8BUnit1PastandPresent

Grammar

EnglishTeaching-groupofGradeEightLearningaims:1.Masterthestructureandbasicusageofpresentperfecttense(PPT).（掌握現在完成時的基本結構、用法。）2.Learntherulesofformingthepastparticipleofverbs.（學習動詞的過去分詞變化規則。）3.LearnsometimeexpressionsusuallyusedinPPT.（學習常用在現在完成時里的時間表達方式。）HowlonghasMr.ChenlivedinSunshineTown?2.Whathasthegovernmentdonetopartofthetowncenter?3.WhydoesMr.Chenthinkitisimpossibletoseehisoldfriendsasoftenasbefore?Step1:Lead-inAskandanswerHehaslivedtheresincehewasborn.Thegovernmenthasturnedpartofthetowncenterintoanewpark.Becausehisfriendshavemovedaway.Pre–task:LearnontheirownandanswerWhendoweusepresentperfecttense?Weusethepresentperfecttense

totalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.表示過去開始，現在還在繼續的動作。

Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthathappenedinthepastandhasaconnectionwiththepresent.表示過去發生的或已完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。PastpresentEddiehaseaten

myfood.EddieatethefoodandnowHobohasnothingtoeat.Wealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouthowmanytimesanactionhashappenedtillnow.談論動作已經發生了很多次。Ihavealreadyreadthisbookmanytimes.Weusethesimplepasttense

totalkaboutwhathappenedatadefinitetimeinthepast.（一般過去時談論在過去的特定時間發生的事）Step3:While–taskTask1:GroupworkMakeaconclusionaboutthebasicstructureofPPTSubject(主語)have/has+(not)（助動詞）pastparticiple(過去分詞)I/You/We/Theyhave(not)moved.He/She/Ithas(not)moved.Have/Has+主語+動詞的過去分詞HaveI/you/we/theymoved?

Has

he/she/itYes，I/you/we/they

have.he/she/it

has.

No，I/you/we/they

have.not/haven’t.he/she/it

hasnot/hasn’t.

一般疑問句Adverbsoftimealready:肯定句，表示已經發生ever:疑問句，表示“曾經”for:肯定句/疑問句/否定句，表示一段時間just:肯定句，表示“剛剛”never:否定句，表示“從不”recently:肯定句/否定句/疑問句，表示“最近”since:肯定句/否定句/疑問句，表示“自以后”yet:疑問句/否定句，表示“已經”或者“還沒有”

Exercises

1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tome____never_______(beto)China.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.havehadarrivedhasbeentohasseensaw

1Haveyoudoneyourhomework_____?(for,just,yet)2Ihave______beentoChengdu.(for,never,yet)3Hehasworkedthere_____heleftschool.(already,just,since)4ShehasknownSam______nineyears.(for,never,since)5Haveyou_______riddenahorse?(ever,for,yet)yetneversinceforever6Theyhave_____arrived.(ever,just,yet)7Hehas_______washedthedishes(already,ever)8Wehavenotcompletedtheproject____.(already,for,yet)justyetalready

FormingthepastparticipleofverbsMostverbs+edwash→washedVerbsendingine+dlive→livedVerbsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iedstudy→studiedShortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantdoubletheconsonant+edstop→stoppedStep3:While–taskTask2:Learntherulesmovelivelovelike寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞:visitrepairwatchfinishvisitedvisited

repairedrepairedwatchedwatchedfinishedfinishedmovedmovedlivedlived

lovedloved

likedliked

verb＋ed以e結尾＋d寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞:stopmoptrapplanstoppedstopped

moppedmoppedtrappedtrappedplannedplanned注:以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節詞,雙寫最后一個輔音字母＋ed雙寫＋edstudyhurrystudiedstudiedhurriedhurried去y＋ied注:以輔音字母加y結尾的詞,去y＋ied.寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞:begiveseemakeputcomewritewas/werebeengavegivensawseenmademadeputputcamecomewrotewritten注:不規則動詞見書上122頁不規則動詞表.Somemoreexamples:mostverbsIrregularverbsInfinitivePastparticleInfinitivePastparticlevisitvisitedcomecomelivelivedseeseenrepairrepairedbebeenfinishfinishedgivegivenmovemovedwritewrittenwatchwatchedmakemadetraveltravelledputput1borrow2hope3make4get5plan6cry7send8watch9say10grow11hit12enjoy1borrow2hope3make4get5plan6cryborrowedhopedmadegotplannedcriedsentwatchedsaidgrewhitenjoyedStep3:While–taskTask3:FinishPartAonpage141They__________(finish)theirhomeworkalready.2John_____never_____(visit)China.3Mr.Li__________(repair)overtenbicyclessinceMonday.4We___________(notsee)eachotherforyears.5Myparents__________(notcome)backyet.6.Ourteacher__________(teach)usalotaboutthehistoryofChina.havefinishedhasvisitedhasrepairedhaven’tseenhastaughthaven’tcomeStep3:While–taskTask4:FinishPartBonpage14Task5:FinishPartConpage15M:________you________(see)anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?S:No,Ihaven’t.Whataboutyou?M:Well,I________(see)onelastSaturday.S:Whatisitabout?M:It’saboutthechangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.Fromthisfilm,I________(learn)moreaboutBeijing’spastandpresent.S:Oh,IthinkI________(hear)aboutthefilm.Doyouplantoseeitagain?M:Yes,I’dliketo.Haveseensawhaveheardhavelearnt1She__________(wait)fortwohoursalready.

2They_______________(notfinish)theprojectyet.3_____you______(hear)frommysisterrecently?4Mark_________(be)therefortwodays.5_____theyever_____(stay)athomealone?6I_____never________(watch)thisfilm.7Daniel______just_________(arrive)home.8We_____________(noteat)anythingsincethen.haswaitedhaven’tfinishedHave

heardhasbeenHavestayed

watchedhavehasarrivedhaven’teatenTask6:Fillintheblanks用括號中動詞的適當形式填空He

(wait)foranhour.

I

(notfinish)theworkyet.

you

(know)himsincethen?I

(hear)frommyfatherrecently.We

(be)theremanytimesinthepast3years.They

(finish)theworksofar.6.Howlong