一、單項選擇：從各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出一個最正確答案。〔共20小題；每題1分，總分值20分。〕1．Youcan’tpasstheexam_________youstudyhard.A．ifB．becauseC．unlessD．so2．Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouseroofisunderrepair.A．whoseB．whichC．ofwhichD．that3．Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe_________sing,lwouldinvitehertotheparty.A．couldn’tB．shouldn’tC．can’tD．mightnot4．Alwaysreadthe_________onthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountofmedicine.A．explanationsB．instructionsC．descriptionsD．introductions5．Greenproductsarebecomingmoreandmorepopularbecausetheyareenvironmentally.A．commonB．variousC．friendlyD．changeable6．—Whathappenedtoyouthismorning?—Theteacheraskedmeformy_____whenIwaslateagain.A．meaningB．ideaC．excuseD．answer7．—Wouldyouhelpmeputawaythesethings?—_________.A．Yes,quiterightB．NevermindC．You’rewelcomeD．Withpleasure8．—Here’scoffeeandtea.Youmanyhave________.—Thanks.A．eitherB．eachC．oneD．it9．—Willyoupleasestayherefortheparty?—Sorry,I________.I’llhavetogotoanimportantmeeting.A．mustn’tB．needn’tC．can’tD．won’t10．—Whatdoestheladylooklike?—_________.A．She’sfineandwellB．She’sreallyaniceladyC．She’stallandthinD．Shelikewearingskirts11．—Areyougoingtobuyacamera?—Yes.ButtherearesomanykindsthatIcan’tdecide________tobuy.A．whatB．whichC．howD．where12．—Iheartheweatherwill_________coldforanotherweek.—Ihopenot.Ihatecoldweather.A．turnB．lastC．stayD．get13．—Whydon’tyoudoityourself?—Sorry,Idon’tthinkI’m______to.Ineedsomeone’shelp.A．possibleB．readyC．afraidD．able14．—Itriedto_________youathomeseveraltimes,butnooneansweredthephone.—Iwastravelingaroundlastthreemonths.A．touchB．reachC．receiveD．meet15．—Canyoutellme_________?—Hehasjustmovedtoanothercity.A．wheredoesheliveB．doeshelivewhereC．wherehelivesD．heliveswhere16.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor______askedtomakeaspeechatthemeetingheldyesterday.A.isB.wasC.areD.were17.Theexhibition,______isaboutthe60thanniversaryofthevictoryofChina'sresistancewaragainstJapaneseaggression,consistsofmanythingsreflectingthewarperiod.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what18.—Jack！Mybikewasstolenyesterday,couldyoulendmeyours?—__________.A.HelpyourselfB.Ofcourse,IcouldC.NevermindD.Don'tmentionit19.Factsprovethattheworld'seconomicdevelopmentisnotawin-losegamebutoneinwhichall________bewinners.A.canB.shallC.mustD.would20.－Jim,haveyoufinishedreadingHarryPotterandHalf-BloodPrince?－No.Imyfatheronthefarmalldayyesterday.A.wouldhelpB.hadhelpedC.washelpingD.havebeenhelping二、完形填空〔共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分〕Mrs.Ballhadason.HisnamewasMick.She21himverymuchandashewasnota22child,shewasalways23thathemightbeill.24sheusedtotakehimtoseethebest25inthetownfourtimesayeartobelooked26.27oneofthesevisits,thedoctorgaveMickallkindsoftestsandthensaidtohim,“Haveyouhadany28withyournoseorearsrecently?〞Mick29forasecondandthenanswered.“Yes,I30〞.Mrs.Ballwasvery31.“ButI’msureyouhave32toldmethat,Mick!〞Shesaidworriedly.“Oh,really?〞saidthedoctor33.