高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1福建省部分學校教學聯盟2023-2024學年高一下學期開學質量監測英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoesthemanplantogothisyear?A.Europe. B.Asia. C.SouthAmerica.〖答案〗C【原文】W:AreyougoingtoEuropeforyourvacationthisyear?M:No,wegothereeveryyearandwehavealreadybeentoAsiaacoupleoftimes.ButwehaveneverbeentoSouthAmerica,sowearegoingthere.2.Whenwilltheelectricitybeonagaintonight?A.At7:00pm. B.At9:00pm. C.At10:00pm.〖答案〗C【原文】M:Iheardtherewillbeapowercuttonight.W:Don’tworry.I’vealreadyboughtsomecandles.M:Sowhenwillitbegin?W:It’llbeginat7:00pmandwilllastforthreehours.3.Howmuchdidtheicecreamcost?A.$5. B.$9. C.$10.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Thatwasexpensive.Ionlygotonedollarchange.WhenIwasyoung,evenfivedollarswouldhavebeenacrazypriceforanicecream.W:Yougavehimtendollars?Surely,hehasmadeamistake.Gobackandask.4.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Atthestation. B.Infrontofthecinema. C.Atthechurch.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Thefilmisverygood.Shallwemeetat8:00pmattheentranceofthecinema?W:Allright.ButhowcanIgetthere?M:Whenyougetoutofthestation,turnleftandthenkeepwalkinguntilyoucometoachurch.Thecinemaisjustopposite.W:Yes,Iknow.Seeyouthen.5.Whyhasthemancomealongwaytoseethewoman?A.Tohaveaninterview. B.Toaskaboutalawyer. C.Toregisteranadvertisement.〖答案〗A【原文】W:Well,MrLi.It’searlyandyou’vecomealongwayjustforaninterview.M:Yes.IreadyouradvertisementinthenewspaperandmyauntsaidthisisagoodcompanyandsinceI’dliketobealawyersomeday,wethoughtthejobwouldgivemeanewstart.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’shandwriting?A.Itiselegant. B.Itismessy. C.Itisstandard.7.Whatisthewomanwriting?A.Ascientificpaper. B.Ashoppinglist. C.Anewsreport.〖答案〗6.B7.A【原文】M:Yourhandwritingisabitofamess.W:Iknow.I’musedtotyping.Ihaven’treallywrittenanythingsincehighschool.M:Weusedtohavetopracticehandwritinginschooleveryday.Theteachersaidminewaselegant.W:That’squiteimpressive.Iwashappyjusttogetastandardgradeinwriting,butthankfullythehandwritingisn’tbeingmarked.M:Er,whatareyouwritinganyway?W:It’sascientificstudyontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofelectriccars.I’llgetmycomputerbackfromtherepairshoptomorrow.SoI’lltypethemupthen.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday. B.Thursday. C.Friday.9.Whathasstoppedthewomantakingthetablebythewindow?A.It’salreadybeenreserved. B.It’sinthesmokingarea. C.Itcostsmore.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Tryanotherrestaurant. B.Chooseanoutdoortable. C.Makeareservationanotherday.〖答案〗8.A9.B10.B【原文】M:Hello,BlueHillsatFoxRiver.HowcanIhelpyou?W:Hello,I’dliketoreserveatablefortwoat8:00thisFridayevening.M:ThisFriday…thatwouldbethedayaftertomorrow.MayIhaveyourname,Madam?W:It’sLisaFremont,andI’dlikethetabletobenearthewindow,please.M:Wedostillhaveonetablebythewindowavailable,Ms.Fremont,butit’sinthesmokingarea.Canyouacceptthat?W:No.Ican’tbearthecigarettes.PerhapsIshouldmakeareservationatyourplacesomeotherday…M:Well,whynotchooseanoutdoortable,Ms.Fremont?Ithinkitwouldbenicetoenjoyyourmealintheopenaironapleasantsummerevening.W:You’vegotapoint.Okay.Thanks.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Benefitsofexercise. B.Waysofkeepingfit. C.Tipsforlosingweight.12.Whatdoesthescientificjournalsayaboutkeepingfit?A.Regularmildphysicalactivityworksbetter.B.Workingoutatthegymisthemostrewarding.C.Avoideatingafterdoingintensive(高強度的)exercise.13.WhatdoesRashmidotostayfit?A.Heworksoutatthegym. B.Herunsinthepark. C.Hegoescycling.