PublicHealthPracticeandImprovementFrameworkPracticesandEssentialservices公共衛生實踐改善框架實踐和關鍵服務PublicHealthPracticeandImp1PublichealthInfrastructuregoal公共衛生基礎設施目標Everyhealthdepartmentbetterprepared每一個衛生部門都應該準備好Everycommunitybetterprotected◆每一個社區都受很好的保護hatdoesittaketobefullyprepared?如何才能做好充分的準備?PublichealthInfrastructureg2Stepone第一步1.DevelopaCommunityHealthAssessmentPlanfilE社區衛生評估計劃2.GatherMostImportantData收集重要數據3.InterprettheData對數據進行分析Report撰寫報告bief,簡潔tothepoint,重點突出◆cleardata數據明晰◆specificrecommendations明確的建議Stepone3AssessmentEssentialServices評價關鍵服務1.Monitorhealthstatustoidentifycommunityhealthproblems監測衛生現狀,確定社區衛生問題2.Diagnoseandinvestigatehealthproblemsandhealthhazardsinthecommunity診斷和調查社區的衛生問題和健康危害3.Evaluateeffectiveness,accessibility,andqualityof性可獲得性以及個人和人群健康服務的質量”personalandpopulation-basedhealthservicesitAssessment4CausesofPrematureDeathintheU.s.19901990年美國過早死亡的原因Cause原因%oftotaldeaths總死亡Tobacco煙草38%Diet/activitypatterns飲食/運動模式28Alcohol酒精10%Microbialagents微生物8%Toxicagents毒物6%Firearms槍支4%Sexualbehavior性行為2%Motorvehicles交通事故2%Illicitdrugs非法毒品1%WhatwouldbetheleadingcausesinChina?在中國首要原因是什么?ource:McGinnisFoege,JAMA1993CausesofPrematureDeathint5WhatisMostImportanttoMonitor?Somepossiblecriteria監測的重點是什么?一些可能的標準Contributemosttoyearsofproductivelifelost?是否導致生產年的喪失?tAffectsotherregionsandcountries?是否影響其他的區域和國家?Couldbeimprovedgreatlwithgooddata是否可以通過好的數據顯著改善健康狀況WhatisMostImportanttoMoni6TopThreeHealthProblems?Agingproblems老齡化InfantDeath嬰兒死亡Cancers癌癥Infectiousdiseases傳染Childabuse/neglect病orphans虐待兒童MentalhealthproblemsDiabetes糖尿病神病DomesticⅤiolenceCar/Bikeinjuries車禍家庭暴力Rape性暴力Heartdisease/stroke心臟病中風Lungdisease肺病bloodpressure高血壓Sexualdiseases性病HV/AIDS艾滋病Suicide自殺Homicide他殺Other:其他TopThreeHealthProblems?7WhatWouldYouliketoachieveB2019?到2019年想要達到什么目標不?◆objectivesforchange目標DevelopAnObjective(Bywhen,whatwillbechanged,byhowmuchchange.forwhatgroup制定目標(何時、取得何種變化、變化多少、目標人群是哪個?)WhatWouldYouliketoachieve8LeadingHealthIndicators主要的健康指標Biologicalcausesofdeath,illnessInJury導致死亡、疾病、傷害的生物學因素◆Behaviorandlifestyle行為與生活方式Environment:qualityofair,water,foodland環境因素:空氣、水、食物土地的質量Immunizations免疫接種◆Accesstohealthcare衛生保健的獲LeadingHealthIndicators9ServicesneedtoAddressalldeterminantsofPublichealth解決公共健康所有決定因素所需要的服務LivingandworkingconditiendcomnPsychosocialfactors社會心理因素Employmentstatusandoccupationalfactors就業狀況和職業因素Socioeconomicstatus(incoeducation,occupation土會經濟狀況(收入,教育,職業)Overthelifespan公共衛生服務Healthcareservices醫療服務DoTpue"]s"leuoneu'loServicesneedtoAddressalld10【模板】公共衛生實踐模板課件11【模板】公共衛生實踐模板課件12【模板】公共衛生實踐模板課件13【模板】公共衛生實踐模板課件14【模板】公共衛生