天一大聯(lián)考2023—2024學(xué)年高中畢業(yè)班階段性測(cè)試（四）英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acupboard.B.Aclub.C.Atheft.2.Whendidthefilmstart?A.At2:15pm.B.At2:30pm.C.At2:45pm.3.WhatwillthespeakersbuyforGeorge’sbirthday?A.Apet.B.Abook.C.Acake.4.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthewoman?A.Shealsoleftthegameearly.B.Shemissedthewholegame.C.Sheiscuriousabouttheresult.更多課件教案等優(yōu)質(zhì)滋元可家威杏MXSJ6635.Wheredoestheconversationprobablylakeplace?A.Inagym,B.Onamountain.C.Athome.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答吋間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’sthewealherprobablyliketoday?ASunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.7.Whatdothespeakersagreewithabouttakingatrain?A.Itissafer.B.Itisfaster.C.Itischeaper.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnThursday.B.Ontheweekend.C.OnFriday.9.Whatdoesthemando?A.Hecleanshouses.B.Hedoespaperwork.C.Hesellshouses.10.Whatwillthewomando?A.SellherhouseinSpringfield.B.Recommendthemantoherfriend.C.Gototheman’sofficetomorrow.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthepartyfor?A.Apromotion.B.Anewhouse.C.Ananniversary.12.Howmanypeoplewillbeinvited?A.About50.B.About115.C.About150.13.Whatdoesthemanhopetodo?A.Movetothenewhouse.B.VisithisfriendsonSaturday.C.Spendenoughtimewithhisfamily.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Studyingforanexam.B.Acomputergamethemanisplaying.C.Aclasspresentationthey’repreparing.15.Whatisthemandoingwhenthewomanenters?A.He’swritinghisreport,B.He’stakinganonlinebiologytest.C.He’stakingabreakfromstudying.16.Howdoesthemanfeelwhenthewomanwantstojoinhim?A.Excited.B.Surprised.C.Disappointed.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthelaboratoryinstructor?A.Dr.Smith.B.Dr.James.C.Dr.Hayes.18.Inwhatconditionwillone’snamebemovedaway?A.Ifheislatetwice.B.Ifhemissesthreeclasses.C.Ifhebreaksthemicroscope.19.Whatisforbiddeninthelaboratory?A.Drinking.B.Wearinglargeclothes.C.Touchingthetabletop.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Coursesthestudentsshouldcomplete.B.Instructionsthestudentsshouldfollow.C.Experimentsthestudentsshoulddo.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ALondonCycleHireSchemeRentingabikeisnotonlyoneofthemostpleasantwaystotravelaroundthebackstreetsofLondon,it’salsooneofthecheapest.Approximately12,000bikesareavailabletorent24hoursaday,allyearround.Youcanhireabikefromanyofthe800dockingstationsandreturnitanywhereonthenetwork.Thethree-speedbikesareprettystrong.Theycomewithabell,afrontbasketandachainguard.Thefrontandbacklightscomeonwhenyoustartpedallingandtheseatheightiseasilyadjustable.Howmuchdoesitcost?Unfortunately,thefreeunder-30-mimite-ridedealwascanceledinSeptember2022.?￡1.65per30minutesHowtohireabike?Therearetwowaystohireabike—ataclockingstationterminalorviaanapp(theeasierway).Atadockingstation?Touchthescreenandinsertacreditordebitcard.Themachinewillprintareceiptwithareleasecode.?Enterthereleasecode.Waituntilthegreenlightflashes,pulloutyourbikeandgo.ViatheSantandercyclehireappSmartphoneuserscannowuseaniOSorAndroidapptohireandpayforahike.However,usingtheappdoesnotreserveabike.Youstillonlyhave10minutestousethereleasecode,somakesureyou’renearthedockingstationwhenyouuseit.Pleasenote:Youhavetobe18orovertopayforabikeYoualsoneedacreditordebitcard—cashisnotaccepted.1.Howmuchshouldyoupayforrentingabikefor2hours?A.