牛津高中英語模塊一（第1講）【教學內容與教學要求】教學內容：牛津高中英語模塊一Unit1（上）二、教學要求：1．掌握和校園生活有關的常用單詞、詞組與句型。2．學會描述校園生活和學校設施。Highschoolisatimeofdiscovery,learningandhardwork!高中是探索、學習和辛勤勞動的時期Hugecampusandlow-risebuilding學校面積大，沒有高層建筑。Twelvelaboratoriesareavailablefordifferentexperiments.12個實驗室可供不同試驗使用。EachroomcomeswithitsownbothroomandInternetaccess.每個房間都有自己的衛生間和英特網接口。3．學習閱讀技巧：skimming&scanning。 4．語法：定語從句（一）【知識重點與學習難點】重要單詞：accessachieveattendassemblyarticleavailableaveragecanteenclubchallengingcontextdonatedisplayexperienceextragraduategymheadinglockerlow-riseliteratureposterrelax二、重點詞組：classteacher班主任ateasewith和….相處不拘束schoolhours學校作息時間earnrespectfrom贏得…的尊敬soundlike聽起來象forfree免費getageneralidea了解大意aswellas除….以外,也keywords關鍵詞wordbyword逐字逐句地findone’swayaround認識路developaninterestin培養對….的興趣surftheInternet網上沖浪【難點講解】Whatisyourdreamschoollifelike?你理想中的學校生活是什么樣子?這里dream表示心目中最理想的.如dreamteam(夢之隊)。GoingtoaBritishhighschoolforoneyearwasaveryenjoyableandexcitingexperienceforme.去一所英國中學讀書一年對我來說是一次令人愉快和興奮的經歷。Going在本句里作動名詞，它和后面的toaBritishhighschoolforoneyear構成動名詞短語作句子的主語。GotoaBritishhighschool本來是個動詞詞組，在go后面加上ing后，它就具備名詞的特性可以在句子中充當主語、賓語或表語。動詞的現在分詞和過去分詞都可以作定語，但所表達的意思不同,現在分詞作定語常表示“令人…”、“正在….”;例如excitingnews,sleepingdog;過去分詞則有被動或完成的意思,常表示“感到….的”、“被….的”,例如：anexcitedcrowdofpeople,brokenheart.IwasveryhappywiththeschoolhoursinBritainbecauseschoolstartsaround9a.m.andendsabout3.30p.m.我對英國學校的作息時間很滿意因為學校大約上午9點開始上課，下午3點半左右放學。Behappywith=bepleasedwith,around=about。ThismeansIcouldgetupanhourlaterthanusualasschoolsinChinabeginbefore8a.m.這意味著我可以晚一小時起床，因為在中國學校8點鐘上課。asadv.同樣地,被看作,象prep.當做conj.與...一樣,當...之時,象,因為本單元多次出現as,用法各不相同,應注意比較。另外as還可以構成一些常用詞組：asif就好像,asfaras就….而言,soasto以便于,asfor至于,suchas例如，等等。mean:意味著,后面通常加名詞或賓語從句。例如：TheattackofPearHarbormeantadeclarationofwarwiththeUnitedStates.TheraiseofsalarymeansthatIcansendmydaughtertoabetterschool.Healsotoldusthatthebestwaytoearnrespectfromtheschoolwastoworkhardandachievehighgrades.他還告訴我們贏得學校尊敬的最好方法是努力學習并取得好成績。Thebestwaytodosthisto…..結構用來表達做某事的最好方法是…..,例如:ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistouseitasoftenaspossible.IfoundthehomeworkwasnotasheavyaswhatIusedtogetinmyoldschool,butitwasabit句的閱讀習慣（如finger-pointreading,lipreading），提高閱讀速度。【補充閱讀】閱讀這篇文章,根據中文提示和上下文寫出所缺的單詞:MySchoolDayIleavehomeat6:45andwalk20minutesto______(趕)abustoschool.Thebusisaspecialonejustforkidsgoingtomyschool.The_______(路程)onthebustakesanhourbecauseithastokeepstoppingtopickupotherstudentsalongtheway.WhenIarriveatschool,I______(領取)myTabletPCfromtheFlexi(FlexiableLearningCentre).ThenIgotomyTutorRoomforRegistrationat8:30.Welistentoannouncementstoseewhatspecialthingsarehappeningatschooltodayorthisweek.Atabout8:50weleaveTutorRoomtogotoourFirstPeriod.EverydayIhaveadifferentLessonthefirstperiod.NormallyitisHumanitiesbutIalsohaveMaths,DramaandMusic,andFrenchontheotherdays.Eachperiodlastsanhour.Allmylessonsareindifferentroomsandplacesaroundtheschool.EachRoomeitherhasathree_____(位)numberoraname.Thenumbersareveryhardtoremember!.Ihavedifferentteachersforeachlesson.Ihavea_______(存物柜)whereIcanstoresomeofmystuffbutotherwiseIhavetocarryitallaroundwithmyinmybags.SwipeCards

