Unit4Don’teatinclass.【學習目標】【學習重點】：1、初步掌握第19頁的生詞和句型；2、學習祈使句的用法；3、談論校規;4.復習must的用法。5.掌握句型：“Imust…”,“Ihaveto…”,“Ican/can’t…”初識祈使句祈使句表示命令、請求、勸告、征求對方意見等，一般省略主語（you）。句末用感嘆句或句號，用降調朗讀。也可在句前或句末加上please,以使語氣更加緩和、客氣。Pleasecomein.(=Comein,please)1．肯定祈使句一般以動詞原形開頭：Runinthehallways.Bequiet,please.2．祈使句的否定形式一般在動詞原形前加_________:___________runinthehallways.______belate!3、let開頭的句子也是祈使句的一種:Letmehelpyou.讓我來幫你。否定形式是“Don’t+let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分”和“Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其它成分”兩種Let’snotstayoutside.咱們別待在外面。Don’tlethimgo.不要讓他走。提醒：有時，祈使句中的動詞或動詞詞組也可省略。如：Thisway,please.(=Comethisway,please)有時表示強調，可以在動詞原形前加do，表示“一定，務必”的意思如：Docomeandhelpme.務必來幫我。No加名詞或動詞-ing形式可構成否定祈使句，通常用作公共場所的提示語，意為“禁止做某事”Nophotos!禁止拍照！Noparking!禁止停車！重點知識講解1,Don’tarrivelateforclass.上課不要遲到。①arrive意為到達，作不及物動詞。arrivein后接大地方（如城市，國家），arriveat后接小地方（如村莊，車站）②get也可表示“到達”，是不及物動詞，后接介詞to,再加賓語③reach是及物動詞，后面直接可以帶賓語后接地點副詞時，不加介詞in,at,to例Wearrive__theBaiyunAirportfiveminuteslate.A,inB,/C,atD,onarrivelatefor...意為“（做）...遲到”，相對于belatefor2,Don’tfight.禁止打架。fight作動詞，意為“戰斗，打架，爭吵”如：Shedoesn’twanttofightwithhermother.她不想和她母親吵架。Theyoftenfightwithotherchildren.他們經常和別的孩子斗毆。拓展fightagainst與...作戰，為反對...斗爭，fightfor為...而戰斗（后接表示自由、真理、權利、國家等的名詞）Wehavetofightagainstdifficulties,我們不得不同困難作斗爭。Theyfightfortheircountry.他們為祖國而戰斗。3，Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.并且我們必須一直穿著校服。①haveto表示客觀的需要或責任，意為“不得不，必須”，后接動詞原形。haveto有人稱、數、時態的變化，其第三人稱單數形式為hasto,構成否定句或疑問句時借助助動詞do/does.如It’srainingheavily.Wehavetostayathome.正在下大雨，我們只好待在家里。Doesshehavetodoanyhouseworkattheweekend?周末她們得做家務嗎？②must表示說話人主觀上的看法，意為“必須”。沒有人稱、時態和數的變化。Youmustbuyatickettogointothecinema.你必須買票進電影院。Youmustlistentotheteacherinclass.課堂上你必須聽老師講課。提醒haveto的否定式是don’t/doesn’thaveto(不必要)must的否定式是mustnot(一定不能，不允許)如Shedoesn’thavetodoallthehomework.她不必做所有的作業。Youmustn’tputyourbikehere.你不允許把自行車放在這兒。③MustI...的否定答語是“No,youneedn’t.”或“No,youdon’thaveto.”如MustIcleantheclassroomnow?我現在必須打掃教室嗎？No,youneedn’t.不，你不必。4，Therearetoomanyrules!有太多的規定了！①toomany意為太多，常用來修飾可數名詞復數。如Hehastoomanythingsinhisbags.他包里有太多的東西。②toomuch中的too用在much之前，說明“多”的程度，意為“太多”，常用作副詞或代詞，也可以用作形容詞修飾不可數名詞如：IswatchingTVtoomuchgoodorbadforyourhealth?電視看得太多對你的健康有益還是有害？③muchtoo中的much用在too之前加強語氣，意為“太、非常”，常用在副詞或形容詞前。如Hedrivesmuchtoofast.他開車開得太快了。Itismuchtoocold.天氣實在是太冷了。例Ihave___bookstoreadtoday.A.toomanyB.toomuchC.muchtooD.verymuch5,ButIhavetogotobedbefore10:00但是我必須在10:00之前上床睡覺。gotobed意為“去睡覺”，強調動作。如：Iusuallygotobedatteno’clock.我通常在10點上床睡覺。提醒：beinbed意為“臥床；睡覺”，強調狀態例1你應該早點上床睡覺。Youshould____________early.