〖答案〗11.B12.A13.C【原文】W:Howdoyouadvisepeopletostayfitandhealthy,Rashmi?M:Well,Iwasreadingascientificjournaljustthismorningsayingthatworkingoutatthegymisactuallylesseffectivethangoingforawalkregularlyinthepark.W:Really?Whydiditsaythat?M:Ithinktheideaisthatifyoudoreallyintensiveexercise,thenyou’remorelikelytorewardyourselfwithabiggersnackattheendofthesession.Butifyoujuststretchyourlegsoftenortakeregulargentleexercise,itdoesn’thavethesameeffect.W:Sowhatdoyoudo?You’reinprettygoodshape.M:Well,Itrynottopaytoomuchattentiontomyweight.I’veneverbeenafanofthegymandInevergoforarun—Ifinditboring.ButrecentlyI’vegotintoroadcycling.Everycoupleofweeksafewofusgooutforarideinthecountryside—40or50kilometers.Thescenery’sbeautifulandit’sagreatwaytoenjoynatureandstayfitatthesametime.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatproblemdoesthewomanface?A.Shecan’tturnonhercomputer. B.Shecan’topenadocument. C.Shecan’thandleherwork.15.Whendidthewoman’sproblemoccur?A.Yesterdaymorning. B.Lastnight. C.Thismorning.16.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Sendhimanemail. B.Cometohisplace. C.Givehimacall.〖答案〗14.B15.C16.A【原文】W:HiJason.Sorrytobotheryou.I’vebeenhavingaproblemwithmycomputer.Ithoughtyoumightbeabletohelpme.M:Isee.What’stheproblem?W:IhaveafilethatIcan’taccessforsomereason.Ihavetohanditintomorrow.M:Wereyouabletoopenitbefore,onthecomputeryou’reusingnow?W:Yes,Iwasworkingonitlastnightandeverythingwasfine,butthismorningIcouldn’topenit.M:Doyouthinkyourcomputermighthaveavirus?W:No,Icheckedandthereweren’tany.M:I’mnotsurewhat’swrong.Ifit’spossible,emailthefiletomeandI’llseeifIcangetittoopen.W:OK,I’lldothatwhenIgethome.M:I’llbehomeafter8p.m.SendittomewhenyougetachanceandI’llcallyoulater.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.What’sthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thedevelopmentofthebicycle.B.Thematerialsofmakingthebicycle.C.Theprocessofthebicycle’sbecomingpopular.18.WhatisthedisadvantageofthebicyclebeforeMacMillan’sdesign?A.Thebicyclecouldn’tchangedirections.B.Thewheelsofthebicycleweren’twellfixeD.C.Therider’sfeetcouldn’tleavethegrounD.19.Whenwasthesizeofthebicycle’swheelschanged?A.In1817. B.In1839. C.In1869.20.Whathappenedin1884?A.Bicyclesfirsthadrubbertires.B.The“safetybicycle”appeared.C.Bicyclescouldrunfaster.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.C20.B【詳析】ThefirstbicycleappearedinFranceinthe1790s.Itwasalittlewoodenhorsewithafixedfrontwheel.Becausethewheelwasfixed,itcouldnotbeturnedrightorleft.Theonlywayitcouldbecontrolledwasbytheriderpushingagainstthegroundwithhisorherfeet.In1817,aGermanreplacedthefixedfrontwheelwithonethatcouldbeturned.Nowthewoodenhorsecouldbedirectedrightorleft.Theriderstillneededtopushitwithhisorherfeetontheground.In1839,aScottishMacMillandesignedthefirstbicycle-likemachinewithfootboardandrodeitfor40milesinonly5hours.Thebicyclegotmorecomfortablein1869whenrubbertireswereintroduced.Aroundthesametime,thefrontwheelsbegantogrowlargerwhilethebackwheelsgotsmaller.Duringthe1880s,bicyclesenjoyedasuddengrowthinpopularity.However,theyweren’tverysafe.Sittinghighuptowardsthefrontofthebicycleandtravelingveryfast,theridercouldbeeasilythrownoverthefrontwheelifthebicyclehitasmallstone.Fortunately,the“safetybicycle”wasinventedin1884.Thesafetybicyclehadequal-sizedwheelsandtireswithairinthem.Andmoreimprovementsquicklyfollowed.Nodoubttherewillbefurtherimprovementsindesignandmaterialsinthefuture.