名師原創：Unit8單元考點突破（一）●詞匯精講1.leavevt&vi.(left,left)離開；出發；使處于（某種狀態）；剩下；造成，留下（某種結果）；留下（便條，口信）；遺忘，丟下；把…交給，委托;n.休假，假期【原句再現】Well,sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth,leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan’tbebotheredtopickitup.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】leavesb/sth.doingsth.使某人或某物處于某種狀態leavesb/sth.done/adj/adv.使某人或某物處于…..leavesthwith/tosb.把某物交給或委托給某人leavebehind把….丟在后面，超過leaveout遺漏；不包括leaveover剩下，留下leaveroomfor….為….留余地leave…for….離開某地前往某地【精品例句】ShewillleaveBeijingforHongKongonbusinessverysoon.不久，她要離開北京去香港出差Weshouldn’tleavethetapwaterrunningorwasteanymaterialsinthelaboratoryclass.在實驗課上，我們不應該忘記關水龍頭或者浪費材料IleftthedoorunlockedwhenIwentout.我出去時沒鎖門Runningamarathonwillleaveyoubreathless.跑馬拉松會讓你上氣不接下氣Leavetheboyalone,hecanmakeuphisownmind.別管這孩子，他會自己決定的Ihaveonlygotafewdollarsleft.我身上只剩下幾美元了Youcanleavethecookingtome.你可以把做飯的事兒交給我Ifyoustudyinasystematicway,youwon’tleaveanythingout.如果你用系統方法去學習，你就不會遺漏任何東西Sheaskedforthreedays’leavetotakecareofhersickson.她請了三天的假照顧生病的兒子【高考鏈接】Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceif_________(leave)inthewronghands.(湖南課改卷)(left)Goandjoinintheparty._____ittometodothewashing-up.A.GetB.RemainC.LeaveD.Send(湖北卷)(C)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Theteacherstressedagainthatthestudentsshouldnotleave_____anyimportantdetailswhileretellingthestory.(out)Don’tleavethewater_______(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.(running)2.mattern.事情；問題；（只用單數，與the連用）毛病，麻煩事；（常用復數）時態，情況；物質；vi.有關系；要緊（主語用于疑問句和否定句，并且不用于進行時態）【原句再現】HowcanitmatterifIleaveonelittletaprunning,onelittlelightonorleavealittlepieceoflitterontheroad?(教材P31)【詞塊積累】apersonal/privatematter私事amatterof….關乎….的事情asamatteroffact事實上，其實nomatter（與疑問副詞連用）無論，不管takemattersinone’sownhands.親自處理Itdoesn’tmatter沒關系；無所謂辨析：matter,affair,event三者都有“事情”之意。matter通常指客觀存在的或有待處理的問題，常用在amatterof….結構中；Itisamatterofduty.這是個責任問題Wehaveseveralimportantmatterstodealwithatournextmeeting.下次會議我們有幾件重要事情要處理affair可用于描述嚴肅認真的公共或政治事務，也可以描述與個人生活密切相關的小事。foreignaffairs外交事務Wearefriends,butIdon’tknowmuchabouttheirprivateaffairs.盡管我們是朋友，可我并不太了解他們的私生活event通常指重要事件；大事Theelectionwasthemaineventof2010.那次選舉是2010年的大事【精品例句】Ihaveaseriousmattertotalkabout.我有件重要的事情要談What’sthematter(withyou)?（你）怎么了？Thereisnothingthematterwiththemachine.這臺機器沒有毛病Mattersweremadeworsebyafireinthefactory.工廠失火使得事態更為嚴重Observanceoflawisamatterofprincipleforus.遵守法律對我們來說是原則問題YouandIwillalwaysbefriends,nomatterwhathappens.不管發生什么，你我永遠是朋友Itdoesn’tmattertomewhichwayyoutake.你走哪條路，我無所謂WhatmattersnotmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.學習英語最重要的是你有足夠的練習【高考鏈接】There’snoreasontobedisappointed._____thiscouldberatheramusing.(浙江卷)A.AboveallB.AsaresultC.InadditionD.Asamatteroffact(D)Ican’tsaywhichwineisbestit’sa(n)______ofpersonaltaste.A.affairB.eventC.matterD.variety(C)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Jacksaidhewasill._____amatteroffact,hewasallright.(As)Nomatter_______hardtherainfallsandthewindblows,thepolicekeeptotheirposts.(how)3.sufferfrom指遭受戰爭、自然災害帶來的苦難及患病之苦。【原句再現】Mostpeoplesufferfromwhatisknownas“Just-me-ism”.