EveryStudentcarriesaswipecard.Weswipeintoeverylessontolettheschoolknowthatwehave_____(參加)thatcertainlessonandtoknowwhereweareincaseofemergencies.OntheSwipeCardtherearetwostripes,ablackandabrown.Thebrownistoswipeintolessonsandtheblackistogetintothetoiletsandbuildings.WecanputmoneyonourSwipecardsinsteadofcarryingcasharound.WhenwewanttopayforsnacksattheTuckShoporcanteenwejusthandoverourcardsandtheydeductthemoney.SubjectsMaths,EnglishScienceICTDramaMusicArtPEHumanities(History,Geography,andReligion)FrenchorSpanishTimeTable9:001stPeriod10:002ndPeriod11:00-11:20Break

Duringbreak,Ihaveasnackandplayandchatwithmyfriends.Usuallyweplay'IT'achasinggame.Snowballfightwhenitsnowsisdeadfun.11:203rdPeriod12:304thPeriod1:30-2:10Lunch

IbringapackedlunchtoschoolbutoccasionallyIhaveschooldinnersintheSchool______(食堂).2:105thPeriod3:10EndofSchoolSometimesIstayafterschoolforclubs.Canteen

TheCanteenisopenatLunchTimeandBreakTime.Mosthotfoodisservedonlyatlunchtime.Chipsareonly_______(買的到)onMondaysandFridays.【同步練習】用適當的關系代詞或關系副詞填空：1．Istillrememberthetime_______Ifirstbecameahighschoolstudent.2.TherearemanyplacesinLondon_______youcanbuyacupofcoffee.3.Thatisthereason_____heissokeenonschoolactivities.4.Chinaisacountry_______historycanbedatedbackto3000BC.5.Heisdrivingacar______cantravelat150mileperhour.6.Hehastoflytoallthemajorcitiesoftheworld______hiscompanyhassetupoffices.7.Thelady_____wemetinthebariseyeingusfromthecorner.8.Wearefacingthesameproblem____wedidyearsago.二、將下列每組句子合成一個帶定語從句的復合句：Theanti-JapaneseaggressionwarbrokeoutonJulythe7th.Itlastedforeightyears.Onhiswebsitewesawsomephotos.Mr.LeetookthesephotosinEurope.OnthewaytoschoolIsawsometrees.Theirleaveswereeatenupbyinsects.Shelleylikestospendherleisuretimeinthestudents’union.Shecanmeetmanyinternationalstudentsthere.Jane’sfatherwantshertobeasinger.Hehimselfhasalwayswantedtobeasingerhimself.參考答案一、1.when2.where/inwhich3.why4.whose5.which/that6.where7.whom/who8.as二、Theanti-JapaneseaggressionwarwhichlastedforeightyearsbrokeoutonJulythe7th.OnhiswebsitewesawsomephotoswhichMr.LeetookinEurope.Onthewaytoschool,Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereeatenupbyinsects.shelleylikestospendherleisuretimeinthestudents’unionwhereshecanmeetmanyinternatioalstudents.Jane’sfatherwantshertobethesingerthathehimselfhasalwayswantedtobe.閱讀填空：catch,journey,collect,digit,locker,attended,canteen,available牛津高中英語模塊一（第二講）【教學內容與教學要求】一、教學內容：牛津高中英語模塊一Unit1（下）二、教學要求：1．掌握和學校活動有關的常用單詞、詞組與句型。2．學會用英語寫通知和海報。3．語法：定語從句（二）【知識重點與學習難點】一、重要單詞：contest,replace,possession,complete,include,programme,present(v),event,item,venue,timetable,compare,issue,order,dynasty,professor,unnecessary,attractive,underline,approve,,generation,require,scary,design,draft,wording,previous,finalize,poem,poet,confident,run(manage,operate),host,hostess,advertise,vote.