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWelcometoHolkerHall&GardensVisitorInformationHowtoGettoHolkerByCar:FollowbrownsignsanA590fromJB6,M6.Approximatetraveltimes:Windermere-20minutes,Kendal-25minutes,Lancaster-45minutes,Manchester-1hour30minutes.ByRail:TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth,LancasterPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.OpeningTimesSunday-Friday(closedonSaturday)11:00a.m.-4:00p.m.,30March-2ndNovember.AdmissionChargesHall&GardensGardensAdults:￡12.00￡8.00Groups￡9￡5.5SpecialEventsProducers:Market13thAprilJoinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.HolkerGardenFestival30thMayTheeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.NationalGardenDay28thAugustHolkeronceagainopensisgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.WinterMarket8thNovemberThisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggifswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?A.20minutes. B.25minutes.C.45minutes. D.90minutes.22.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisittoHall&Cardens?A.￡12.00. B.￡9.00.C.￡8.0 D.￡5.5023.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?A.Producers’Market. B.HolkerGardenFestival.C.NationalGardenDay. D.WinterMarket.〖答案〗21.D22.B23.D〖祥解〗文章為旅游指南。文章主要介紹了去HolkerHall&Garden旅游的相關信息，如：出行方式，開放時間，旅行費用以及主要活動等?！?1題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段HowtoGettoHolker中Bycar里Approximatetraveltimes后面內容可知，從Manchester到Holker要用1hourand30minutes，即90分鐘，故選D。【22題詳析】細節理解題。根據AdmissionCharges可知，團體中的一員去Hall&Gardens需要支付9英鎊。【23題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章最后一段WinterMarket中最后一句Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.可知，如果想去看現場表演需要去WinterMarket。故選D。BOpeningthepagesofLiubaDrawsBeijingtakesyouonafascinatingvisualjourneythroughtheheartofChina’sbusycapitalcity.Withinitslivelywatercolors,traditionalhutong,thegrandSummerPalace,andthecontemporarycharmofBeijing’sSanlitunand798ArtDistrictallcomealivethroughtheartisticlensofLiubaVladimirova,morefamouslyknownasLiubaDraws.Vladimirova’sjourneyfromtheicySiberiancityofIrkutsktothevitalBeijingstartedduringhercollegeyears,whenshecommencedwithanacademicexchangeprogramconnectingherRussianuniversitywithLiaoningUniversityinShenyang,inNortheastChina’sLiaoningProvince.ItwasduringthistransformativeperiodthatshefirstsetfootinBeijing.Sincethen,heraffectionforthecityhasbeenundeniable.Vladimirova’spathasanartistwasfarfromlinear(直線的).SincechildhoodVladimirovahasdevelopedalovefordrawingandpainting.However,shepursuedadifferentacademicandprofessionalroute,studyingChineseandinternationaltradeincollegeandlaterworkingintraderelationsbetweenRussiaandChina,noneofwhichwasdirectlyconnectedtotheworldofart.Yet,Vladimirova’sinnerartistremainedalive.In2015,VladimirovabegancraftingaseriesofillustrationscenteredaroundBeijing,properlynamed“TheBeijingCalendar”.WhatattractsVladimirovamostisBeijing’shistorichutong.Thesenarrowalleyways,richinhistoryandculture,serveasawellspring(源泉)ofinspirationforherartistry.Vladimirova’sabilitytocatchthesehiddensmalldifferenceslikelycomesfromheruniqueperspectiveasan“outsider”—someonewhodidn’tgrowupinBeijing.Thisfreshperspectiveallowedhertoarriveinthecitywithfresheyesandaneagerheart,readytoembraceanewculture.24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“commencedwith”meaninparagraph2?A.Improved. B.Began. C.Resisted. D.Assessed.25.WhatdoweknowaboutVladimirovafromparagraph3?A.Shegaveupherdream. B.Shewonmanyartprizesseveralyearsago.C.Shewashardworkingoverherchildhood. D.Shedelayedherartisticcareer.26.Whydoestheauthormentionhutong?A.TopraiseBeijing’sarchitecture. B.ToshowtheinspirationofVladimirova’sartmaking.C.Tostatethemaincontentsofanartbook. D.ToadvisetouriststovisitBeijing.27.WhichstatementbestsummarizesVladimirova’ssuccess?A.Curiosityworkswonders. B.Hardworkpaysoffintime.C.Theworldisdiverseandlively. D.Paintinghasnonationalboundaries.〖答案〗24.B25.D26.B27.A【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章介紹了胡同里的外國藝術家俄羅斯插畫師LiubaVladimirova以及她用水彩為北京手繪的“紀念冊”——《Liuba畫北京》?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第二段中劃線部分所在句中的“Vladimirova’sjourneyfromtheicySiberiancityofIrkutsktothevitalBeijingstartedduringhercollegeyears(弗拉基米羅娃從冰冷的西伯利亞城市伊爾庫茨克到充滿活力的北京的旅程始于她的大學時代)”可知，Vladimirova在上大學時來到北京；由劃線部分所在從句“whenshe

commencedwith

anacademicexchangeprogramconnectingherRussianuniversitywithLiaoningUniversityinShenyang,inNortheastChina’sLiaoningProvince(當時她commencedwith一個學術交流項目，將她所在的俄羅斯大學與中國東北遼寧省沈陽的遼寧大學聯系起來。)”以及下文“ItwasduringthistransformativeperiodthatshefirstsetfootinBeijing.(正是在這一變革時期，她第一次踏上了北京的土地。)”可知，她由于在大學期間來到遼寧大學開始學術交流項目而有機會去北京；“she

commencedwith

anacademicexchangeprogramconnectingherRussianuniversitywithLiaoningUniversityinShenyang”表達的意思為“她開始了她的俄羅斯大學與沈陽遼寧大學的學術交流項目”，“commencedwith”意為“開始”，與B選項began表達意思一致。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Vladimirova’spathasanartistwasfarfromlinear(直線的).SincechildhoodVladimirovahasdevelopedalovefordrawingandpainting.However,shepursuedadifferentacademicandprofessionalroute,studyingChineseandinternationaltradeincollegeandlaterworkingintraderelationsbetweenRussiaandChina,noneofwhichwasdirectlyconnectedtotheworldofart.Yet,Vladimirova’sinnerartistremainedalive.(Vladimirova作為藝術家的道路遠非直線的。Vladimirova從小就對繪畫和繪畫產生了熱愛。然而，她追求不同的學術和專業路線，在大學學習中國和國際貿易，后來從事中俄貿易關系方面的工作，這些都與藝術界沒有直接聯系。然而，Vladimirova內心的藝術家仍然活著。)”可知，盡管Vladimirova從小就對繪畫和繪畫產生了熱愛，但是她在大學學習中國和國際貿易，并從事中俄貿易關系方面的工作；由此可知，她一開始從事的是與藝術沒有聯系的工作，后來才從事藝術行業，她推遲了她的藝術生涯。故選D?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段“In2015,VladimirovabegancraftingaseriesofillustrationscenteredaroundBeijing,properlynamed“TheBeijingCalendar”.WhatattractsVladimirovamostisBeijing’shistorichutong.Thesenarrowalleyways,richinhistoryandculture,serveasawellspring(源泉)ofinspirationforherartistry.(2015年，Vladimirova開始創作一系列以北京為中心的插圖，并將其命名為“北京日歷”。最吸引Vladimirova的是北京歷史悠久的胡同。這些歷史文化豐富的窄巷是她藝術創作靈感的源泉。)”可知，最吸引Vladimirova的是北京歷史悠久的胡同，歷史文化豐富的窄巷是她藝術創作靈感的源泉；由此可知，作者提到胡同是為了展示Vladimirova藝術創作的靈感。故選B。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據最后一段“Vladimirova’sabilitytocatchthesehiddensmalldifferenceslikelycomesfromheruniqueperspectiveasan“outsider”—someonewhodidn’tgrowupinBeijing.Thisfreshperspectiveallowedhertoarriveinthecitywithfresheyesandaneagerheart,readytoembraceanewculture.(Vladimirova能夠捕捉到這些隱藏的細微差異，可能是因為她作為一個‘局外人’——一個不在北京長大的人——的獨特視角。這種全新的視角讓她帶著全新的眼光和渴望的心來到這座城市，準備接受一種新的文化。)”可知，Vladimirova的展示北京的繪畫之所以如此成功是她對這座城市充滿好奇心，以一個“局外人”的身份帶著全新的眼光和渴望的心來到北京，以全新的視角去接受一種新的文化；A選項“Curiosityworkswonders.(好奇心能創造奇跡。)”能夠最好地概括Vladimirova的成功。故選A。