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】suffervt&vi.(身體或精神上)受苦；遭受sufferingn．受苦，苦難sufferern．受苦者，受難者sufferaheartattack心臟病突發suffer作及物動詞時，指遭受一般的痛苦、損害等，其賓語一般是loss，pain，punishment，defeat，hardship，disappointment等。suffer作不及物動詞時，常與from連用。【精品例句】Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.已經募集了大量的善款來幫助那些遭受洪災的人們。Thegraduatesufferedadefeatinthejobinterview.這名畢業生在求職面試時遭遇了失敗。Ourlifeisbecomingbetterandbetterwhileinsomecountriestherearestillsomepeoplesufferingfromhunger.我們的生活越來越好，但在一些國家有些人仍在挨餓。【高考鏈接】Doeshesuffer_______anykindofmentaldisability?(陜西卷)(from)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Webegantobrainstormwayswecouldhelptoeasethe____(suffer)(suffering)4.harmfuladj.有害的【原句再現】Andallofthiswouldbeveryharmful.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】dosb./sth.harm＝doharmtosb./sth.傷害某人/物Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事無害harmvt.&n．傷害，損害beharmfultosb./sth.對某人/物有害harmlessadj.無害的【精品例句】Smokingalotofcigarettescanharmone’shealthandevenmaykillpeopleoveralongperiodoftime.長期大量吸煙會危害身體健康，甚至可能導致死Accordingtothestudy，usingsmartphonetoooftendoesharmtoyoureyes.根據研究，用智能手機太傷眼睛Hemaynotbeabletohelpbutthere’snoharminaskinghim.他可能幫不了忙，但是問一下倒也無妨Toomuchdrinkingwilldogreatharmtoyou=Toomuchdrinkingwilldoyougreatharm.飲酒過量對你危害甚大ToomuchTV-watchingcanharmchildren’sabilitytolearn.看電視過多會影響孩子的學習能力【高考鏈接】Airpollutionwillgetworseandthiswilldo____(harmful)topeople.(山東卷)(harm)Thepollutedairwillbeharmful_____peopleandanimalsaround.(湖北卷)(to)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Thereisnoharmin_______(apologize)toherfirst.(apologizing)Thatreallydidus_______(harmful).(harm)5.establishvt.建立；創立；設立；確立；立足【原句再現】Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironment,animalsandtheircommunity,Roots&Shootswasestablished.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】establishedadj.確立的；確定的establishmentn.建立；設立；確立aneducationestablishment一個教育機構establishcontact/arelationshipwith…與…建立聯系、關系establishsb./sth.as…把….確立為….【精品例句】Thecompanywasestablishedin1980.這家公司成立于1980年Bythenshewasestablishedasafamousstar.那時她的明星地位已得到確立Thisunitisanestablishedpartofthecourse.這個單元是本課程既定的一部分Thespeakerannouncedtheestablishmentofanewcollege.發言人宣布了新學院的成立Bythe1920sthefilmindustrywaswellestablishedinHollywood,California.至二十世紀二十年代，電影業在加利福尼亞州的好萊塢已站穩腳跟【高考鏈接】By1909,Picassohadestablishedhimself_____apainterofgreattalentinParis.(陜西卷)(as)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Thisnovelestablishedthereputationhestillenjoystoday_______oneofAmerica’sgreatestwriters.(as)6.setup建立；創立；安排【原句再現】Thisinstitutewassetupintheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall,ascientistwho’sbest—knownexpertonwildchimpanzees.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】setout出發；啟程；(懷著目標)開始工作setout(todo...)動身；起程；開始做setabout(doing...)著手做setoff出發；動身；使爆炸；引起setaside留出；對……置之不理setdown寫下；記下【精品例句】Hewasaskedtosetdownthefactsjustasherememberedthem.他被要求根據記憶把事實寫下來。Avisitorarrivedjustasweweresettingoutfortheairport.我們正要前往機場時來了一位客人。Hewillsetoutonajourneyearlyinthenextmorning.他明天一早就動身。Wesetouttofindthetruthbehindthemystery.我們開始著手揭開謎團背后的真相。Hesetouttofollowhisartisticinclinations.