【贏在高考?黃金8卷】備戰2023年高考英語模擬卷（江蘇卷）05

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。

如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題

卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）

第一節（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選

出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。

每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Howwillthespeakersgoforapicnic?

A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Byb汰e.

【答案】A

［原文］W:Whydon'twegoforapicnicthisweekend?

M:Goodidea!Iwouldseetothecarandyoupreparethefood.

2.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Listeningtothenews.B.EnjoyingaTVseries.C.Watchingagame.

【答案】C

［原文］M:It'stimeforthenews.CanwechangethechanneltoCCTV1?

W:Waitaminute.Thematchjustgotexciting.Score!Yeah!

3.Whenwillthewomanvisittheman'snewhouse?

A.Nextweekend.B.Itdepends.C.Rightnow.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Tdliketoinviteyoutomynewhousenextweekend.

W:Thankyou,butI'mnotsurewhenI'llhavetimeatthemoment.

4.Whichdoordoesthewomanwanttomakewider?

A.Theonetotheoutside.B.Theonetothediningroom.C.Theonetothefamily

room.

【答案】C

［原文］M:Asyoucanseefromthedrawings,thekitchenhasonedoorintothediningroom,

anotherintothefamilyroom,andathirdtotheoutside.

W:Thedoorintothefamilyroomisn'tbigenough.Coulditbemadewider?

5.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthenewdress?

A.Itscolorisnotherfavorite.

B.Itgoeswellwithherhandbag.

C.It'sabitwidearoundthewaist.

【答案】B

［原文］M:Youlookgreatinthisnewdress.Doesitfitallright?

W:Uh,ifsabittightaroundmywaist.Iwishitcouldbeabitwider.ButIlikethecolor.It

matchesmyhandbag.

第二節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C

三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5

秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whenwillthemanprobablyvisittheshop?

A.Thisafternoon.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.

7.Whatisthewoman'sproblem?

A.Shecan'tusethecopymachine.

B.Shelostatelephonenumber.

C.Shehasabusyschedule.

【答案】6.A7.A

【原文】W:Goodafternoon.ThankyouforcallingWilsonLawFinn.ThisisMonica.

M:Hi,Monica,thisisCarlfromWholesaleOfficeSupplies.Iamreturningyourcallabout

thebrokencopymachineinyourshop.Icancomebyandfixittomorrowafternoonifthat's

okay.

W:Actually,IhavequiteafewdocumentsthatIneedtocopyassoonaspossible.Isthere

anychanceyoucouldcomethisafternoon?

M:Hmm...Icouldprobablyfityouinsometimelatethisafternoon.I'llcallyouabout30

minutesbeforeIgetthere.

W:Okay,thankyou.Seeyouthen.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Wheredoesthemanlive?

A.Besideasupermarket.B.Nearacakeshop.C.Acrossfromaschool.

9.Howdoesthewomangettowork?

A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.

10.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?

A.Movehouse.B.Goshopping.C.Collecttheman.

【答案】8.B9.C10.C

［原文］W:Don'tyoulivebythenewsupermarket?

M:Iusedto,butIdidn'treallylikethearea,solastyearwedecidedtomovebackto

Manhattan.Nowwecangoanywhereonfoot,eventhekids'schoolisonlyaten-minutewalk.

Weliveinthatnewbuildingnexttotheoldcakeshop.

W:Oh,thafsgreat.It\anamazingbuilding.Idrivepastiteverydaytogetheretotheoffice.

M:Ihavetosaywe'requitelucky.Actually,Iknowit'squitenearbutsinceyoudrivepast

mybuildingeveryday,maybeyoucouldgivemealiftwhentheweather9sbad,soIdon't

havetotakethecrowdedbus.

W:Yes.Andthey'resayingit'sgoingtorainalldaytomorrow.WhattimeshallIpickyouup?

Is7:45tooearlyforyou?

M:Notatall.7:45isjustfine.Seeyoutomorrow,then.

W:Seeyou.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Aneventtheyareattending.

B.Thingstheyboughtyesterday.

C.Themovietheywillwatchtonight.

12.HowwillthewomangettoLaura'shouse?

A.Shewilltakeataxi.