“Andwhattroublehaveyouwithyournoseandears,myboy?〞“Well,〞answeredMick,“IalwayshavetroublewiththemwhenI’m34mysweateroff,becausethe35isverytight〔緊的〕.〞〔〕21.A.lovedB.hatedC.missedD.looked〔〕22.A.richB.cleverC.strongD.happy〔〕23.A.afraidB.surprisedC.gladD.sure〔〕24.A.WhichB.ForC.ButD.So〔〕25.A.playerB.teacherC.doctorD.lawyer〔〕26.A.roundB.overC.forD.after〔〕27.A.AtB.DuringC.ForD.To〔〕28.A.answerB.thingC.wordD.trouble〔〕29.A.waitedB.thoughtC.stoodD.looked〔〕30.A.didB.willC.haveD.do〔〕31.A.excitedB.interestedC.pleasedD.surprised〔〕32.A.alreadyB.justC.neverD.always〔〕33.A.angrilyB.seriouslyC.happilyD.carefully〔〕34.A.turningB.takingC.keepingD.putting〔〕35.A.collar〔衣領〕B.noseC.mouthD.ear三、閱讀理解。閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。〔共15小題；每題2分，共30分〕AOncetherewasaboy.Helovedsweetsverymuch.Healwaysaskedhisfatherforsweets.Theboy’sfatherthoughthardabouthowtostopthechildfromaskingforsomanysweets.Agreatmanlivednearby.Theboy’sfatherdecidedtotaketheboytohim.Hemightbeabletomakethechildgiveupsweets.Sotheywenttothegreatman.Thefatheraskedthegreatmantohelphim.Butthegreatmanlikedsweetshimself.Hetoldthefathertobringhissonbackafteramonth.Duringthemonth,thegreatmantriedtogiveupeatingsweets.Atlasthedidit.Whentheboyandhisfatherreturnedafteramonth,thegreatmanhadatalkwiththeboy.Fromthenon,theboydidnotaskforsweetsanymore.Theboy’sfatherfeltsurprised,“Whydidn’tyouaskmysontogiveupsweetswhenwecametoyouamonthago?〞Themananswered,“HowcouldIaskaboytogiveupsweetswhenIlovedsweetsmyself?InthelastmonthIgaveupeatingsweets.〞Aperson’sexampleisalwaysstrongerthanwords.Weshouldnotaskotherstodowhatwecan’tdoourselves.36.Theboy’sfathertookhissontothegreatmanbecause_____.A.themanlivedclosetothehouseB.themanmightgivehimsomehelpC.themanwasalsofondofsweetsD.themanhadalreadygivenupsweets37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Thegreatmanhadahobbyofeatingsweets.B.Thegreatmangaveupeatingsweetsinamonth.C.Thefatherandsoncamebacktothemanamonthlater.D.Theboyfailedtostopeatingsweetsatlast.38.Whichisthebesttitle〔標題〕forthepassage?A.EatingsweetsisbadforchildrenB.AgoodwaytogiveupeatingsweetsC.GivingupsweetsisnotdifficultD.ExamplesspeaklouderthanwordsBGoingtoafriend’shouseisveryexciting.Youmayspendtimewithafriendandgettoseewherehelives.Soremembertobepolite.WhentoarriveThefirstthingtorememberisthatwhenafriendinvitesyouover,youneedtoarriveontime.Ifyourfriendtellsyoutocome“around3:00〞,thatmeansyoucanturnupalittlebitafter3:00.Butusuallyitisagoodideatoarriveattherighttime.WhattobringOftenitisalsonicetobringsomethingtoyourfriend’shouse.Thiscouldbeaboxofchocolatesforyoutwotoshare,ormaybeamoviethatyoucanwatchtogether.Youcanalsobringsomeflowers.Alittlegiftisanicewaytoshowyourfriendthatyouareexcitedtobeathishouse.Howtogreet〔問候〕Whenyouvisityourfriend’shouse,youmayalsomeethisparents.Youshouldtellthemwhoyouareandtheymaytellyoutheirnames.Asachild,IwenttovisitmyfriendPaul.IcalledhisparentsbytheirfirstnamesJohnandMary.ButnowIknowitismorepolitetocallthemMr.orMrs.Smith.Thiswillshowthemmorerespect