第第頁2022-2023學年陜西省西安市重點中學高一上學期期末英語試題（原卷版+解析版，無聽力音頻無聽力原文）2022-2023-1高一年級期末考試

英語試卷

時間：120分鐘滿分：120分

第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分20分)

第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置，聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatdidthewomanforgettodo

A.Makeaninvitation.B.Orderacake.C.Reserveatable.

2.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutlearningEnglish

A.Excited.B.Bored.C.Disappointed.

3.Whatwillthemandonext

A.Watchagame.

B.Helpthewoman.

C.Changehisshoes.

4.What’stheoriginalpriceofthebag

A.$17.B.$14.C.$12.

5.Whydoesthemanapologizetothewoman

A.Helosthergift.

B.Heshoutedather.

C.Hedisturbedhersleeping.

第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whenwillthespeakers’flighttakeoff

A.At3:15.B.At3:45.C.At4:00.

7.Whatarethespeakersdoing

A.Runningattheairport.B.Takingataxi.C.Bookingaflight.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakersprobably

A.Friends.

B.Motherandson.

C.Brotherandsister.

9.Whatdoesthemanintendtodo

A.Talktohisneighbor.

B.Turndownthemusic.

C.Buyapresent.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatdidthewomancomplainaboutherjoblastweek

A.Thelowsalary.

B.Thestrictboss.

C.Theboringcoworkers.

11.Whydoesthewomanchoosejuiceinsteadofcoffee

A.Shedislikescoffee.

B.Shealwayslikesjuice.

C.Shewantstokeepfit.

12.Wherearethespeakersprobably

A.Atagym.B.Inacafe.C.Atanoffice.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Howdidthemangettoknowtheroomforrent

A.Fromhisfriend.

BOntheInternet.

C.Throughthenewspaper.

14.Whatdoesthewindowoftheroomface

A.Astreet.B.Alake.C.Awood.

15.Whyhasthebathroomdownstairsbeenunusedforalongtime

A.Thewoman’skidshavemovedout.

B.Thebrokentoilethasn’tbeenrepaired.

C.Oldfurniturehasbeenstoredthere.

16.Howmuchshouldthemanpayfortherentinthefirstplace

A.$2,400.B.$4,800.C.$8,000.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.HowlonghasMr.Brownbeenworkinginthecompany

A.For30years.B.For20years.C.For10years.

18.WhatisMr.Browntryingtotalkabout

A.Whatemployeesarewelcomed.

B.Howtolearnnewskills.

C.Whatknowledgeismorepowerful.

19.Whatbelongstosoftskills

A.Acertainsoftware.

B.Learningability.

C.Effectivecommunication.

20.WhatisTexasStateUniversitypreparingstudentsfor

A.Jobinterviews.

B.Specialtrips.

C.Socialexperience.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分35分)

第一節(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

GetInvolved!MakeaDonation!

Sowhatisrewilding

Imagineournaturalhomesgrowinginsteadofshrinking.Imaginespecies(物種)diversifyinginsteadofdeclining.That'srewilding.Rewildingisecologicalrestoration.Rewildingoffershopeforwildlife,humansandtheplanet.

Whyisrewildingimportantandnecessary

●Ournaturalecologyisbroken.Theplaceswhereyouwouldexpectwildlifetoexisthavebeenreducedtowetdeserts.Theseabedhasbeendestroyedandtherehavebeennolivingcreaturesanymore.

●Ourwildlifeisdisappearing.Manywonderfulspecieshavedeclinedoverthepastcentury.We'velostmoreofourlargeanimalsthananyEuropeancountry.

●Weneedkeystonespecies.Thesevitalspecies,includingtoppredators(食肉動物),driveecologicalprocesses.Theirlosshasworsenedourlivingsystems.

●Naturelooksafterus.Goodnaturalecologycanprovideuswithcleanairandwater,preventfloodingandstorecarbon.Rewildingcanleavetheworldinabetterstatethanitistoday.

Whatarechallenges

Asalong-termproject,our“rewildingbritain”hasitschallenges.Manypeoplearenotinterested,becausewehavegotusedtothelackofnativeforests.Manyfarmersopposetheidea.Theythoughtitacrazyideatobringbackpredatorsbecausetheywouldstartkillingfarmanimals.Ittakestimetoeducatethem.Aboveall,weneedmoney!Soweneedyourhelp!

Makeadonation.

Helpusbringbacklivingsystemsandrestorewildnature!

Withyourhelpwecan...

●Openupnewchancesforrewildingandpushforchange.

●Developtoolstoeducate,influenceandspreadtheword.

Thanksforyoursupport.

1.Whichofthefollowingistheresultofrewilding

A.Speciesbecomevarious.B.Alotofanimalsdisappear.

C.Environmentsaredestroyed.D.Naturaldisastershappenregularly.

2.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthechallengesatpresentis_______.

A.people'sdoubtsB.alackofvolunteers

C.ashortageoftimeD.farmers'disagreement

3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage

A.Tointroduceanewproject.

B.Tocallonpeopletogivemoney.

C.Towarnpeopleofthenaturalecology.

D.Toconvincepeopletochangetheirmind.

【答案】1.A2.D3.B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹了一個名叫“rewildingbritain”的再野生化項目的具體情況，并號召人們為這個項目捐款。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第一段前三句“Imagineournaturalhomesgrowinginsteadofshrinking.Imaginespecies(物種)diversifyinginsteadofdeclining.That’srewilding.”可知當我們對物種進行再野生化的時候，我們的自然家園會擴大而不是萎縮，自然物種會變得更加多樣而不是減少。也就是說物種會變得多樣化，故A項正確。

【2題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第六段前三句“Asalong-termproject,our“rewildingbritain”hasitschallenges.Manypeoplearenotinterested,becausewehavegotusedtothelackofnativeforests.Manyfarmersopposetheidea.”可知這是一個長期項目，會有很多挑戰。很多農民會反對這個項目。故D項正確。

【3題詳解】

目的意圖題。根據文章最后一部分“Makeadonation.Helpusbringbacklivingsystemsandrestorewildnature!”可知本文主要是為了號召人們為“rewildingbritain”項目捐款。故B項正確。

B

ACaliforniahighschoolstudentrecentlytooktophonoursataworldwidesciencecompetition.JeffreyChenwontheBreakthroughJuniorChallengeprizeinscienceearlierthismonth.Theprizecomeswith$250,000thatChencanuseforcollege.TheaimoftheBreakthroughJuniorChallengeistoinfluenceyoungpeoplesotheywillthinkcreativelyinscienceandmathematics.Studentsaged13—18produceshortvideoswhichexplainacomplexscienceormathsubjectinaninterestingway.

The17-year-oldChenwaschosenover14otherfinalistsfromtheUnitedStates,CanadaandIndia.Thejudgesincludedseveralwell-knownscientistsandeducators.BrankoMalaverojvodic,18,ofPeru,wonthechallenge’s“PopularVote”contest.Hereceivedmorethan16,000likes,sharesandpositivereactionsforhisvideooncryptography(密碼學).YoucanwatchitandtheothervideosontheBreakthroughFacebookpage.

Inhisprize-winningvideo,onYouTube,JeffreyChentalksaboutneutrinos(中微子).“Thisisaneutrino.Youcan’tseeorfeelthem,buteverysecondeachofusarebombardedwithtrillionsofthem.”Chenexplainsneutrinosareparticlesthataresmallerthananatom.Hetalksabouthowtheycanbeusedinastronomy.

Thecompetitionwasopentostudentsfromaroundtheworld.Morethan11,000studentscompetedinthe2023competition.SalKhan,thefounderofKhanAcademy,praisedChen’ssciencevideo.“Jefferyisanaturalsciencecommunicator,”Khansaid.ACalifornianewspaper,TheDailyJournal,saidthecompetitioncombinedChen’stwogreatinterests—astronomyandfilm-makingandheartfullyexplainsacomplextopandmakesiteasiertounderstand.Chensaidhehopestocontinuecombininghisinterestsashestudiesenvironmentaltechnologyincollege.Hewantstoworkonclimatechange.

