專題06閱讀理解記敘文一、2022年高考真題（2022年全國甲卷）AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鵝)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(職業)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Trychallengingthings. B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories. D.Sticktoapromise.29.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A.Lovelypenguins. B.Beautifulscenery.C.Adiscountfare. D.Afriend’sinvitation.30.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A.Itcouldbeahomeforher. B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C.Itshouldbewellpreserved. D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achildhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.體裁：記敘文 主題：人與自我--生活-旅行【字數】300+98【語篇導讀】文章主要介紹了71歲的GinniBalinton從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛，渴望探險，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008年開始了前往南極洲的旅程。28.【答案】A【解析】詞句猜測題。根據第二段劃線詞前文“Throughouthercareer(職業)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.(在她的職業舞蹈演員生涯中，她曾在英國巡演，但一直渴望進一步探索)”和“Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest(當她不再跳舞，她的兒子們最終獨立生活)”可知，Ginni在退休和兒子們成家立業之后，她決定嘗試有挑戰性的事情。由此推知，劃線詞組taketheplunge與trychallengingthings“嘗試有挑戰性的事情”意思接近。故選A。29.【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.(正是在智利，她發現自己可以在最后一刻買到從火地島附近島嶼前往南極洲的廉價船票)”可知，是折扣的票價讓Ginni決定去南極洲旅行的。故選C。30.【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據最后一段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.(Ginni意識到這是一片珍貴的土地，值得人類的尊重和保護，這是她最深刻的領悟之一。)”可知，旅行結束后，Ginni認為南極洲應該得到很好的保護。故選C。31.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了GinniBalinton去南極旅行的經歷，再根據第一段“Thesegentlelovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.(這些溫柔可愛的接待員們迎接了Ginni并開啟了她終身難忘的一次旅行。)”和倒數第二段GinniBalinton對南極之旅的評價可知，文章主要介紹了GinniBalinton去南極洲之旅讓她非常難忘。由此可知，Anunforgettableexperience.(一次難忘的經歷)能夠概括文章主旨。故選B。2.(2022年全國高考新高考I卷)Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善組織)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.”“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey’vegonetobed.”“It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I’menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.”Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes. B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch. D.Topromotetheelderlypeople’swelfare.29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills. B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory. D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?A.Improve. B.Oppose. C.Begin. D.Evaluate.31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itiswellreceived. B.Itneedstobemorecreative.C.Itishighlyprofitable. D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要講述了旨在減少孤獨，改善老年人的健康狀況的項目。【答案】D【解析】題干中的theproject指第一段中提及的“倫敦養老院讓老人們養母雞來減輕孤獨感”這一項目。文章第二段“Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善組織)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing(該項目由當地一家慈善機構構想，旨在減少孤獨，改善老年人的健康狀況)”可知，這個由當地慈善組織發起的項目旨在幫助老人們減少孤獨感并改善他們的健康狀況，提高老人們的福祉。故選D。【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。RuthXavicr是一位參加了該項目的老人，本題考查該項目對這位老人的影響。第三段中RuthXavier說她以前養過母雞并回憶了她如何養雞，因此A、C項表述錯誤。根據第四段中的Iliketheprojectalot和第五段中的I’menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful可知，RuthXavier喜歡這個項目，也享受這些富有創意的活動，因為做有用的事情她感覺很好，很有成就感。因此B項正確。D項“她養成了堅強的個性”在文中沒有提及。【答案】C【解析】詞義猜測題。根據文章倒數第二段“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.