〔尊重〕andthentheymaytellyoutocallthembytheirfirstnames.AnotherwaytoshowrespectistocallthemMadamorSir.Itisacoolthingtovisitafriend’shouse.Bepolitetoyourfriendandyourfriend’sparents,andyouwillbeinvitedagain!39.Ifyouaretoldtogettoyourfriend’shousearound5:00p.m.,itispolitetoarriveat_____p.m.A.5:02B.4:50C.4:30D.5:3040.Whenthewriterwasachild,hecalledhisfriend’sfather_____.A.SmithB.JohnC.MaryD.Paul41.Thepassagemainly〔主要〕tellsus_____.A.whentoarriveatyourfriend’shouseB.howtogreetpeopleC.whattobringtoyourfriendD.howtobeagoodvisitor42.Thepassagemaybefrom_____.A.anoticeonawallB.alettertoafriendC.anarticle〔文章〕inamagazineD.anewsstoryinapaperCApoorchimney-sweeper,whohadnotenoughmoneytobuyameal,stoppedonehotsummerdayatnoonbeforeaneating-house,andremainedregalinghisnosewiththesmellofthevictuals.Themasteroftheshoptoldhimseveraltimestogoaway,butthesweepercouldnotleavesavorysmell,thoughunabletopurchasethetasteofthefood.Atlastthecookcameoutoftheshop,andtakingholdofthesweeper,declaredthat,ashehadbeenfeedinguponthesmellofhisvictuals(foodanddrink),heshouldnotgoawaywithoutpayinghalfthepriceofadinner.Thepoorfellowsaidthatheneithercouldnorwouldpay,andthathewouldaskthefitpersonwhoshouldpass,whetheritwasnotanunreasonableandunjustdemand.Thecasewasreferredtoapoliceman,whohappenedtopassatthatmoment.Hesaidtothesweeper:"Asyouhavebeenfeastingoneofyoursenseswiththeodor(smell)ofthisman'smeat,itisbutjustyoushouldmakehimsomerecompense;thereforeyoushall,inyourturn,regale(amuse)oneofhissenses,whichseemstobemoreinsatiablethanyourappetite.Howmuchmoneyhaveyou?""Ihavebuttwopenceinalltheworld,sir,andImustbuymesomebread.""Nevermind,"answeredtheofficer,"takeyourtwopencebetweenyourhands;nowrattle(causetomakealotofquicklittlenoises)themloudly."Thesweeperdidso,andtheofficer,turningtothecook,said,"Now,sir,Ithinkhehaspaidyou:thesmellofyourvictualsregaledhisnostrils(openingsattheendofthenose);thesoundofhismoneyhastickledyourears."Thisdecisiongavemoresatisfactiontothebystandersthantothecook,butitwastheonlypaymenthecouldobtain.43.Thesweeperstoppedonehotsummerdayatnoonbeforeaneating-house,because________A.hewantedtoregalehisnosewiththesmellofthevictualsB.hewashungryandhewantedtohavedinnerC.hewashungrybuthehadnoenoughmoneytobuyamealD.hewantedtosmellifthefoodwasdelicious.44.Thecook'sdemandthatthesweepershouldpayhalfthepriceofadinnerwasobviously______.A.reasonableB.notfairC.logicalD.proper45.Weinferthatthewaythatthepolicemansettledtheproblemwas________A.foolishB.kindC.cleverD.stupid46.Thepassageimpliedthat_________A.it'sapitythatthecookdidnotgetwhathewantedB.themasteroftheshopandthecookwerecool-heartedC.thecookwascruelD.thesweepergotwhathewantedDGetready,China.Theworldiscoming!Everydaylotsofforeignerscomehereasbusinesspeopleortourists.Andevenmorepeoplewillcomein2023fortheBeijingOlympics.WhentheycometoChina,weshoulddosomethingtohelpthemenjoythemselvesandlikeChinaandtheChinesepeople.Buttherearesomethingstheymaynotlike:1.TrafficproblemsCarsparkonsidewalks〔人行道〕.Busdriversdrivesofastthattheymakepeoplewhoaretryingtocrossthestreetafraid.2.QueuejumpingAtthepostoffice,orevenatMcDonald’s,peoplepushtothefrontofalineinsteadofwaiting.3.BumpingToomanypeoplearecrowdedontobusesandtrains.Thismakespeoplefeelterrible,anditisnotsafe,either.OnabusinNorthAmerica,peopletrytomakethemselvessmallerandthey’llsay“Excuseme〞or“Sorry〞iftheyknockintosomeone.InChina,peoplemakethemselvesbiggerwithno“Sorry〞or“Excuseme〞.4.LitteringInoticethiseverywhere.Somepeoplethrowrubbishontothegroundevenwhenthereisarubbishbin〔箱〕rightnexttothem.MostChinesepeoplearejustasunhappywiththesekindsofthingsasIam.And,certainly,thegovernment〔政府〕hasknowntheproblemsandistryingtodosomethingaboutthem.Chinaisonherway!47.SomeonethrowsanemptyColabottleontotheground.Thisiscalled_____.A.bumpingB.litteringC.queuejumpingD.atrafficproblem48.ThewriterthinksweChinesepeopleshoulddothefollowingexcept_____.A.parkourcarsatrightplacesB.waitourturninpublic〔公共〕placesC.throwrubbishintorubbishbinsD.hurryontobusesbeforeothers49.Wecanconclude〔得出結論〕fromthepassagethat_____.A.thingswillgetbetterandbetterinChinaB.fewerandfewerforeignerswillvisitourcountryC.therewillbemoreandmoretrafficproblemsinBeijingD.fewerandfewerChinesepeoplewilleathamburgers50.Whenthewritersays“Getready,China〞,hemeansthat_____.A.Chinaisgoingtobeafast-growingcountryB.itistimefortheChinesetochangetheirbadbehaviors〔行為〕C.mostChinesepeopleareasunhappywiththeseproblemsashimD.theChinesewilldoagoodjobinthe2023BeijingOlympicGames四、書面表達〔此題10分〕請用英語表述下面的內容。要點如下：1.明天是星期天，同學們到醫院看望Mr.Smith。2.早上九點鐘校門口集合，乘公共汽車去。3.Mr.Smith是我們的英語老師，他上周生病住院了。4.請你建議帶一份禮物，并說明理由。要求：1.不要逐句翻譯。2.字數60—80。PartⅡ、教材教法五、案例分析〔20分〕：案例ComingtoschoolStep1Singasong“onthebus〞Step2Playaguessinggame.〔學生通過聽交通工具的聲音或看不完整的交通工具圖猜出交通工具〕Step3Lookandlearn〔多媒體展示家鄉地圖，呈現本校位置及教師居住地，介紹教師上班方式。〕Step4Playaguessinggame〔用問題“Howdoyoucometoschool?〞引入，在多媒體的屏幕上展示交通工具，每次請一個學生上來，其他同學猜他是怎樣上學的。〕Step5Look,listenandwrite〔讓學生聽聲音，在地圖上填寫聽力材料中的小動物是怎樣上動物學校的，并畫出路線圖。〕Step6Makeupasong〔編歌曲，學生按照自己上學的方式組成小組，教師用多媒體展現一段歌曲，如：Howdoyoucometoschool?Cometoschool?Cometoschool?Howdoyoucometoschool?Bybus,bus,bus.然后讓學生根據歌詞，自己小組編歌，最后讓學生表決哪首會成為最流行的歌曲。〕Step7DoaclasssurveyabouthowtocometoschoolName Age Bycar Bybus Byminibus Byschoolbus OnfootStep8Homework〔以下作業任選一項，要求用餅形圖或柱狀圖統計，并制作成海報形式。)Makeasurveyabouthowtogotothesupermarket.Makeasurveyabouthowtogototheplayground.1、請問，這一案例主要采用的是哪種教學方法？〔2分〕2、結合這一教學方法的特點、根本步驟，分析教學步驟1至8的作用及相互的聯系。〔18分〕PartⅢ、新課程標準六、填空題〔每空1分，共3分〕1、根底教育階段英語課程的任務之一是培養學生的觀察、記憶、思維、和創新精神。2、語言技能目標中的聽、說、讀、寫既是學習的，又是學習的。七、選擇題〔每題1分，共2分〕1、英語語言根底知識中不包括方面的內容。Ａ、語法Ｂ、結構Ｃ、功能Ｄ、話題2、任務型語言教學活動要以學生的生活經驗和為出發點，內容和方式要盡量真實。Ａ、實際情況Ｂ、語言知識Ｃ、興趣Ｄ、語言技能參考答案PartⅠ、根底知識一、單項選擇〔20分〕題號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20答案 C A C B C C D A C C B C D B C B C A A C二、完形填空〔15分〕題號 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35答案 A C A D C B B D B C D C B B A三、閱讀理解〔30分〕題號 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50答案 B D D A B D C C B C B B D A B四、書面表達〔10分〕Mr.SmithisourEnglishteacher.Heisverykindtousandteachesverywell.Hefellilllastweekandnowheisinbedinhospital.TomorrowisSaturday.Wearegoingtoseehimtogether.Wewillmeetattheschoolgateat9:00tomorrowmorning.Thenwe’llgotothehospitalbybus.Ithinkweshouldgethimsomeflowers,becausefreshandbeautifulflowerswillmakehimfeelgoodandhappy.PartⅡ、教材教法〔20分〕案例分析1．