（3）社教科普類_2022屆新高考英語二輪復習閱讀理解

專練

1.Everwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?Yes,sayresearchersastheyhavefound

thattalenteddogsmayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearingthemonlyfour

times.

Whilepreviousevidenceseemstoshowthatmostdogsdonotlearnwords,unless

eventuallyverywelltrained,afewindividualshaveshownsomeextraordinaryabilities,

accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScientificReports.

，zWewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifteddogsmaylearnnovelwords”

saidresearcherClaudiaFugazzafromtheEotvosLordndUniversityinHungary.Forthestudy,

theteaminvolvedtwogifteddogs,WhiskyandVickyNina.Theteamexposedthedogsto

thenewwordsintwodifferentconditions.

Intheexclusion-basedtask,presentedwithsevenknowntoysandonenewtoy,the

dogswereabletoselectthenewtoywhenpresentedwithanewname.Researcherssaythis

provesthatdogscanchoosebyexclusionwhenfacedwithanewword,theyselectedthe

onlytoywhichdidnothaveaknownname.

However,thiswasnotthewaytheywouldlearnthenameofthetoy.Infact,when

theywerepresentedwithonemoreequallynewnametotesttheirabilitytorecognizethe

toybyitsname,thedogsgottotallyconfusedandfailed.

Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayedwiththeirownerswho

pronouncedthenameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,provedtobethesuccessful

waytolearnthenameofthetoy,evenafterhearingitonly4times."Therapidlearning

thatweobservedseemstoequalchildren'sabilitytolearnmanynewwordsatafastrate

aroundtheageof18months,〃Fugazzasays."Butwedonotknowwhetherthelearning

mechanisms（機制）behindthislearningarethesameforhumansanddogs.，z

Totestwhethermostdogswouldlearnwordsthisway,20otherdogsweretested

inthesamecondition,butnoneofthemshowedanyevidenceoflearningthetoynames,

confirmingthattheabilitytolearnwordsrapidlyintheabsenceofformaltrainingis

veryrareandisonlypresentinafewgifteddogs.

1.WhatwasthepurposeofthestudypublishedinScientificReports?

A.Tobettertraindogs，abilitytolearnnewwords.

B.Tofurtherconfirmpreviousevidenceaboutdogs.

C.Toproveextraordinarymemoryabilitiesofgifteddogs.

D.Toexplorefavorableconditionsforgifteddogs，new-wordlearning.

2.Howdidthedogsreactwhenexposedtotwonewnamesinthefirstcondition?

A.Slowtounderstand.B.Quicktolearn.C.Ataloss.1）.Inapanic.

3.Whatwasfoundaboutdogs'new-wordlearninginthesocialcondition?

A.Learningthroughplayingappliedtomostdogs.

B.Thesocialconditionhelpeddogslearnnewwords.

C?Dogs'new-wordlearningturnedouttobelesseffective.

D.Dogssharedsimilarlearningmechanismswithchildren.

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GiftedDogsCanLearnNewWordsRapidly.

B.DogsIdentifyNewly-namedToysbyExclusion.

C.DogsCanAcquireVocabularythroughTonsofTraining.

D.GiftedDogsHaveSimilarLearningAbilitiestoHumans.

2.Researchersstudied438kidsandtheirparentstoknowparents，influenceon

students，learning.Beforeaschoolyearstarted,theresearchersaskedparentstowrite

downhowanxioustheywouldfeelindifferentsituationsconnectedwithmath-likeplanning

theirmoneyspendingorcheckingtheirhouse，ssize.Theyalsocheckedtheirchildren's

mathanxietyinaschoolyear.

Thestudyfoundkidswhoseparentswereanxiousaboutmathlearnedlessmathover

theschoolyear.Andthesekidsdidn，tperformaswellonthetestsasthosewhohadn，t

beenexposedtomathanxiety.Besides,thesekidsalsoweremorelikelytobecomenervous

aboutmaththemselves.Thesekidswill“caught“thatanxietyiftheirparentshadoften

triedtohelpwiththeirhomework.Thisisanexampleofgoodintentionshavingabadresult.