(居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們帶來好處和樂趣)”以及劃線處前的“oneofthefirst(第一批人之一)”可知WendyWilson是著手這項工程的人之一，劃線處的含義與C項：“Begin(開始)”含義相近。故選C。24.【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據文章倒數第二段“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.(居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們帶來好處和樂趣)”以及最后一段“LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”(“諾丁山路徑”的負責人林恩·劉易斯說:我們很高興能參與這個項目。它將通過共同的興趣和創造性活動真正幫助我們與我們的居民建立良好關系)”可知，該項目的反響很好。故選A。3.(2022年全國高考新高考I卷)Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon’tthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat,”Curtinsays.24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste. B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.CWewastemorevegetablesthanmeat. D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?A.Moraldecline. B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage. D.Worldwidestarvation.26.WhatdoesCurtin’scompanydo?A.Itproduceskitchenequipment. B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits. D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?A.Buyonlywhatisneeded. B.Reducefoodconsumption.C.Goshoppingonceaweek. D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.【語篇導讀】作者通過自己無意間浪費芝麻菜的經歷就“食物浪費”展開的議論。24.【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.(像我們大多數人一樣，我努力關注那些被浪費的食物)”及“Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;couldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.(但隨著時間的推移，芝麻菜變壞了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地買了太多東西；我扔掉的東西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通過講述芝麻菜的故事來表明我們有時會無意間浪費食物。故選B。25.【答案】B【解析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andother,resourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”(生產沒人吃的食物會浪費用于種植食物的水、燃料和其他資源。這使得食物浪費成為一個環境問題。事實上，羅伊特寫道，“如果食物浪費是一個國家，它將是世界上第三大溫室氣體排放國。”)”可知，根據文中的說法，浪費食物的一個后果是對環境的危害。故選B。26.【答案】D【解析】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)produce,thatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.(科廷是華盛頓DC中央廚房的首席執行官，該公司把食物復原，變成健康的食物。去年，該組織通過接受捐贈和收集有瑕疵的農產品，收回了超過807500磅的食物，否則這些農產品就會在地里腐爛。草莓呢？志愿者們將清洗、切割、冷凍或干燥它們，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人們不想要的食物重新制作食物。故選D。27.【答案】A【解析】細節理解題。根據最后一段中的““Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat,”Curtinsays.(“每個人都可以在減少浪費方面發揮作用，無論是在每周的購物中不購買不必要的食物，還是要求餐館不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷說)”可知，科廷建議人們只買需要的東西來避免浪費食物。故選A。4.(2022年全國高考新高考II卷)Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A.Providedshelterforme. B.Becameverycleartome.C.Tookthepressureoffme. D.Workedquitewellonme.5.Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A.Hetookitforatabletcomputer. B.Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.C.Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa. D.Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A.Sociallyambitious. B.Physicallyattractive.C.Financiallyindependent. D.Digitallycompetent.7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A.Helacksexperienceinhisjob. B.Heseldomappearsontelevision.C.Hemanagesavideodepartment. D.Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經是一名記者，在春節期間，作者給孫子拿了一本兒童讀物，孫子卻以為是平板電腦，不停地戳書。4.【答案】【解析】詞句猜測題。根據第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.”以及畫線詞后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是記者，生活在一個講故事的新時代，有許多新的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒有意識到它是新的。對他們來說，這很正常。而這在春節假期，作者和兩歲的孫子坐在沙發上，尤其清楚認識到了這一點。故畫線詞意思是“我很清楚”。故選B。5.【答案】A【解析】細節理解題。