B.Shewillgotherebybus.

C.Shewillaskhermomtodriveherthere.

13.Whatwillthespeakersdoafterdinner?

A.Gotothemall.B.Gotoanappointment.C.WatchaDVD.

【答案】II.A12.B13.C

［原文］M:Howareyouplanningtogettothebirthdayparty?ShouldIpickyouupinataxi

onmywaythere?

W:Thatwon'tbenecessary.I'matthemallwithmymomrightnow,soI'mprettyclose.

Thereisabusstationrightacrossthestreet.

M:Can'tyoujustaskyourmomtodriveyouthere?

W:Shehasahairappointment,andshewon'tbefinishedintime.

M:That'stoobad.So,areyoubuyingLauraagiftrightnow?

W:Igaveittoheryesterdayonheractualbirthday.Tmjusthereapplyingforajob.

M:Goodforyou.Anyway,doyouknowwhattheplanisfortonight?

W:Yeah.YouandIwillgotherefirstandhelphersetup.Wheneveryoneelseshowsup,

we'lleat,andthenwe'llwatchaDVD.

M:Soundslikeaplan!

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whereisthewomannow?

A.Athome.B.Attheairport.C.Intheoffice.

15.Whattimedoestheplaneleave?

A.At5:00p.m.B.At6:00p.m.C.At8:00p.m.

16.WhyisthemanflyingtoParis?

A.Tovisithisgrandpa.B.Todosomebusiness.C.Tocelebrateabirthday.

17.Whatisthewomanmainlyworriedabout?

A.Howshewillaskforleave.

B.Whowilltakecareoftheirson.

C.WhenshewillmeettheSwifts.

【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.B

【原文】M:Hello,dear.TinflyingtoParisthisevening,butI'mstilltalkingwiththeboss.

Wouldyoupleasepackmythingsupandtakethemtotheairportforme?I'llmeetyouthere.

W:Whatdoyoumean?TheSwiftsarecomingtoourhouseforavisitthisweekend,andyou

arenotgoingtobeathome?Andwehaveplanstogotothetheaterthisevening!

M:TelltheSwiftswehavesomethingimportanttodothisweekend,sowehavetochangeall

theplans!Don'tfbrgettopackmythingsandgettotheairportby6:00.Theplanetakesoffat

8:00thisevening.Itwilltakeonehourtogettotheairportontime.

W:Whyme?Ihavetowaitathomeforourson.Hewillbegettingbackfromschoolsoon.

M:Oh,dear!IguessI'dbetterjusttellyou...nextMondayisyourbirthday,andthisismy

birthdaypresenttoyou.We'regoingtoParis!Pleasejustpackallthethingsweneedforthe

trip,OK?

W:Wow,whatasurprise!Butwhataboutourson?

M:Youdon'tneedtoworryabouthim.I'vearrangedeverything.Hisgrandpawillpickhim

upandtakecareofhim.Iaskedyourbossfortwodays9leaveforyou.We'llbebacknext

Tuesday.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.WhatwillJaneHowardtalkaboutatthemeeting?

A.Marketing.B.Goods.C.Advertising.

19.WhywillSarabeabsentfromthemeeting?

A.Becauseofaworkmate.B.Becauseofanillness.C.Becauseofaflightdelay.

20.Wherewillthevideoaboutdeliverybeshownonthe27th?

A.IntheGreenRoom.B.IntheRedRoom.C.IntheOrangeRoom.

【答案】18.A19.B20.C

【原文】MynameisNormanFlagstaffpresidentofAustraliaBusinessAssociation.Tdlike

towelcomeyouall,someofwhomcomeasfarasBrisbaneandMelbournetothiswonderful

meetinginourcapital—Canberra.AndIhopeyoumakemostofyourstayhere.Now,Iam

afraidwehavetomakeafewchangestotheprogram.It'simportanttonotethattheafternoon

sessionwillbeginat2:3（）pmonMonday.ThefirsttalkonMarketingbyJaneHowardwillbe

heldintheGreenRoomonthesecondfloor.OnTuesday,thetalkon“Goods“willnotbe

givenbySaraMooreduetoanunforeseenillness,butbyherworkmateBarbara,intheRed

Roomonthesecondfloor.WesendourbestwishandhopeSaraMooreisbackonherfeetin

notime.Thetalkon“Advertising”byPeterSmithhasbeencancelledduetoaflightdelay.