4.Howdothestudentsparticipateinthecompetition

A.Bymakingshortvideos.B.Bydesigningawebsite.

C.Bytellingfunnystories.D.Byface-to-facedebate.

5.What’stheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedword“bombarded”inParagraph3

A.Hitagainst.B.Knockeddown.C.Laughedat.D.Puzzledby.

6.WhatdoestheCalifornianewspaperthinkofChen’svideo

A.Interestingandshocking.B.Funnyandinstructive.

C.Scientificandartistic.D.Vividlyandspecific.

7.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage

A.ATeenTakesTopSciencePrize

B.TheBreakthroughJuniorChallenge

C.MethodsofMakingShortVideos

D.StudentsParticipateintheCompetitionActively

【答案】4.A5.A6.C7.A

【解析】

【導語】本文為一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個青少年獲得了科學競賽最高榮譽獎的事跡。

【4題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Studentsaged13-18produceshortvideoswhichexplainacomplexscienceormathsubjectinaninterestingway.(13-18歲的學生制作短視頻，以有趣的方式解釋復雜的科學或數學學科)”可知，學生們通過制作短視頻來參加比賽。故選A項。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據文章第三段“Thisisaneutrino.Youcan’tseeorfeelthem,buteverysecondeachofusarebombardedwithtrillionsofthem.(這是一個中微子。你看不見或感覺不到它們，但我們每一秒鐘都被數萬億個它們bombarded)”及“Chenexplainsneutrinosareparticlesthataresmallerthananatom.Hetalksabouthowtheycanbeusedinastronomy.(陳解釋說，中微子是比原子還小的粒子。他談到了如何在天文學中使用它們)”可知，此處表示“被中微子轟炸、撞擊”，bombarded與Hitagainst“撞擊”意思相近。故選A項。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“ACalifornianewspaper,TheDailyJournal,saidthecompetitioncombinedChen’stwogreatinterests—astronomyandfilm-makingandheartfullyexplainsacomplextopandmakesiteasiertounderstand.(加州報紙《每日日報》稱，這場比賽結合了陳的兩大興趣——天文學和電影制作，他巧妙地解釋了一個復雜的問題，使之更容易理解)”可知，加州報紙認為陳的視頻具有科學特性，且他將科學巧妙地呈現出來，是既科學又藝術的過程。故選C項。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“ACaliforniahighschoolstudentrecentlytooktophonoursataworldwidesciencecompetition.JeffreyChenwontheBreakthroughJuniorChallengeprizeinscienceearlierthismonth.(最近，一名加州高中生在一場全球科學競賽中獲得了最高榮譽。本月早些時候，杰弗里·陳獲得了“突破青少年挑戰獎”)”及全文內容可知，本文講述了一個青少年獲得了科學競賽最高榮譽獎的事跡。由此可知，A選項“ATeenTakesTopSciencePrize(一個青少年獲得最高科學獎)”適合作為最佳標題。故選A項。

C

Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries,buthowaboutthewesternworlditselfSurprisingly,acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.

ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmilesometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Europeans,onthecontrary,smilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood,orfeelamused;ifnot,aEuropean’sfacewillremainneutralorevendull.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious,orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumour.

Thesamereferstocommunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelycommunicative;smalltalksandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay,andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully,consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward,evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicehisopinionondifferentoccasions,andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.

ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopen-minded,flexible,andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically;butatthesametime,Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrectwhich,inmostcases,isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice,butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatecommunication,sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans,onthecontrary,aremorestraightforward,preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofcommunicationisdifferent-neitheriscorrectorincorrect.

8.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling

A.Itisculture-relatedwithinwesterncountries.

B.Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.

C.ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.