根據第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事實上，他對書本并不熟悉。他的父親經常用一臺裝有彩色圖片的平板電腦逗他開心，當你戳它們的時候，這些圖片就會變得栩栩如生。他認為我的故事書就是那樣的)”可知，那孩子戳故事書是因為他把它當成了平板電腦。故選A。6.【答案】D【解析】細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了，但從數字角度來說，我還沒有毫無希望的挑戰。我編輯視頻，制作音頻。我用移動支付。我甚至建立了網站)”可知，作者認為自己懂數碼技術。故選D。7.【答案】B【解析】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而，在我的新媒體體驗中有一個明顯的差距：我很少在鏡頭前呆著，因為我的臉是為電臺而生的)”可知，作者作為記者他很少上電視。故選B。二、2022屆模擬題Passage1（2022·湖南·周南中學模擬預測）Itwasthefestiveseason.Momhadbakedsomedeliciouscookies.JamtartswerealwaysmyfavoriteandIhadenjoyedmyselftoexcess.Moreover,therefrigeratorwaswell-stockedwithchocolatesandice-creamsoIhelpedmyselftoallthegoodies.ThatnightIwokeupwithanunbearabletoothache.Noamountofaspirincouldstopthepain.Whenmorningarrived,Ihadtodotheunavoidable-makeanappointmentwiththedentist.Mydentalappointmentwasat2pmthatafternoon,whichwasjustanotherfourhoursaway.Thethoughtwasenoughtokillmyinterestineverythingelse.Ihadbutterfliesinmystomach.Iarrivedatthedentalclinicanhourbeforetheappointment.Afterregistering,Iwalkedunenthusiasticallytowardsachair.Ididnotevenbothertolookattheotherpatients.Pickingupafewmagazines,Itriedtoreadtogetridofmyfearandpain,butIcouldnotconcentrate.AllIwasawareofwasaterriblepain.Thesightofpatientscomingoutfromthetreatmentroom,withlargepiecesofgauzestickingoutfromtheirmouths,onlyseemedtoworsenmypain.OneofmyNewYearresolutionswasmadewhileIwasshiftingrestlesslyinmyseat.Ivowednevertotasteanotherjamtartortakeachunkybiteofchocolateinthefuture.Whenmynamewasfinallycalled,Istaggeredintothetreatmentroom.Iheardthedentistgreetingme,butIcouldnotbringmyselftorespondtohisgreeting.Thesightofthedrillingequipmentandthehypodermicsyringes(皮下注射器)onlyincreasedmyfeelingsofsickness.Whenthedentistaskedmetotakemyseatandthenopenmymouth,Ifeltmyheartpoundingveryfast.IwassurethatIwasgoingtogetaheartattack.Thedentistinformedmethatitwasbesttoextractthetooth.Inoddedandopenedmymouthandtriedtothinkofotherthings.Thenextminuteorsowasoneofthemostterrifyingmomentsofmylife.Igrabbedthedentist’shandsmorethanonce.Atfirst,hewasquitetakenabackandeyedmesuspiciously.ThenhewarnedmethathewouldhavemyhandstiedifIweretorepeatmyantics.Ididnotthinkthathewasjoking!Soonthepaingavewaytoasoothingsensation.Whenthedentisttoldmethatthepainwasallover,Icouldhardlybelievemyears.Afterpayingfortheextraction,Iwalkedoutoftheclinicconfidentlyandheadedforthenearestbusstop.IsworethatthiswouldbethefirstandthelasttimeIsteppedintoadentalclinic.1．Whatmightbethereasonformynotfeelingwellthatnight?A．Toomuchfunduringtheday. B．Anupsetstomach.C．Unrestrainedeatingofgoodies. D．Overuseofaspirin.2．WhatdidIdotodistractmefromthetoothachebeforeImetthedentist?A．Makinganappointmentwiththedentist. B．Tryingtoreadsomemagazines.C．Observingotherpatients. D．MakingmyNewYearwishes.3．Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinewordinthesixthparagraph?A．rudebehavior B．naturalbehaviorC．dangerousbehavior D．interestingbehavior4．Whatlessonmighttheauthorhavelearnedfromthisexperience?A．Afterastormcomesacalm. B．Dietcuresmorethandoctors.C．Fearisoftengreaterthanthedanger. D．Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者因為一次放縱自己吃甜食，導致牙疼得去牙科診所拔牙的故事。作者決心吸取教訓，吃一塹，長一智。【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“JamtartswerealwaysmyfavoriteandIhadenjoyedmyselftoexcess.Moreover,therefrigeratorwaswell-stockedwithchocolatesandice-creamsoIhelpedmyselftoallthegoodies.ThatnightIwokeupwithanunbearabletoothache.(果醬餡餅一直是我的最愛，我吃得太過癮了。