二、重點詞組：referto指,functionas當作…使用,具有….的功能,leaveout省略,relateto和…相關,payattentionto注意,inshortform用宿略的形式,takeplace發生,makedecision作決定,makecomparison作比較,taketurns輪流,followtheoutline按照綱要,beresponsiblefor對…負責,consistof包含,由…構成,comeupwith想出,baseon根據,haveitapprovedby…征得…..的同意,informsbofsth告知,signup簽名參加.【難點講解】1.Ihavetodomyhomeworkinaplacethathasdesksandchairs.我必須在一個有課桌椅的地方做家庭作業。Idon’twanttostudyinaroomwheredesksandchairsaretoosmall.我不想在桌椅太小的房間里學習。第一句里定語從句thathasdesksandchairs的關系代詞that指代主句中的名詞room，作從句的主語；第二句里定語從句wheredesksandchairsaretoosmall的關系副詞where指代主句中的inaroom,在從句中是地點狀語。試比較：Thisisthebeachwhere(onwhich)manyNorthEuropeansspendtheirsummerholidays.Thisisthebeachthat(which)haswhitesandandpalmtrees.上一句的beach是北歐人度假的地方，在這個地方是地點狀語，所以用關系副詞where指代;下一句中有白沙和棕櫚樹的是beach，它是從句的主語，所有以用關系代詞that來指代。2.Besides,Imightbereadingthebooksinyourfather’sbookcasesinstead.除此之外，我也許會只顧看你爸爸書櫥里的書，而不是去做作業。Shewillbereadingnewspapersandmagazinesinsteadofdoingherhomework.她將會忙著看報紙雜志而不是做作業。“mightbereading”，“willbereading”屬于“情態動詞＋be+doing”的結構，表示對某個時間正在發生的事情的預言、推測或期待。例如：Ishallbelyinginbedandwatchingmyfvouritefootballgamebythetimehefinisheshishomework..等他做完家庭作業時，我早就會躺在床上看我喜愛的足球比賽了。“instead，insteadof”都表示“代替，而不是….”“instead”通常需要承接上文才能表達完整的意思，“insteadof”則可以在一句話中表達做了和沒做的事情。例如：Wedidn’tgohomeafterschool.Wewenttoanetcaféinstead.→Insteadofgoinghomeafterschool,wewenttoanetcafé.2)StudentsinUKdon’thavelotsofhomework..Theyhavemanyschoolactivities.→StudentsinUKhavemanyschoolactivitiesinsteadofhomework.Aprogrammeisaplanofactivitiestobedoneorthingstobeachieved.規劃是指要進行的活動或要完成任務的計劃。劃線部分是不定式的被動語態作定語，表示要做的事情。Themorechoicesyouhave,thebetteryourfinaldecisionswillbe.相當于：Ifyouhavemorechoice(條件狀語從句為一般現在時),youwillmakebetterdecision（主句用將來時）.你的選擇越多，最后的決定就越好。“The+比較級（adj/adv）或含比較級的詞組，the+另一個比較級（adj/adv）或含比較級的詞組”,表示“越……就越…..”。Yourteacherhasreceivedane-mailfromafriendaskingheraboutahistorybookfromyourschoollibrary.你的老師收到一位朋友的電子郵件，詢問你們學校圖書館里的一本歷史書。劃線部分是現在分詞短語作定語，補充說明賓語e-mail的內容。ISBN(InternationalStandardBookNumber)國際標準圖書編號ISSN（InternationalStandardSerialNumber）國際標準期刊編號7．make常見的動賓搭配:maketea/coffee沏茶、沖咖啡,makefriends交朋友,makemistakes犯錯誤,maketrouble惹麻煩,makeasuggestion提建議,makeafire生火,makefaces做鬼臉,makeadecision做決定,makecomparasions作比較,makealiving謀生,makemoney掙錢,makearequest提要求,makeanapplication申請。【寫作】通知和海報通知是上級對下級、組織對成員或平行單位之間部署工作、傳達事情或召開會議等所使用的應用文。以布告形式貼出，把事情通知有關人員，如學生、觀眾等，通常不用稱呼；通知要求言簡意賅、措辭得當、時間及時。

例一：布告形式的通知：通常此類通知上方正中寫Notice或NOTICE（通知），發出通知的的單位的具體名稱可放在正文前，也可放在正文后，右下角處，發出通知的日期寫在左下角處。例如NOTICE

Allmumbersofthestudents’unionarerequestedtomeetintheschoolconferenceroomonSaturday,Sept18th,at2:00ernationalcultureexchangeswithNewZealandhighschoolband.

