英語(yǔ)（一）年月真題

00012201910

1、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avitalwasa

studentoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根據(jù)第一段，AvitalSchweitzer…attendedaprogramattheUniversityof

California,SantaBarbara,forhighschoolstudentswhoareinterested

inresearch.可見(jiàn)，她并不是加利佛尼亞大學(xué)的學(xué)生，只是參加了學(xué)校為熱愛(ài)科研的中學(xué)

生舉辦的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

2、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avitalis

interestedinresearch.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根據(jù)第一段，aprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,

forhighschoolstudentswhoareinterestedinresearch.可見(jiàn)，此項(xiàng)目是為熱愛(ài)科研

的中學(xué)生舉辦的，Avital參加了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，即表示她對(duì)科研感興趣。

3、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avitaloftenshares

hergoalswithherbestfriends.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：C

解析：第2段首句，Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearlystatesanddiscusses

hergoals.提到她很少清楚地談?wù)撟约旱哪繕?biāo)，至于她有沒(méi)有與最好的朋友分享過(guò)目標(biāo)，

文中沒(méi)有提及。

4、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avitalwonatennis

championshipinjuniorhigh.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：C

解析：第2段，Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalsto

winatennischampionshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.提到，Avital在初中時(shí)

設(shè)定目標(biāo)贏得網(wǎng)球比賽，但究竟結(jié)果如何，文章并未給出具體答案。

5、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avitalwantedto

becomedebate-teamcaptainduringherjunioryear.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：第2段，Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoals

to…becomedebate-teamcaptain.提到，Avital在初中時(shí)設(shè)定目標(biāo)成為辯論隊(duì)的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，說(shuō)

明她想要成為隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。Setgoalsto與wanted同義替換。

6、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avitaloftenmakes

listsofgoalstofindwhichgoalisthebestforher.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：第3段開(kāi)頭，Avitalsays,"InanacademicenvironmentwhenIsetgoals

formyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedtocompleteinorderto

achievethem…"表明，她設(shè)定目標(biāo)的目的是為了完成目標(biāo)，達(dá)到目標(biāo)，而不是選擇最適合

自己的目標(biāo)。細(xì)節(jié)不符，因此錯(cuò)誤。

7、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avitalbelieves

thatitisbesttosolveherproblemsthroughtheInternet.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：C

解析：第3段中間提及，WhenIrunintodifficulties,Ireachouttoresources

forhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormyparents.當(dāng)她遇到問(wèn)題

時(shí)，她會(huì)上網(wǎng)尋找?guī)椭遣](méi)說(shuō)上網(wǎng)是解決問(wèn)題的最好方式。

8、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avitalhasgained

fromherfathertheinsightsaboutgoal-setting.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：第4段第1句，Whoelseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsight

intotheartandscienceofgoal-settingthanyourownfather?用了反問(wèn)句，轉(zhuǎn)化為

肯定句即為，關(guān)于目標(biāo)設(shè)定的藝術(shù)與科學(xué)，尋找遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的最好去處是自己的父親。后接著給

出Avital父親的身份，是研究目標(biāo)設(shè)定的教授。因此，與題干Avital是從自己父親處獲

得的關(guān)于目標(biāo)設(shè)定的遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)相符。

9、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."Avital'sfatherhas

donemuchresearchongoal-setting.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：第4段中間，Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWhartonprofessorof

operationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopicextensively.中，

extensively意為大量地，廣泛地，與題干中hasdonemuchresearch為同義替換。

10、【單選題】SettingEffectiveGoalsAvitalSchweitzer,17,isclearlygoal-

directed.Sheworkshardtoachievethevarioustasksinherlife.Thissummershe

attendedaprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,forhighschool

studentswhoareinterestedinresearch.Avitalsaysthatsherarelyclearly

statesanddiscusseshergoals.Butgoal-settinghasalwaysplayedaroleinher

life.Duringherjunioryear,forinstance,shesetpersonalgoalstowinatennis

championshipandtobecomedebate-teamcaptain.Avitalsays,"Inanacademic

environmentwhenIsetgoalsformyself,IoftenmakeliststhatIneedto

completeinordertoachievethem.Thelistscanincludedoingproblemsets,

meetingwithateacheroraskingspecificquestions.WhenIrunintodifficulties,

Ireachouttoresourcesforhelporadvice,liketheInternet,myteachersormy

parents.Ithinkthatlearningaboutthebesttypesofgoalstosetandstandard

methodstoachievethesegoalscouldbeveryusefulinmyday-to-daylife."Who

elseisbettertoturntoforthiskindofinsightintotheartandscienceof

goal-settingthanyourownfather?Avital'sdad,MauriceSchweitzer,aWharton

professorofoperationsandinformationmanagement,hasresearchedthetopic

extensively.Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelpusgetwhere

wewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,challenginggoalsdo

betterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodotheirbest."ToAvital'sfather,

aimingtodobestismoreimportantthangoal-setting.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：第4段后半部分，Hesaid,"Goalsarepowerfullymotivatingandwillhelp

usgetwherewewanttobe.Acrosseveryfield,peoplewhosetspecific,

challenginggoalsdobetterthanpeoplewhogooutandjustaimtodo

theirbest."中提及，那些設(shè)定了具體、有挑戰(zhàn)性目標(biāo)的人，比那些目的只是說(shuō)要做到最

好的人，做的事情更加出色。可見(jiàn)，相比于籠統(tǒng)的做到最好，Avital爸爸更支持具體的

goal-setting，與題干意思相符。此題中moreimportantthan與dobetterthan同義

替換。

11、【單選題】Whileyou'reinalift,waitingtoreachyourfloor,doyouever

wonderwhocameupwiththeidea?Probablynot.Wejustexpecttohavesafelifts

inbuildings.LiftsexistedasfarbackasancientRome.Buttheancient"lifts"

weren'tclosedcars.Theyweresimpleplatforms.Theyweretypicallyusedtoraise

upwaterforfarmingorliftheavybuildingmaterialssuchasstones.These

liftswerepoweredbyanimals,peopleorevenwaterwheels.Thefirstmodem

passengerliftwasbuiltforKingLouisXVin1743.TheKingsliftwasinstalled

（安裝）ontheoutsideofhispalace.Itwentfromthefirsttothesecondfloor.

TheKingentereditfromhisbalcony,andthenmenraisedandloweredthelift

throughtheuseofropesandwheels.Liftsbecamemorecommoninthemid-1800s

duringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhentheytransportedgoodsinfactoriesand

mines.Theseliftswereoftenbasedonahydraulic（液壓的）system.However,this

typeofliftswasimpracticalfortallbuildings,althoughitbecamepopular

becauseitcouldoperatewiththepublicwatersystem.Anotherliftdesign(and

theonefoundmostoftentodayinpassengerlifts)usesacablesystem,inwhich

ropesraiseandlowerthecarbymeansofawheelandgear（齒輪）system.These

typesofliftsareeasiertocontrolandbuildingsthathavethemdonotneedthe

extraroomrequiredbyhydraulicsystems.Bythe1850s,thesetypesofliftshad

beenpoweredbywaterpressureorsteam.TheliftsinancientRome_____.

hadaclosedstructure

hadacomplicateddesign

A:

wereusedinagriculture

B:

werepoweredbysteam

C:

答D:案：C

解析：第2段中間，Theyweretypicallyusedtoraiseupwaterforfarmingor

liftheavybuildingmaterialssuchasstones.中，farming即為agriculture的同意

替換，均為農(nóng)業(yè)的意思。

12、【單選題】Whileyou'reinalift,waitingtoreachyourfloor,doyouever

wonderwhocameupwiththeidea?Probablynot.Wejustexpecttohavesafelifts

inbuildings.LiftsexistedasfarbackasancientRome.Buttheancient"lifts"

weren'tclosedcars.Theyweresimpleplatforms.Theyweretypicallyusedtoraise

upwaterforfarmingorliftheavybuildingmaterialssuchasstones.These

liftswerepoweredbyanimals,peopleorevenwaterwheels.Thefirstmodem

passengerliftwasbuiltforKingLouisXVin1743.TheKingsliftwasinstalled

（安裝）ontheoutsideofhispalace.Itwentfromthefirsttothesecondfloor.