D.ItisregardedasasocialnecessityinEurope.

9.WhatistypicalofEuropeans’communication

A.Beatingaroundthebush.B.Havingsmalltalksandchats.

C.Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D.Expressingthemselvesopenly.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto

A.Beingstraightforward.

B.Beingpoliticallycorrect.

C.Acceptingeverythingnew.

D.Raisingunbelievableconservatives.

11.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped

A.Byanalysingcauseandeffect.

B.Bymakingcomparisons.

C.Byclassifyingbodylanguage.

DBydiscussingresearchfindings.

【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B

【解析】

【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要講述了西方國家間的文化差異，包括微笑和交流等方面。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmilesometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Europeans,onthecontrary,smilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood,orfeelamused;(大多數米國人最明顯的特點是他們經常微笑。他們是否有足夠的理由微笑并不重要，有時只是因為他們不得不笑。相反，歐洲人只在心情好或覺得有趣時才會微笑)”可知，本段講解了米國人、歐洲人對于微笑的不同解讀，據此可以推知，微笑與西方文化有關。故選A項。

【9題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Europeansaremorestraightforward,evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicehisopinionondifferentoccasions,andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.(歐洲人更直率，即使是面對不熟悉的人。一個歐洲朋友幾乎總是會在不同的場合表達他的意見，并且會毫不猶豫地提醒你，你需要減肥或洗個澡)”可知，歐洲人通常坦誠地表達自己。故選D項。

【10題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrectwhich,inmostcases,isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice,(米國人在政治上非常正確，在大多數情況下，這確實是一種安全和有益的做法)”可知，it指代上文提到的米國人政治正確這件事。故選B項。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmilesometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Europeans,onthecontrary,smilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood,orfeelamused;(大多數米國人最明顯的特點是他們經常微笑。他們是否有足夠的理由微笑并不重要，有時只是因為他們不得不笑。相反，歐洲人只在心情好或覺得有趣時才會微笑)”及第三段“Americansareextremelycommunicative;smalltalksandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay,andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.(米國人非常健談；閑聊是很常見的。歐洲人大多在有話要說的時候才說話，很少為了和別人說話而進行交流)”及全文可知，通過分析米國人和歐洲人對微笑的不同理解以及通常在交際中的不同表現來展開文章。由此推知，是通過作比較來展開文章的。故選B項。

D

FridayandSaturdaywerefullofsurprisesforChinese,astwoplacesinChinawerelistedasUNESCOWorldHeritagesites.Thefirst,aWorldNaturalHeritage,iscomposedofaseriesofmigratorybirdsanctuaries(候鳥保護地)alongthecoastoftheYellowSeainYancheng,EastChina’sJiangsuProvince.Thesecond,theLiangzhuArchaeologicalSiteinHangzhou,EastChina’sZhejiangProvince,waslistedasaWorldCulturalHeritagesite.

Chinabegantheapplicationprocessforthebirdsanctuariesin2023.Itonlytooktwoyearstosuccessfullycompletetheprocess.ThemigratorybirdsanctuariesarethecentralnodeoftheEastAsian-AustralasianFlywayandmanyendangeredspecies,especiallythreatenedmigratorybirdsincludingred-crownedcranesandflamingos,gotheretohuntforfoodduringthemigrationseason.Thebirdsusuallytakeamonthtofinishtheirmigration.Atabout10daysintotheirmigration,theymuststopandfindfoodinordertohavetheenergytocontinuetheirjourney.

ComparedtotheshortturnaroundfortheWorldNaturalHeritage’sapplication,theLiangzhuapplicationwasfarmorecomplicated.Theapplicationteamspentsixyearsmakingtheirdreamareality.ThesiteinLiangzhuisevidenceoftheexistenceofanearlyregionalstateinthelowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiverduringthelateNeolithicperiodinChina,whichhelpsfillinthegapsinthehistoryoftherice-cultivatingcivilizationsofChinaandEastAsiamorethan5000yearsago.Thesitewasoneofthe20thcentury’smostimportantarchaeologicaldiscoveriesinChina.