OnWednesdaywe'HbestartingoffthedaywithavideoaboutdeliverypresentedbytheKeys

Company.That'sthe27th,intheOrangeRoom.OnethingbeforeIfinish.Ifthereareany

problemswithtimesandlocationsofthedays'activities,pleaserememberthatthereisa

noticeboardonthefirstfloor.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）

第一節（共15小題:每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Welcometothe2022HalLeonardVocal（聲樂的）Competition

2022willbethetwelfthyearoftheannualHalLeonardVocalCompetition,an

innovativeonlinecompetitionforsingers.ThisistheonlyvocalcompetitionforallofNorth

Americaaimedatyoungsingers,aged23andunder,andoneofthefirstcompetitionsfor

musicstudentsheldentirelyonlineonYouTube.

Unlikealmosteveryothermusiccompetition,thereisnoentryfee,makingitaccessible

toanyqualifiedsinger,whorecordsavideoofsingingasong,andthenpostsitonthe

Internetbythedeadline.Thissavesthecommonlyencounteredexpensesoftravelingto

specificdestinations,asisthecaseinconventionalmusiccompetitions.

Itincludesfouragecategories:

?Children:12andunder

?EarlyTeens:13?15

?HighSchool:16-18

?CollegeUndergraduates/YoungAdults:19?23

Acertainamountofmoneyisawardedtofirstplacewinnersineachcategory,and

valuablegiftcertificatesareawardedtothosesingersplacedsecondandthird.Gift

certificatesarealsopossibleforthosenamedHonorableMention.

Notice:

?VideoentriesmustbesubmittedbeforeFebruary2,2022.

?Thevideomustclearlyshowyourface.Astationarycamerapositionthroughout,

showingyourfaceandmostofyourbody,isperfectlyacceptable,evenpreferable.

,Singersarerequiredtosingtheirselectionsfrommemory.Ifasinger'sperformanceis

notmemorized,theentrywillbedisqualified.

?Youmaysingwithalivepianistinyourvideoentry,oryoumaysingwithofficialHal

Leonardrecordedaccompaniments.Wewillnotacceptunaccompaniedentries.Youcannot

accompanyyourself.

?Youarerequiredtointroduceyourselfandyourselectionsinthevideo,eitherverbally

beforeyourselectionorwithatitlecardbeforethesongs.

21.Howisthecompetitiondifferentfromothermusiccompetitions?

A.Itisheldannually.B.Itchargesnoentryfee.

C.Itisaimedatteens.D.Itofferstravelchances.

22.Whatwillgotothefirstplacewinners?

A.Cashprizes.B.Traveltickets.

C.Giftcertificates.D.Expensivecameras.

23.Whataretheparticipantsrequiredtodointheirvideoentries?

A.Hidetheirfacesallthetime.B.Accompanythemselvesalone.

C.Singsongsfromtheirmemory.D.Avoidintroducingthemselves.

【答案】21.B22.A23.C

【解析】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了一個音樂比賽的相關信息。

21.細節理解題。根據第二段“Unlikealmosteveryothermusiccompetition,thereisno

entryfee,makingitaccessibletoanyqualifiedsinger,whorecordsavideoofsingingasong,

andthenpostsitontheInternetbythedeadline.與幾乎所有其他音樂比賽不同的是，該比

賽不收取報名費，任何合格的歌手都可以參加，他們只需錄制一段唱歌的視頻，然后在

截止日期前將其發布到互聯網上）“可知，這個比賽與其他音樂比賽的不同之處是不收取

參賽費。故選B。

22.細節理解題。根據第四段"Acertainamountofmoneyisawardedtofirstplacewinners

ineachcategory,andvaluablegiftcertificatesareawardedtothosesingersplacedsecondand

third.（每個類別的第一名將獲得一定金額的獎金，第二名和第三名將獲得有價值的禮券廣

可知，一等獎的獲得者可以獲得現金獎勵。故選A。

23.細節理解題。根據Notice部分“?Singersarerequiredtosingtheirselectionsfrom

memory.Ifasinger'sperformanceisnotmemorized,theentrywillbedisqualified.（?歌手被

要求憑記憶演唱他們的選段。如果歌手的表演沒有被記住，將被取消參賽資格）”可知，

參賽者在參賽視頻中必須要脫稿唱歌。故選C。

B

NormaNewcombehasbeenanursefornearly60years.Shestartedhercareerata

hospitalforbabiesinAugust1958,butshehasnoplanstoretire.