TheKingentereditfromhisbalcony,andthenmenraisedandloweredthelift

throughtheuseofropesandwheels.Liftsbecamemorecommoninthemid-1800s

duringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhentheytransportedgoodsinfactoriesand

mines.Theseliftswereoftenbasedonahydraulic（液壓的）system.However,this

typeofliftswasimpracticalfortallbuildings,althoughitbecamepopular

becauseitcouldoperatewiththepublicwatersystem.Anotherliftdesign(and

theonefoundmostoftentodayinpassengerlifts)usesacablesystem,inwhich

ropesraiseandlowerthecarbymeansofawheelandgear（齒輪）system.These

typesofliftsareeasiertocontrolandbuildingsthathavethemdonotneedthe

extraroomrequiredbyhydraulicsystems.Bythe1850s,thesetypesofliftshad

beenpoweredbywaterpressureorsteam.Thefirstmodernpassengerlift

was_____.

raisedandloweredbymen

inventedbyKingLouisXV

A:

builtforapublicbuilding

B:

putontheinsideoftheKing'spalace

C:

答D:案：A

解析：根據(jù)題干modernlift定位到第3段。段末…thenmenraisedandloweredthe

liftthroughtheuseofropesandwheels.可見(jiàn)，是由人力升降的。

13、【單選題】Whileyou'reinalift,waitingtoreachyourfloor,doyouever

wonderwhocameupwiththeidea?Probablynot.Wejustexpecttohavesafelifts

inbuildings.LiftsexistedasfarbackasancientRome.Buttheancient"lifts"

weren'tclosedcars.Theyweresimpleplatforms.Theyweretypicallyusedtoraise

upwaterforfarmingorliftheavybuildingmaterialssuchasstones.These

liftswerepoweredbyanimals,peopleorevenwaterwheels.Thefirstmodem

passengerliftwasbuiltforKingLouisXVin1743.TheKingsliftwasinstalled

（安裝）ontheoutsideofhispalace.Itwentfromthefirsttothesecondfloor.

TheKingentereditfromhisbalcony,andthenmenraisedandloweredthelift

throughtheuseofropesandwheels.Liftsbecamemorecommoninthemid-1800s

duringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhentheytransportedgoodsinfactoriesand

mines.Theseliftswereoftenbasedonahydraulic（液壓的）system.However,this

typeofliftswasimpracticalfortallbuildings,althoughitbecamepopular

becauseitcouldoperatewiththepublicwatersystem.Anotherliftdesign(and

theonefoundmostoftentodayinpassengerlifts)usesacablesystem,inwhich

ropesraiseandlowerthecarbymeansofawheelandgear（齒輪）system.These

typesofliftsareeasiertocontrolandbuildingsthathavethemdonotneedthe

extraroomrequiredbyhydraulicsystems.Bythe1850s,thesetypesofliftshad

beenpoweredbywaterpressureorsteam.DuringtheIndustrialRevolution,lifts

were_____.

widelyusedintallbuildings

poweredbyahydraulicsystem

A:

rarelyusedinfactoriesandmines

B:

independentofthepublicwatersystem

C:

