Unit2Cloning

人教版選修八GrammarI.Lookatthesesentences.Whatkindofclausesarethey?Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.

多莉看來是正常地生長著的事實(shí)很令人鼓舞。ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.

接著傳來了多莉病重的壞消息。II.Findoutthetwofactorsofaclause.

Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormally…

Position位置：

Relationship關(guān)系：

…thedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.

Position位置：

Relationship關(guān)系：從句在名詞fact之后說明fact的具體內(nèi)容在名詞news之后說明news的具體內(nèi)容III.Concludethedefinitionoftheappositiveclause.

在復(fù)合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。同位語從句是名詞性從句的一種，一般跟在某些名詞之后，用以說明該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容。Ex1:Whatkindofclausesarethey?1)

Whathewantstodoisnotclear.2)

Ihavenoideawhereheis.

3)Thetroubleisthatwedon'thaveenoughmoney.4)Iwanttoknow

whetherhewillcome.主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句IV.Sumupthenounsbeforetheappositiveclause.

同位語從句中所修飾的名詞有：fact,

news,idea,hope,question,

problem,suggestion,plan,thought,doubt,

truth,belief

,promise,order，information，等抽象名詞。Ex.2:Findouttheappositiveclause.DearMissGan,Myfriendstoldmeaplanthattheywouldheldapartytomorrow.ButthereisadoubtwhetherIamfree.IhavenoideahowIcanrefusetheirinvitationpolitely.Couldyougivemesomesuggestions?Yourssincerely,KateEx.3Completethesentences.Thenews

madeussad.thatdeathtollinChinaquakereached10,000

Ihavenoidea

whethertheRockets

willwinthematch.WilltheRocketswinthematch?Icananswerthequestion

whenDollythesheepwasborn.WhenwasDollythesheepborn?VI.Tellthedifferencebetweentheattributiveclauseandtheappositiveclause.SimilaritiesDifferences1.兩種從句都位于名詞之后1.定語從句是修飾和限制前面的名詞；而同位語從句是說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容。2.定語從句和同位語從句有四個相同的引導(dǎo)詞：that，when，where，why，但在兩種從句中的用法不同,下面把四個引導(dǎo)詞分成兩類說明:

1).引導(dǎo)詞that

Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallyexciting．

Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon．

(定語從句)

that

起連接作用;

指代先行詞;

充當(dāng)句子成分;

作賓語時常省略。(同位語從句)

that

起連接作用;不充當(dāng)句子成分;不能省略。2)．引導(dǎo)詞when，where，why

①IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIworkedinYangxi．

②Thereisaquestion

whenshecamehere．

(定語從句)

when作時間狀語，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成onwhich

(同位語從句)

when作時間狀語，意為“什么時候”③ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago．

④Doyouhaveanidea

wheretheboyisfrom?

（定語從句）where作地點(diǎn)狀語，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成inwhich（同位語從句）where作地點(diǎn)狀語，意為“哪里”⑤Thisisthereasonwhyshewaslateforschooltoday．

⑥TheteacherhadnoideawhyJackwasabsent．(同位語從句)

why作原因狀語，意為“為什么”(定語從句)

why作原因狀語，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成forwhich3.選擇引導(dǎo)詞的步驟：

1).判斷從句的類型（定語從句或同位語從句）

2).

定語從句

同位語從句

物或事(主語、賓語)：that時間狀語:when地點(diǎn)狀語:where原因狀語:why陳述句：that特殊疑問句：when（什么時候）；where（哪里）；why（為什么）Ex.4Choosethebestanswer.1.Theyreceivedorders___theworkbedonerightaway.A.whichB.thatC./D.when2.Thereason___hehastogois___hismotherisillinbed.A.why