例2我睡覺的時候別制造噪音。Don’tmakenoisewhenI_____________6,...butremember,theymakerulestohelpus.....但是記住，他們制定規則是為了幫助我們。①表示記住將要做某事，remembertodosth;表示記得曾經做過的事，rememberdoingsthHeasksmetoremembertoturnoffthelightwhenIgotobed.他叫我睡覺前記得關燈。Irememberpostingtheletter.我記得把那封信寄出去了。②rememberAtoB表示“代A向B問好”如：Pleaseremembermetoher.請代我向她問好。例Pleaseremember_____anewbiketomorrow.Thisisold.A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.buys7,...Ihavetokeepmyhairshort....我必須留短發。keep是動詞，意為“保留，保存，保持”，具體用法如下：①keep+形容詞，表示保持某種狀態Youmustkeepquietinthelibrary.在圖書館你必須保持安靜。②keep+sb/sth+形容詞，表示使某人/某物保持某種狀態Motheralwayskeepsthehousetidy.媽媽總是讓家里保持整潔。Toomuchworkkeepsmebusyandtired.太多的工作使我忙碌和疲憊。③keep+名詞/代詞+介詞短語表示讓某人一直待在某地/一直把某物保存在某地Keephimintheroomuntilhegetswell.讓他待在房間直到病好為止。④keepsb.doingsth.表示“讓某人繼續/不斷地做某事”Hekeptmewaitingforanhour.他讓我等了一個小時⑤keepsb./sthfromdoingsth表示“阻止（防止）某人/某物做某事”Theheavyrainkeepsthechildrenfromgoingouttoplay.孩子們因為大雨不能出去玩。例HowlongcanIhaveyourdictionary?_____ittillnextterm.A,HoldB,TakeC,ReturnD,Keep 8,Afterschool,Ican’tplaywithmyfriendsorwatchTVbecauseIhavetodomyhomework.放學后，我不能和朋友一起玩、看電視，因為我必須做家庭作業。這是一個否定句，句中的or有以下幾種用法：①并列結構中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。但有時and也可用于否定句。請注意其不同特點：Thereisnoairorwateronthemoon.Thereisnoairandnowateronthemoon.在否定句中并列的結構用or連接，但含有兩個否定詞的并列結構實際上被看做是肯定結構，故用and。②or用于連接并列的單詞、詞組、短語或句子，表示“或者”的意思WecanvisittheWorldParkortravelaroundtheworld.我們可以參觀世界公園，或者周游全世界。③or用在選擇疑問句中，靈活譯為“還是”Isthatanappleoranorange?那是蘋果還是桔子？④or用于連接兩個并列的句子，表示“否則，要不然”的意思Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.快點，否則你要遲到啦。例Shecan’tspeakEnglish___French.A,alotB,andC,orD,no翻譯schoolrules_______________arrivelateforclass_______________(be)ontime_______________inthehallways_____________在餐廳_____________聽音樂____________________eatoutside______________wearahat_________________alotof___________________belateforclass_____________不得不__________________穿校服_____________________保持安靜_______________keepmyhairshort___________relaxonweekends__________learntoplaythepiano_________readabook________________havefun___________________在家_____________________beontimeforclass_____________inclass____________________wearauniform________________夢想的學校____________不必______________________goout_________________practicetheguitar__________________dothedishes_____________helphismommakebreakfast_______onschoolnights______everySaturday____________放學以后______________在晚上__________________________ 單選（）1.Ifyouarrivelate_______class,youmustsay_______toyourteacher. A.for,thanksB.for,sorryC.to,sorry（）2.—