Sept.14,2005海報的形式和媒體沒有特殊要求，它要先用簡明、生動的圖文吸引過往人群的注意力，再以簡潔扼要的文字、圖表介紹你要向公眾發布的信息。文字部分一般包括主題句或主題詞和條理清楚、簡單明了的內容介紹。下面是一個網上海報，供大家參考：

Makeaposterexplainingasafetyrule.

ItshouldgiveusagoodStayAlertmessage.

IfyourposterwinsyouwillreceiveaSASST-shirtanditwillappearintheSASSGallery.

Mailyouposterto:

StayAlert...StaySafe

P.O.Box93006,

499MainSt.S.

Brampton,Ontario

L6Y1N0【語法】定語從句(2)1．定語從句中關系代詞that、which用來指代物，who、whom和that用來指代人，whose用來表示所屬關系，關系副詞when、where和why指代時間、地點和原因。2．關系代詞的用法

(1)如果先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞，關系代詞一般只用that，不用which。例如：

AllthatIhaveismyloveforthisland.Thereisn’tmuchthatwecandotoeasehispain.

(2)如果先行詞被形容詞最高級以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等詞修飾，關系代詞常用that,不用which。例如：ThelastpersonthatwewanttoinvitetoourhouseisUncleSam.Nonationthatiscapableofsuchatrocitycanbetrustedbyitsneighbours.

(3)非限制性定語從句中，不能用關系代詞that,作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。例如：

Thereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartintheelection,mostofwhomarewelleducated.

(4)which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數情況下意思是與andthis相似。例如：

Shefailedinherattempttocatchtheprince’sattention,whichwasagreatdisappointmenttohermother.

(5)如果作先行詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體，關系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個成員，則用who。

(6)先行詞有兩個，一個指人，一個指物，關系代詞應該用that。例如：

Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.

(7)如果先行詞是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,關系代詞應該用who或whom，不用which。例如：

Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?(8)關系代詞that/which/who/whom在從句中作賓語時可以省略。例如：Thegirl(whom)youjustsawisthecheerleaderofourfootballclub.Everymoment(that)wespentintheUKwillbeapreciousmemoryforus.

As在定語從句中的用法

一.引導限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

（１）as多與such或thesame連用，可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。

（２）as也可單獨使用，引導非限制性定語從句，作用相當于which。例如：

Theelephant’snoseislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.

二．關系副詞引導的定語從句

1．關系副詞也可以引導定語從句

關系副詞在從句中分別表示時間．地點或原因。關系副詞when在從句中充當時間狀語，where充當地點狀語，why充當原因狀語。例如：

WeshallalwaysrememberthedaywhenJapansurrenderedtotheallyforce.Thisisoneofthefewplaceswhereyoucanbuytopqualitywine.

2.that有時也可引導定語從句表示時間．地點或原因

That有時可以代替關系副詞when,where或者why引導定語從句表示時間．地點或原因，這種定語從句中的that也可以省去。例如：Thatisthetime(that)hearrives.Thatisthereason(that)hecame.【同步練習】選擇適當的關系代詞或關系副詞填空：1.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimplaywithanyone______scoreswaspoor.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_______broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that3.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldgethelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom4.Theday_______hechoseforhissonweddingwasaluckydayinthelunarcalendar.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.who5.AfterlivinginPairsforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown____hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when6．Thismonumentisall______remainsoftheancientkingdom.A.itB.thatC.whenD.which7．Hementionedabookthetileof______Ican’tremembernow.