CRecyclingisagreatwayofdoingyourbitfortheenvironmentandhelpingtoprotecttheearth’spreciousresources.However,anewstudyhasrevealedthatourdesiretobesustainablemaybedoingmoreharmthangood.AccordingtowastecompanyBiffa,thisisbecauseof“wish-cycling”—assumingthatitemssuchasdisposablecoffeecupsandpizzaboxeswillberecycledifputintherecyclingbin.Infact,pollutionfromthoseitemsorothernon-recyclablescanresultinrecyclableitemsthathavebeenputinthecorrectbingoingtolandfill.DavidHeaton,abusinessdirectoratBiffa,said:“Pollutionhappenswhenitemsaredisposedofinthewrongbinsorhaven’tbeencleanedbeforebeingrecycled.”ExpertsatBiffaanalyzedtheamountsofnon-targetandnon-recyclablematerialsthatenteredUKmaterialrecyclingfacilitiesbetween2016and2020.Itwasfoundthat,in2016,theaveragepollutionrateofrecyclingwastewas13.4percent,risingoverfouryearsto17percentbytheendof2020.Thisshowsthat,evenaspeoplearebecomingmoreeco-conscious,wish-cyclingisincreasingbothinhouseholdsandbusinesses.TheBiffaexpertssaythatoneofthebestwaystopreventpollutionofrecyclingistocleanrecyclablewastebeforeputtingitinthebin.Theysuggestcuttingoffthetopofoldpizzaboxesandonlyrecyclingthatparttoavoidpollutionfromthegrease(油脂).Checktheon-packagingrecyclinglabeltocheckitcanactuallyberecycledWhenitcomestoplastics,Biffarecommendscheckingtheresincode,thenumberintheplastictriangle,toknowwhetheritshouldgointherecyclingbin.Ingeneral,resincodes1,2,4and5arerecyclable,while3,6and7arenot.Largeritems,likeelectronics,furnitureandbatteries,canalsoberecycledbutoftencannotgoinhouseholdrecyclingbinsastheyneedspecialistseparating.Thesewillneedtobetakentorecyclingcentersorsustainablewastemanagementcompanies.“It’svitalasanationthatwegetbetterateffective‘pre-cycling’—sortingwastecorrectlybeforecollectiontoreducepollutionrates,”addedMr.Heaton.28.What’sthetruthof“wish-cycling”accordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Thedesiretoleadasustainablelife.B.Thegoodintentiontohelprecycling.C.Thehabitofthrowingitemsthatendupinlandfills.D.Thepracticeofrecyclingitemsthatcannotberecycled.29.WhathasexpertsatBiffaconcludedaftertheiranalysis?A.Peoplearebecomingmoreeco-conscious.B.Wish-cyclingisontheriseinrecentyears.C.Pollutionhappenslessfrequentlyinrecyclingfacilities.D.Peopleareusedtocleaningrecyclablewastebeforeputtingitinthebin.30.Whichofthefollowingisaproperwayofrecycling?A.Disposeofelectronicstogetherwithhouseholdwaste.B.Skipthestepofcheckingtheon-packagingrecyclinglabel.C.Checktheresincodeofplasticstoseewhetheritisrecyclableornot.D.Cutoffthetopofoldpizzaboxandthrowtheresttotherecyclingbin.31.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Recycling:aBigProject B.Wish-cycling:aNewTrendC.Wish-cycling:aGrowingConcern D.Pre-cycling:anEffectiveMethod〖答案〗28.B29.B30.C31.C【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了“希望循環”所帶來的問題，同時文章就如何正確回收提出建議。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“However,anewstudyhasrevealedthatourdesiretobesustainablemaybedoingmoreharmthangood.(然而，一項新的研究表明，我們對可持續發展的渴望可能弊大于利)”和“thisisbecauseof“wish-cycling”—assumingthatitemssuchasdisposablecoffeecupsandpizzaboxeswillberecycledifputintherecyclingbin.(這是因為“希望循環”——認為一次性咖啡杯和比薩餅盒等物品如果放入回收箱就會被回收)”可知，“希望循環”的真相是人們認為把垃圾扔進回收箱就會被回收。由此可推知，這是一種幫助回收利用的好意。故選B。【29題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Thisshowsthat,evenaspeoplearebecomingmoreeco-conscious,wish-cyclingisincreasingbothinhouseholdsandbusinesses.(這表明，盡管人們越來越注重環保，但在家庭和企業中，“希望循環”的數量都在增加)”可知，近年來，“希望循環”的數量正在不斷增加。