￡1.65. B.￡3.3. C.￡4.95. D.￡6.6.2.Whatshouldyoupayattentiontowhenrentingabikeviaanapp?A.Providingyourpersonalinformation. B.Takingenoughcash.C.Mindingthetimelimit. D.Makingareservation.3.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Bikerentalservice. B.Adockingstation. C.TravelinginLondon. D.Abikehiringapp.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦自行車(chē)租賃計(jì)劃，包括費(fèi)用、租用方式以及一些注意事項(xiàng)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Howmuchdoesitcost?”部分中的“?￡1.65per30minutes(每30分鐘1.65英鎊)”可知，租一輛自行車(chē)兩小時(shí)的費(fèi)用為：1.65*4=6.6英鎊。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“ViatheSantandercyclehireapp”部分中的“However,usingtheappdoesnotreserveabike.Youstillonlyhave10minutestousethereleasecode,somakesureyou’renearthedockingstationwhenyouuseit.(然而，使用該應(yīng)用程序并不能預(yù)訂自行車(chē)。你只有10分鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)使用釋放碼，所以在使用它的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)確保你在塢站附近。)”可知，當(dāng)我們通過(guò)app租賃自行車(chē)時(shí)需要注意時(shí)間限制，只有十分鐘來(lái)使用代碼。故選C。【3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“RentingabikeisnotonlyoneofthemostpleasantwaystotravelaroundthebackstreetsofLondon,it’salsooneofthecheapest.Approximately12,000bikesareavailabletorent24hoursaday,allyearround.Youcanhireabikefromanyofthe800dockingstationsandreturnitanywhereonthenetwork.(租一輛自行車(chē)不僅是游覽倫敦后街最愉快的方式之一，也是最便宜的方式之一。大約有12000輛自行車(chē)全年24小時(shí)可供租用。你可以從800個(gè)停靠站中的任何一個(gè)租用一輛自行車(chē)，然后在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的任何地方還車(chē)。)”以及文章標(biāo)題“LondonCycleHireScheme(倫敦自行車(chē)租賃計(jì)劃)”可知，文章主要介紹了倫敦的自行車(chē)租賃服務(wù)。故選A。BWe’veseensuchscenesoften:Needyfamiliesliningupforabagofdailynecessities—dryfoodstuff,cookingessentials,basictoiletries(化妝品).ButFooSayThye,56-year-oldco-founderoflocalvolunteergroupHeartwarmers,observedonecommonoccurrenceatthesedonationdrives:Wheneverbeneficiaries(受益者)receivethebags,mostwouldseemshyandunwillingtotalkandwouldleavethevenuealmostimmediately.Mkrealizedthatitisimportantnotjusttomeetthephysicalneedsofbeneficiaries,butalsoconsidertheirmentalandemotionalstateaswell.FooSayThyesaidthathewantedtotakesuchgoodiebagdistributionastepfurther.That’swhythegroupcameupwithProject100=50.“Whenwegivebagsofgroceriestofamilies,thesearedefault(默認(rèn))itemsdonatedbytheorganizers.Project100=50allowsparticipantstochoosewhatevertheyneedandwhattheyactuallywant,”saysSayThye.Project100=50isacommunityserviceeventthatsupportslow-tomiddle-incomefamiliesbycreatinga“minisupermarket”wherebeneficiariescanchoosetobuywhattheyneedathighlydiscountedprices.ItpartnerswithlocalsupermarketgroupShengSiong,whichsuppliesthesegroceriestoHeartwarmersataspecialrate.Discountsareeithercapped(限額收取)at50%ifbeneficiariesspend$100orlessorat$50iftheyspendmorethan§100.SayThyeexplains,“Providingthemwithachoiceonwhattogetatreducedpricesraisestheirself-esteemandself-confidence.Italsopromotesself-helpwhenbeneficiariescanstarttopayfortheirownnecessities.”Everymonth,differentGroupRepresentationConstituencies(GRCs)selectlow-tomiddle-incomefamilieswhodon’tqualifyforfinancialassistancefromtheGovernmentoragenciestoattendProject100=50events.DifferentGRCsusedifferentcriteriatochoosethebeneficiaries.VolunteerTanJunAn,21,saysthatthese‘‘sandwiched”familiesarestuckinbetweencategories.“Likemyownfamily,wearestuckinbetween.You’reneitherrichnorpoor,”hesays.