Withthesetwonewadditions,Chinanowhas55WorldHeritagesites,thehighestnumberintheworld.Thesuccessfulapplicationmeansgreaterresponsibilityandobligations(義務).Protectingtheseplacesismuchmoreimportantandisourfuturework.

12.Whatisspecialaboutthemigratorybirdsanctuaries

A.It’sthefirstChina’sworldnaturalheritageonthesea.

B.Itprovidessafehabitatsforendangeredspecies.

C.It’slocatedalongthecoastoftheYellowRiver.

D.Itsuppliesabundantfreshwatertomigratorybirds.

13.AccordingtoParagraph2,howdomigratorybirdsanctuariesprotectbirds

A.Bycreatingwarmplacestoproducebabybirds.

B.Bypreventingthemfrombeingkilledbyhunters.

C.Byprovidingfoodsuppliesduringtheirmigration.

D.Bycuringtheendangeredbirdsaftertheirjourney.

14.WhyisLiangzhuchosenfortheworldheritagesite

A.ItshowsthelonghistoryofChina.

B.Itprovesthewisdomofthepeople.

C.Itwitnessesthecivilizationofanage.

D.ItrevealsthefoodofthelateNeolithic.

15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlytalkingabout

A.Theapplicationsuccess’spromotionoftourism.

B.Chineseresponsibilitiesafterthesuccessfulapplication.

C.Thetwoplaces’influenceonChinesehistory.

D.Chinesechallengeofprotectingbirds’migration.

【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.B

【解析】

【導語】本文為一篇新聞報道，講述了中國的兩個地方——中國東部江蘇省鹽城黃海沿岸的一系列候鳥保護區和中國東部浙江省杭州市的良渚考古遺址被聯合國教科文組織列為世界遺產的事跡。

【12題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第一段“FridayandSaturdaywerefullofsurprisesforChinese,astwoplacesinChinawerelistedasUNESCOWorldHeritagesites.Thefirst,aWorldNaturalHeritage,iscomposedofaseriesofmigratorybirdsanctuariesalongthecoastoftheYellowSeainYancheng,EastChina’sJiangsuProvince.(對于中國人來說，周五和周六充滿了驚喜，因為中國的兩個地方被聯合國教科文組織列為世界遺產。第一個是世界自然遺產，由中國東部江蘇省鹽城黃海沿岸的一系列候鳥保護區組成)”可知，候鳥保護區是中國第一個海上世界自然遺產。故選A項。

【13題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第二段“ThemigratorybirdsanctuariesarethecentralnodeoftheEastAsian-AustralasianFlywayandmanyendangeredspecies,especiallythreatenedmigratorybirdsincludingred-crownedcranesandflamingos,gotheretohuntforfoodduringthemigrationseason.Thebirdsusuallytakeamonthtofinishtheirmigration.Atabout10daysintotheirmigration,theymuststopandfindfoodinordertohavetheenergytocontinuetheirjourney.(候鳥保護區是東亞——澳大拉西亞遷徙路線的中心節點，許多瀕危物種，特別是丹頂鶴和火烈鳥等受威脅的候鳥，在遷徙季節都會到那里覓食。這些鳥通常需要一個月才能完成遷徙。在遷徙的第10天左右，它們必須停下來尋找食物，以便有能量繼續它們的旅程)”可知，候鳥保護區通過在遷徙過程中提供食物來幫助鳥類。故選C項。

【14題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第三段“ThesiteinLiangzhuisevidenceoftheexistenceofanearlyregionalstateinthelowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiverduringthelateNeolithicperiodinChina,whichhelpsfillinthegapsinthehistoryoftherice-cultivatingcivilizationsofChinaandEastAsiamorethan5000yearsago.(良渚遺址是中國新石器時代晚期長江下游早期區域國家存在的證據，它有助于填補5000多年前中國和東亞水稻栽培文明史上的空白)”可知，良渚被選為世界文化遺產是由于它見證了一個時代的文明。故選C項。

