第頁共頁語言表達教案：描述歡樂舞曲的樂器和音符Title:Let'sDance!ExploringtheInstrumentsandNotesofHappyMusicIntroduction:Dancingtomusicisauniversalhumandelight.Whetherwemoveourfeet,hips,hands,orhead,wefeeltherhythmandmelodyandexpressourselvesinaspontaneousandjoyfulway.However,creatingmusicthatinspiressuchdancingrequiresalotofskill,creativity,andteamworkamongmusicians.Inthislanguageexpressionlesson,wewilldescribesomefeaturesofhappymusic,suchastheinstrumentsandnotesused,andlearnhowtoconveythesefeaturesinwords.Section1:TheInstrumentsofHappyMusicTomakemusic,weneedsometoolsthatcanproducedifferentkindsofsounds.Thesetoolsarecalledmusicalinstruments,andtheycanbeclassifiedintoseveralcategoriesbasedontheirpropertiesandrolesinanensemble.Someofthemostcommoninstrumentfamiliesare:Strings:violins,violas,cellos,doublebasses,guitars,harpsWoodwinds:flutes,clarinets,oboes,saxophones,bassoonsBrass:trumpets,trombones,Frenchhorns,tubasPercussion:drums,xylophones,maracas,tambourines,cymbals,timpaniKeyboards:pianos,organs,synthesizersInhappymusic,weoftenhearamixtureofthesefamilies,eachcontributingtotheoveralltextureandmood.Forexample,atypicaldancebandmightfeaturealeadsinger,adrummer,abassplayer,akeyboardist,ahornsection,andaguitarortwo.Eachinstrumenthasaspecificroleandsoundthatcanbedescribedinvariousways,suchas:Pitch:thehighnessorlownessofanote,determinedbythefrequencyofitsvibrations(measuredinhertz)Timbre:thequalityorcolorofasound,influencedbytheshape,size,andmaterialsofaninstrumentDynamics:thevolumeorintensityofasound,controlledbytheplayer'sbreath,touch,orpedalsArticulation:thewaynotesareconnectedorseparatedbytheplayer'stongue,fingers,orbowExpression:theuseofnuancesandemotionstoconveythemeaningandfeelingofasongLet'stakeacloserlookatsomeinstrumentsthatarecommonlyassociatedwithhappymusic,andtrytodescribetheirsoundandrole.Piano:akeyboardinstrumentthatcanproduceawiderangeofnotes,fromsoftanddelicatetoloudandpowerful.Thepianohasarichandwarmtimbre,thankstoitsdensewoodenframeandhammermechanismthatstrikesthestrings.Inhappymusic,thepianooftenservesasaharmonicandrhythmicfoundation,playingchordsandrhythmsthatsupportthemelodyandotherinstruments.Examplesofjoyfulpianopiecesare"TheEntertainer"byScottJoplinand"IntheMood"byGlennMiller.Trumpet:abrassinstrumentthatcanplayhighandbrightnoteswithapiercingsound.Thetrumpethasanarrowtubeandaflaredbellthatamplifyandrefinethevibrationsoftheplayer'slips.Inhappymusic,thetrumpetoftentakestheleadrole,playingcatchymelodiesandimprovisationsthatsoarabovetherestoftheensemble.Examplesofcheerfultrumpetpiecesare"WhentheSaintsGoMarchingIn"and"BugleCallRag."Guitar:astringinstrumentthatcanstrum,pluck,orpicknoteswithaclearandresonantsound.Theguitarhassixstringsthatcanproducevariouspitchesandharmonies,andcanbeplayedwithfingersoraplectrum.Inhappymusic,theguitaroftenprovidesarhythmicandharmonicaccompaniment,playingchordsthatsupportthemelodyandprovideagroovefordancing.Examplesofupbeatguitarpiecesare"LaBamba"and"TwistandShout."Saxophone:awoodwindinstrumentthatcanproduceasmoothandsultrysoundwithawiderangeofpitchanddynamics.Thesaxophonehasacurvedmetaltubeandareedthatvibrateswhenblownbytheplayer'sbreath.Inhappymusic,thesaxophoneoftenaddsajazzyandfunkyflavor,playingriffsandsolosthatblendwithotherinstruments.Examplesoflivelysaxophonepiecesare"YaketySax"byBootsRandolphand"Tequila"byTheChamps.Drums:apercussioninstrumentthatcanproduceavarietyofrhythmsandbeatswithdifferentparts,suchasthebassdrum,snaredrum,hi-hat,andcymbals.Thedrumshaveskinsorheadsthatarestruckorhitbysticks,brushes,orhands.Inhappymusic,thedrumsoftencreatealivelyandenergeticpulse,keepingthetempoandintensityoftheperformance.Examplesofrhythmicdrummingpiecesare"Sing,Sing,Sing"byBennyGoodmanand"UptownFunk"byMarkRonsonfeaturingBrunoMars.Section2:TheNotesofHappyMusicNowthatwehavelearnedsomebasicfeaturesoftheinstrumentsusedinhappymusic,wecanexplorethelanguageofnotes,whicharethebuildingblocksofmelody,harmony,andrhythm.Eachnotehasaname,asymbol,andadurationthatdetermineitspitch,duration,andemphasis.Themostcommonmusicalnotationsystemusesthefollowingsymbols:Trebleclef:acurlysymbolthatindicatestherangeofhigh-pitchednotesplayedbyinstrumentssuchaspiano,guitar,andtrumpet.Bassclef:aflatsymbolthatindicatestherangeoflow-pitchednotesplayedbyinstrumentssuchasdoublebass,cello,andtuba.Staff:asetoffivehorizontallinesandfourspacesthatserveasthegridforplacingnotes.Noteheads:ovalsymbolsthatrepresentthepitchvalueanddurationofanote,withdifferentshapesandstemsfordifferentlengthsandpositions.Rests:silentsymbolsthatindicatetheabsenceofsoundforacertainduration,withdifferentshapesandpositionsthatmatchthecorrespondingnotes.Eachnotehasauniquenameandvaluethatcanbedescribedusingsomevocabularyandrules.Forexample:Pitchvalues:AtoG(sometimeswithsharporflatsymbols),repeatedinhigherorloweroctaves,withAbeingthelowestnoteinthebassclefandthemiddlenoteinthetrebleclef.Durationvalues:Whole(4beats),half(2beats),quarter(1beat),eighth(1/2beat),sixteenth(1/4beat),andsoon,dependingonthetempoandtimingofthepiece.Timesignature:apairofnumbersthatshowsthebeatstructureanddivisionofapiece,suchas4/4(fourquarternotesperbar)or3/4(threequarternotesperbar).Dynamicssymbols:p(piano,soft),mf(mezzo-forte,medium),f(forte,loud),crescendo(graduallylouder),decrescendo(graduallysofter),andsoon.Articulationsymbols:slur(legato,smooth),staccato(shortanddetached),accent(strongemphasis),andsoon.Let'sseesomeexamplesofhowtodescribeamelodyorasnippetofhappymusicusingtheseelements:"Themelodystartswitharisingphrase,fromGtoC,playedbythetrumpetinastaccatostyle.Then,thesaxophonejoinsinwithadescendingcounterpoint,fromCtoG,playedinalegatostyle.Therhythmsectionkeepsasteadybeatofquarternotesonthebassandsnaredrums,whilethepianoplaysachordprogressionofC,E7,A7,D7,andG7,creatingaswingingandbluesyatmosphere.Themelodyrepeatswithvariationsandembellishments,culminatinginafinalcadenceonthetonicnoteofG,withthewholeensembleplayingaloudandsyncopatedriff.""Theintroconsistsofasyncopatedrhythmplayedontheguitar,emphasizingtheoff-beats.Thedrumsenterwithasimplepatternofquarternotesonthebassdrum,snaredrum,andhi-hatcymbals,settingamoderatetempoin4/4time.Then,theleadsingerstartssingingacatchymelody,startingonthetonicnoteofAandfollowingthechordprogressionofA,E,D,andA,withsomevariationsinrhythmandpitch.Theharmonyisprovidedbytherestoftheensemble,playingchord