“Becauseyoudon’tfallinanyothergroup,youcannotreceiveanybenefits.So,thisprojecthelpsthe‘sandwiched’”.4.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadinthetopic. B.Tostatetheauthor’sopinion.C.Toanalyzeaphenomenon. D.Tosharetheauthor’sroutine.5.WhywasProject100=50started?A.Tomakegroceriesaffordable. B.Toofferfinancialassistance.C.Tocompetewithsupermarkets. D.Toprovideemotionalsupport.6.WhichcanbestdescribeProject100=50probably?A.Professional. B.Meaningful. C.Profitable. D.Convincing.7.Whichwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheChallengesFacedbyNeedyFamiliesB.ANewWaytoHelpNeedyFamiliesC.TheImportanceofSelf-HelpforBeneficiariesD.GovernmentAssistanceFailingNeedyFamilies【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了100=50計(jì)劃幫助了需要幫助的人，并詳細(xì)介紹了該計(jì)劃的原因、運(yùn)行方式和意義。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“We’veseensuchscenesoften:Needyfamiliesliningupforabagofdailynecessities—dryfoodstuff,cookingessentials,basictoiletries(化妝品).ButFooSayThye,56-year-oldco-founderoflocalvolunteergroupHeartwarmers,observedonecommonoccurrenceatthesedonationdrives:Wheneverbeneficiaries(受益者)receivethebags,mostwouldseemshyandunwillingtotalkandwouldleavethevenuealmostimmediately.(我們經(jīng)常看到這樣的場(chǎng)景:貧困的家庭排隊(duì)領(lǐng)取一袋日常必需品——干糧、烹飪必需品、基本的洗漱用品。但當(dāng)?shù)刂驹刚呓M織Heartwarmmers的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人、56歲的FooSayThye注意到，在這些捐贈(zèng)活動(dòng)中有一個(gè)普遍現(xiàn)象:每當(dāng)受助者收到袋子時(shí)，大多數(shù)人看起來(lái)都很害羞，不愿意說(shuō)話，幾乎會(huì)立即離開(kāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。)”可知，第一段的作用是引入本文的話題，即100=50計(jì)劃。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Mkrealizedthatitisimportantnotjusttomeetthephysicalneedsofbeneficiaries,butalsoconsidertheirmentalandemotionalstateaswell.FooSayThyesaidthathewantedtotakesuchgoodiebagdistributionastepfurther.That’swhythegroupcameupwithProject100=50.(Mk意識(shí)到，重要的是不僅要滿(mǎn)足受益人的物質(zhì)需求，還要考慮他們的精神和情感狀態(tài)。FooSayThye說(shuō)，他想把這種派發(fā)禮袋的方式更進(jìn)一步。這就是該小組提出100=50計(jì)劃的原因。)”可知，啟動(dòng)100=50項(xiàng)目是為了給被救助者提供情感支持。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Mkrealizedthatitisimportantnotjusttomeetthephysicalneedsofbeneficiaries,butalsoconsidertheirmentalandemotionalstateaswell.FooSayThyesaidthathewantedtotakesuchgoodiebagdistributionastepfurther.That’swhythegroupcameupwithProject100=50.(Mk意識(shí)到，重要的是不僅要滿(mǎn)足受益人的物質(zhì)需求，還要考慮他們的精神和情感狀態(tài)。FooSayThye說(shuō)，他想把這種派發(fā)禮袋的方式更進(jìn)一步。這就是該小組提出100=50計(jì)劃的原因。)”和最后一段中“Becauseyoudon’tfallinanyothergroup,youcannotreceiveanybenefits.So,thisprojecthelpsthe‘sandwiched’.(因?yàn)槟悴粚儆谌魏纹渌后w，所以你不能得到任何好處。所以，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目幫助了那些被夾在中間的人。)”可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目幫助了那些被夾在中間的人，故很有意義。故選B。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Mkrealizedthatitisimportantnotjusttomeetthephysicalneedsofbeneficiaries,butalsoconsidertheirmentalandemotionalstateaswell.FooSayThyesaidthathewantedtotakesuchgoodiebagdistributionastepfurther.That’swhythegroupcameupwithProject100=50.(Mk意識(shí)到，重要的是不僅要滿(mǎn)足受益人的物質(zhì)需求，還要考慮他們的精神和情感狀態(tài)。FooSayThye說(shuō)，他想把這種派發(fā)禮袋的方式更進(jìn)一步。這就是該小組提出100=50計(jì)劃的原因。)”可知，文章主要介紹了100=50計(jì)劃幫助了需要幫助的人。故選B。