A．whoB．whichC．thisD．what8.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceC.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose9._____hasalreadybeenpointedout,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.A.AsB.ItC.ThatD.Which10.HelivedinLondonfor3months,during____timehelearnedsomeEnglish.A.thisB.whichC.thatD.same11.Onthewallhangsapicture,_____colorisblue.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.whichD.its12.Istillrememberthetime______Ifirstbecameacollegestudent.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when13.Mr.Fordstilltalksliketheman______hewastenyearsago.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.there14.Theboss____departmentMsKingworkedtenyearsagolookeddownuponwomen.A.inwhichB.inthatC.inwhoseD.whose15.Idon’tlike_____youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich16.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._______Igotwetthrough.A.It’sthereasonB.That’swhyC.There’swhyD.It’show17.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,____ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis18.Thereisonlyonedishonthetable_______Iwanttoeat.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.whcih參考答案一、1-5DBCCB6-10BBCAB11-15ADACA16-18BAB牛津高中英語模塊一（第3講）【教學內容與教學要求】教學內容：牛津高中英語模塊一Unit2（上）二、教學要求：1．學習談論青少年經常遇到的問題。2．學會戲劇腳本。 3．了解英語口語和書面語的差別。4．語法：定語從句（三）【知識重點與學習難點】重要單詞：act(n),scene,curtain,trash,garbage,charge,adult,,behavior,teenager,punish,period,argument,relationship,force,unpleasant,character,explain,slam,vet(veterinarian),style,mess,thumb,vs(versus),plus,competition,sink,fault,boring.二、重點詞組：commonto對…來說很普遍,turnup調高聲音,出現awasteof浪費,nomore不再,sparetime空余時間,force….to…強迫（某人）做,can’twaitto..迫不及待地要,besupposedto被期望或要求,本應該，dowith處置,忍受，需要beamess/inamess亂成一團,leavesbincharge委托…..負責,actlike行為舉止象…,gounpunished不受懲罰,goout熄滅,haveone’sarmcrossed雙臂交叉抱在胸前,deserveto值得去做,常用否定形式表示“不配”behardon對某人苛刻,nowthat既然,intheformof以的形式,thaneverbefore比以前任何時候都,beangryat對某事生氣,evenif即使,treatsblike…象一樣對待,argueabout為…而爭吵,thecauseof起因,differinmanyways在許多方面不同,fitbadly非常不合身。【難點講解】Ericrunsinafterit,followedbyabigdog,walkingveryslowly.埃里克跟著球跑進來，后面跟著一條大狗，狗走得很慢。這句話里有兩個不同層面上的狀語：過去分詞短語“followedbyabigdog”是謂語“runsin”的伴隨狀語，而現在分詞短語“walkingveryslowly”描述的是大狗跟隨埃里克進來的行走方式，是動詞“follow”的狀語。伴隨狀語通常由現在分詞短語、過去分詞短語或介詞短語承當。當伴隨動作由主語發出時，用現在分詞，當伴隨動作由其他人或物發出時用過去分詞。例如：Heranafterthethief,shoutingangrily.Shesatnervouslyinthegrandsittingroom,watchedcloselybythebutler.Thesoldiersstoodsilentlyalongthepass,riflesinhand.Youweren’tsupposedtocomehomeuntiltomorrow.你們應該明天才回家的。besupposedtodosth:被期望或要求去做,本應該去做。例如;YouaresupposedtohandinyourarticlesthisFriday.Girlsaresupposedtobehavemorequietlyinthiscountry.在肯定句中until必須和持續性動詞連用時，在否定句里它主要和短暫性動詞連用也可以和持續性動詞連用，表示直到某時某個動作才開始。Until還可以用在強調句中。Notuntil放在句首時，句子要倒裝。例如:Hesleptuntil8o’clock.Hedidn’twakeuptille8o’clock.Itwasnotuntil8o”clockthathewokeup.Notuntil8o’clockdidhewakeup.Iwon’tbefreetillFriday.3.Themoneywithwhichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone,butSpotlookssohungry.本該用來買狗食的錢不見了，但斑點狗看起來餓得厲害。“withwhichyouweretobuydogfood”是定語從句,當關系代詞是介詞賓語時,介詞常放在關系代詞之前。例如:thevillageweusedtolivein→thevillageinwhichweusedtolive主語＋be動詞+不定式表示“按計劃將要做”，例如;Wearetoholduptheenemywhileourtroupsretreat.ThepresidentialcandidateistomakeaspeechinourtownonhiswaytoWashington.Wethoughtyouwereanadult,apersonfromwhomwecouldexpectgooddecisions.我們原以為你是個成年人，一個我們可以指望他做出正確決定的人。劃線部分是“anadult”的同位語，它和“anadult”所指相同，句法功能也相同，是對“anadult”含義進一步的說明。這個同位于本身又帶有定語從句fromwhomwecouldexpectgooddecisions。Expectsthfromsb:期望從某人那里得到或看到某事，例如:Youcanneverexpectgenerosityfromamiser.Thisisnotafamilywherebadbehaviorgoesunpunished.我們家不是一個放縱不良行為的家庭。根據上文，this是指ourfamily。動詞go后面可以跟形容詞，表示“變得”，例如：gobad（變質）,godry（變干）,gomad（發瘋）,gointernational（國際化）。Go和一些含否定意義的形容詞連用，則表示“不受……的,未被…的”,如:gounchallenged,gounnoticed.Histheoryhasgoneunchallengedintheworldforhalfacentury.It’sstrangethatsuchamistakecangounnoticedinthetextbook.IftheyknewthatSpotwasillandweusedthemoneytotakehimtothevet…假如他們知道Spot得了病,而我們用那筆錢帶他去看獸醫的話……..這句話用的是虛擬語氣,省略的部分是:theywouldunderstandwhythemoneyisgoneandthehouseisamess.當說話人只表示一種假設的情況、一種主觀愿望，即認為動詞所表示的動作或狀態并非真實時，使用虛擬語氣。表示和現在事實相反時，主句用過去將來時，條件從句用一般過去時。例如:IfIwereyou,Ishouldwaittillnextweek.Ishesawyounow,shewouldn’trecognizeyou.Noneofusstoppedtothinkandweshouldhave.我們本應當停下來想想，而我們都沒有那么做。Stoptodo表示停下來去做另一件事，stopdoing則表示停止正在做的事情。shouldhave也是一種虛擬語氣，表示過去本應當做的事情。這里完整的句子應該是:Weshouldhavestoppedtothink,butnoneofusdid.8.Canyouexplaintomenowwhythehousewasamessandwhatyoudidwiththecashweleft?你現在能向我解釋為什么家里亂成一團，而你又把我們留下的錢拿去干什么了嗎?Be(in)amess表示“亂成一團”；dowith表示“處理、處置”常和what連用，它和dealwith不同，dealwith表示“處理、應付”weleft雖然只有兩個單詞，卻是一個定語從句，它前面省略了作賓語的關系代詞that或which。【語法】定語從句(3)一、．“介詞＋關系代詞”結構