故選B?！?0題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段中“Whenitcomestoplastics,Biffarecommendscheckingtheresincode,thenumberintheplastictriangle,toknowwhetheritshouldgointherecyclingbin.(當談到塑料時，Biffa建議檢查樹脂代碼，即塑料三角形中的數字，以了解它是否應該放入回收箱)”可知，檢查塑料的樹脂代碼，看看它是否可回收，這是合適的回收方法，故選C?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“However,anewstudyhasrevealedthatourdesiretobesustainablemaybedoingmoreharmthangood.AccordingtowastecompanyBiffa,thisisbecauseof“wish-cycling”—assumingthatitemssuchasdisposablecoffeecupsandpizzaboxeswillberecycledifputintherecyclingbin.Infact,pollutionfromthoseitemsorothernon-recyclablescanresultinrecyclableitemsthathavebeenputinthecorrectbingoingtolandfill.(然而，一項新的研究表明，我們對可持續發展的渴望可能弊大于利。據廢品處理公司Biffa稱，這是因為“希望循環”——假設一次性咖啡杯和比薩餅盒等物品如果放入回收箱就會被回收利用。事實上，來自這些物品或其他不可回收物品的污染會導致已經放入正確垃圾箱的可回收物品被送往垃圾填埋場)”可知，文章主要講述了“希望回收”所帶來的問題，同時文章就如何正確回收提出建議，由此可推知，C項“希望循環：一個日益關注的問題”適合做文章標題。故選C。DInhis1936workHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,DaleCarnegiewrote:“Ihavecometotheconclusionthatthereisonlyonewaytogetthebestofanargument—andthatistoavoidit.”Thisdistasteforargumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives—andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.Carnegiewouldberightifargumentswerefights,whichishowweoftenthinkofthem.Likephysicalfights,verbal(言語的)fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifargumentswereevenjustcompetitions—like,say,tennistournaments.Pairsofopponentshittheballbackandforthuntilonewinnercomesoutfromallwhoentered.Everybodyelseloses.Thiskindofthinkingexplainswhysomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments.However,therearewaystowinanargumenteverytime.Whenyoustateyourposition,formulate(闡述)anargumentforwhatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyourselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Whenyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspellouttheirargumentfully.Assessitsstrengthandweakness.Raiseobjections(異議)andlistencarefullytotheirreplies.Thismethodwillrequireeffort,butpracticewillmakeyoubetteratit.Thesetoolscanhelpyouwineveryargument—notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponentsbutinthebettersenseoflearningaboutwhatdividespeople,learningwhytheydisagreewithusandlearningtotalkandworktogetherwiththem.Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments—fromaverbalfightortennisgametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother—thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto“win”anargument.32.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardCarnegie’sunderstandingofargument?A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Tolerant. D.Uncertain.33.Whydomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments?A.Theylackdebatingskills. B.Theymayfeelbadeveniftheywin.C.Theyfearbeingignored. D.Theyarenotconfidentinthemselves.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spellout”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Defend. B.Explain. C.Conclude. D.Repeat.35.Whatisthekeyto“winning”anargumentaccordingtotheauthor?A.Senseoflogic. B.Solidsupportingevidence.C.Propermanners. D.Understandingfrombothsides.〖答案〗32.A33.B34.B35.D【導語】這是一篇說明文，作者闡述了爭論的意義和贏得爭論的方法?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Thisdistasteforargumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives—andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.