CTraditionalChineseculturefeaturednoticeablyintheopeningandclosingceremoniesoftheHangzhouAsianGames.Whiletheystressedthesolarterms,thehe-heculture,meaningharmonyandcooperation,wasacommonthreadthatranthroughthem.Eachofthe24solartermscoincideswith(與……一致)eventsinthenaturalworld.Thetermswereputforwardmorethan2,000yearsagotoguidenotonlyagriculturalactivities,butalsocustomsconcerningfood,dressingandsociallife.Nowadays,althoughChinesepeoplerefertomoremodernsystemsindailylife,exceptforintheagriculturalarea,theymaintainastrongemotionalandculturalbondwiththesolartermsasremindersofthewit(才智),creativityanddiligence(勤奮)oftheirancestors.“IpreviouslyhadnoconnectiontoHangzhou,butnow,aftertheclosingceremony,IthinkIshareaspecialbondwiththiscity,saidWanLi,a22-year-oldcollegestudentatFujianNormalUniversity.“Watchingtheceremonywasalsoawonderfulchanceformetolearnaboutthehe-heculture,inwhichIwasuninterestedbefore.”KongXianglong,aresearchassistantwhoworkedinHangzhouonanAsianGamesresearchprogramandwatchedtheceremonies,expressedhisadmirationfortheshowaswellastheAsianGamesvolunteers,whohesaidwerewalkingexamplesofthehe-heculture.“Thedanceperformanceswereabsolutelyattractive,aperfectdisplayofthehe-heideaandahighlightoftheAsianGames,”KongtoldBeijingReview.“Theconsiderateservicethevolunteersprovidedeverydayactuallyinvitedpeopletolearnaboutthehe-heculture,whichmovedmealot.”P(pán)akistanicricketerMuhammadsaidhebelievesthattheopeningandclosingceremoniesplayedanimportantroleinbringingpeoplefromdifferentcountriestogether.“Isawalotofdifferentcountries’athletescomingtogether,sharingtheirculturesandperforming.Iseeahugesuccess,”hetoldXinhuaNewsAgency.8.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthesolarterms?A.Theythoroughlyguidemodernlife. B.Theybelongtothepast.C.Theylendtobeignored. D.Theyapplytofarming.9.HowdidtheclosingceremonyaffectWanLi?A.ItstimulatedherpassionforChineseculture.B.Itstrengthenedherbondwiththeworld.C.ItdeepenedherunderstandingoftheGames.D.Itrestoredherconfidenceintheathletes.10.WhatroledoesMuhammadthinktheceremoniesplay?A.Theybridgeculturaldifferences. B.TheyshowChinesephilosophy.C.Theyensureathletes’betterperformances. D.TheydemonstratethepowerofChina.11.Wheremaythetextbetakenfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Anewsreport. C.Sciencefiction. D.Atextbook.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)開(kāi)幕式和閉幕式中體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化特色，和諧與合作的文化是貫穿其中的一條共同主線。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thetermswereputforwardmorethan2,000yearsagotoguidenotonlyagriculturalactivities,butalsocustomsconcerningfood,dressingandsociallife.Nowadays,althoughChinesepeoplerefertomoremodernsystemsindailylife,exceptforintheagriculturalarea,theymaintainastrongemotionalandculturalbondwiththesolartermsasremindersofthewit(才智),creativityanddiligence(勤奮)oftheirancestors.(早在2000多年前，人們就提出了節(jié)氣，它不僅指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)，還指導(dǎo)有關(guān)飲食、著裝和社會(huì)生活的習(xí)俗。如今，盡管中國(guó)人在日常生活中使用更現(xiàn)代的制度，但除了在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，他們與節(jié)氣保持著強(qiáng)烈的情感和文化聯(lián)系，以提醒他們祖先的智慧、創(chuàng)造力和勤奮)”可知，節(jié)氣用于農(nóng)業(yè)。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Watchingtheceremonywasalsoawonderfulchanceformetolearnaboutthehe-heculture,inwhichIwasuninterestedbefore.(觀看閉幕式對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)也是一個(gè)了解他文化的好機(jī)會(huì)，我以前對(duì)他文化不感興趣)”可知，觀看閉幕式激發(fā)了萬(wàn)麗對(duì)文化的熱情。