語法綜合講練

倒裝句(Inversion)

學(xué)法指導(dǎo)倒裝句有兩個主要的作用。一是為了保持句的平衡，二是為了語言的表達(dá)更加生動。ThedayswhenChinawasweakandbackwardaregong.主語太長，謂語太短。=GonearethedayswhenChinawasweakandbackward.中國貧窮而落后的年代一去不復(fù)返了。學(xué)習(xí)倒裝句的難點有兩點記住倒裝句的語序記住引起倒裝句的詞簡單的說,倒裝句就是把句子主語和謂語的位置顛倒，即把謂語放在主語的前面.

e.g.Areyouaboy?

Whydidn’tyoucome?

NeverbeforehaveIseensuchawonderfulfilm.

倒裝句有兩種句式：

全部倒裝和部分倒裝

一、全部倒裝的四種情形

(把謂語動詞完全放在主語之前)

標(biāo)志詞+謂語（vi）+主語

1.句首標(biāo)志詞為here/there,out/in,up/down,away,now/then等方位副詞并2.且謂語動詞是表示運(yùn)動的come、go、rush、live、exist、flow,rise,等不及物動詞時，用全部倒裝。e.g.1)Thekitewentupintothesky.Up

wentthekiteintothesky.Upintotheskywentthekite.2)Thebookyouwantishere.Here

isthebookyouwant.e.g.Hereitcomes.3)Thedoorsuddenlyopenedandadogcamein.Thedoorsuddenlyopenedandin

cameadog.4)Herlongbrownhaircamedown.Down

cameherlongbrownhair.Away

flewthebird.5)Thebirdflewaway.注:主語是人稱代詞,不用主謂倒裝.

2.表地點的介詞短語，在句中做表語或狀語時

e.g.在一座孤零零的房子前坐著一個小男孩。

森林邊有一個小木屋。（lie）

Infrontofthelonelyhouse

sata

littleboy.

Attheedgeofthewoods

liesthe

logcabin.e.g.Insidethepyramids

aretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueens.andlongpassagestotheserooms.

保持了句子平衡，或為了強(qiáng)調(diào)表語或狀語，或為了使上下文緊密銜接時。

3.表語置于句首時

e.g.Gone

arethedayswhenthey

coulddowhattheyliked.

在貨物中有圣誕樹、鮮花、蠟燭和玩具。Amongthegoods

areChristmas

trees,flowers,candlesandtoys.

So/thus

(Inthisway)+vi+主“Longlongago…,”Sobeginmanyfairytales.=Manyfairytalesbegininthisway–Longlongago…,OrThat’showfairytalesbegin.4.therebe

句型

e.g.Thereisnoplaceleftforthe

piano.在2004年，中國大約發(fā)生了五十多萬起交通事故。Therewereabout500,000trafficaccidentshappeninginChinain2004.表語在句首Such+link-v+SSuchisAlbertEinstein,asimplemanwithgreatachievements.阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦就是這樣一位單純而又具有偉大成就的人。Thousandsofhomelesspeopleandendlessdeath._______werethemisfortunesofwar.A.SoB.SuchC.ThisD.ThatB二、部分倒裝的九種情形

(指把謂語的一部分，如助動詞、情態(tài)動詞等移到主語之前)

標(biāo)志詞+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+其它1.用于so,nor,neither

開頭的句子，表示第二人或事也重復(fù)前一句的內(nèi)容。

e.g.HehasbeentoBeijing.So

haveI.=IhavebeentoBeijing,too.Hecan’tanswerthequestion.

Neither

canI.=Ican’t,either.他不能回答這個問題，我也不能。比較1)Theywentoutbeforedaybrokeandcamehomebeforenoon.So

livedthecoupleformanymonthsbeforetheyweredivorced.2)--Heisveryhardworking.--Soheis.他確實如此。（同意別人的觀點）3)Helikesmusic,sodoI.Itisthesamewith…

Soitiswith…KarlMarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.SoitwaswithEngles.=itwasthesamewithEngles.HisbrotherisasoldierandheservesinHainan.Itisthesamewithmybrother.=Soitiswithmybrother.2.以only修飾的副詞，介詞短語,狀語從句等放在句首時為部分倒裝。

Only+狀語+助動詞+主語+其它Onlyinthisway

canyoulearnEnglishwell.e.g.直到那時，他才意識到自己老了。Onlywhenyouhavefinishedyour

homework

canyougooutandplay.Onlythen

didherealizethathewasold.只有用這種方法，你才能學(xué)好英語。只有完成作業(yè)后，你才可以出去玩。注：如果only修飾主語,則不用倒裝

Onlyhecansolvetheproblem.3.little,hardly,never,seldom,not等含有否定意義的詞放在句首時

1）Hardly

didIexpectthathecould

comebacksosoon.