答D:案：B

解析：根據(jù)題干theIndustrialRevolution定位到第4段。根據(jù)段中Theseliftswere

oftenbasedonahydraulic（液壓的）system.直接選B。

14、【單選題】Whileyou'reinalift,waitingtoreachyourfloor,doyouever

wonderwhocameupwiththeidea?Probablynot.Wejustexpecttohavesafelifts

inbuildings.LiftsexistedasfarbackasancientRome.Buttheancient"lifts"

weren'tclosedcars.Theyweresimpleplatforms.Theyweretypicallyusedtoraise

upwaterforfarmingorliftheavybuildingmaterialssuchasstones.These

liftswerepoweredbyanimals,peopleorevenwaterwheels.Thefirstmodem

passengerliftwasbuiltforKingLouisXVin1743.TheKingsliftwasinstalled

（安裝）ontheoutsideofhispalace.Itwentfromthefirsttothesecondfloor.

TheKingentereditfromhisbalcony,andthenmenraisedandloweredthelift

throughtheuseofropesandwheels.Liftsbecamemorecommoninthemid-1800s

duringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhentheytransportedgoodsinfactoriesand

mines.Theseliftswereoftenbasedonahydraulic（液壓的）system.However,this

typeofliftswasimpracticalfortallbuildings,althoughitbecamepopular

becauseitcouldoperatewiththepublicwatersystem.Anotherliftdesign(and

theonefoundmostoftentodayinpassengerlifts)usesacablesystem,inwhich

ropesraiseandlowerthecarbymeansofawheelandgear（齒輪）system.These

typesofliftsareeasiertocontrolandbuildingsthathavethemdonotneedthe

extraroomrequiredbyhydraulicsystems.Bythe1850s,thesetypesofliftshad

beenpoweredbywaterpressureorsteam.Theliftbasedonacablesystem_____.

needsnowheels

isnotusedtoday

A:

takesmorespace

B:

iseasytooperate

C:

答D:案：D

解析：根據(jù)題干cablesystem定位到文章5、6段。由第6段中，Thesetypesoflifts

areeasiertocontrolandbuildingsthathavethemdonotneedtheextraroom

requiredbyhydraulicsystems.可見(jiàn)，easiertocontrol與題干中iseasyto

operate是同義替換。

15、【單選題】Whileyou'reinalift,waitingtoreachyourfloor,doyouever

wonderwhocameupwiththeidea?Probablynot.Wejustexpecttohavesafelifts

inbuildings.LiftsexistedasfarbackasancientRome.Buttheancient"lifts"

weren'tclosedcars.Theyweresimpleplatforms.Theyweretypicallyusedtoraise

upwaterforfarmingorliftheavybuildingmaterialssuchasstones.These

liftswerepoweredbyanimals,peopleorevenwaterwheels.Thefirstmodem

passengerliftwasbuiltforKingLouisXVin1743.TheKingsliftwasinstalled

（安裝）ontheoutsideofhispalace.Itwentfromthefirsttothesecondfloor.

TheKingentereditfromhisbalcony,andthenmenraisedandloweredthelift

throughtheuseofropesandwheels.Liftsbecamemorecommoninthemid-1800s

duringtheIndustrialRevolutionwhentheytransportedgoodsinfactoriesand

mines.Theseliftswereoftenbasedonahydraulic（液壓的）system.However,this

typeofliftswasimpracticalfortallbuildings,althoughitbecamepopular

becauseitcouldoperatewiththepublicwatersystem.Anotherliftdesign(and

theonefoundmostoftentodayinpassengerlifts)usesacablesystem,inwhich

ropesraiseandlowerthecarbymeansofawheelandgear（齒輪）system.These

typesofliftsareeasiertocontrolandbuildingsthathavethemdonotneedthe

extraroomrequiredbyhydraulicsystems.Bythe1850s,thesetypesofliftshad

beenpoweredbywaterpressureorsteam.Whichofthefollowingisthebest

titleforthetext?

EarlyHistoryofLifts

PopularityofLifts

A:

StructureofLifts

B:

Usesof