15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據文章最后一段“Withthesetwonewadditions,Chinanowhas55WorldHeritagesites,thehighestnumberintheworld.Thesuccessfulapplicationmeansgreaterresponsibilityandobligations.Protectingtheseplacesismuchmoreimportantandisourfuturework.(加上這兩處新的世界遺產，中國現在有55處世界遺產，是世界上最多的。成功的申請意味著更大的責任和義務。保護這些地方更為重要，也是我們未來的工作)”可知，最后一段講述了在申請成功后中國人的保護職責。故選B項。

第二節(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Musicmakesyoumorecreative.____16____,theycomeupwithmorecreativesolutions,accordingtoresearchers.Itmaybebecausemusicimprovesyourbrain’sflexibility.Anotherreasonmaybethatitrelaxesyouenoughforthecreativejuicestoflow.Butdon’tplaymusictooloudly.

Musiccanhelpduringsurgery.____17____.Aftersurgery,ithelpsreducepain.Ananalysisof73studiesconfirmedthatlisteningtomusicbefore,duringoraftersurgeryreducesanxietyandpainlevels,whichinturnmeanslesspainmedication.

____18____.Studieshavefoundthatwhenyou’rerunning,bikingorwalking,you’llgofartherwithmusicon.Musicrelievesyourdiscomfortandmotivatesyoutostayon.Theeffectissoobviouslygreatthattheauthorofareviewexaminingthepsychologicaleffectsofmusiconexercisecalledmusicatypeoflegalperformance-improvementdrug.

Musicaidssleep.Listeningtomusicbeforebedcanhelpyoufallasleepfasterandwakeuplessoftenduringthenight.____19____.Inonestudy,seniorswithsleepproblemswholistenedto45minutesofsoftslowmusicbeforebedreporteda35percentimprovementintheirsleep.

Musicgetsyoutoignorethepassingoftime.Scientistshaveshownrepeatedlythatpeoplejudgeaperiodofwaitingshorterwhenmusicisplaying.Businessmenusethattotheiradvantage,playingmusicsoyoustaylongerandspendmore.Forinstance,moredrinksandfoodaresoldinbarsandrestaurantswhenmusicisplayed.____20____.

A.Thenyouplayapieceofbriefmusic

B.Inthiscase,you’llfeelmorerelaxedinthemorning

C.Whenmusicisplayedvaryingfromonetunetoanother

D.Musicmakesyougetridoftheideaofquittingaworkout

E.Whenpeoplelistentohappymusicratherthansitinsilence

F.Listeningtomusicbeforesurgeryhasbeenshowntoeaseanxiety

G.Andgrocerysalesincreaseby38percentwhenthebackgroundmusicisslow

【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.B20.G

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了音樂的一些好處。

【16題詳解】

根據后文“theycomeupwithmorecreativesolutions,accordingtoresearchers.Itmaybebecausemusicimprovesyourbrain’sflexibility.Anotherreasonmaybethatitrelaxesyouenoughforthecreativejuicestoflow.(研究人員表示，他們會想出更有創意的解決方案。這可能是因為音樂提高了大腦的靈活性。另一個原因可能是它讓你足夠放松，讓你的創造力得以迸發。)”可知，本句是在說明當人們聽著音樂時，他們會更有創造力。故E選項“Whenpeoplelistentohappymusicratherthansitinsilence(當人們聽快樂的音樂而不是安靜地坐著)”說明當人們聽快樂的音樂時會更有創造力，符合上下文語境，故選E。

【17題詳解】

根據后文“Aftersurgery,ithelpsreducepain.Ananalysisof73studiesconfirmedthatlisteningtomusicbefore,duringoraftersurgeryreducesanxietyandpainlevels,whichinturnmeanslesspainmedication.(手術后，它有助于減輕疼痛。一項對73項研究的分析證實，在手術前、手術中或手術后聽音樂可以減輕焦慮和疼痛程度，從而減少止痛藥的使用。)”可知，空后說的是手術后聽音樂的好處，那空格處應該說手術前的作用，F選項“Listeningtomusicbeforesurgeryhasbeenshowntoeaseanxiety(手術前聽音樂可以緩解焦慮)”說明了手術前聽音樂的好處，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。