〔2分〕任務型語言教學2．〔4分〕Step1引入本課主題，為Step4作了良好的鋪墊。(3分)Step2復習學過的交通工具。(4分)Step3呈現完成任務所需的語言知識。(1分)Step4引入第一個微型任務。(1分)Step5引入第二個微型任務。(1分)Step6引入第三個微型任務。(1分)Step7引入第四個微型任務。(1分)Step4、Step5、Step6、Step7形成任務鏈。(2分)Step8教師根據課堂任務內容，穩固任務。PartⅢ、新課程標準〔5分〕一、每空１分。１、想像能力２、內容、手段二、每題１分１、〔B〕２、〔C〕浙江省教授招聘考試小學英語學科考試試題〔樣卷〕第一局部：小學英語學科教學內容說明：本局部測試考生對小學英語學科教學內容掌握情況，本局部共26小題，共30分，分為四節。第一節：字母和單詞注音；第二節：翻譯；第三節：完形填空；第四節：寫作。第一局部：小學英語學科教學內容說明：本局部測試考生對小學英語學科教學內容掌握情況，本局部共26小題，共30分，分為四節。第一節：字母和單詞注音；第二節：翻譯；第三節：完形填空；第四節：寫作。第一節：字母和單詞注音〔共10小題；每題0。5分，總分值5分〕1.w[]2.z[]3.l[]4.beds[]5.reading[]6.worker[]7.kitchen[]8.begun[]9.can’t[]10.said[]第二節：翻譯題把下面的句子翻譯成為英文〔共5小題；每題1分，總分值5分〕11．幾經周折，我才在一家金礦找到一份工作。12．那時這被認為是一次技術革命，也是我人工智能研究的開始。13．到了這個時候，他的餐館本該賓客盈門。14.昨天我們見了面，我做自我介紹時，他靠得很近。15.事情得經過時這樣的。第三節：完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項中，選出最正確選項〔共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分〕。Sincemyfamilywerenotgoingtobehelpful,IdecidedIwouldlookforoneallbymyselfandnottellthemaboutittillI’dgotone.Ihadseenanagencyadvertisedinalocalnewspaper.Irushedoutofthehouseinsearchofit.Iwaswildlyexcited,andas_16_asifIweregoingonthestage.Findingtheplacequiteeasily,Iranbreathlesslythroughadoorwhichsaid“Enterwithoutknocking,ifyouplease.〞Thesimpleatmosphereoftheoffice17me.Thewomanlookedcarefullyatmeforawhilethroughherglasses,andthen18meinalowvoice.Iansweredsoftly.AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelratherhopelessShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof19.Ifeltevenmorehelplesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithout20.IwonderedwhetherIoughttoleave,whenthetelephoneonherdeskrang.Iheardhersay:“__21___,I’vegotsomeoneintheofficeatthisverymomentwhomight22.〞Shewrotedownanumber,andhelditouttome,saying:“Ringupthislady.Shewantsa__23immediately.Infact,youwouldhavetostarttomorrowbycookingadinnerfortenpeople.〞“Ohyes,〞saidIneverhavingcookedformorethanfourinmylife.I24heragainandagain,andrushedouttothenearesttelephonebox.Icollectedmythoughts,tookadeepbreath,andrangthenumber.IsaidconfidentlythatIwasjustwhatshewaslookingfor.Ispentthenextfewhours25cookbooks.16.A.proudB.pleasedC.nervousD.worried17.A.calmedB.excitedC.frightenedD.disturbed18.A.advisedB.examinedC.informedD.questioned19.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help20.A.abilityB.experienceC.knowledgeD.study21.A.AboveallB.AsamatteroffactC.AsaresultD.Inspiteofthat22.A.hireB.acceptC.suitD.offer23.A.cookB.helpC.teacherD.secretary24.A.answeredB.promisedC.thankedD.told25.A.borrowingB.buyingC.readingD.writing第四節：寫作〔1小題，總分值10分〕26．書面表達：現在越來越多的學生使用詞典，有人選擇使用傳統詞典，有人那么喜歡使用電子詞典。請你以“PrinteddictionaryorE-dictionary,whichdoyouprefer?〞為題，按照以下要點寫一篇英語短文，可根據需要適當發揮：1、傳統詞典：內容詳、例句多…缺點：攜帶不便…2、電子詞典：省時、方便…缺點：例句少…3、我選用的詞典及理由注意：1、詞數：100-120文章題目和開頭已給出〔不計入詞數〕。