第四周熱考話題集訓(xùn)——個(gè)人情況閱讀理解AInthesummerof1885,nine-year-oldJosephMeisterwasveryill.Hehadbeenwoundedbyasickdogthathadrabies,averydangerousdisease.HisparentsweretoldthattherewasprobablyonlyonemanwhocouldsaveJoseph'slife—LouisPasteur.WhenPasteurwasayoungboyinFrance,hespentmanyhourseverydaywiththechemistwholivedinhissmalltown.Atthattime,thechemisthadtomakeallthemedicineshimself.YoungLouisenjoyedwatchingthechemistasheworkedandhelpedthosepeoplewhocametohimeachday.Asaschoolboy,Pasteurworkedslowlyandcarefully.Atfirst,histeachersthoughtthatyoungLouismightbeaslowlearner.Throughelementaryschool,highschool,andcollege,Pasteurworkedinthesamethoughtfulway.Thenhebecameacollegeprofessorandascientist,andhecontinuedtoworkverycarefully.PasteurwasstudyingaboutthegermsthatcauserabieswhenJosephMeisterbecameill.Infact,Pasteurbelievedhehadamedicaltreatmentforrabies,buthehadnevergivenittoapersonbefore.Atfirst,PasteurwasafraidtotreatJoseph,butthepoorchildwasdying.PasteurgaveJosephaninoculation(預(yù)防接種)everydayfortendays.Slowly,thechildbecamebetter.Duringhislifetime,Pasteurstudiedgermsandlearnedhowtheycausediseasesinanimalsandpeople.Hedevelopedvaccinations(疫苗)thatpreventmanyofthesediseases.OnSeptember28,1895,LouisPasteurpassedaway,attheageof72.Theworkofthisgreatmanhasbeenofgreathelptomodernmedicine.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了法國微生物學(xué)家、化學(xué)家——路易·巴斯德。1．ThestoryofJosephMeisterisgivento________.A．expresstheauthor'ssadnessB．introducethesubjectofthetextC．showsomemondiseasesin1885D．warnchildrentostayawayfromdogs解析：選B寫作意圖題。總覽全文可知，作者旨在通過JosephMeister的故事來引出本文的主人公路易·巴斯德，故選B項(xiàng)。2．Accordingtothetext,youngLouis________.A．wasoncebadlyhurtbyadogB．wasveryinterestedinmedicineC．madealivingbyworkingforachemistD．hadbeenthoughthighlyofbyhisteachers解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“thechemisthadtomakeallthemedicineshimself.YoungLouisenjoyedwatchingthechemistasheworked”可知，路易·巴斯德在小的時(shí)候就對(duì)藥物很感興趣，故選B項(xiàng)。3．WecanlearnfromParagraph3thatLouisPasteur________.A．wasalwayspatientB．wascleverbutproudC．wasaslowlearnerD．wasahumorousprofessor解析：選A推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Asaschoolboy,Pasteurworkedslowlyandcarefully.”和“Throughelementaryschool...continuedtoworkverycarefully.”可知，路易·巴斯德總是非常認(rèn)真而且有耐心，故選A項(xiàng)。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．GermsanddiseasesB．Rabies:aterriblediseaseC．TheearliestchemistinFranceD．LouisPasteur:agreatscientist解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。總覽全文可知，作者主要向我們介紹了法國微生物學(xué)家、化學(xué)家——路易·巴斯德，故選D項(xiàng)。BIn1981,theartistVitekKrutaescapedtoGermany.Hewasnineteenyearsoldatthetime.Vitek'shomewasinPrague.Helovedhiscountry,buthecouldnotstaytherebecausethegovernmentwantedtoputhimintoprison.“Thegovernmentwantedtotalcontrolofallartandmusic，”heexplains.“Wehadtohaveartshowsinsecret.Mykindofpaintingwasagainstthelaw.Therockmusicthatmybandplayedwasagainstthelaw.Therewasnofutureformethere.”InGermany,Vitekfirsthadtolearnthelanguage.Hespenteightmonthstakinglessonsatalanguageschool.ItwaseasyforhimtounderstandandreadGerman,buthecouldnotspeakit.Thenonenight,hehadadream.Inhisdream,hestartedtalkingwithothers—inGerman!Thefollowingday,hediscoveredthathecouldspeakmuchbetter.Next,Vitekgotbacktohisstudiesinart.Helearnedtorestore(修復(fù))oldbuildingssuchaschurchesandcastles.Hespenttenyearsdoingthiskindofwork,andthenhefacedanother_big_changeinhislife:HegotajobofferintheUnitedStates.VitekknewhardlyanyEnglish,buthedidnotletthatstophim.Afterall,hehadagreatdealofexperiencelearningnewlanguages.Sohedecidedtomakethemove.Today,Vitekisapainter,anarchitect(建筑師),andmuchmore.Heisamanwithalotofenergy.Heworksinhisstudio,heteachesartclasses,andhemanagesanartschool.Healsolikestobringtogetherpeoplewithdifferenttalentsandabilitiestodobigartprojectsinpublicplacessothatanyonecanseeandenjoythem.Hesaystheseprojects“bringartbacktothepeople”．