Thestudy'sresultappearedinPsychologicalScience.ErinMaloneyledthestudy.As

someonewhohaspersonallyexperiencedmathanxiety,shesays,“Iwasalwaysverynervous

aboutmath,notonlytakingtestsbutalsolearningthenewconcepts（概念）.SoIreally

triedtobalkatmath,includingfindingexcusestomissmathtestsandnotwantingto

domathhomework."Itwasonlyaftershesawhowmathcouldbeappliedtoherpassion

thatshestartedtoenjoymath.

However,parentswithmathanxietyshouldstillsupporttheirkidsasthekidswork

onmathhomework.Buttheyshouldknowhelpingkidswithschoolworkrequiresmorethan

justgoingoverfactsandconcepts.Parentsshouldhelpkidslookforwaystohavefun

withmath,likeplayingmath-basedgames.Whenkidshavedifficultyinlearning,encourage

themtobravelyfaceit—butdon，tmakethemnervous.Whatcanstudentsdoifthey*re

alreadynervousaboutmath?Maloneysays,“Myearlierstudyshowedthatstudentswhowrote

downtheirfearsofmathbeforetakingamathtestperformedbetterinthattest.After

thewritingprocess,manystudentssaidtheirfearsweren*tsuchabigdeal.”

1.Whatwerethe438kids'parentsaskedtopresent?

A.Theirattitudestoschooleducation.

B.Theiropinionsonkids'mathability.

C.Theirwaystosolvekids'mathanxiety.

D.Theirmathanxietylevelsintheirdailylife.

2.WhatresultdidMaloney'steamreportinPsychologicalScience?

A.Kidsaremorelikelytobeafraidofmath.

B.Someparentspaylittleattentiontotheirkids'study.

C.Kidscanpickupnegativethoughtsaboutmathfromtheirparents.

D.Parentsshouldhelpwiththeirkids'homeworkaslittleaspossible.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“balkat“inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Enjoy.B.Avoid.C.Teach.D.Understand.

4.WhatadvicewouldMaloneyprobablygivetostudentsontheirmathanxiety?

A.Workingcloselywiththeirmathteachers.

B.Seekinghelpduringtheirlearningprocess.

C.Sparingsometimetogoovertheirnotesdaily.

D.Removingmathanxietybyadmittingittothemselves.

3.Pigsmaybemoreintelligentthanpeoplethought,asshowninastudywherepigs

usedajoystick（操縱桿）andplayedavideogame.Researchersused2-year-oldPanepinto

micropigscalledEbonyandIvory,aswellasHamletandOmelet,3-montholdYorkshirepigs.

Researchersfirsttaughtthesepigshowtoplaywithajoystick,teachingthemtheword,

“joystick”.Next,onthewords“watchthescreen,theylearnedhowtowatchtargetson

thescreen.Ofcourse,praisewasgiventotheactivepigswinningagame.

Duringtheexperiment,allpigsperformedwell.Astheybecamemoresuccessful,the

levelofdifficultyincreased,justlikeinhumanvideogames!Atfirst,thepigshadto

hitathree-walledtargetwhichwasthenreducedtotwowallsandthenonewall.

Allpigsdidwellwiththethree-walledtargets,however,thePanepintopigsperformed

betteronthemoredifficultlevels.OnedisadvantagefortheYorkshirepigswasthatthey

simplygrewsolargethattheycouldnolongerfitintheirtest.Afterafewmonths,Omelet

andHamletweretakenawayfromtheexperiment.

Dr.CandaceCroney,aleadinganimalbehaviorscientistinCambridge,said,“The

findingsofthestudyareimportantbecausewhatwedotopigsmatterstothem.Itwould

beniceforpeopletorealizehowspecialpigsare,andhowmuchmoreintelligentthey

maybethanwerecognized.Theresearcherssaidthatthepig'sactionsweredeliberate.

Thisledthemtobelievethatpigswereabletosuccessfullydonewtasks.

“Itmayencourageotherresearcherstousetouchscreensandcomputertechnology

tostudypig'sintelligenceinthefuture,“Croneysaid.Theteamhopesthistypeof

researchwillmakepeoplepaymoreattentiontothisfarmanimalandshowpeoplehowthey

canchangethelivesofanimals.

