Discoveringusefulstructuresunit5UNIT5WORKINGTHELANDLearningaboutlanguage—Discoveringusefulstructuresrecognizeandsummarizethefunctionandtherulesofthesubject-clause.summarizethesyntacticfunctionofthesubjectclauseconnectiveandtheusageofitastheformalsubject.beabletousethesubjectclausecorrectlyinwrittenandoralexpression.Learning

objectivesBytheendofthisclass,youwillbeableto:Grammar4.Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.

3.Smokingisbadforyou.1.Janeworkshard.5.Beingelectedasmonitorisanhonor.6.Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.7.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.8.Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.Subject（主語）AsentenceservedassubjectiscalledSubjectClause.2.Youareastudent.

主語：句子說明的人或事物,一般位于_____。句首3.Theoldshouldberespected.（名詞）（代詞）(名詞化的形容詞)（不定式）（動名詞）（句子）（動名詞）單句語法填空(1)(教材P50)However,

concernedhimmostwas

farm-

ersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodto

eat.(2)(教材P50)

thiscouldbedonewasachallengingquestionatthetime.

whatthatHow(3)(教材P50)However,

itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-

pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.(4)(教材P50)Today,

isestimated

about60percentof

domesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan's

hybridstrains,andhisstrainshaveallowedChina'sfarmerstoproducearound200

milliontonsofriceperyear.(5)(教材P51)

impressespeoplemostaboutYuanLongpingishison-goingabilitytofulfilhisdreams.whetheritthatWhatWhatdoesn’tkillyou

makesyoustronger!Whatdoesn’tkillyoumakesyouafighter!CouldyoufindouttheSubjectClauses?在復合句中充當主語作用位置謂語或系動詞之前WhatYuanLongpingreallycaredabout

wasnotmoneyorcelebrity.Translatethesentence.袁隆平真正關心的不是金錢或名人。ThatYuanLongpinghadrealizedhisdreamofseawaterricesurprisedthewholeworld.Translatethesentence.袁隆平實現了他“海水大米”的夢想震驚了全世界。Whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfamersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.Translatethesentence.最讓他擔心的是農民們常常收成不好，有時甚至嚴重缺乏食物。Whetheritwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasmatterofgreatdebate.Translatethesentence.是否有可能培育出一種像水稻這樣的自花授粉植物的雜交種是一個非常有爭議的問題。Howthiscouldbedonewaschallengingquestionatthetime.Translatethesentence.如何做到這一點在當時是一個具有挑戰性的問題。Itisestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan’shybridstrains.Translatethesentence.據估計，中國國內約60%的大米消費是由袁的雜交品種生產的。Summary主語從句連接詞從屬連詞：不作成分連接副詞：作狀語It作形式主語含義在句子中充當主語的句子就是主語從句連接代詞：作

主，賓，表，定語

從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作主,賓,表,定語）連接副詞（作狀語）what,who,whom,which,

whose,wh+everhow,when,where,whythat(無意義),whether/if主語從句的連接詞分類展評引導主語從句的關聯詞依據“缺什么補什么”原則確定正確的連詞。所謂“缺什么補什么”是指從句與連詞之間的關系。如果句子中缺主語，指人用who，指物用what。如缺賓語，指人用whom，指物用what。如缺時間狀語用when；地點狀語用where。

原因狀語用why；方式狀語用how。如缺定語用what或which或whose。如什么都不缺用that，Whether表“是否”。devote...to...movepeopletotearsYuandevotedallhislifetodevelopinghybridrice

movedallpeoplearoundtheworldtotears.That

從屬連詞That不做成分，沒有意義，不能省略。theboydidn’tknowtheanswermadetheteacherangry

maketheteacherangrydidn’tknowtheanswer

從屬連詞ThattacklethesituationdependonhisabilityHecantacklethesituation

dependsonhisability.ThatWhether

從屬連詞whether不做成分,但有意義，表“是否”retiretoalifeofleisureremaintobeseenHecanretiretoalifeofleisure