而且，冰箱里擺滿了巧克力和冰淇淋，所以我隨便吃了些好東西。那天晚上，我醒來時牙疼得難以忍受。)”可知，那天晚上作者感覺不舒服的原因是毫無節制地吃美食。故選C項。【答案】B【解析】細節理解題。根據第三段中“Pickingupafewmagazines,Itriedtoreadtogetridofmyfearandpain,butIcouldnotconcentrate.(我拿起幾本雜志，試圖通過閱讀來擺脫恐懼和痛苦，但我無法集中精神。)”可知，在見牙醫之前，作者試著看一些雜志來轉移對牙痛的注意力。故選B項。【答案】C【解析】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“Igrabbedthedentist’shandsmorethanonce.Atfirst,hewasquitetakenabackandeyedmesuspiciously.(我不止一次抓住牙醫的手。起初，他很吃驚，懷疑地看著我。)”說明在牙醫要給作者拔牙時，作者抓住醫生的手，這個動作影響作者手術，是危險的，結合劃線詞句“ThenhewarnedmethathewouldhavemyhandstiedifIweretorepeatmyantics.(然后他警告我說，如果我再重復我的antics，他會把我的手綁起來。)”可以推知，劃線詞匯antics應為“危險舉止”的意思。故選C項。【答案】D【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據前文內容及最后一段中“IsworethatthiswouldbethefirstandthelasttimeIsteppedintoadentalclinic.(我發誓這將是我第一次也是最后一次走進牙科診所。)”可知，作者因為一次放縱自己吃甜食，導致牙疼并得去牙科診所拔牙，作者決心吸取教訓，不再犯同類錯誤。從而推知，作者得到的教訓是“吃一塹，長一智”。故選D項。Passage2（2022·天津·二模）MyhusbandismoreakidatheartthanIam,sohesaysweneedtofindsouvenirsforthegrandkidswhileonatriptoSavannah.Icanbeakidatheart,too,butIalsocanbeamathematician—andevencheap,uglysouvenirsaddupquicklywhenyouhave11grandkids.Childrenareofonemindonthesubject—theylikesouvenirsandtheywantthem.Sowearediggingthroughpilesof(成堆的)cheapkeyfobs(鑰匙鏈),plasticsunhats,chocolatetreatsthatwillmeltintheheat,andridiculousT-shirts,findingnothing.Wegowithtwohatsfortheboysbutarestillempty-handedfortheninegirls.ThenIspotsmallbracelets(手鏈)inarainbowofcolors.“Whataboutthese?”Iaskthehusband.Heturnsoneoveracoupleoftimesandsays,“Nice.”Thebraceletsaremadeofsmallbeads(珠子)shapedlikestarfishandturtles.Theyalllooklikerockcandy,whichcanbeeatenandwasapopularsouvenirwhenwewerekids.Webuynineandmakeamentalnote:tellthegirlsnottoeatthem.Astheclerkringsupthebracelets,IrememberasouvenirIhadasagirl.Wehadgonetotheeastcoastandcouldchooseonethinginashoptorememberourtripby.MysisterandIchosewhatweliked.Minewasablueplasticsoapboxwiththelid(蓋子)coveredinsilverglitter(小閃光物)andtoppedwithapinkflamingo(火烈鳥).Itwascheapandtacky(俗氣的)andIbelieveditwastheloveliestthingagirlcouldown.Itwastoobeautifultoputsoapinside,soitsatinadresserdraweryearafteryear,slowlyaging,yellowing,theglitterflingoff.Butitisstillareminderofafamilytriplongago.Thegirlsaremarriedandhavefamiliesoftheirown,andthosesouvenirsarestillinthedresserdrawersintheiroldbedrooms.Ihavebeenwonovertotheideathatevencheapandtackysouvenirsmayhaveworthandvalue.Tinytrinkets(小飾品)sayIwasthinkingofyoueventhoughwewereapart.That’salwaysagoodinvestment(投資).5．Whatdidtheauthorthinkabouthishusband,whenhewantedtobuysouvenirs?A．Hewantedtorememberthetrip. B．Hemissedtheirgrandkids.C．Hewantedtosharethejoy. D．Hewasalittlechildish.6．Whydidtheauthorsayshewasamathematician?A．Becauseshefounditexpensivetobuy11souvenirs.B．Becauseshewasgoodatchoosingsouvenirsforkids.C．Becausesheeverstudiedmathematicsinuniversity.D．Becausetheirfamilywasnotrichenoughtobuysouvenirs.7．Whatsouvenirsdidtheybuyforthegrandkids?A．Somecheapandordinarysouvenirs. B．Somesmallbraceletsmadeofbeads.C．Somerockcandywhichcanbeeate D．Ablueplasticsoapboxwithabeautifullid.8．Whatdidthesouvenirsforthegirlsremindtheauthorof?A．Atripsheeverhadwithherfamily.B．Ablueplasticsoapboxboughtbyhermother.C．Acheapbuttheloveliestsouvenirsheeverhad.D．Atripwhenshemetherhusbandandfellinlove.9．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthesouvenir?A．Evencheapandsmallsouvenirscanberemindersofourfamilytrip.B．Childrenareallcrazyaboutbuyingandcollectingsouvenirs.C．Collectingsouvenirsmaybringinabigsumofmoney.D．