1.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothepigsatthebeginning?

A.Theystudiedtheirhabits

B.Theygavethemenoughfood

C.Theytrainedthemtoplayagame

D.Theygavethemspecialnames

2.Whatcouldwefindaboutthepigsintheexperiment?

A.Theycouldkeepfocusedforalongtime

B.Theytriedhardtowinthegamesforpraise

C.Theydidallthetaskswithoutanydifficulty

D.Theygothardertasksastheirperformanceimproved

3.WhatmadeOmeletandHamletunsuitablefortheexperimentlater?

A.TheirweightB.Theirbodysize

C.TheirpowerD.Theirintelligence

4.WhatisCroney，sattitudetowardstheresultsofthestudy?

A.PositiveB.DoubtfulC.UncertainD.Surprised

4.Nowscientistshavediscoveredthefirstevidence（證據）thattheanimalsactually

behaveliketheirmasters.Justlikechildren,theyusea“lookandlearn“waywhich

meanstheycanmimic（模仿）humanJsactionswhengoingabouttheirtasks.

BiologistsandpsychologistsattheuniversitiesofViennaandOxforddesignedan

experimenttotestthetheory（理論）thatdogsdohavetheabilitytocopywhattheysee,

usingasimplewoodenbox.Inthestudy,tenownersshowedtheirdogshowtoopenthewooden

box,sometimesusingtheirheadstopushahandleandsometimesusingtheirhands.

Inthefirstpartofthetest,fivedogswererewardedwithapieceofsausagefor

copyingtheirowners'actions.Theotherfivewererewardedwithfoodfornotcopying,

andusingothermethods.Witheachdogtheexperimentwasrepeatedhundredsoftimes,and

thetimetakenforadogtogetit“right”on85percentofattempts（嘗試）（17goesout

of20）wasrecorded.Thedogsthatwereencouragedtomirrortheirownersreachedthis

pointalmostthreetimessooneronaveragethanthoserewardedfornotcopyingthem.In

thesecondpartofthetest,al1thedogswereonlyrewardedforcopyingthemethodtheir

ownersused.Thefivedogspreviously（先前）rewardedforcopyingtheirownersreachedthe

85percentmarkmorethantwiceastheotherfive.

InapaperpublishedinProceedingoftheRoyalSociety,theyconcluded,“Like

humans,dogscan'thelpimitatingactionstheysee."Goingfurther,theysaid,“The

resultssuggesttheimitative（模仿的）behaviorofdogsisshapedmorebytheir

developmentalinteractionswithhumansthanbytheirevolutionary（進化的）historyof

domestication（馴化）.“

CarolineKisko,fromtheKennelclub,said,"Adog'sbehaviorisinfluencedmuch

likethatofachildlearningrightfromwrongandusingsimilarpatternsofbehavior.

Wehopethatownersunderstandtheimportanceoftheiractionsandusethisknowledgeto

setgoodexamplesandthereforepositivelyinfluencethebehavioroftheirpets.”

1.What*sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.DogsAreIntelligentAnimals.B.DogsArelikeChildrenMost.

C.DogsBehavelikeTheirMasters.D.DogsCanCompleteSimpleTasks.

2.Theresearchersbelievedogs'imitativebehaviorcomesmainlyfrom.

A.human-doginteractionsB.humanrewards

C.evolutionD.domestication

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Mastersshouldinfluencetheirdogsasearlyaspossible.

B.Aman,sbadbehaviormayinfluencehisdog.

C.Dogscan'tbeinfluencedbymeneasily.

D.Dogsalwaysbehavepositively.

5.Haveyoueverheardsomeonesay“Youtotallylooklikeyou'reaJessica”or

somethingsimilar?Peopleseemtothinkthattheyknowwhatkindofpersona,Jessica”

ora“Michael”lookslike.Whyisthis?

AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,

humanstendtoassociatepeople'snameswiththeirappearances,andcanevenguess

someoneJsnamebasedonhowtheylook.

ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,Israel,collectedthousandsof

photosofpeople?sfaces.Theylabeled（貝占標簽于）eachphotowithfournames.Then,they

askedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.

Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38%ofthetime.Itseemsthat

certaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeoneJsname,Reader'sDigest

reported.

However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.In

addition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhoused

nicknames（昵稱）moreoftenthantheirrealnames.ThismayshowthatapersonJsappearance

isaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.

“Thiskindofface-namematchinghappensbecauseofaprocessofself-fulfilling

prophecy（預言），aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome,“RuthMayofromtile

universitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.

Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgender（性另ij）andracestereotypes（亥！J板印象）can

affectapersonJsappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypes

aboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfaces

becausetheworditselflooksround.PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.

Theyexpectthemtobe“delicate"and“female”,justliketheflowertheyarenamed

for.

1.Howisthisarticledeveloped?

A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byaskingquestions.

C.Bydoinganexperiment.D.Bycomparingdifferentcases.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?

A.Volunteersfounditmucheasiertoguessnicknames.

B.Nameshavedifferentassociationsindifferentcultures.

C.Volunteerscouldguessthecharacteristicsoftheinterviewees.

D.Thepeopleinthephotosandvolunteerswerefromthesameculture.

3.WhydosomepeoplelookliketheirnamesaccordingtoRuthMayo?

A.Theywanttopleaseeveryonearoundthem.

B.Theydon,twanttobedifferentfromothers.

C.Theytendtobecomewhatothersexpectthemtobecome.

D.Theyliketocopyfamouspeoplewhosharethesamename.

4.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Whatdeterminesournames

B.Whywelooklikeournames

C.Howwegetridofourstereotypes

D.Howstereotypesaffectpeople'slooks

6.Itisatalltalethatterrifiesmostyoungchildren.Swallowpieceofchewing

gumanditwillremaininyourbodyforsevenyearsbeforeitisdigested（消化）.Aneven

worsetaleisthatswallowedgumcanwrapitselfaroundyourheart.

Butwhatdoeshappenifyoushouldaccidentallyeatastickofgum?Chewinggumis

madeoutofgumbase,sweeteners,coloringandflavoring.Thegumbaseispretty

indigestible,itisamixtureofdifferentingredient（成分）thatourbodycan,tabsorb（吸

收）.

Mostofthetime,yourstomachreallycannotbreakdownthegumthewayitwould

breakdownotherfoods.However,yourdigestivesystemhasanotherwaytodealwiththings

youeat.Afterall,weeatlotsofthingsthatweareunabletofullydigest.Theykeep

movingalonguntiltheymakeitallthewaythroughthegut（腸子）andcomeoutattheother

endoneortwodayslater.

Thesaliva（唾液）inourmouthswillmakeanattemptatdigestingchewinggumas

soonasweputitinourmouths.Jtmightgetthroughtheshellbutmanyofgum'sbase

ingredientsareindigestible.It'sthendowntoourstomachmuscles-whichcontract（收

縮）andrelax,muchlikethewayanearthwormmovestoslowlyforcethethingsthatweswallow

throughoursystems.

Swallowingahugepieceofgumorswallowingmanysmallpiecesofguminashort

timecancauseablockagewithinthedigestivesystem,mostofteninchildren,whohave

athinnerdigestivetubethanadults-butthisisextremelyrare.

1.Childrenmightfeelterrifiedafterswallowingchewinggummainlybecause.

A.theybelievethetalltalesaboutchewinggum

B.chewinggumwillstayintheirbodyforyears

C.theirheartwillbewrappedbychewinggum

D.chewinggumisindigestibleforchildren

2.Whathappenstothefoodthatcan，tbefullybrokendown?

A.Itremainsinourdigestivesystemforever.

B.Itwillbeeventuallymovedoutofourbody.

C.Itwillfightagainstthepowerofthegut.

D.Itwillsticktothegutforoneortwodays.

3.Theword"It"inthe4thparagraphrefersto.

A.theattempt.B.thesalivaC.theshellD.thegumbase

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitlefortext?

A.Howdoesourdigestivesystemwork?

B.Canchewinggumbeswallowedbykids?

C.Doesswallowingchewinggummatter?

D.Whyswallowingchewinggumfrightenskids?