Canyousingintheclassroom?

—_________________A.Yes,youcan. B.No,Ican.C.Yes,wecan.（）3.Don’tarrivelate.Youmustbe________time.A.toB.onC.at（）4.Pleaselisten_______theteachercarefully(認真地).A.toB.onC.at（）5.Don’t_______TVafterclass.A.watchB.watchesC.watching()6.—Whataretheschoolrules?—We_______listentomusicinclass.A.don’tB.can’tC.aren’t()7.Don’t________class.A.belateB.lateforC.belatefor()8.Thereare________rulesinourschool.A.alotsofB.alotofC.lotof（）9.Ihaveto_______theroomeverymorning. A.cleanB.cleansC.cleaning（）10.—

Doesshehavetogotobedat9:00?

—Yes,she__________.A.has B.haveC.does（）11.Don’tlistenmusicintheclassroomhallways.

A.to;and B.to;orC.at;or （）12.Shelostherbike.She_______walktoschool.A.havetoB.hastoC.has（）13.We________toweartheschooluniformeveryday.A.nothaveB.havenotC.don’thave（）14.Ginaoftenhelpshermother________thedishes.A.do B.doesC.doing（）15.—_________youhavetowearahattoday?—No,wedon’t.A.AreB.Can C.Do（）16.Wedon’tknowJack_____Bruce.A.andB.orC.about（）17.Ican’trelax_______.A.tooB.alsoC.either（）18.Therearetoomany________inthekitchen.A.vegetablesB.milk C.rice（）19.Onschoolnights,Ihavetogotobed________9:00.A.onB.inC.before()20.—CanwespeakChinese?—_______.A.Yes,youcanB.OK,youspeakC.No,youdon’t()21.—_________.Yourfatherissleepingintheroom.—Oh,sorry.A.NottalkB.NottalkingC.Notalking()22.Don’teat________class.A.atB.inC.to選擇相應的短語補全對話A：Wehavealotofrulesinourschool.B：____1_____A：Don’teatintheclassroom.Don’truninthehallways.Don’tlistentomusicintheclassroom._____2____B：_____3_____A.No,wecan’t.B.Dowehavetowearuniforms?C.Canweeatinschool?D.Don’tarrivelateforschool.E.Whataretherules?A：Wecaneatinthedininghall,butwecan’teatintheclassroom.B：Canwewearhatsinschool?A：_____4_____B：_____5_____A：No,wedon’thaveto.B：Oh,therearetoomanyrules.IIA.No,wecan’t.B.No,hedoesn’t.C.Thatsoundsgood.D.Sorry,Mr.Green.E.Well,wehavetoweartheschooluniform.I（）1.Don’tbelateforclassnexttime,Helen.（）2.Whataresomeoftherules?（）3.Canwelistentomusicintheclassroom?（）4.Let’shavesomebananas!（）5.Doeshehavetogonow?“譯”展身手LindaisanAmericangirl.Sheisagoodstudent.Everymorningshegetsupat6:00.Shehasbreakfastathome.(1)Thenshewearsheruniformandgoestoschool.Shestudieshardeveryday.(2)她在餐廳吃中飯whensheisatschool.Afterschool,(3)shedoesherhomeworkfirst,andthenshecleanstheroomand(4)幫助她媽媽做晚飯.Beforeshegoestobed,sheusuallyreadssomebooks.Thenat10:00p.m.shegoestobed.(5)Shethinkssheishappyeveryday.Whatdoyouthink?(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)閱讀下面的短文，選擇正確的答案。DearDave,I’mnothappy.Therearetoomanyrulesinmyhouse.Itisn’tfair.Ihavetogetupatfiveo’clockeverymorning.Ican’tarrivelateforschool.Ihavetobethereateighto’clock.IhavetocomebackhomeafterschoolbecauseIhavetodomyhomework.IntheeveningIcan’twatchTVbecauseIhavetohelpmymothermakedinnerandwashthedishes.Ihavetogotobedbeforeteno’clock.Onweekends,IhavetostayathomeonSaturdaymorning.Ihavetocleanmyroomandwashmyclothesbyeleveno’clock.OnSaturdayafternoon,Ihavetogotothechildren’spalacetolearnthepiano.Doyouhavelotsofrules?Aretheyfair?Yourfriend,Alice()1.Whoistheletterfrom?A.Dave. B.Alice. C.Alice’smother.()2.WhattimedoesAlicehavetogetup?A.Fiveo’clock.B.Eigh