【18題詳解】

空格處是本段主題句，根據后文“Studieshavefoundthatwhenyou’rerunning,bikingorwalking,you’llgofartherwithmusicon.Musicrelievesyourdiscomfortandmotivatesyoutostayon.(研究發現，當你跑步、騎自行車或散步時，聽著音樂你會走得更遠。音樂可以緩解你的不適，激勵你堅持下去。)”可知，運動時聽音樂能讓人堅持下去，走得更遠，打消放棄的念頭，D選項“Musicmakesyougetridoftheideaofquittingaworkout(音樂能讓你打消放棄鍛煉的念頭)”說明了音樂可以幫助打消放棄鍛煉的念頭，概括了本段主旨，可作為主題句，故選D。

【19題詳解】

根據上文“Musicaidssleep.Listeningtomusicbeforebedcanhelpyoufallasleepfasterandwakeuplessoftenduringthenight.(音樂有助于睡眠。睡前聽音樂可以幫助你更快入睡，減少夜間醒來的次數。)”可知，音樂有助于睡眠質量的提高，那么結果就是人們早上醒來會感到更放松。故B選項“Inthiscase,you’llfeelmorerelaxedinthemorning(在這種情況下，你會在早上感覺更放松)”符合上下文語境，故選B。

【20題詳解】

根據上文“Scientistshaveshownrepeatedlythatpeoplejudgeaperiodofwaitingshorterwhenmusicisplaying.Businessmenusethattotheiradvantage,playingmusicsoyoustaylongerandspendmore.Forinstance,moredrinksandfoodaresoldinbarsandrestaurantswhenmusicisplayed.(科學家們已經反復證明，當播放音樂時，人們認為等待的時間會縮短。商人們利用這一點，播放音樂，讓你待得更久，花得更多。例如，當播放音樂時，酒吧和餐館出售更多的飲料和食物。)”可知，上文舉例說明利用音樂讓人買得更多的例子，空格處也應該是利用音樂讓人買得更多的例子，G選項“Andgrocerysalesincreaseby38percentwhenthebackgroundmusicisslow(當背景音樂緩慢時，雜貨店的銷售額會增長38%)”說明了當背景音樂緩慢時，雜貨店的銷售額會增長38%，也就是人們買得更多，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選G。

第三部分語言運用(共三節，滿分50分)

第一節(共30小題;每小題1分，滿分30分)

A

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Lastsummer,Ihadjustenoughmoneysavedtobuyagoldenticket-a3-monthtrainpassthatwouldtakemetothefurthestreachesofEurope.Excitedformyjourney,I____21____allthenecessarystuff-____22____theguidebook.

Whilethe____23____oftheInternetwasdefinitelya____24____factortomydecision,thiswasnottheonlyreasonIdecidedtoflyalone.

Tobehonest,Ifindtheguidebook____25____ajourney-likeabossyauntwhoisalwaystellingyouwhattodo,____26____shedoesn’talwaysknowwhat’sbest.____27____hastaughtmethatthereisaclear____28____betweenatouristandatraveler.

WhilewaitinginaqueuetoseeMichelangelo’sStatueofDavidinFlorence,Imetamanwhoshowedmehis____29____of“Top20ThingstodoinItaly”andtoldusproudlythathe’d“seen”everythingItalyto_____30_____injustfourdays.

TheproblemIhadwiththisman’swayoftravelingwasthathewastoofocusedon_____31_____boxesprovidedbyhisguidebook.Hewas_____32_____intheso-called“must-sees”andblindtoallwashappeningsomewhereelse.