(1)“介詞＋關系代詞“可以引導限制性定語從句，也可以引導非限制性定語從句。“介詞＋關系代詞“結構中的介詞可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等，關系代詞只可用whom或which,不可用that。這類結構的定語從句通常可以和帶關系副詞的定語從句互相轉換，例如：

Thisisafreecountrywhereeveryoneenjoysfreedomofspeech.Thisisafreecountryinwhicheveryoneenjoysfreedomofspeech.

(2)fromwhere為“介詞＋關系副詞“結構，但也可以引導定語從句。例如：

Westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethetown..

(3)像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如：

Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.二、關系代詞在定語從句中作主語的補語能在定語從句中作主語的補語的關系代詞只有that,這時的that既能指人也能指物，但往往省略。例如:WhenLaurawasborn,Bettiedecidedherdaughterwouldbethesinger(that)shealwayswantedtobe.Mr.Leestilltalkslikethemanthathewastenyearsago.三、關系代詞as和which作主語，都可以代表前面整個句子。但由as引導的定語從句可以前置。例如：Hesawthegirl,as/whichhehopedhewould.Ashehopedhewould,hesawthegirl.As還可用于thesame…..as,such…..as,as……as等結構中。例如：Suchopinionsasheholdssoundstrangetoordinarypeople.Wearefacingthesameproblemaswedidyearsago.【英語俗語】英語俗語,也和其他語言一樣,有許多都是由身體各個部份的名稱組成的。例如：Tofollowyournose是指"一直走"。另外還有：Toplaybyear，意思是看著辦。其他還有用hand和foot這些字組成的習慣用語。這里我們要向大家介紹由腿，也就是leg這個字組成的習慣用語：Topullone'sleg。Topullone'sleg初看起來好像和中文里的"拉后腿"的意思差不多。但是，千萬不要被表面現象所迷惑。Topullone'sleg的真正意思是逗別人，開別人玩笑的意思。有時候，有的朋友故意講一些話來騙我們，后來才發現他是在開玩笑。例如，一個大學生上了同學的當，事后他說：例句-3:"Myroommatesaidthisgirlhadtoldhimshewouldn'tmindgoingoutwithme.ButwhenIinvitedhertoamovie,Ilearnedhewasjustpullingmyleg."這個大學生說："我的同房間同學說，那個女孩愿意和我一起出去玩。可是，當我請她去看電影的時候，我才發現我那同學是逗我，開我的玩笑。"要是這個大學生聰明一點的話,他當時就可以對他的同學說：例句-4:"Hey,stoppullingmyleg,willyou!Idon'tbelievethatgirlreallysaidshelikesmeandwouldlikemetotakeherout."這句話的意思是："喂，你別逗我行不行！我才不信那個女孩真的說了她喜歡我，還要我邀她出去玩。"和leg這個字有關的俗語里還有一個很有趣的說法,那就是：Breakaleg!從字面上來看，breakaleg難道是斷了一條腿？或是倒霉？不是，breakaleg的確切意思是祝愿別人成功。例如，你的朋友明天要去參加高考，你就可以對他說：Breakaleg!Havegreenfingers很會種花種菜Greenthumb就是指那些很會種花種菜的人Allthumbs手腳很笨的人Jumpinandgetyourfeetwet到實踐中去學Akettlecallthepotblack五十步笑百步Awetblanket掃興的人或事【同步練習】根據上下文用適當的詞填空：WORDSANDTHEIRSTORIES-BirdsByJillMossTodaywewill(1)_________(解釋)someexpressionsaboutbirds.Forexample,ifsomethingis"forthebirds",itis(2)__________(無價值)ornotveryinteresting.Someonewhoeatslikeabirdeatsverylittle.And"abird`seyeview"isa(3)__________(總體的)lookatanareafromabove.Didyouknowthatifyoutellayoungpersonabout"thebirdsandbees",youareexplainingaboutsexandbirth.Haveyouever(4)_________(觀察)that"birdsofafeatherflocktogether?"Inotherwords,peoplewhoaresimilarbecomefriendsordothingstogether.Thereissomegoodadvice."Abirdinahandisworthtwoinabush".Thismeansyoushouldnotrisk(5)_________(失去)somethingyouhavebytryingtogetmoreofsomethingyoudonothave.Sometimes,Icandotwothingsbyperformingonlyone(6)_______(動作).Thisiscalled"killingtwobirdswithonestone".ButIwouldneverreallykillanybirds.Iloveallkindsanimals.Thisis"arealfeatherinmycap".Itissomethingtobe(7)_______(驕傲)of.MostofthepeopleIworkwithare"earlybirds".Theybelievethat"theearlybirdcatchestheworm".Theythinkthataperson(8)______getsupearlyinthemorningforworkhasthebestchanceof(9)_________(成功).Everyoneinmyofficeworkshardbutsomepeoplehave"hadtheirwingsclipped".Theirjobshavebeenlimited.Thisisbecausetheofficeisorganizedbypackingorder.Peoplewithmoreyearsand(10)____________(經驗)aregivenmore(11)________________(責任).Somebird`sexpressionsareaboutcrows,chickensandducks.Forexample,whenIamdriving.Ialwaystravel"asthecrowflies".Igothemost（12）___________(直接)way.Anyonewho"eatscrow"hastoadmitamistakeordefeat.Nowlet`stalkaboutmysister.Sheisnotveryyoung.Sheis"nospringofchicken".Shewillworkanyjobfor"chickenfeed",asmall(13)_______（數量）ofmoney.Sheiseasilyfrightened.Forexample,sheistoo"chickenlivered"towalkdownadarkstreetaloneatnight.Oftenshewill"chickenout".Shewillnotgooutaloneatnight.Mysisterwas"anuglyduckling".Shelookedstrangewhenshewasachild.Butshegrewuptobeabeautifulwoman.Sometimesshethinkstoomuchabouthavingsomethinginthefuturebeforeshereallyhasit.She"countsherchickensbeforetheyarehatched".Sometimes"herchickenscomehometoroost".Thatmeansheractionsorwordscausetroubleforher.Howevermysisterdoesnotworryaboutwhatpeoplesayabouther.