他開始追求自己的藝術愛好。Hehasachievedwhathesetouttodothreeyearsago.他已經完成了3年前開始努力做的事情。【高考鏈接】Themomentshearrivedhome,shesetabout____(clean)thehouse.(天津卷)(cleaningI'llset_________earlytoavoidthetrafficjams.（全國卷）(off/out)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Isetoff/out_____thecompanyearlierinordertoavoidtheheavytraffic.(for)Theywanttoset______theirowncompany.(up)Shesets_______abitofmoneyeverymonth.(aside)7.commitvt.承諾；保證(某個人、機構等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動等)【原句再現】Inadditiontoherresearch,shehasbeenwhole-heartedlycommittedtoenvironmentalprotection.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】commit...to…把……送交/托付給……；對……作出承諾，承擔義務，擔負責任；使(自己)致力于……commitoneselftodo/to/sth./doing...承諾；保證做……commitacrime犯罪committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅定的；堅信的commitmentn.承諾；委托；承擔義務【精品例句】Wearecommittedtoimprovingservices.我們承諾改善服務。Nobodywaspreparedtocommitthemselves.誰都不愿作出承諾。Shedidn'twanttocommitherselfonewayortheother.不管怎樣，她都不想作出承諾Also,betotallycommittedtowhatyoudo,asexcellenceisonlypossiblewithcommitment．此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因為只有完全付出才可能達到卓越。【高考鏈接】ThePresidentiscommittedto_______(reform)healthcare.(江蘇卷)(reforming)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Theboy_______(commit)tothecareofhisauntyesterday.(wascommitted)Hehascommittedhimself_______thecauseofeducation.(to)Hehascommittedhimself_______(support)them.(tosupport/tosupporting)8.solvevt.解決問題；解答難題【原句再現】Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems,changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】solutionn.解決辦法；答案；解答a/thesolutionto...……的解決辦法/答案【精品例句】Hereistheperfectsolutiontoallyourproblems.這是解決你所有問題的最佳方法I’mtryingtosolvethisproblem,butIcan’tfindtherightsolution.我正試圖解決這個問題，但是找不到正確方法Attemptstofindasolutionhavefailed.找到方法的嘗試最終失敗了Thesolutiontolastweek’squizisonpage81.上周測試題的答案在81頁【高考鏈接】Theschooladvisorshelpyoutalkthroughyourproblemsbuttheydon’tgiveyouanydirect____.(浙江卷)A.solutionB.targetC.measureD.function(A)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Afterrunningthroughthenumbersineverypossiblecombination,wefinallyfindthesolution_____them.(to)9.valuevt.重視；珍惜；評估；估價n.價值；重要性；價格；劃算程度；（復數）價值觀，社會準則【原句再現】That’swhatRoots&Shootsisallabout:thevalueandimportanceofeachindividual—human,animalorplant.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】valuableadj.值錢的，貴重的，寶貴的，有價值的invaluableadj.無價的，極其寶貴的marketvalue市場價格begood/badvalue很劃算/不值ofvalue有價值的；有用的【精品例句】Hergrandfatherleftheravaluablering.她租房留給她一枚貴重的戒指Realfriendshipismorevaluablethanmoney.真正的友誼比金錢更寶貴Everycustomerislookingforvalueformoney.每位顧客都想買到劃算的東西Mostpeopleknowthevalueofagoodeducation.多數人都知道良好教育的重要性DuringtheRenaissance,newideasandvaluesgraduallyreplacedthoseheldintheMiddleAges.文藝復興時期，新思想和新觀念逐步取代了中世紀的思想和觀念Howdoyouvaluehimasawriter?他作為作家，你如何評價他？Hevaluedthepaintingat$2000.他給這幅畫估計兩千美元【高考鏈接】Asabig-timebargainhunter,Iknowthe________(valuable)ofadollar.(全國課改卷)(value)Weshould________(valuable)whatwehaveandtryourbesttoovercomeanydifficultyinlife.（湖南卷）(value)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Sportscanbe_______greatvalue,especiallytopeoplewhoworkwiththeirbrainsmostoftheday.