So,guidebook-lessaswewere,mycompanionandItraveledtoEstonia.Arrivingfornogoodreasonwehadnooptionbutto_____33_____somefriendlyfacesforadvice.Weintroducedourselvesandaskedthemwhatwashappeningaroundtown.Whenthisresultedinan_____34_____toabeautifulEstonianhomebyariverwhereweenjoyedthegood_____35_____ofourfivenew-foundEstonianfriends,wesureweregladwehadleftourbossyauntathome.

21.A.loadedB.collectedC.packedD.selected

22.A.exceptB.withC.includingD.besides

23.A.competenceB.convenienceC.instanceD.performance

24.A.demandingB.contributingC.strikingD.thrilling

25.A.limitsB.influencesC.confusesD.encourages

26.A.incaseB.asthoughC.eventhoughD.ifonly

27.A.RegulationB.CommunicationC.IntelligenceD.Experience

28.A.relationshipB.connectionC.similarityD.difference

29.A.listB.bookC.fileD.summary

30.A.recommendB.offerC.discoverD.order

31.A.countingB.followingC.drawingD.ticking

32.A.involvedB.interestedC.lostD.engaged

33.A.approachB.grabC.spotD.seize

34.A.applicationB.accessC.entranceD.invitation

35.A.qualityB.companyC.possessionD.advice

【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B25.A26.C27.D28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B

【解析】

【導語】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文。在文章中寫了有指南的旅游和沒有指南的旅游是有很大不同的，并詳細地描述了自己不帶指南旅游的樂趣。

【21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我為這次旅行感到興奮，把所有必需的東西都打包好了——除了旅行指南。A.loaded裝載；B.collected收集；C.packed打包；D.selected選擇。根據“Excitedformyjourney”可知，去旅游很高興，打包了必需品。故選C項。

【22題詳解】

考查介詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.except除了；B.with和……一起；C.including包括；D.besides除了。根據最后一段“So,guidebook-lessaswewere,mycompanionandItraveledtoEstonia.”可知，沒有帶旅游指南。故選A項。

【23題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然互聯網的便利絕對是促成我決定的一個因素，但這并不是我決定獨自飛行的唯一原因。A.competence能力；B.convenience便利；C.instance例子；D.performance表現、表演。根據“oftheInternet”可知，互聯網上可以查閱關于旅游目的地的信息，十分便利。故選B項。

【24題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.demanding高要求的；B.contributing有貢獻的、起作用的；C.striking驚人的；D.thrilling令人激動的。根據“Whilethe____3____oftheInternetwasdefinitelya____4____factortomydecision”可知，互聯網的便利是促成旅行的一個因素。故選B項。

【25題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：老實說，我發現旅游指南限制了一次旅行——就像一個專橫的阿姨，她總是告訴你該做什么，即使她并不總是知道什么是最好的。A.limits限制；B.influences影響；C.confuses使……困惑；D.encourages鼓勵。根據“likeabossyauntwhoisalwaystellingyouwhattodo”可知，旅游指南會限制旅行。故選A項。

【26題詳解】

考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.incase以防；B.asthough似乎；C.eventhough即使；D.ifonly但愿。根據“shedoesn’talwaysknowwhat’sbest”可知，即使阿姨不知道最好的是什么，也會限制你。故選C項。

【27題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經驗告訴我，旅游者和旅行者之間有明顯的區別。A.Regulation規則；B.Communication交流；C.Intelligence智商；D.Experience經驗。根據“thereisaclear____8____betweenatouristandatraveler”可知，經驗告訴旅游和旅行的區別。故選D項。

【28題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.relationship關系；B.connection聯系；C.similarity相似性；D.difference不同。根據“thereisaclear____8____betweenatouristandatraveler.”可知，經驗告訴，旅游和旅行是不同的。故選D項。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在佛羅倫薩排隊看米開朗基羅的大衛雕像時，我遇到了一個男人，他給我看了他列出的“意大利必做的20件事”，并自豪地告訴我們，他在短短四天內“看完了”意大利的所有景點。A.li