remainstobeseen.Whether

從屬連詞whether不做成分,但有意義，表“是否”boostyielduncleartheywillboostyield

isunclear.Whether從屬連詞whether不做成分,但有意義，表“是否”【練一練】1._________shelefthimmadehimheart-broken.2._________heisstillaliveisapieceofgoodnewstous.3._________hewillcomeornotisnotknownyet.4.___________hisfamilywouldsupporthimmadehimworried.5.Itdoesn’tmatter________yourhomeisinanoisydowntownorintheremotecountryside.6.It’suncertain__________theexperimentisworthdoing.7.________seatbeltssaveliveshasbeenprovenonceandagain.ThatThatwhetherwhether從屬連詞（不做成分）that,whetherWhetherWhetherThatattainsuccessunknownHeattainedsuccess

isunknown.How連接副詞做成分（狀語），有意義，不能省略。bombwillexplodeworrythemanthebombwillexplode

worriestheman.When連接副詞做成分（狀語），有意義，不能省略。【練一練】1.Exactly_________thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.2._______thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.3.Itremainsapuzzle_____dinosaursdiedoutsuddenlylongtimeago..______________wewillgotomorrowhasn’tbeendecidedyet.5.______theearthisbecomingwarmisagoodtopicforresearch.whenWhenwhyWhy連接副詞（作狀語）when,where,how,why……thecatdomade

Whatthecatdid

madethebabycry.cry連接代詞做成分（主語、賓語、表語），有意義，不能省略。convincehimtochangehismindarousemycuriositywouldconvincehimtochangehismind

arousedmycuriostity.Who連接代詞做成分（主語、賓語、表語），有意義，不能省略。digestwhattheteachersteachgethigherscorescandigestwhattheteachersteach

islikelytogethigherscores.Whoever連接代詞做成分（主語、賓語、表語），有意義，不能省略。【練一練】1.Morethan100studentshaveenteredforthecompetition,and____________gainsthemostpointswillbethewinner.2._______bothersmeisthatIcan’tkeepmymindonthetask,butonpersonalgainsorlosses.3.Somepeoplebelieve___________hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.4._______seemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.whoeverWhatwhatever連接代詞（作主語，賓語，表語）Whatwhat,who,whom,whose,which,wh+ever探尋規律1：

主語從句

主謂一致

問題1.Whetherthepatientwillbetaken

______unknown.2.Whenandwherethepatientwillbetaken_____unknown.3.Whenthetaskcanbefinishedandwhetherhecanhavearest________unknown.4.Whathewantsmost_________stayingwithhisfamily.

Whattheyneed_______masks(口罩).主句的謂語動詞，大多數使用_______(單數？復數？)由兩個連接詞引導同一個主從，謂動使用____(單數？復數？)主語為and連接的兩個主從時，謂動使用____(單數？復數？)what在主從中做賓語時，謂動由______決定單復數(主語？表語？)單數單數復數表語isisareis

areCompletethesentencesusingwhat,whether,where,

when,

who,why,how

or

that.1.(_____isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.3.(_______________wewillgotomorrow)hasn’t

beendecidedyet.2.(__________theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.4.(____canjoininthesportmeet)isdecidedbytheteacher.5.(________itwillrainornot)isnotclear.7.(_____theearthisasolidball)isknowntousall.WhatWhere/WhetherWhoWhetherThat6.(______theearthisbecomingwarm)isagoodtopicforresearch.WhyWhen/How主語從句應使用_________語序。1.Wherewewillhaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.

Wherewillwehaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.2.Howwegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.

Howdowegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.Rule3陳述句√√××探尋規律2：

主語從句的語序主語從句中it作形式主語的結構為了避免主語冗長，句子頭重腳輕。經常用it作形式主語。例：Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.=Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.it作形式主語clear,obvious,likely,probable,true…句型一形容詞It+be+形容詞+主語從句

做......是......的1.Itwassurprisingthatshepassedthedifficultexam.2.Itisnotclearwhetherhetoldalie.Attention：

此句型中的形容詞是important,necessary等時，從句應該使用虛擬語氣。例：Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.said,reported,believed,thought,announced…句型二過去分詞2.It+be+過去分詞+主語從句據......1.Itissaidthattheyareidenticaltwins.2.Itisreportedthatabigearthquakehitthearea.Attention：

如果過去分詞是suggested,ordered,required,advised,requested等表示建議、要求、命令等詞時，從句應該使用虛擬語氣。例：Itissuggestedthatstudents(should)maketheirbedbythemselves.apity，anhonor，agoodidea，afact,a/nosurprise，nowonder......句型三名詞3.It+be+名詞+主語從句做......是......的1.It

isapitythathemissedsuchaninterestingfilm,2.

Itisgoodnewsthathehasrecovered.seem,happen,appear,look,occur,turnout…句型四不及物動詞4.It+不及物動詞+主語從句1.It

happenedthattheywereoutthatday.碰巧那天他們不在家。2.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.

看起來要下雨了。worry,shock…句型五及物動詞5.It+及物動詞+賓語+主語從句Itshocksmethathefailedinthisexam.他沒通過考試，震驚到我了。【即時演練】1.____isafactthatEnglish

isbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.2.Itisuncertain_______hecancometoJenny’sbirthdaypartyornot.3._______hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.4.____isknowntousallthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.5.Everyyear,_______makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.ItwhetherThatItwhoever1.__________________(可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.2.__________________(很明顯)thismeasureiseffective.3._______________(很遺憾)welostthematch.4.________________(這是事實)hecheatedintheexam.5.____________________(據報道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.6._____________________(建議)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.7.__________________(碰巧)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.8._______________________(我突然想起)

Iforgetto

sendtheletter.ItispossiblethatItisobviousthatItisapitythatItisafactthatItisreportedthatItissuggestedthatIthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat【即時演練】主語從句中其他注意問題主語從句

主謂一致

問題1.Whetherthepatientwillbetaken______unknown.2.Whenandwherethepatientwillbetaken_____unknown.3.Whenthetaskcanbefinishedandwhetherhecanhavearest_____unknown.4.Whathewantsmost____stayingwithhisfamily.

Whattheyneed_______masks(口罩).單個從句做主語，大多數使用_______(單數？復數？)由兩個連接詞引導同一個主從，謂動使用_______(單數？復數？)主語為and連接的兩個主從時，謂動使用________(單數？復數？)what在主從中做賓語時，謂語的單復數取決它后面的_______。單數單數復數isisareis

are表語Summary主語從句that表是否：whether從句不完整從句完整默默守候的連詞默默守候的連接副詞表時間：when表地點：where表原因：why表方式：how樂于參與的連接代詞需要補充成分人：who,whom,whose事物：what哪一個：which需要補充成分+表無論…時whateverwhoeverwhicheverPractice.Translatethesentences.我沒想到的是，現在養老院是一床難求。(that)事實證明，保持快樂的心態會降低得心臟病的風險。（It）聽書是否會打消孩子自己去讀這本書的積極性還沒有定論。(discourage)

WhatIdidn’t

expect

is

that

it

is

very

hard

to

find

a

bed

in

the

nursing

house

fortheaged.Itisprovedthatkeepingahappymindreducestheriskofheartdiseases.Whetherlisteningtoabookwilldiscouragechildrenfromreadingitontheirownremainsaquestion.高考鏈接(2022高二下·和平期末)It'strue______innerbeautyisveryimportant,butexternalbeautyshouldn'tbecompletelyoverlooked.A．how B．why C．that D．what2.(2022高一下·靜安期中)__________morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.A．Whether B．This C．Who D．I