ShehasworkedwithWrightington,WiganandLeighTeachingHospitalsNHS

FoundationTrustfor40years.Shehasbeenafull-timeschoolnursesince1973.Apartfrom

takinganeight-yearbreakfromhercareertohavehertwochildrenin1965,thededicated

nursehasspentnearly60yearsworkinginherrole.

ModestNormadescribesherselfasaschoolnursewhojustdoesherjob.Shesaid,"I'm

proudtobewhereIamandI'mverypassionateaboutthelocalareaandeverythingrelatedto

theschoolnursing.WehavebrilliantteamleadersandIworkwithabrilliantteamofschool

nursesandhealthvisitors.TmjusthappywithwhatIamandwhereIam.^^

DuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,Normahadtoworkfromhomeduetohavinga

weakenedimmunesystem（免疫系統）.Normasaidthatshelikedpeopleratherthan

machines.Shethoughtshecouldstillwritequickerthanshecouldtype.Obviously,things

havetoprogress,butthereisnotthesamepersonalcontact.Despitehittingthemilestone,

Normahasnoplanstoslowdown.

Norma'scolleaguessurprisedherwithapartyatherworkplace,whereshewasgifted

flowersandjewellery.RabinaTindale,chiefnurseinthehospital,said,“Weareextremely

proudtohaveNormaaspartofourteamandaccesstohersignificantexperienceandwisdom.

Sheholdsaveryspecialplaceintheheartsofthechildrenandfamiliesthatshehashelped

overtheyears.Wehopeshehasanamazingdaytocelebrateherbirthdaywithher

colleagues.”

24.HowlonghasNormabeenafull-timeschoolnursetill2022?

A.65years.B.60years.C.49years.D.41years.

25.WhatdoesNorma'swordsshow?

A.Herwishforthefuture.B.Herlovefornursingwork.

C.Thesupportfromthelocalarea.D.Thereasonwhysheworksasanurse.

26.WhydidNormahavetoworkathomeduringtheCOVID-19pandemic?

A.Herimmunesystemwasweak.B.Shewastoooldtotraveltowork.

C.Thenursingschoolwascloseddown,D.Itwasdifficultforhertoliveinthe

school.

27.WhichwordcanbestdescribeNorma?

A.Creative.B.Respectable.C.Stubborn.D.Funny.

【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。一位年邁的英國護士仍然堅持工作并且拒絕退休。

24.細節理解題。根據第二段中的“ShehasworkedwithWrightington,WiganandLeigh

TeachingHospitalsNHSFoundationTrustfor40years.Shehasbeenafull-timeschoolnurse

since1973.（她與賴特廷頓、維根和利教學醫院NHS基金會信托基金工作了40年。自1973

年以來，她一直是一名全職的學校護士。）”可知，Norma從1973年起擔任學校的專職

護士，所以Norma做了49年學校的專職護士。故選C項。

25.推理判斷題。根據第三段中Norma的話"I'mproudtobewhereIamandI'mvery

passionateaboutthelocalareaandeverythingrelatedtotheschoolnursing.（我很自豪能做至U

這一點，我對當地和與學校護理相關的一切都充滿熱情。廣以及“I'mjusthappywithwhat

IamandwhereIam.（我只是對我現在的樣子和我現在的位置感到滿意。廣可知，她熱愛

她的工作。故選B項。

26.細節理解題。根據第四段第一句"DuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,Normahadtowork