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“PakistanicricketerMuhammadsaidhebelievesthattheopeningandclosingceremoniesplayedanimportantroleinbringingpeoplefromdifferentcountriestogether.“Isawalotofdifferentcountries’athletescomingtogether,sharingtheirculturesandperforming.Iseeahugesuccess,”hetoldXinhuaNewsAgency.(巴基斯坦板球運(yùn)動(dòng)員穆罕默德說(shuō)，他認(rèn)為開(kāi)幕式和閉幕式在將不同國(guó)家的人們聚集在一起方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。“我看到很多不同國(guó)家的運(yùn)動(dòng)員聚集在一起，分享他們的文化和表演。我看到了巨大的成功，”他告訴新華社)”可知，穆罕穆德認(rèn)為開(kāi)幕式和閉幕式在將不同國(guó)家的人們聚集在一起，分享他們的文化和表演。由此推知，穆罕穆德認(rèn)為開(kāi)幕式和閉幕式彌合了人們之間的文化差異。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TraditionalChineseculturefeaturednoticeablyintheopeningandclosingceremoniesoftheHangzhouAsianGames.Whiletheystressedthesolarterms,thehe-heculture,meaningharmonyandcooperation,wasacommonthreadthatranthroughthem.(中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化在杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)的開(kāi)閉幕式上表現(xiàn)得尤為突出。雖然它們強(qiáng)調(diào)節(jié)氣，但和諧與合作的文化是貫穿其中的一條共同主線)”以及文章中對(duì)幾個(gè)人的采訪可推知，這篇文章也許來(lái)自一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選B。DWhenfooditemsarespecificallylabeledasvegan(素食)—indicatingtheyarepreparedwithnoanimalproducts,includingeggsorbutter—peoplearelesslikelytoselectthem,eventhoughitisbetterfortheplanetandfortheirhealth,accordingtoarecentexperiment.Growingandtransportingfoodaccountsforaquarterofallglobalgreenhousegasemissions,whichareacceleratingtheclimatecrisis.Ofthese,thevastmajoritycomefromprocesseslinkedtomealanddairyproduction,whichiswhyexpertsareadvisingsocietiestoshifttowardmoreplant-basedeating.“WehavetomakebigchangestohowweproduceandconsumefoodifwewanttoreachclimategoalsandfeedEarth’sever-growingpopulation,”saysRichardWaite,anexpertonfoodclimatepolicy.ButthestudyatMITindicatesthismayprovechallenging.Researchersaskedsome150peopleattendingseveraluniversityeventstochoosetheirlunchbetweentwooptions,oneofthemvegan.Choicesincludedvegetablevs.cheeseravioli(奶酪餛飩)andavegetablepotatowrapvs.aGreeksaladwithfeta(羊乳酪).Asimilarstudyofmealpreferenceswasalsoconductedonline.Halftherespondentsinbothstudiesrandomlyreceivedanorderforminwhichtheveganitemwaslabeled.Whenthisveganterminology(術(shù)語(yǔ))wasused,peoplewerelesslikelytoorderthedishthanwhenitwasnot.Forthein-personattendees,sometwo-thirdsmoreavoidedthedish.Aftertheresearchwaspublished,somepeopletoldthestudy’sleadauthor,AlexBerke,adoctoralstudentatMIT’sMediaLab,theresultswereunexpected.Butsheanticipatedtheoutcome.Berkeherselfbeganeatingvegetariandiet—aplant-basedonethatincludesdairyandeggs—atage10andadoptedavegandietthreeyearsagotohelptheclimate.“Anyonewhohasbeeneatingveganforawhilewouldnothesurprisedatthefindings,”saysBerke.“Becausethereisastrongbiasamongpeoplewhenitcomestovegetariandiet.”Environmentalistsarecleartheyarenoturgingeveryonetobecomevegetarians,but,ifpossible,toincludemoreplant-basedmeals.“Ifyoushiftathirdofyourbeefconsumptiontobeansandsoy,youreducetheclimateimpactofyourdietbyabout15percent,oneenvironmentalistsays.12.Whatdoestherecentexperimentfind?A.Peoplemakefoodchoicesrandomly. B.Vegan-labeledfoodsarelesspopular.C.Peopletendtoavoidmealproducts. D.Foodchoiceshaveahugeimpactonclimate.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Noonechosethefoodlabeledvegan.B.Thestudywasconductedonline.C.150universitystudentstookpartinthestudy.D.Berkethoughtthefindingswereunderstandable.