2）Little

didherealizethathehadmadeanimportantinvention.

3）Notasingleword

mustyoutellhim.

4)Neverhashebeenabroad.

5)Seldom

doesWanggoswimming.4.表示時間頻率的狀語位于句首時，且表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。e.g.我們經(jīng)常警告他們不要那樣做。Often

dowewarnthemnotto

doso.

Weoftenwarnthemnottodoso.5.在以下句型中

a)hardly/scarcely…when…,

nosooner…,than…Nosooner

hadhebeguntospeak

thanallthepeoplelaughed.Hardly

hadhesteppedintothe

classroomwhenthebellrang.

他剛一開口說話，所有的人都大笑起來。他剛一踏進(jìn)教室，鈴聲就響了起來。b)在notonly…butalso的句型中(butalso之后的句子不用倒裝).

e.g.他不僅能唱流行歌曲，而且還能寫一些。

Notonly

didhelikesingingpopsongs,butalsohecouldwritesome.c)在not…until…句型中

e.g.直到今天早晨我才想起了一個好主意。Notuntilthismorning

didIget

agoodidea.

Ididn'tgetagoodideauntilthismorning.d)Neither…nor（前后都倒）e.g.我既不知道這次晚會，也沒來。

Neither

didIknowabouttheparty,nor

didIcome.

e)含否定意義的介詞短語在句首時

innoway,atnotime,innocase,bynomeansAtnotimehaveItoldyouthatyoucanusemycar.我從沒告訴過你，說你可以用我的車子。6.用以as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中

表語+as+主語+其它=Though/Althoughhewastired,he….e.g.Tired

ashewas,heworkedlate

intothenight.Childasheis,heknowsmuch.=Though/Althoughheisachild,he….7.用于省略if的虛擬條件句（只有had、should、were(was)可倒裝）

Ifitwereto/shouldraintomorrow,

Iwouldnotgoforapicnic.=Wereitto/Shoulditraintomorrow,Iwouldnotgoforapicnic.=HadIattendedthemeeting,Iwouldhavebeenhere.

IfIhadattendedthemeeting,I

wouldhavebeenhere.e.g.Mayyousucceed!e.g.他說的那樣的快，我們幾乎聽不清。8.在so…that、such…that的結(jié)構(gòu)中Sorapidlydidhespeakthatwecouldhardlyhearhim.9.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。_____homeworkdidwehavethatwehadnotimetotakearest.(06年福建卷)A. B.Toomuch

C.Toolittle D.SolittleAtthefootofthemountain_____.(06年四川卷)A.avillagelie B.C.doesavillagelieD.lyingavillageSomuchliesavillageI’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans_____withmyprogress.(06年重慶卷) A.theteacherisnotsatisfied B.istheteachernotsatisfied C.theteacherissatisfied D.istheteachersatisfied寫出下列句子的倒裝句語法綜合講練

強(qiáng)調(diào)句式清華附中程惠云強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who/whom+其它被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分可以是句子中的主語、賓語或狀語，但不能夠是謂語或定語。Imethiminthestreetyesterday.ItwasIwho/that

methiminthestreetyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)注意：除去句子的功能詞itwas…that句子仍然完整。Itwashimwhom/thatImetinthestreetyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語）Itwasinthestreetthat(不能用where)Imethimyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語）有時可以用Itmightbe…that;

Itmustbethat…

句型表示強(qiáng)調(diào)Itmightbehisfatherthatheisthinkingof.他關(guān)心的可能是他的父親。Itmusthavebeenhisbrotherthatyousaw.你見到的想必是他的兄弟。notuntil的it強(qiáng)調(diào)句Shedidnotrealizethatshehadleftthekeyintheofficeuntilshegothome.Itwasnotuntilshegothomethatsherealizedshehadleftherkeyintheoffice.It強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問句Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?Whowasitthatbrokethewindow?Whatisitthatyouarelookingfor?Howwasitthatyousucceeded?Whyisitthatsmokingisallowedhere?強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與Itis/was+時間+whenItwasatmidnightthatIgotbackhomeyesterday.=Igotbackhomeatmidnightyesterday.ItwasmidnightwhenIgotbackhomeyesterday.=WhenIgothome,itwasmidnight.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與Itis/was+時間+sinceItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearnEnglish.=IbegantolearnEnglishtwoyearsago.ItistwohoursthathespendsonEngl