fromhomeduetohavingaweakenedimmunesystem（免疫系統）.（在COVID-19大流行期

間，由于諾瑪的免疫系統薄弱，諾瑪不得不在家工作。廠可知，因為她的免疫力差，所

以疫情期間她不得不在家工作。故選A項。

27.推理判斷題。根據最后一段RabinaTindale的話“Weareextremelyproudtohave

Normaaspartofourteamandaccesstohersignificantexperienceandwisdom.Sheholdsa

veryspecialplaceintheheartsofthechildrenandfamiliesthatshehashelpedoverthe

years.（我們非常自豪諾瑪能成為我們團隊的一員，并獲得她的重要經驗和智慧。她在多

年來幫助的孩子和家庭心中占據著非常特殊的地位。廠可知，她認為Norma是值得尊敬

的。故選B項。

C

Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeoplearoundtheworld,causing

moreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewatercyclebyinfluencing

when,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweathereventsovertime.

Increasingglobaltemperaturescauseswatertoriseintotheairinlargeramounts,whichwill

leadtohigherlevelsofatmosphericwatervaporandmorefrequent,heavy,andintenserains

inthecomingyears.

Climatescientistspredictthatthisshiftwillleadtomorefloodssincemorewaterwill

fallthanvegetationandsoilcanabsorb.Theremainingwater,orrunoff,flowsintonearby

waterways,pickingupcontaminantslikefertilizers（月巴料）ontheway.Toomuchrunoff

eventuallytravelstolargerbodiesofwaterlikelakes,andtheocean,damagingthewater

supplyandlimitingwateraccessforhumansandecosystems.

Whenfertilizersfromfarmingwashintolakesandtheocean,theypromotetherapid

growthofalgae（藻類）.Theseresultingalgalbloomsfillcoastsandwaterwayswithcloudsof

green,blue-green,red,orbrownalgae.Theyblocksunlightfromreachingunderwaterlifeand

reduceoxygenlevelswithinthewater.Poisonsfromthealgaecankillofffishandother

aquaticanimals,makepeoplesick,andevenkillhumans.Thesepoisonsareespecially

dangerousbecausetheycansurviverainfallprocesses,makingtapwaterunfittoconsume

oncecontaminated.Algalbloomsalsoimpactindustriesthatrelyonthewaterforbusiness,

andoftencauselocalwaterfrontstoshutdownduringblooms.

Therearemanythingsthateveryonecandotolessentheimpactofclimatechange.

Somemeasuresincludegrowingyourownfruitsandvegetablesorbuyinglocallygrown

produce,sinceproduceisoftentransportedtogrocerystoresfromfarawaybytrucks,which

addmorecarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Youcouldalsowalkorrideabikeinsteadof

drivingacar.

28.Whatisaconsequenceofclimatechangeaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.Extremeweather.B.Watersupply.

C.Watercycle.D.Pollutedatmosphere.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminants"inparagraph2mean?

A.Nutrients.B.Soils.C.Pollutants.D.Organisms.

30.Whatdoestheauthortellustodointhelastparagraph?

A.Mastersomewaystodofarmingwork.

B.Buymoreforeignfruitsandvegetables.

C.Havearegularexerciselikewalking.

D.Formsomehabitsofreducingcarbondioxide.

31.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.CausesofClimateChange.B.HarmClimateChangeDoestoHumans.

C.ImpactsofClimateChangeonWaterAccess.D.WaystoLessentheImpactsofClimate

Change.