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bias”inparagraph4mean?A.Similarity. B.Desire. C.Prejudice. D.Influence.15.Whatdoenvironmentalistssuggestpeopledo?A.Avoidplant-basedmeals. B.Becomevegetarianstotally.C.Reducemeatconsumption. D.Abandonmealproducts.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，當(dāng)食品被特別標(biāo)記為純素時(shí)，人們不太可能選擇它們，盡管這對(duì)地球和他們的健康都更好。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenfooditemsarespecificallylabeledasvegan(素食)—indicatingtheyarepreparedwithnoanimalproducts,includingeggsorbutter—peoplearelesslikelytoselectthem,eventhoughitisbetterfortheplanetandfortheirhealth,accordingtoarecentexperiment.(根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，當(dāng)食品被特別標(biāo)記為純素(表明它們不含動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品，包括雞蛋或黃油)時(shí)，人們不太可能選擇它們，盡管這對(duì)地球和他們的健康都更好。)”可知，最近的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明如果食品被特別標(biāo)記為純素時(shí)，人們不太可能會(huì)選擇它們。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Aftertheresearchwaspublished,somepeopletoldthestudy’sleadauthor,AlexBerke,adoctoralstudentatMIT’sMediaLab,theresultswereunexpected.Butsheanticipatedtheoutcome.Berkeherselfbeganeatingvegetariandiet—aplant-basedonethatincludesdairyandeggs—atage10andadoptedavegandietthreeyearsagotohelptheclimate.“Anyonewhohasbeeneatingveganforawhilewouldnothesurprisedatthefindings,”saysBerke.“Becausethereisastrongbiasamongpeoplewhenitcomestovegetariandiet.”(這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表后，一些人告訴該研究的主要作者、麻省理工學(xué)院媒體實(shí)驗(yàn)室的博士生AlexBerke，結(jié)果出乎意料。但她預(yù)料到了結(jié)果。Berke自己從10歲開(kāi)始吃素——一種以植物為基礎(chǔ)的飲食，包括乳制品和雞蛋——三年前開(kāi)始吃素，以幫助改善氣候。Berke說(shuō)：“任何吃素食一段時(shí)間的人都不會(huì)對(duì)這些發(fā)現(xiàn)感到驚訝。因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)素食有強(qiáng)烈的偏見(jiàn)。”)”可知，Berke博士已經(jīng)預(yù)料到了實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，并且認(rèn)為作為一名素食者，她表示可以理解。故選D。【14題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“Anyonewhohasbeeneatingveganforawhilewouldnothesurprisedatthefindings(任何吃素食一段時(shí)間的人都不會(huì)對(duì)這些發(fā)現(xiàn)感到驚訝)”以及上文提到的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果“Whenthisveganterminology(術(shù)語(yǔ))wasused,peoplewerelesslikelytoorderthedishthanwhenitwasnot.(當(dāng)使用這個(gè)素食術(shù)語(yǔ)時(shí)，人們點(diǎn)這道菜的可能性比不使用的時(shí)候要小。)”可知，人們對(duì)于素食內(nèi)心排斥，也就是有偏見(jiàn)。選項(xiàng)A“Similarity(相似)”；選項(xiàng)B“Desire(渴望)”；選項(xiàng)C“Prejudice(偏見(jiàn))”；選項(xiàng)D“Influence(影響)”。故選C。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Environmentalistsarecleartheyarenoturgingeveryonetobecomevegetarians,but,ifpossible,toincludemoreplant-basedmeals.“Ifyoushiftathirdofyourbeefconsumptiontobeansandsoy,youreducetheclimateimpactofyourdietbyabout15percent,oneenvironmentalistsays.(環(huán)保主義者很清楚，他們并不是在敦促每個(gè)人都成為素食主義者，而是，如果可能的話，包括更多的植物性食物。“如果你將三分之一的牛肉消費(fèi)轉(zhuǎn)向豆類(lèi)和大豆，你的飲食對(duì)氣候的影響就會(huì)減少約15%，”一位環(huán)保主義者說(shuō)。)”可知，環(huán)保主義者建議人們可以減少肉類(lèi)的消費(fèi)。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wanttofeelbetter,havemoreenergyandevenaddyearstoyourlife?Justexercise.Thehealthbenefitsofregularexerciseandphysicalactivityarehardtoignore.