2、參考詞匯：電子詞典e-dictionary傳統詞典printeddictionary條目entry釋義definitionPrinteddictionaryorE-dictionary,whichdoyouprefer?Nowadaysmoreandmorestudentsusedictionariesasstudyaids.Somethinkthatitisbettertouse...第二局部：高等學校對應于小學英語學科教學內容說明：本局部測試考生對高等學校對應于小學英語學科教學內容掌握情況，本局部共17小題，共30分，分為四節。第一節：單項選擇；第二節：翻譯題；第三節：閱讀理解題；第四節：寫作。第一節：單項選擇：從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項〔共5小題；每題1分，總分值5分〕。27.IamsorryIhavenotimeatpresentto____moredetailorgiveyouanaccountofothercitiesofinterest.A.bringintoB.takeintoC.comeintoD.gointo28.Jimsaysthatheiswillingto____tomorrow’smeeting.A.presideB.chairC.leadD.takepart29.Livinginthewesternpartofthecountryhasitsproblems,________obtainingfreshwaterisnottheleast.A.withwhichB.forwhichC.ofwhichD.which30._________isusuallymeaning-distinctiveinChinese,butinEnglishitisnot.A.stressB.toneC.intonationD.phoneme31.WiththepublicationofTheSunAlsoSunRises,______becamethespokesmanforwhatGertrudeSteinhadcalled“aLostGeneration〞.A.FitzgeraldB.FaulknerC.HemingwayD.Steinbeck第二節：翻譯題：〔1小題；總分值5分〕32．把下面短文劃線局部翻譯成中文。Ifindyoungpeopleexciting.Theyhaveanairoffreedom,andtheyhavenotadrearycommitmenttomeanambitionsorloveofcomfort.Theyarenotanxioussocialclimbers,andtheyhavenodevotiontomaterialthings.Allthisseemstometolinkthemwithlife,andtheoriginsofthings.It’sasiftheywere,insomesense,cosmicbeingsinviolentandlovelycontrastwithussuburbancreatures.AllthatisinmymindwhenImeetayoungperson.Hemaybeconceited,ill-mannered,presumptuousorfatuous,butIdonotturnforprotectiontodrearyclichésaboutrespectforelders—asifmereagewereareasonforrespect.Iacceptthatweareequals,andIwillarguewithhim,asanequal,ifIthinkheiswrong.第三節：閱讀理解題閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個選項A、B、C和D中，選出最正確選項〔共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分〕。〔一〕Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoataneverearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism〞overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavocon(擾亂)Europeans’privatelives.Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvy(精通技術的)workershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage-twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative-darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautiful,strong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.〞OnlyanIdealWomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufmann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,〞thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon’tlastlong-iftheystartatall.Eppendorf,ablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.〞33.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause.A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualismB.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierageC.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstabilityD.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture34.