語篇解讀：本文是一篇人物簡介，主要介紹藝術(shù)家VitekKruta的人生經(jīng)歷。5．VitekKrutawenttoGermanyin1981to________.A．haveartshowsthereB．furtherhisstudiesinartC．a(chǎn)voidbeingputintoprisonD．experiencedifferentcultures解析：選C根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“escaped”一詞以及“buthecouldnotstaytherebecausethegovernmentwantedtoputhimintoprison”可知，VitekKruta在1981年逃往德國主要是為了躲避牢獄之災(zāi)。6．Theunderlinedpart“anotherbigchange”refersto________.A．changinghisjobB．movingtotheUSC．escapingfromGermanyD．learninganewlanguage解析：選B根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)時(shí)美國有一份適合VitekKruta的工作，雖然VitekKruta不會(huì)講英語，但是這并不能阻礙他，他毅然決定到美國去，由此可知此處所謂的另一個(gè)大的改變是指他移居美國。7．ThelastparagraphismainlytoshowVitekKruta's_____________________________.A．loveforart B．lifestyleC．a(chǎn)rtworks D．hobbiesandinterests解析：選A最后一段講了很多VitekKruta從事的與藝術(shù)相關(guān)的活動(dòng)，由此可推斷此段旨在說明VitekKruta對(duì)藝術(shù)的熱愛。8．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutVitekKrutaisNOTtrue?A．Hewasbornin1962.B．Heisamanofmanygifts.C．HenowlivesintheUS.D．Heisgoodatlearninglanguages.解析：選C根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可推斷出VitekKruta出生于1962年；第二段中講到VitekKruta短時(shí)間內(nèi)就學(xué)會(huì)了德語，再根據(jù)第三段中的“Afterall,hehadagreatdealofexperiencelearningnewlanguages.”可知，VitekKruta擅長學(xué)習(xí)語言；根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知VitekKruta玩音樂、會(huì)繪畫，再根據(jù)最后一段中所講的“Vitekisapainter,anarchitect(建筑師),andmuchmore”可知他多才多藝。文章中并未提及他目前的定居地。C(2018·福建省普通高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢查)Afterfoursilentyears,the27-year-oldBritishsingerAdeleAdkinshasfinallyintroducedherselftotheworldagainwithHello,theopeningsongfromherthirdalbum25RF,whichwilleoutonNov.20.AlthoughAdeleisaverysuccessfulsingernow,music_wasn't_always_what_she_saw_herself_doing.Atage10,whenshesawhergrandmother'spainoverthedeathofAdele'sgrandfather,shepicturedherselfasaheartsurgeon.“Iwantedtofixpeople'shearts，”shetoldtheUKmusicwebsitei-D,rememberingthechildhoodinterestshe'dhadinbiologyclassesuntilshefoundoutthatherrealtalentwasforsinging.Adeledidn'tgotomedicalschool,butmanywouldagreethatshestillhashealing(治愈)powers.“Hersongsfindthekindofmemoryeverylistenerholdssomewhereintheirheart.ThiskindoffeelingiswhatpeoplehavealwayslikedinAdele，”saidTheTelegraph.“Shewritesapopdiary,sharingthesimplesecretsofherheart.”Mostsuccessfulpopstarsmakealbumsatafastpace,butnotAdele.Afterhersecondalbum21wonthe2012GrammyAwardforAlbumoftheYear,shemadeitclearwithherlabelthatshewouldspend“fourorfiveyears”makinghernextalbum.ShetoldVoguemagazine,“Iwon'teoutwithnewmusicuntilit'sbetterthan21.”Insteadofseekingfame,Adeleremainedsilentandmovedtothecountryside.Inherfreetime,shelovedtowatchTVseriesTeenMom,AmericanHorrorStory,andTheWalkingDead.Livinglifeasnormallyaspossibleisimportanttothesinger'sart.“Nobodywantstolistentoarecordfromsomeonewho'snotlivingintherealworld，”Adeletoldi-D.“SoIlivealow-keylifeformyfans.”語篇解讀：本文主要講述了英國著名流行歌手阿黛爾·阿德金斯在音樂上成功的秘訣。9．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．ThepopularityofAdele'salbum25.B．ThehealingpowersofAdele'smusic.C．ThesecretsofAdele'ssuccessinmusic.D．ThereasonforAdele'sbeingasinger.解析：選C主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后三段可推知，本文主要講述了阿黛爾在音樂上成功的秘訣，故選C。10．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2probablymean?A．Adelewasn'tinterestedinmusic.B．Adelewasn'tgoodatmusicatfirst.C．Musicwasn'tveryimportantinAdele'slife.D．Musicwasn'tallAdelewantedtobedevotedto.解析：選D句意理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Atage10,whenshesawherg