(14)_________（批評）fallsoffherlikewateroffaduck`sback.Politiciansaresometimesconsidered"lameducks"afterlosinganelection.Theyhavelittletimeleftinofficeandnomuchpower.Congressholdsa"lameduck"sessionafteran(15)__________(選舉).Importantlawsarenotpassedduringthisperiod.二從上文中找出下列說法對應的英文：一文不值：鳥瞰：物以類聚：一矢二鳥：兩鳥在林不如一鳥在手：早起的鳥兒有蟲吃：得意之物：束縛手腳：論資排隊：10.膽小如鼠:11.招災惹禍:12.(對別人的批評)充耳不聞:13.吃蒼蠅:14.蠅頭小利:15:過早樂觀:三、選擇正確的答案完成下面一段對話：A:Whoisit?B:Dad.A:comeonin,Dad.B:(1)______________________.Ibroughtyouasandwich.A:Iamhungry.Thanks,Dad.Whattimeist,anyway?B:Teno’clock.Whatareyouworkingon?A:.(2)___________________________________________B:And….whatdoyoufeel?A:Me?(3)__________________________________________B:Ifeltthesameway.A:(4)_________________________________________B:Oh,(5)___________________________.Well,don’tworkallnight.A:Idon’tmind,Ienjoywriting.B:Well,maybeyoushouldthinkaboutbecomingawriter.A:MybeIshould.B:Youhavelotsoftimetodecide.A:(6)__________________________________________B:YouwillbeOK.Goodnight,son.A:Goodnight,Dad.A.IthoughtyoumightbehungerB.That’stheworstpart—makingdecisions.C.Alittlescaredandexcited,too.D.ThescarypartisleavinghomeandgoingtocollegeE.I’mwritinganarticleonthefeelingsaboutgraduationF.leavinghomeispartofgrowingup參考答案一、1.explain2.worthless3.general4.observed5.losing6.action7.proud8.who9.success10.experience11.responsibility12.direct13amount14.criticism15.election二、1．forthebirds2．abird`seyeview3．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether4．Killtwobirdswithonestone5．Abirdinahandisworthtwoinabush6．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm7.arealfeatherinmycap8.hadtheirwingsclipped9．Packingorder10.chickenlivered11.thechickencomeshometoroost12.Criticismfallsoffherlikewateroffaduck`sback..13.eatthecrow14.chickenfeed15.countone’schickensbeforetheyarehatched.三、AECDFB牛津高中英語模塊一（第四講）【教學內容與教學要求】教學內容：牛津高中英語模塊一Unit2（下）二、教學要求：1．了解英語語調的作用。 2．學會寫感謝和建議信。 3．學習編寫、表演對話。4．語法：定語從句（復習）【知識重點與學習難點】重要單詞：upset,sincerely,insist,chat,valuable,period,argument,freedom,relationship,suggest,spare,unloving,forbid,tone,frustrated,express,volume,stress,pause,exact,emotional,mood,gist,merely,regular,solve,column,columnist,resource,proofread,version,nervous.二、重點詞組：rising/fallingtone升調、降調,talkshow談話節目,mainpoint要點,supportinginformation輔助性信息,adiaryentry一篇日記,beproudof為….感到驕傲,stayuplate熬夜,mixup混淆,afterall畢竟,takeone’sadvice接受建議,missdoingsth懷念以前做的某事,keepinmind記住,getittidiedup把它整理好,cleanup打掃干凈,makeadifference要緊,providesbwithsth/providesthforsb為某人提供,providedthat假如,toone’ssurprise使某人驚奇的是,asthough就好像,insistondoing堅持要做,allowhimhisfreedom允許給他自由,sendsbtobed叫某人去睡覺,forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事,assignrolesto分派角色,argueaboutsthwithsb為某事和某人爭吵.【難點講解】1.Theyaremeanttobereadaloud,andoftenuselessformallanguagethanothertypeofwriting.劇本是要被朗讀的，它使用的語言沒有其他文體那么正式。“Bemeanttobe”+被動語態、名詞或形容詞，表示“應該用作、本應當作”和“besupposedtobe”相似。例如：Flowersaremeanttobeadmired,notpicked.Sitcomsaremeanttobelight-hearted,butthisoneisfullofviolence.副詞aloud表示“出聲’,loudly表示“大聲”。注意loud可以當作副詞和talk,speak,laugh連用，例如：Theylaughedloudandlong.Canyouspeakalittlelouder?2.Youcan’twriteexactlythewaypeoplespeak.你不能原封不動地按照人們日常說話的習慣來寫。thew