Buyingsouvenirscanhelpyoubeakidforever.【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和丈夫給孫子孫女挑選紀念品時的感悟——廉價和俗氣的紀念品也有價值。5．細節理解題。根據第一段“MyhusbandismoreakidatheartthanIam,sohesaysweneedtofindsouvenirsforthegrandkidswhileonatriptoSavannah.(我丈夫的內心比我更像個孩子，所以他說我們需要在去薩凡納旅行的時候給孫子孫女們買紀念品)”可知，當丈夫說要給孫子孫女們紀念品時，作者覺得他有點孩子氣。故選D。6．【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據第二段的“butIalsocanbeamathematician—andevencheap,uglysouvenirsaddupquicklywhenyouhave11grandkids.(當你有11個孫子時，即使是廉價的、丑陋的紀念品（錢）也會積少成多)”推知，作者認為自己更像一個數學家是因為即使買11個廉價的紀念品加起來也很貴了。故選A。7．【答案】A【解析】細節理解題。根據第四段的“Wegowithtwohatsfortheboys(我們給男孩買了兩頂帽子)”和第七段“Thebraceletsaremadeofsmallbeads(珠子)shapedlikestarfishandturtles.Theyalllooklikerockcandy,whichcanbeeatenandwasapopularsouvenirwhenwewerekids.Webuynineandmakeamentalnote:tellthegirlsnottoeatthem.(手鐲由海星和海龜形狀的小珠子制成。它們看起來都像冰糖，（看起來）可以吃，是我們小時候很受歡迎的紀念品。我們買了9個，在心里記著：告訴女孩們不要吃它們)”可知，他們給孫子孫女買了帽子和手鐲作為紀念品，這些都是便宜且普通的東西。故選A。8．【答案】C【解析】細節理解題。根據倒數第三段的“Astheclerkringsupthebracelets,IrememberasouvenirIhadasagirl.Wehadgonetotheeastcoastandcouldchooseonethinginashoptorememberourtripby.MysisterandIchosewhatweliked.Minewasablueplasticsoapboxwiththelid(蓋子)coveredinsilverglitter(小閃光物)andtoppedwithapinkflamingo(火烈鳥).Itwascheapandtacky(俗氣的)andIbelieveditwastheloveliestthingagirlcouldown.(當店員按鈴把手鐲扣上時，我想起了兒時的一件紀念品。我們去了東海岸，可以在商店里選擇一樣東西來紀念我們的旅行。我姐姐和我選擇了我們喜歡的。我的是一個藍色的塑料肥皂盒，蓋子覆蓋著銀色的閃光，上面有一只粉紅色的火烈鳥。它又便宜又俗氣，我相信這是一個女孩能擁有的最可愛的東西)”可知，女孩兒們的紀念品讓作者想起了自己小時候一個便宜但最可愛的紀念品。故選C。9．【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段的“Butitisstillareminderofafamilytriplongago.(但它仍然讓人想起很久以前的一次家庭旅行)”和最后一段“Ihavebeenwonovertotheideathatevencheapandtackysouvenirsmayhaveworthandvalue.Tinytrinkets(小飾品)sayIwasthinkingofyoueventhoughwewereapart.That’salwaysagoodinvestment(投資).(我已經被說服了，即使是廉價和俗氣的紀念品也可能有價值。一些小飾品表明，雖然我們分開了，我仍在想你。這總是一項不錯的投資)”推知，作者認為即使便宜、小的紀念品也會讓人想起和家人的旅行。故選A。Passage3（2022·上海·復旦附中模擬預測）In2004,PenHadowbecamethefirstpersontotrek(跋涉)totheNorthPolealone,withoutbeingresuppliedontheway.Thatmeantswimmingthroughunimaginablycoldwaters,andriskingencounterswithpolarbears.Justeightmonthslater,hemadeasimilartriptotheSouthPole.NowheisbackintheArcticagain,preparingforanexpedition(遠征)hesaysisevenmoreambitious.Explorersareconfident,drivenindividuals.Theyhavetobe.Thistime,however,moresignificanceisattached.Penandtwocolleagueswillsetoutonathree-month,1000-kilometretrektotheNorthPole,takingdetailedmeasurementsofthethicknessanddensityoftheice.Nobodyhaseverdonethisbefore,andheknowstheresultswillbeofvitalsignificancetothescientificcommunity.Thiswillbethetruestpictureyetofwhatglobalwarmingisdoingtotheicethatcoversthepolarregion.Penandhiswife,Mary,liveinthecountrywiththeirtwochildren.“It’smuchhardertobeawayfromthemthistime,”headmits.TheywereoneandfivewhenIlastwent,andImadeamistakeinthewayIsaidgoodbye.Ithoughtitwouldbeagoodideatosaytomyson,“You’rethemanofthehousenow,lookafteryourmumandyoursister.”Heabsolutelytookittoheart,askinghismumhowshewasallthetime,butthestresseventuallybecametoomuch.Whileitwaswellintentioned,itwasanunfairthingtodo.Heisspendingtheselastdaysbeforedeparturepreparinghisthings.“Outontheice,oneisvirtuallyunabletomendthingsordoanythingthatisn’tabsolutelystraightforward,”hesays.WithhimwillbeAnnDaniels,oneoftheworld’sleadingpolarexplorers,andthephotographer,MartinHartley.Theywillbesupportedbyacrewofsix,flyinginsupplies.Beingpartofateamisactuallymorestressfultosomeonewithhismentality,saysPen,andsomethingelseisonhismi