【答案】28.A29.C3().D31.C

【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述氣候變化己經影響到全世界人民的用水，造成

了更嚴重的干旱和洪水。而我們每個人都可以做很多事情來減輕氣候變化的影響。

28.細節理解題。由文章第一段“Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeople

aroundtheworld,causingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthe

watercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevere

weathereventsovertime.(氣候變化已經影響到全世界人民的用水，造成了更嚴重的干旱

和洪水。氣候變化通過影響降雨的時間、地點和數量來影響水循環。隨著時間的推移，

這也會導致更嚴重的天氣事件。廣可知，氣候變化會引起極端天氣。故選A項。

29.詞句猜測題。由文章第二段“Theremainingwater,orrunoff,flowsintonearby

waterways,pickingupcontaminantslikefertilizersontheway.loomuchrunoffeventually

travelstolargerbodiesofwaterlikelakes,andtheocean,damagingthewatersupplyand

limitingwateraccessforhumansandecosystems.(剩余的水或徑流會流入附近的水道，在

途中收集肥料等的O過多的徑流最終會流向更大的水體，如湖泊和海洋，從

而破壞供水，限制人類和生態系統的用水。）”可知，最終這些徑流會破壞人類和生態系

統的用水，所以猜測contaminants應表示“污染物”。故選C項。

30.細節理解題。由文章最后一段"Therearemanythingsthateveryonecandotolessenthe

impactofclimatechange.Somemeasuresincludegrowingyourownfruitsandvegetablesor

buyinglocallygrownproduce,sinceproduceisoftentransportedtogrocerystoresfromfar

awaybytrucks,whichaddmorecarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Youcouldalsowalkor

rideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.（每個人都可以做很多事情來減輕氣候變化的影響。一

些措施包括種植自己的水果和蔬菜，或購買當地種植的農產品，因為農產品通常由卡車

從很遠的地方運到雜貨店，這會增加大氣中的二氧化碳。你也可以步行或騎自行車代替

開車。廠可知，我們可以做很多事來來減輕氣候變化的影響。其中包括做一些可減少二

氧化碳的事情。故選D項。

31.主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeople

aroundtheworld,causingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthe

watercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevere

weathereventsovertime.Increasingglobaltemperaturescauseswatertoriseintotheairin

largeramounts,whichwillleadtohigherlevelsofatmosphericwatervaporandmore

frequent,heavy,andintenserainsinthecomingyears.（氣候變化已經影響到全世界人民的

用水，造成/更嚴重的干旱和洪水。氣候變化通過影響降雨的時間、地點和數量來影響

水循環。隨著時間的推移，這也會導致更嚴重的天氣事件。全球氣溫升高會導致更多的

水上升到空氣中，這將導致未來幾年更高水平的大氣水蒸氣和更頻繁的暴雨。廣以及后

文可知，文章主要講述氣候變化已經影響到全世界人民的用水。所以C項Impactsof

ClimateChangeonWaterAccess.（氣候變化對用水的影響）符合文意。故選C項。

D

Publicdistrustofscientistsstemsinpartfromtheblurringofboundariesbetween

scienceandtechnology,betweendiscoveryandmanufacture.Mostgovernments,perhapsall

governments,justifypublicexpenditureonscientificresearchintermsoftheeconomic

benefitsthescientificenterprisehasbroughtinthepastandwillbringinthefuture.

Politiciansremindtheirvotersofthesplendidmachines“ourscientists^^haveinvented,the

newdrugstorelieveolddisorders,andthenewsurgicalequipmentandtechniquesbywhich

previouslyunmanageableconditionsmaynowbetreatedandlivessaved.Atthesametime,

thepoliticiansdemandofscientiststhattheytailortheirresearchto"economicsneeds”,and

thattheyawardahigherprioritytoresearchproposalsthatare“nearthemarket”andcanbe

translatedintothegreatestreturnoninvestmentintheshortestlime.Dependent,astheyare,

onpoliticiansformuchoftheirfunding,scientistshavelittlechoicebuttocomply.Likethe

restofus,theyaremembersofasocietythatratesthecreationofwealthasthegreatest

possiblegood.Manyhavereservations,butkeepthemtothemselvesinwhattheyperceiveas

aclimatehostiletothepursuitofunderstandingforitsownsakeandtheideaofaninquiring,

creativespirit.

Insuchcircumstancesnooneshouldbetoohardonpeoplewhoaresuspiciousof

conflictsofinterest.Whenwelearnthatthedistinguishedprofessorassuringusofthesafety

ofaparticularproductholdsaconsultancywiththecompanymakingit,wecannotbeblamed

forwonderingwhetherhisfeemightconceivablycloudhisprofessionaljudgment.Evenifthe

professorholdsnoconsultancywithanyfirm,somepeoplemaystilldistrusthimbecauseof

hisassociationwiththosewhodo,oratleastwonderaboutthesourceofsomeofhisresearch

funding.