7.InastudypublishedinNatureMachineIntelligence,researchersatOhioState

Universityshowhowartificialintelligence（AI）canfollowclinicaltrialstoidentify

drugsforre-purposing,asolutionthatcanhelpadvanceinnovativetreatments.

Re-purposingdrugsislegalandnotunusual.Whendoctorsprescribe（開處方）drugsthat

havebeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）forpurposesdifferentfrom

whatisprintedonthelabels,thedrugsarebeingused“off-label”.Justbecauseadrug

isFDA-approvedforaspecifictypeofdiseasedoesnotpreventitfromhavingpossible

benefitsforotherpurposes.

Forexample,Metformin,adrugthatisFDA-approvedfortreatingtype2diabetes,

isalsousedtotreatPCOS（adiseaseofwomen）,andotherdiseases.Trazodone,an

anti-depressantwithFDA-approvaltotreatdepression,isalsoprescribedbydoctorsto

helptreatpatientswithsleepissues.

TheOhioStateUniversityresearchteamcreatedanAIdeeplearningmodelfor

predictingtreatmentprobabilitywithpatientdataincludingthetreatment,outcomes,and

potentialcon-founders（干擾因素）.

Con-foundersarerelatedtotheexposureandoutcome.Forexample,aconnectionis

identifiedbetweenmusicfestivalsandincreasesinskinrashes（紅疹）.Musicfestivals

donotdirectlycauseskinrashes.Inthiscase,onepossibleconfoundingfactorbetween

thetwomaybeoutdoorheat,asmusicfestivalstendtorunoutdoorswhenthetemperature

ishigh,andheatisaknowncauseforrashes.Whenworkingwithreal-worlddata,

con-founderscouldnumberinthethousands.AIdeeplearningiswell-suitedtofind

patternsinthecomplexityofpotentiallythousandsofcon-founders.

Theresearcherteamusedcon-foundersincludingpopulationdataandco-prescribed

drugs.Withthisproof-of-concept,nowclinicianshaveapowerfulAItooltorapidly

discovernewtreatmentsbyre-purposingexistingmedications.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutadrugusedoff-label?

A.Itissoldwithoutalabel.

B.Itisavailableatalowprice.

C.Itsusesextendbeyondtheoriginalones.

D.Itsclinicaltrialsarerejectedbydoctors.

2.MetforminandTrazodonearesimilarasbothofthem

A.areusedoff-labelB.treatrarediseases

C.resultinsleepissuesD.aremedical

breakthroughs

3.Whatcanbeinferredabout“con-founders”?

A.Theyarepossibletreatments.

B.Theyareenvironmentalfactors.

C.Theycanbeeasilyrecognizedinreal-worlddata.

D.Theyshouldbetakenintoseriousconsideration.

4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.AIexaminesbenefitsofexistingdrugs.

B.AIidentifiesoff-labelusesfordrugs.

C.AIfindsnewdrugsforcommondiseases.

D.AIprovesthepowerofdrugresearch.

8.Middle-agedspreadcannotbeblamedonadecliningmetabolism（新陳代謝），

accordingtoananalysisofthebody,senergyuse.

Thestudy,of6,400people,fromeightdaysolduptoage95,in29countries,

suggeststhemetabolismremains“rocksolid“throughoutmid-life.Itpeaksattheage

ofone,isstablefrom20to60andthenunavoidabledeclines.Thestudy,publishedin

thejournalScience,foundfourphasesofmetaboliclife:Firstperiod,birthtoageone,

whenthemetabolismshiftsfrombeingthesameasthemother*stoalifetimehigh50%

abovethatofadults.Secondperiod,agentleslowdownuntiltheageof20,withnosharp

changeduringalltheprocessofadolescence.Thirdperiod,nochangeatallbetweenthe

agesof20and60.Fourthperiod,apermanentdecline,withyearlyfallsthat,by90,leave

metabolism26%lowerthaninmid-life.

ProfJohnSpeakman,oneoftheresearchers,fromtheUniversityofAberdeen,said,

“Themostsurprisingthingformeisthatthereisnochangethroughoutadulthood一if

youareexperiencingmid-lifespreadyoucannolongerblameitonadecliningmetabolic

rate.”