(of)Thisgavehima_______(value)clueaboutthecauseofthedisease.(valuable)10.absentadj.缺席的；不在的【原句再現】Youcannotbeabsent.(教材P31)【詞塊積累】absent-mindedadj.心不在焉的；健忘的beabsentfromschool/class/work缺課/缺勤absencen.缺席；不在；缺乏absenceofevidence/rain缺乏證據/降雨in/duringsb’sabsence在某人不在時intheabsenceof….在缺乏…..情況下absenceofmind心不在焉；健忘【精品例句】Herabsenceofmindduringdrivingnearlycausedanaccident.她駕車時心不在焉，差點釀成事故InhisabsenceIlookedtoseewhatwasonhisdesk.趁他不在時，我看了看他桌上有什么東西Thecasewasdismissedintheabsenceofanydefiniteproof.此案因缺乏確鑿證據而不予受理Attimeshewouldbeabsentforafewdays.他有時會離開幾天Snowisabsentinsomecountries.有些國家終年無雪Grandpa’sbeengettingratherabsent-mindedlately.爺爺最近變得很健忘【高考鏈接】Hewaseagertobebackaftermorethanaweek’sabsence_______school.(湖北卷)(from)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Theboyisalwaysabsent_________schoolrecently.(from)Duringthe_________(absent)ofTom,theyheldthemeeting.(absence)11.convincevt.使相信；使確信；說服【原句再現】Whattechniquesdoesthewriterusetomakehis/herviewlogicalandconvincing?(教材P32)【詞塊積累】convincesb.ofsth.使某人確信/明白某事convincesb.that...使某人相信……convincesb.todosth.說服某人做某事convincingadj.令人信服的convincedadj.確信的；堅信的beconvincedof…..相信……beconvinced(that)...(某人)相信……【精品例句】We'vebeentryingtoconvincehimtogiveuptheplan．我們一直在試圖說服他放棄那個計劃。WhatshesaidconvincedmethatIwasmistaken.她說的話讓我相信我錯了。I'mnotgoingtobelieveitmyself,nevermindconvinceanyoneelse我自己都不會相信，更別提說服別人了。Robert'sexpressionhadobviouslyconvincedherofhisinnocence.羅伯特的表情顯然使她相信他是清白的。SheneededtofindawaytoconvinceMichelhewaswrong.她需要想辦法使米歇爾相信他錯了。【高考鏈接】Idon’tbelievewhatyousaid,butifyoucanproveit,youmaybeableto_____me.(江西卷)A.convinceB.informC.guaranteeD.refuse(A)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Iamquiteconvinced______herexperienceinit.(of)I'mnotcompletely_______(that)heknewtheimportanceofpractice.(convinced)Hisspeechwasso_______(convince)thateveryonepresentbelievedwhathesaid.(convincing)12.concernvt.關于;與…有關;涉及;牽涉;使擔心;使關心;使關注;n擔心;憂慮;關心【原句再現】 Whilerecently,manyhavebecomemoreconcernedaboutenvironmentalprotection,therearestillsomewhohaven’t,thinkingthatsomeoneelsewilldealwiththeproblem.(教材P33)【詞塊積累】concernoneselfwith…把…與…連一起concernedadj.有關的;有關聯的;擔憂的;關心的;關注的;關心的beconcernedwith/in與…有關；關注；關心beconcernedabout/for擔心；關心asfarassb.beconcerned就而言;關于concerningprep.關于variousquestionsconcerningpollutionandenvironment有關污染和環境的各種問題thegrowingconcernabout/for/overcontinuinghighunemployment對連續高失業的不斷關注對居高不下的失業率的日益擔憂【精品例句】ThefilmconcernsagirlwhogoestoAfricaasavolunteer.這部電影講的是一個女孩到非洲當志愿者的故事Pleasepayattentionbecausethisinformationconcernsallofyou.請注意，因為這條消息涉及你們每一個人Myfather’sillnessconcernsusgreatly.父親的病情使我們很擔心Agooddoctorshouldalwaysconcernhimselfwithhispatients.好醫生應當時時刻刻關心他的病人Iappreciateeveryone'sconcernandhelpatthisdifficulttime.在此困難時刻，我很感激每個人對我的關心和幫助I'mabitconcernedabout/forhersafety.我有點擔心她的安全Morepeopleareconcernedwiththeprotectionofendangeredanimals.更多的人關注瀕危動物的保護工作AsfarasI'mconcerned,youcandowhatyoulike.就我個人而言，你想做什么都可以【高考鏈接】I'mdoingfineasfarashistory____(concern)concerned,butmymathisnotgood.(安徽卷)(isconcerned)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Peopleconcerned_______theeventwereallpunished.