(這種對爭論的厭惡是很普遍的，但它取決于對爭論的錯誤看法，這種觀點會給我們的個人和社會生活帶來問題——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了爭論的意義)”可知，作者對于Carnegie對爭論的看法持批判態度，故選A。【33題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Likephysicalfights,verbal(言語的)fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifargumentswereevenjustcompetitions—like,say,tennistournaments.(和身體上的打斗一樣，言語上的打斗也會讓雙方流血。即使你贏了，你最終也不會變得更好。如果爭論只是一場比賽，比如網球比賽，你也會感覺很糟糕)”可知，很多人盡量避免爭論，是因為即使贏了他們也感覺很糟糕，故選B?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線短語所在句“askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirview”可知，讓他們為自己的觀點提供依據，即讓他們充分闡明他們的觀點，spellout意為“解釋明白，講清楚”，故選B。【35題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments—fromaverbalfightortennisgametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother—thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto“win”anargument.(如果我們重新調整我們對爭論的看法——從一場口水戰或網球比賽轉變為一種理性的交流，通過這種交流，我們都能獲得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我們就改變了‘贏得’爭論的本質)”可知，作者認為“贏得”爭論的關鍵是通過交流獲得彼此的尊重和理解，故選D。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Growingplantsisoftenseenasavery“green”thingtodo,butlikemanyproducts,theytakeahugeamountofenergytoproduce.____36____Forexample,theyusegeothermal(地熱的)energytoheatgreenhousesandsolarpowertosupplyelectricityandlighting.Whiledomesticgrowingdoesn’tinvolvethesamecarbonfootprintascommercialgrowing,it’simportanttoconsiderwhatwecanalldotominimizeourownimpactwhilestillenjoyinggrowingplants.Over-consumptionofplantsisabigissue.It’ssoeasytogetoverexcitedwhenyouseealltheseincredibleplants,andyoucanendupcarryinghomehugenumbersofthem.___37____Themoreplantsyouhave,themorelimitedyourtimeandresourcesbecome,andplantscansuffer.Thisleadstoanotherissue-manypeoplemayendupthrowingawaytheirplantswhichdon’tlookperfectorstopflowering,inasimilarwaytotheworldoffastfashion.____38____.Ifyouarereadyandabletoincreaseyourcollection,propagate(繁殖)fromyourownplantsratherthanbuyingmore,andshareplantswithothers.____39____Meanwhile,wecanbuildacommunityoflike-minded,passionateplantpeople.Recyclingtakesahugeamountofinput,whichcanendupmoredamagingtotheenvironment,soinsteadofbuyingsomethingoflowerqualitythatneedsreplacingeveryyear,buyfewerthingsofahigherquality.____40____Andtheycanbepasseddownthegenerations.A.Butlargecollectionscallforanenormousamountofwork.B.Manycommercialgrowerscontinuetomarkettheirproduce.C.Thisremovestheneedtobuyplantsandencouragesasharingculture.D.Thesewilllastmanyyearsandbemorecost-effectiveinthelongterm.E.Soit’simportanttoassessyourcollectionandbuyplantsyouhavetimetolookafter.F.Throwingthemawaywillgreatlyreduceyourgardeningfootprintontheenvironment.G.Manylarge-scalegrowershaveusedtechnologytominimizetheirimpactontheenvironment.〖答案〗36.G37.A38.E39.C40.D【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了植物過度消耗所帶來的危害，以及我們該如何做。【36題詳析】上文“Growingplantsisoftenseenasavery“green”thingtodo,butlikemanyproducts,theytakeahugeamountofenergytoproduce.(種植植物通常被認為是一件非?！熬G色”的事情，但是像許多產品一樣，它們需要大量的能量來生產。)”提到種植植物需要大量的能量，下文“Forexample,theyusegeothermal(地熱的)energytoheatgreenhousesandsolarpowertosupplyelectricityandlighting.(例如，他們利用地熱能加熱溫室，利用太陽能供應電力和照明。)”舉例說明種植者是如何減少種植對環境的影響，G項“許多大規模種植者已經使用技術來盡量減少對環境的影響?！狈希挛牡摹癟hey”代指選項中的“Manylarge-scalegrowers”，故選G?！?7題詳析】上文“It’ssoeasytogetoverexcitedwhenyouseealltheseincredibleplants,andyoucanendupcarryinghomehugenumbersofthem.(當你看到這些令人難以置信的植物時，你很容易過度興奮，最后你可能會帶回家大量的植物。)”提到將大量植物帶回家，下文“Themoreplantsyouhave,themorelimitedyourtimeandresourcesbe