Thisattitudecanhavedamagingeffects.Itquestionstheintegrityofindividualsworking

inaprofessionthatprizesintellectualhonestyasthesupremevirtue,andplaysintothehands

ofthosewhowouldliketodiscreditscientistsbyrepresentingthemascorruptible.This

makesiteasiertodismissallscientificpronouncements,butespeciallythosemadebythe

scientistswhopresentthemselvesas“experts”.Thescientistmostlikelytounderstandthe

safetyofanuclearreactor,forexample,isanuclearengineer,andanuclearengineerismost

likelytobeemployedbythenuclearindustry.Ifanuclearengineerdeclaresthatareactoris

unsafe,webelievehim,becauseclearlyitisnottohisadvantagetolieaboutit.Ifhetellsusit

issafe,ontheotherhand,wedistrusthim,becausehemaywellbeprotectingtheemployer

whopayshissalary.

32.Whatisthechiefconcernofmostgovernmentswhenitcomestoscientificresearch?

A.Thedeclineofpublicexpenditure.B.Quickeconomicreturns.

C.Thebudgetforaresearchproject.D.Supportfromthevoters.

33.Whywon'tscientistscomplainaboutthegovernment'spolicyconcerningscientific

research?

A.Theyrealizetheyworkinanenvironmenthostiletothefreepursuitofknowledge.

B.Theyknowittakesincrediblepatiencetowinsupportfromthepublic.

C.Theythinkcompliancewithgovernmentpolicyisintheinterestsofthepublic.

D.Theyareaccustomedtokeepingtheiropinionssecretstothemselves.

34.Accordingtotheauthor,peoplearesuspiciousoftheprofessionaljudgmentofscientists

because.

A.someofthemdonotgiveprioritytointellectualhonesty

B.sometimestheyhidethesourceoftheirresearchfunding

C.theycouldbeinfluencedbytheirassociationwiththeprojectconcerned

D.theirpronouncementsoftenturnouttobeshort-sightedandabsurd

35.Whydoestheauthorsaythatpublicdistrustofscientistscanhavedamagingeffects?

A.Scientiststhemselvesmaydoubtthevalueoftheirresearchfindings.

B.Itmaywearouttheenthusiasmofscientistsforindependentresearch.

C.Itmakesthingsmoretrivialforscientiststoseekresearchfunds.

D.Peoplewillnotbelievescientistsevenwhentheytellthetruth.

【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D

【解析】本文是一篇議論文。公眾對科學家的不信任在一定程度上源于科學與技術、發

現與制造之間界限的模糊。大多數政府，也許是所有政府，從科學事業過去和將來所帶

來的經濟利益的角度來為料學研究的公共并支辯護。

32.推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Mostgovernments,perhapsallgovernments,justifypublic

expenditureonscientificresearchintermsoftheeconomicbenefitsthescientificenterprise

hasbroughtinthepastandwillbringinthefuture.（大多數政府，也許是所有政府，都以科

學事業在過去和將來所帶來的經濟效益來證明在科學研究上的公共支出是合理的戶可

知，說到科學研究，大多數政府最關心的是快速的經濟回報。故選B項

33.推理判斷題。根據第?段中“Manyhavereservations,butkeepthemtothemselvesin

whattheyperceiveasaclimatehostiletothepursuitofunderstandingforitsownsakeand

theideaofaninquiring,creativespirit.（許多人有保留意見，但在他們看來,在一種不利于

追求理解本身和探究、創造精神的氣氛中，他們把這些意見保留了下來）“可知，科學家

們不抱怨政府的科研政策是因為他們意識到他們在?個不利于自由追求知識的環境中

工作。故選A項。

34.細節理解題。根據第二段中“Eveniftheprofessorholdsnoconsultancywithanyfirm,

somepeoplemaystilldistrusthimbecauseofhisassociationwiththosewhodo,oratleast

wonderaboutthesourceofsomeofhisresearchfunding4即使教授沒有在任何公司擔任顧

問，一些人可能仍然不信任他，因為他與那些做顧問的人有聯系，或者至少想知道他的

一些研究資金的來源）”可知，根據作者的觀點，人們懷疑科字家的專業判斷，因為他們

可能會受到與他們有相關項目的聯系的影響。故選C項。

35.推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Thismakesiteasiertodismissallscientific

pronouncements,butespeciallythosemadebythescientistswhopresentthemselvesas

“exp