____16____Checkoutbelowhowexercisecanleadtoahappierandhealthieryou.Exercisecontrolsweight.Exercisecanhelppreventexcess(過(guò)多的)weightgainorhelpmaintainweightloss.Whenyouengageinphysicalactivity,youburncalories.Themoreintensetheactivityis,themorecaloriesyouburn.Regulartripstothegymaregreat,butdon’tworryifyoucan’tfindenoughtimetoexerciseeveryday.____17____Togainthebenefitsofexercise,justgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday—takethestairsinsteadoftheliftordoyourhouseholdchores.Consistencyiskey.Exerciseimprovesmood.____18____Orneedtorelaxafterastressfulday?Agymsessionorbriskwalkcanhelp.Physicalactivitystimulatesvariousbrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.Youmayalsofeelbetteraboutyourappearanceandyourselfwhenyouexerciseregularly,whichcanboostyourconfidenceandimproveyourself-esteem.Exerciseboostsenergy.Tiredoutbygroceryshoppingorhouseholdchores?____19____Exercisedeliversoxygenandnutrientstoyourtissuesandhelpsyourcardiovascular(心血管的)systemworkmoreefficiently.Andwhenyourheartandlunghealthimproves,youhavemoreenergytotackledailychores.Exercisecanbefunandsocial.Exerciseundphysicalactivitycanbeenjoyable.Theygiveyouachancetorelax,enjoytheoutdoorsorsimplyengageinactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy.Physicalactivitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.____20____Findaphysicalactivityyouenjoy,andjustdoit.A.Needanemotionallift?B.Needtobemoreconvincedtogetmoving?C.Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannoneatall.D.Trysomethingnew,ordosomethingwithconfidence.E.Sotakeadanceclass,hitthehikingtrailsorjoinasoccerteam.FRegularphysicalactivitycanimproveyourmusclestrengthandboostyourtolerance.G.Exerciseandphysicalactivityaregreatwaystomakeyoufeelhealthierandhaveabettershape.【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.F20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了經(jīng)常鍛煉和從事體育活動(dòng)的好處。【16題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Checkoutbelowhowexercisecanleadtoahappierandhealthieryou.(看看下面的運(yùn)動(dòng)是如何讓你更快樂(lè)、更健康的。)”可知，下文開(kāi)始分析運(yùn)動(dòng)是如何讓人們更快樂(lè)、更健康的。選項(xiàng)B“Needtobemoreconvincedtogetmoving?(需要被說(shuō)服才能行動(dòng)起來(lái)？)”采用提問(wèn)的方式引出下文內(nèi)容，指的是需要了解具體的好處才能讓你開(kāi)始運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎？然后展開(kāi)對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來(lái)的好處的介紹。故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Togainthebenefitsofexercise,justgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday—takethestairsinsteadoftheliftordoyourhouseholdchores.Consistencyiskey.(為了獲得鍛煉的好處，只要在一天中多活動(dòng)一下——爬樓梯而不是坐電梯，或者做家務(wù)。堅(jiān)持是關(guān)鍵。)”可知，下文講述的是每天多活動(dòng)一下也是可以的。選項(xiàng)C“Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannoneatall.(任何程度的活動(dòng)都比不活動(dòng)好。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是不管活動(dòng)多少都比不活動(dòng)好。故選C。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文的“Orneedtorelaxafterastressfulday?(或者在緊張的一天后需要放松一下？)”可推斷，空處與本句一致，為疑問(wèn)句。再根據(jù)下文的“Agymsessionorbriskwalkcanhelp.Physicalactivitystimulatesvariousbrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.Youmayalsofeelbetteraboutyourappearanceandyourselfwhenyouexerciseregularly,whichcanboostyourconfidenceandimproveyourself-esteem.(健身或快走會(huì)有所幫助。體育活動(dòng)會(huì)刺激大腦中的各種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，讓你感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)、更放松、更少焦慮。