(with/in)13.comeup走近，上來，被提出【原句再現】Soonafter,however,problemscameupandthe“whitebikes”alldisappeared–thievesstolethemallinamatterofweeks!(教材P37)【詞塊積累】comeacross偶然發現comeintosight/view進入視線;被看見cometoanend/astop結束/停止cometoadecision/aconclusion/anagreement作出決定/得出結論/達成協議cometruecomeabout(尤指未經計劃地)發生;產生comealong一起來;出現;進展comearound/round拜訪;探訪comefrom出生于;來自;產自;源自于comedown下來，comeupwith想出;提出，提供whenitcomesto(doing)sth.在說到/談到…【精品例句】Mayallyourdreamscometrue!祝你們夢想成真!Pleasetellmehowtheaccidentcameabout.請告訴我事故是怎么發生的Thefloodcameaboutasaresultoftheheavyrain.大雨引發了洪水Whenreadingarticlesrelatedtoscience,weoftencomeacrossdifficultorunfamiliarwords.讀與科學相關的文章時，我們常常碰到難詞或生詞Areyousureyoureallywantallourfriendstocomealong?你確定你真想讓我們的朋友都一起來嗎?Thepatientiscomingalongwellaftertheoperation.手術后病人的狀況良好Comearoundwhenyouhavetime.有空時過來玩吧。DoyouknowanyChinesewordsthatcomefromEnglish?你知道一些來自英語的漢語詞語嗎?Comeon!Wedon'thavemuchtime.快點!我們時間不多了Therainstoppedandthesuncameout.雨停了，太陽出來了。Comeup!I'mupstairs!上來!我在樓上!Hecameuptomeandaskedmethewaytothestation.他走近我，問我去車站的路怎么走Althoughagainstmyopinion,theoldprofessordidn'tcomeupwithhisown.盡管老教授不同意我的意見，但他也沒有提出自己的意見【高考鏈接】1.--Hi,DrBrown!I'malittleearly.ShouldIwaitoutside?--No.____(福建卷)(C)A.That'srightB.MypleasureC.ComeoninD.Takeiteasy2.Isthisyournecklace,Mary?Icame_________itwhenIwascleaningthebathroomthismorning.(湖北課改)(across)3.Wouldyouliketocome____withustothefilmtonight?(全國課改)(along)4.--Haveyoucomeup______somenewideas?--Yeah.I’lltellyoulater.（四川卷）(with)5.--Fourdollarsapair?Ithinkit'sabittoomuch.（河北卷）--Ifyoubuythreepairs,thepriceforeachwillcome____tothreefifty.(down)6.It'salready10o'clock.Iwonderhowitcame_____thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.（全國卷）(about)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhen____cametomemorizingfacts.(it)When___comestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness.(it)Hisfirstnovelhasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcame__lastmonth.(out)14.fortunatelyadv.幸運地【原句再現】Fortunately,peoplearetryingdifferentwaysofsolvingthoseproblems.(教材P37)【詞塊積累】fortunen.機遇，運氣；時運，命運；財產，大筆的錢tellsb’sfortune給某人算命makeafortune=makeone’sfortune發財，發跡alargefortune一大筆錢seekone'sfortune外出找出路tryone'sfortune碰運氣fortunateadj.幸運的befortunatetodosth./indoingsth.幸運地做某事【精品例句】Ifyoudon’tworkhard,nofortunewillcome.如果你不努力，機會是不會來的Whatwillbeourfortune?我們的命運如何？Hereceivedalargefortunewhenhisuncledied.他叔父去世時，他得到了一大筆錢Thefortunesethimfreefromfinancialworries.這筆錢使他不必為經濟問題擔憂Mr.Parkerworkedinasmallcompanyfortwoyearsandthenhewentabroadtoseek/tryhisfortune.帕克先生在一家小公司里工作了兩年，然后就出國碰運氣了Nowadaysmanyyoungpeopledreamofmakingafortuneinbigcities.現在許多年輕人夢想在大城市里發財Tohisjoy，hehad/hasthefortunetotrainwithsomeoftheworld’stopathletes使他感到高興的是，他有幸與一些世界頂級的運動員一起訓練【高考鏈接】TheChinesedragonisabringerofgood_______(fortunate).(陜西卷)(fortune)【考點訓練】在空白處填入適當內容（一個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式Hedreamedofmakinghis______(fortunately)andreceivingalotofmoney.(fortune)●本單元重要詞組15.inadditionto…除….以外還Inadditiontoherresearch,shehasbeenwhole-heartedlycommittedtoenvironmentalprotection.(教材P31)Inadditiontomyweeklywage,Igotalotoftips