格的形成是對某種形式的童年創傷的反應。例如，在父母

離婚后，一個年輕女孩可能會努力做個好人，做個完美的人，因為在某種程度上，她相信父

母離婚一定是她的錯。所以只要她是完美的，那么可怕的事情就不會再發生了）”可知，暴力

酗酒父親的兒子最有可能成為完美主義者。故選D。

14.主旨大意題。根據第三段“Givensuchorigins,itappearsthatthethinkingandemotional

stylesassociatedwithperfectionismareparticularlydangeroustomentalhealth.Thinkofthe

harshestandmercilessperfectionistsyouknow.Theyalways,always,alwaysfindfault.Their

cognitive（認知）stylesincludeall-or-nothingthinking,whereonlyperfectionisseenasan

acceptableresult;fearoffailure,whereaperfectionistisdrivenbyfearratherthanpulledbyth