當(dāng)你經(jīng)常鍛煉時(shí)，你也會(huì)對(duì)自己的外表和自我感覺(jué)更好，這可以增強(qiáng)你的信心，提高你的自尊。)”可知本段主要講述的是運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于人情緒上的幫助。選項(xiàng)A“Needanemotionallift?(需要情緒提升？)”引出下文內(nèi)容，指出運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于情緒上的好處。故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文的“Exercisedeliversoxygenandnutrientstoyourtissuesandhelpsyourcardiovascular(心血管的)systemworkmoreefficiently.Andwhenyourheartandlunghealthimproves,youhavemoreenergytotackledailychores.(運(yùn)動(dòng)為你的身體組織輸送氧氣和營(yíng)養(yǎng)，幫助你的心血管系統(tǒng)更有效地工作。當(dāng)你的心臟和肺部健康狀況改善時(shí)，你就有更多的精力來(lái)處理日常瑣事。)”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)可以使身體更好。選項(xiàng)F“Regularphysicalactivitycanimproveyourmusclestrengthandboostyourtolerance.(規(guī)律的體育鍛煉可以增強(qiáng)你的肌肉力量，增強(qiáng)你的耐受力。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是運(yùn)動(dòng)可以增強(qiáng)能量，使身體更好，從而有更多的精力來(lái)處理日常瑣事。故選F。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Physicalactivitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.(體育活動(dòng)還可以幫助你在一個(gè)有趣的社交環(huán)境中與家人或朋友聯(lián)系。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為體育活動(dòng)可以幫助我們有一個(gè)與人交流的社交環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)E“Sotakeadanceclass,hitthehikingtrailsorjoinasoccerteam.(所以，去上舞蹈班，去徒步旅行，或者加入足球隊(duì)。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，建議我們可以去上舞蹈班、徒步旅行或加入足球隊(duì)，這樣我們可以有一個(gè)社交環(huán)境從而與人交流。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下而短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ThefirstlimeIinterviewedHilton,hertonewasflat,reflectingherforcedacceptanceofhersituation.Hiltonhasnowspentmorethanadecade____21____theside-effectsofaspinal(脊柱的)disease,whichleavesherinconstantpain.A(n)____22____hasyettohefound.Asaresult,shehas____23____herentirelifetotheonepositionwhereshefindssome____24____:lyingdown.Whatshedreamedof,however,wasarecumbent(可躺的)tricycle.Withadaptations,anIceAdventureHDtricyclewouldallowhertocontinueher____25____hobbyandgiveheralevelof____26____shelostlongago.Afterherstorywaspublished,donations____27____,alongwithmessagesofsupportandencouragementfromreaders.Itsurpassed(超過(guò))her____28____—￡7,500andreachedmorethan￡9,000.The____29____fundshavebeendonatedtoadisabledcyclingorganizationto_____30_____others,whoarelikeHilton.“Iwas_____31_____,andsohumbledbythepeoplewho’dputthelimein,”Hiltonsays.“Thefinancialsupportwasso_____32_____.Itwasalsosospecialreadingpeople’skindwords.”AttheendofFebruary,alongwithherhusbandPaul,Hiltonwentto_____33_____hernewbike.Thepairspenttheentiredayatthecyclingshop,withdedicatedstaffcheckingwhetheritwas_____34_____suitedtoherbodyandneeds.“I’veuseditnearlyeverydaysince,andIcankeepcycling,”shesays.One_____35_____wasfindinganItaliancafedownacyclepathandeatingfreshlybakedfocaccia,alfresco.“Ican’tputintowordshowliberatingit’sbeen,”sheadds.21.A.evaluating B.battling C.preventing D.proving22.A.cause B.balance C.cure D.influence23.A.lost B.owed C.returned D.adapted24.A.relief B.confidence C.awareness D.courage25.A.skiing B.swimming C.cycling D.running26.A.patience B.freedom C.security D.curiosity27.A.settleddown B.ranout C.gotacross D.floodedin28.A.target B.suggestion C.understanding D.promise29.A.previous B.additional C.official D.important30.A.persuade B.train C.assist D.accompany31.A.blownaway B.sweptaway C.givenup D.heldup32.A.reasonable B.ap