People'smetabolismwasmeasuredusingdoublylabelledwater（雙標水）.Butdoubly

labelledwaterisincrediblyexpensive,soittookresearchersworkingtogetheracross

29countriestogatherdataon6,400people.

Theresearcherssaidfullyunderstandingthechangingmetabolismcouldhavea

possibleimpactonmedicine.ProfHermanPontzerfromDukeUniversitysaiditcouldhelp

revealwhethercancersspreaddifferentlyasthemetabolismchangesandifdrugdosescould

beadjustedduringdifferentphases.ProfTomSanders,fromKing,sCollegeLondon,

said:uInterestingly,theyfoundveryfewdifferencesintotalenergyusebetweenearly

adultlifeandmiddleage-atimewhenmostadultsindevelopedcountriesputonweight”.

Thesefindingswouldsupporttheviewthattheobesityepidemicisfuelledbyexcessfood

energyintakeandnotadeclineinenergyuse.

1.Whatdotheresearchersfindaboutthemetabolism?

A.Itgraduallydeclinesforadults.

B.Thehighestmetabolicrateisatage20.

C.Itreachesthehighestpointinchildhood.

D.Itsdeclinehaslittletodowithmiddle-agedspread.

2.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?

A.Science.B.Business.C.Entertainment.D.Culture.

3.What'sthedifficultywhenconductingthestudy?

A.Thehighcost.B.Thelongresearchtime.

C.Limitedmedicaltechnology.D.Selectionofresearchobjects.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.thechangingmetabolismcouldleadtocancers.

B.mostadultsgainweightbecauseoftakingintoomuchfood.

C.energyusekeepsthesamefromearlyadultlifetomiddleage.

D.Sandersthoughtdrugdosescouldbeadjustedduringdifferentphases.

答案以及解析

1.答案:1-4DCBA

解析：1.細節理解題。根據第三段"，Wewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifted

dogsmaylearnnovelwords,'saidresearcherxuekwClaudiaFugazzafromtheEotvosLordnd

UniversityinHungary.”（匈牙利EotvosLordnd大學的研究員ClaudiaFugazza說:"我們想知

道這些有天賦的狗在什么情況下可以學習新單詞。）可知研究的目的是想探索出狗在什么情況下可

以學習新單詞。故選D。

2.細節理解題。根據第五段“Infact,whentheywerepresentedwithonemoreequallynewname

totesttheirabilitytorecognizethetoybyitsname,thedogsgottotallyconfusedand

failed."（事實上，當給它們一個同樣的新名字來測試它們通過名字識別玩具的能力時?，狗完全困

惑了，并失敗了。）可知，在第一種環境下狗非常的困惑。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段"Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayed

withtheirownerswhopronouncedthenameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,proved

tobethesuccessfulwaytolearnthenameofthetoy,evenafterhearingitonly4

times."（另一種情況是社會性的，在這種情況下,狗狗和它們的主人一起玩耍,主人在和狗狗玩耍

的同時念出了玩具的名字。結果證明，即使只聽了4次,狗狗也能成功地記住玩具的名字。）可推此

在社會性條件下可以幫助狗狗學習新的單詞。故選B。

4.主旨大意題。根據第一段“Everwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?Yes,sayresearchers

astheyhavefoundthattalenteddogsmayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearing

themonlyfourtimes."（想知道狗狗能不能學會新單詞嗎?是的,研究人員稱，因為他們發現，聰明

的狗狗可能只聽四次就能掌握新單詞。）以及文章中的案例,可知本篇文章主要講述的是有天賦的狗

能快速學習新單詞。故選A。

2.答案：1.Dj2.C;3.B;4.D

解析：1.細節理解題。根據第一段中的"theresearchersaskedparentstowritedown...checking

theirhouse'ssize”可知，這些家長被要求提供他們日常生活中在不同情況下對數學的焦慮程度。

2.推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“kidswhoseparentswereanxiousaboutmathlearnedless

math...thosewhohadn'tbeenexposedtomathanxiety”可推斷，孩子從父母那里得到了關于

數學的負面想法,父母對數學的焦慮可能會影響孩子的數學學習。

3.詞義猜測題。根