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.B.ItisgettingclosertoAmerican-stylecapitalism.C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.35.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare.A.warmandlightheartedB.oneithersideofmarriageC.negativeandgloomyD.healthyandwealthy36.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat.A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedomB.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEuropeC.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonelyD.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable37.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.〔二〕Itishardtotrackthebluewhale,theocean’slargestcreaturewhichhasalmostbeenkilledoffbycommercialwhalingandisnowlistedasanendangeredspecies.Attachingradiodevicestoitisdifficultandvisualsightingsaretoounreliabletogiverealinsightintoitsbehavior.SobiologistsweredelightedearlythisyearwhenwiththehelpoftheNavytheywereabletotrackaparticularbluewhalefor43daysmonitoringitssounds.ThiswaspossiblebecauseoftheNavy’sformerlytop-secretsystemofunderwaterlisteningdevicesspanningtheoceans.TrackingwhalesisbutoneexampleofanexcitingnewworldjustopeningtocivilianscientistsafterthecoldwarastheNavystartstoshareandpartlyuncoveritsglobalnetworkofunderwaterlisteningsystembuiltoverthedecadestotracktheshipsofpotentialenemies.Earthscientistsannouncedatanewsconferencerecentlythattheyhadusedthesystemforcloselymonitoringadeep-seavolcaniceruptionforthefirsttimeandthattheyplansimilarstudies.Otherscientistshaveproposedtousethenetworkfortrackingoceancurrentsandmeasuringchangesinoceanandglobaltemperatures.Thespeedofsoundinwaterisroughlyonemileasecond-slowerthanthroughlandbutfasterthanthroughair.Whatismostimportantdifferentlayersofoceanwatercanactaschannelsforsoundsfocusingtheminthesamewayastethoscopedoeswhenitcarriesfaintnoisesfromapatient’schesttoadoctor’sear.Thisfocusingisthemainreasonthatevenrelativelyweaksoundsintheoceanespeciallylow-frequencyonescanoftentravelthousandsofmiles.38.Thepassageischieflyabout______.Aanefforttoprotectanendangeredmarinespecies.Bthecivilianuseofamilitarydetectionsystem.CtheexposureofaU.S.Navytop-secretweapon.Danewwaytolookintothebehaviorofbluewhales.39.Theunderwaterlisteningsystemwasoriginallydesigned______.AtotraceandlocateenemyvesselsBtomonitordeep-seavolcaniceruptionsCtostudythemovementofoceancurrentsDtoreplacetheglobalradiocommunicationsnetwork40.Thedeep-sealisteningsystemmakesuseof____.AthesophisticatedtechnologyoffocusingsoundsunderwaterBthecapabilityofsoundtotravelathighspeedCtheuniquepropertyoflayersofoceanwaterintransmittingsoundDlow-frequencysoundstravellingacrossdifferentlayersofwater41.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____.AnewradiodevicesshouldbedevelopedfortrackingtheendangeredbluewhalesBbluewhalesarenolongerendangeredwiththeuseofthenewlisteningsystemCopinionsdifferastowhethercivilianscientistsshouldbeallowedtousemilitarytechnologyDmilitarytechnologyhasgreatpotentialincivilianuse42.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutt