2022年河南省開封市聯考高考英語模擬試卷（一）

A

BestSleepMusicAppsIfyouwanttosleepbetteratnight,tryingasleepmusicappmightbe

theanswer.Herearesomeidealsleepmusicappstochoosefrom.

Calm

Calmisoneofthemostpopularsleepmusicappsanditslargelibraryofrelaxingand

sleep-causingtracksislargelyresponsibleforthat.Thisappoffersafreeversion,buttoreally

takeadvantageofwhatCalmhastooffer,youhadbetterchoosethepaidversion,whichcosts

$69.99foroneyear.Alifetimemembershipis$399.99.

RelaxMelodies

RelaxMelodiesisintendedtocalmyourmindwithrelaxingsound.Thecomposerisvisualand

easytouse,andtheDiscoverpagegivesyouaccesstootherappfeatures,likebedtimestories

andbreathingexercises.Thoughitsfreeversionprovidesagreatintroductiontotheideaof

sleepmusic,thepaidversionunlocksalargerlibraryofsounds.Considerpayingforitifthere're

particularsoundsorfeaturesthatreallyattractyou.

Headspace

Headspaceisafeature-richappdesignedinasimplewaythatmakesitquickandeasytouseits

libraryofsleep-specificmusic.TheSleepiconatthebottomoftheappiseasytoidentifyand

leadstoalibraryofoptionsthatincludeSleepMusicandSleepRadio.It'sworthnotingthat

nearlyeverythinginHeadspace'sSleepLibraryrequiresanextrasubscription.Headspacecosts

$69.99annually,oryoucanpay$12.99permonth.

Pzizz

Pzizzofferssleepmusictracksyoucanuseatnaptime,bedtime,ortoimprovefocus.Onething

thatmakesPzizzdifferentisitsvoicenarration（旁白）option.Ifyoufindthepresenceofa

calmingvoicetobecomfortingorbenefitfromsomeonehelpingyoutorelaxyourbodyand

mind,thenPzizzisagoodchoiceforyou.Maleandfemalevoiceoptionsareavailableandthe

voiceislowandcalm.lthasafreeversionbutyoushouldpayforextrasubscriptions.

I.Whichappallowsyoutocombinesleepmusicwithbreathingexercises?

A.Calm.B.Headspace.

C.Pzizz.D.RelaxMelodies.

2.Howmuchshouldyoupayatleastfortheone-yearsubscriptionofHeadspace?

A.$12.99.B.$69.99.C.$155.88.D.$399.99.

3.WhatisspecialaboutPzizz?

A.Itsvoicefbrnarrationisfixed.

B.Itprovideslowandcalmmusic.

C.Itoffersvoicenarrationchoices.

D.Itsfocusissleep-specificmusic.

WhenMariaBeallseestrashontheground,shepicksitupwithjoy."It'syourworkoutaswell

askeepingyourcommunityclean,"saysBeall,asportsexercisephysiologist.Sheandher

husband,Mike,recentlymovedtoRichmond'sManchesterneighborhood.Whilewalkingtheir

dog,shenoticedsomeonehaddumped（傾倒）asofaandamicrowaveinanalley,andshesaw

fast-foodwrappers（夕卜包裝）andplasticbottlesonthesidewalks.Beallwasconcernedaboutthe

impactontheenvironment.SoshedecidedtoorganizearegularcleanuptokeepManchester

beautiful.

BeginninginMarch,volunteersbeganmeetingatLegendBrewingCo.foramonthly

Saturday-morningcleanup.Opentoeveryone,theefforthasattracted20to75people

monthly.OnarecentSaturday,volunteerswearingglovesandcarryingtrashbagsweredivided

intosmallergroups,andfortwohours,spreadacrossallpartsofManchester.

“Pvealwaysfoundthatgettinginvolvedwithprojectslikethisisawin-win,“saysAnn

Kramer,oneofthevolunteers,whomovedtoManchesterin2019."Imeetgreatpeople,andmy

communitygetsstronger."

"IthinkthecleanupsendsamessagetonewresidentsthatManchesterisaneighborhoodthat

cares,"Krameradds.HThisareaisexplodingingrowth.withmanynewpeoplemovingineach

month,sowehopethattheregularcommitmenttoensuringManchester'sstreetsarecleanwill

beanotherreasonwhypeoplewouldchooseManchester."

Newbusinessesarealsoopeninghere,andsomearemonthlycleanupsponsors,including

DandelionHealthDirectPrimaryCare.FamilyphysicianJoeFields-Johnsonsaysheopenedhis

practiceinManchester"becauseofthecriticalneedforprimarycareaccessinthis

neighborhood".Fields-Johnsonsaysbeautifulgreenspacesandcleanneighborhoodsbenefit

people'shealth.

BeallfeelsgratefultoliveinManchesterandappreciateshowneighborscometogetherforthe

cleanups.nIlikethesenseofcommunity,"shesays."Fmalsohopingitinspiresother

neighborhoodsandthattherewillbemorecleanerneighborhoods,becausewe'reallinthis

together/*

4.WhatdidBeallseeduringherwalkinhernewneighborhood?

A.Normalrecycling.B.Casuallittering.

C.Regularcleanupefforts.D.Rareexercisingactivities.

5.WhydidtheauthormentionAnnKramer'swords?

A.Toshowthepowerofbeingfriendly.

B.Towarnaboutthepollutionproblems.

C.Tospeakhighlyoftheregularcleanup.

D.Totelltheadvantagesofdoingexercise.

6.WhatistheInfluenceoftheregularcleanupInFields-Johnson'sopinion?

A.Itcanattractmorenewresidents.

B.Itcanexpandprimarycareaccess.

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C.Itcanraiseasenseofcommunity.

D.Itcanbringpositivehealthbenefits.

7.WhatdoesBeallexpectoftheregularcleanup?

A.Itshouldbeexpanded.B.Itshouldbemonitored.

C.Itshouldbestopped.D.Itshouldbeawarded.

c

Whenyouarewaitingtopayforyourgroceriesatyourlocalsupermarket,doyouevernotice

theitemsinthecheckoutlanes（通道）?Areyoueverattractedtobuythechocolatebaror

bottleofcokeyousee?Ifyouarelikemostpeople,youwillcavetothepressuretoaddthe

candyorsoftdrinktoyourcart.

NowthecityofBerkeleyisgoingtobecomethefirstcityintheUStostopallowingthesaleof

unhealthyfoodinthecheckoutlanesaccordingtoCNN.

The"HealthyCheckoutOrdinance（法規）"wasapprovedbyBerkeley'scitycouncil（議會）

atameetinginSeptemberandrequiresthatallfoodstoresover2,500squarefeetsellonly

healthyfooditemsnearthecheckoutlanes.Thiswillaffectover25storesinBerkeleyincluding

WholeFoods,SafewayandWalgreens.

"Placementofunhealthyfoodnearacheckoutlaneincreasesthelikelihoodthatcustomerswill

purchasethesefoodsanddrinkswhenwillpowerisweakattheendofalongshoppingtrip,"

CityCouncilmemberKateHairisonsaidatthecitycouncilmeeting.

"Il'snotaban；it'samotivation,"HaiTisonsaid,"Storescanstillsellcandyandsodajustnotat

yourchild'seyelevelinthecheckout.'1

ThenewordinanceHarrisonsaidatthecitycouncilmeeting"isreallygoodbehavioral

economics,whichbetterchoicesforconsumersbutdoesnotlimitwhattheycanbuy".

CenterforScienceinthePublicInterest（CSPI），anationalconsumeradvocacyorganization

basedinWashingtonD.C.,beganworkingwiththecityin2017andhassixsimilarcampaigns

acrossthecountrybutBerkeleyisthefirsttoadopttheunhealthyfoodrestrictions.Thecity

alreadystartedasodataxin2014.HBerkeleyhasbeenaleaderinprogressivehealthpoliciesfor

alongtime/'AshleyHicksonfromCSPIsaid.

8.Whatwillhappenifunhealthyfooditemsareplacednearthecheckoutlanes?

A.Itwillmotivateshopperstopurchaseless.

B.Shopperswillbeeasilyattractedtobuythem.

C.Itwillpreventshoppersbuyingdesireditems.

D.Shopperswillbewillingtowaitatthecheckout.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"facilitates"inparagraph6probablymean?

A.Limits.B.Promotes.C.Bans.D.Assesses.

10.WhatcanweknowaboutBerkeley?

A.Itbansunhealthyfoodinlocallargesupermarkets.

B.Italwaysfollowsothercities'localfoodcampaigns.

C.Ithastroubleconductingunhealthyfoodrestrictions.

D.Ittendstoactivelyadoptprogressivehealthpolicies.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.YouShouldKeepClamWhileWalkingAlongCheckoutLanes

B.BerkeleyRelievesYourPressuretoBuyUnnecessaryItems

C.BerkeleyKeepsUnhealthyFoodAwayFromCheckoutLanes

D.BeCautiousEnoughtoMakeReasonableShoppingChoices

D

AteamatOregonStateUniversityhasstartedathree-yearstudyintotheeffectsofpoorar

qualityfromwildfiresondairycows（奶牛）.Inanareahitbyincreasinglysevereandnumerous

wildfires,andwheretherearealargenumberofcows,identifyingtheimpactsofwildfireson

cows'milkproductionandwelfareisvital.

PreviousresearchfromtheUniversityofIdahohasfoundthatcowsexposedtopoorairquality

andheatstress,whichwerecausedbywildfires,producedaround1.3literslessmilkperday

thantheaverage.Thestudymustbeexpandedinordertoexplorebroaderpatterns.

AshlyAnderson,whoworkedonthisparticularstudy,said,MDuetoclimatechange,we'regoing

tobeseeingmorewildfires一andbecauseofthattherearegoingtobemoreanimalsexposedto

wildfires,Beingabletotellwhatkindofeffectsthereareandhowtheymightbeaffectedinthe

futureisveryimportant.0

InanattempttocollectmoredatajulanaRanchesandhercolleagueJeniferCruickshankhave

beguntheirthree-yearstudy.Theyhaveput30cows,whichtheyrefertoasusmokecows'1,out

topasture（牧場）.EachtimethereisawildfireeventwhichresultsinanAirQualityIndex

measureofover50,Ranchestakesdailymilksamplesandbloodtests.Shealsomonitorsand

measuresthecows*respiratory（呼吸的）ratesandbodytemperatures.

"We'regettingaclearerpictureofwhatthesecowsareexperiencing,throughpoorairquality

associatedwithwildfires—abetterunderstandingoftheeffectsonthem.Withthat

information,wecanstarttolookatthenegativeeffectsandminimizethedamage,"Juliana

Ranchessaid.

AssummersinOregonbecomehotteranddrier,wildfiresareontherise,eveninwesternparts

ofthestatewhichhavenothistoricallyseenthemasfrequently.Thisstudyandothersintothe

impactsofsmokeondairycowsprovideimportantinformationfordairyfarmers,whenit

comestoboththewelfareoftheiranimalsandtheircommercialproductivity.

12.WhathastheresearchfromtheUniversityofIdahofound?

A.Wildfirescancausecowstoproducelessmilk.

B.Cows'milkproductioniscausingairpollution.

C.ThenumberofcowsinOregongraduallydrops.

D.Theairqualityinallstatesisbecomingpoorer.

13.WhatdoesAshlyAndersontrytostress?

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A.Therootcauseoftheglobalclimatechange.

B.Thebestwaytoliveinharmonywithanimals.

C.Thevalueofprotectinganimalsfromwildfires.

D.Thenecessityofidentifyingtheeffectsofwildfires.

14.WhatdoesJulianaRanchesdoforherstudy?

A.Shecurescowsoftheirillnesses.

B.Shekeepscowsawayfromsmoke.

C.Shemonitorscows'physicalhealth.

D.Shehelpscowsproducemoremilk.

15.Whatdoesthetextsayaboutthethree-yearstudy?

A.Itissignificantfordairyfarmers.

B.Itneedstobeimprovedinvariousaspects.

C.Itmissesimportantinformation.

D.Itisthefirsttostudywildfiresandcows.

Nowadays,learningaforeignlanguageisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.(1)Asyoumay

haveheard,languagelearningisamarathon,notasprint(短跑).Butattheenditwillbewell

worthit,Herearesomebenefitsoflearningaforeignlanguage.

Itopensyouuptomanynewpeople.Knowinganotherlanguageenablesyoutocommunicate

withmoreoftheworld'speopleandbefriendthem.(2)Youllmeetlotsofgreatpeopleyou

otherwiselikelywouldn'thavethechancetomeetifitweren'tforlanguagelearning.

(3)Bylearningthelanguageofaparticularforeigncountry,youareopeningyourselftoall

kindsofnewculturalinsightsthatyouhaven'tknownaboutbefore.There*ssomuchmorethan

whatyou'vegotexposedtowhenyoustarttoadoptthe

language.Music,food,theatre,literature,andhistoryarejustafewthingsamongmanyothers

thatyou'llbeabletolearnmoreaboutasyoulearnmoreaboutthelanguage.

Itopensthedoorfbrnewopportunities.Youmayhaveanewprogram,anewjob,oranyother

opportunitythatinvolvesmovingtoaforeigncountry.(4)Ifyou'reastudentlookingtostudy

abroad,you'llfindthatyou'llbemuchbetteroffknowingthelanguageofthatcountry.

Itenablesyoutobetterenjoyyourtravelabroad.Theobviousbenefitoflearninganew

languageisthatyourplansoftripswillgetaseriousboostwhenyoutravel!Bylearningthe

languageofacountry,youwillfeelconfidentandfreetotravelaroundthecountry.⑸

A.Itexposesyoutodifferentcultures.

B.Ofcourse,itcomeswithchallengesanddifficulties.

C.Itinspiresyoutorespectculturesindifferentcountries.

D.Yourtravelexperienceswillbecomemuchmoreauthentic.

E.Meetinggreatpeoplehelpsyoubetterlearnaforeignlanguage.

F.There'snodoubtthatknowinganotherlanguagebringsinmorepossibilities.

G.Thepracticeoflearningwillofferyouthechancetomeetlike-mindedpeople.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

Itwasawarmandsunnyspringmorning.Ihadjustdrivenmysontothechild-carecenterwhich

hadjustreopenedafterbeing(21)loroverayearduetotheCOVID-19pandemic.I

was(22)backhome,zippingalongthemountainroads,withatonofthoughts,wishesandworries

bouncingaroundmybrain.Iwouldn'tsaythatIwas(23)butIwasn'tdrivingassafelyasI

normallydo.(24),Isawadarkformahead.Isteppedonthe(25)andsawthatitwasabigblack

dogstandingrightinthe(26).lbrakedharderandcametoa(27).Thedogjuststoodthere(28)

meinastrangeway.Thenheclosedhiseyesandshookhishead(29)>andwalkedoffslowly

intothewoods.

Becauseofthesmall(30),Idroveawayslowly.ThenforthefirsttimethatdayInoticedthe(31)

glowing(發光)offthegreenleavesofthetrees,!noticedflowersblooming(開花)along

thesidesoftheroadandthebutterflies(32)abovethem.ForthefirsttimethatdayIfelt

how(33)theworldaroundmewas.Idroveonwithaclear(34)andthankedthedogwho(35)in

timetoslowmedownandwakemeup.

Tobehonest,!neededthat(36)becauseIwasgettingtoo(37)inmyownlifetonoticethereal

lifeallaroundme.Ineededtoseethatlifewas(38)andIshouldn'trushthroughit,Ineededto

seethatlifewaspreciousandIshould(39)everysecondofit.Ineededtoseethatlifewas

beautifulandIshould(40)thatbeauty.

21.A.startedB.improvedC.closedD.visited

22.A.rushingB.wanderingC.walkingD.climbing

23.A.movingB.speedingC.pacingD.driving

24.A.ApparentlyB.HopefullyC.ThankfullyD.Suddenly

25.A.brakeB.carriageC.engineD.handle

26.A.flowersB.carC.roadD.woods

27.A.decisionB.conclusionC.debateD.stop

28.A.searchingforB.lookingatC.listeningtoD.standingby

29.A.amazinglyB.cheerfully

C.shylyD.disapprovingly

30.A.challengeB.accidentC.argumentD.fight

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31.A.sunshineB.snowC.starD.lamp

32.A.disappearingB.escapingC.floatingD.dying

33.A.beautifulB.strangeC.simpleD.secret

34.A.faceB.mindC.eyeD.hand

35.A.gaveinB.setoffC.showedupD.brokedown

36.A.competitorB.supporterC.followerD.reminder

37.A.confidentB.experiencedC.fortunateD.lost

38.A.toughB.freeC.shortD.unfair

39.A.missB.valueC.wasteD.use

40.A.welcomeB.describeC.compareD.hide

41.HuangguoshuWaterfall,alsocalledHuangguoshuorHuangguoshuFalls,Isthelargest

waterfall

inAsiaandthethirdlargestwaterfallintheworld.⑴(undoubted),itisGuizhou's

NO.lnaturalattraction.Compared(2)theamazingnaturalwonders-JiuzhaigouNational

ForestParkinSichuanandZhangjiajieNationalForestParkinHunan,though

HuangguoshuWaterfallislessvisitedbyinternationaltravelers,ithas⑶(it)own

uniquefeatures.

LocatedontheBaishutRiverinAnshun,Guizhou(about128kilometersawayfrom

Guiyang,(4)capitalofGuizhou),HuangguoshuNationalParkIscenteredat

HuangguoshuWaterfallwhichisat83metersinwidthand67metersin(5)(high).There

arealtogether18waterfallswithvarious⑹(be)101meters.Allthewaterfallsforma

sizes.Thetotalwidthofthecombinedwaterfallsgreat"family(7)isrankedasthe

largestwaterfallcluster(群)intheworldintheGunnessBookofWorld

Records.HuangguoshuWaterfallissoimpressiveanditcan⑻(view)fromall

angles一above,below,front,back,leftandright.(9)(get)thebestviewsandhearthe

deafeningroar(轟鳴),travelersshouldvisitWangShuiTingandtheviewingplatform

byRhinocerosPool,Itisagreatideatospendoneday(10)(explore)Huangguoshu

WaterfallfromGuiyangCity.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文

中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪

除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

LastSaturday'smorning,1,aswellsomeofmyclassmates,rodesharedbikestotheXinhua

Bookstoretobuysomebooks.Enjoyingtheconveniencebroughtbytheshared

bikes,everyonewashappilyalltheway.Therefore,whenwearrivedatthebookstore,a

sceneofdisorderatthegateofthebookstoreattractedourattentions.Thesharedbikes

wereparkinghereandthere,blockthewayofpassers-by.Oneofmyclassmatessuggested

placingtheminanorder,sowestarttoworkimmediately.Weworkedfortenminutesand

itwasfinallydone.Seeingthetidilyarrangedbikes,webothfeltdelightedandproud.

43.假定你是李華，得知你的交換生好友Tom想要學習打乒乓球卻不知從何著手。請

你就此給他寫一封電子郵件，內容包括：

1.表示理解；

2.給出建議；

3.表達祝愿。

注意：1.詞數100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

第8頁，共18頁

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、B、C

【解析】（1）D.細節理解題。根據RelaxMelodies部分RelaxMelodiesisintendedtocalm

yourmindwithrelaxingsound.Thecomposerisvisualandeasytouse,andtheDiscoverpage

givesyouaccesstootherappfeatures,likebedtimestoriesandbreathingexercises.（放松旋律

旨在用放松的聲音讓你的頭腦平靜下來。作曲家是可視化的，易于使用，探索頁面讓你

可以訪問其他應用程序功能，如睡前故事和呼吸練習。）可知，RelaxMelodies不僅提

供睡眠音樂，而且向用戶分享呼吸練習技巧。故選D。

（2）B.細節理解題。根據Headspace部分Headspacecosts$69.99annually,oryoucanpay

$12.99permonth.（Headspace成本每年69.99美元，或者你可以每月支付12.99美元。）

可知，Headspace一年的訂閱費用至少是69.99美元。故選B。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據Pzizz部分OnethingthatmakesPzizzdifferentisitsvoicenarration

（旁白）option.Ifyoufindthepresenceofacalmingvoicetobecomfortingorbenefitfrom

someonehelpingyoutorelaxyourbodyandmind,thenPzizzisagoodchoiceforyou.Maleand

femalevoiceoptionsareavailableandthevoiceislowandcalm.（讓Pzizz與眾不同的一點

是它的聲音敘事選項。如果你覺得有人幫助你放松身心會讓你感到安慰或受益，那么

Pzizz是一個不錯的選擇。男聲和女聲可選，聲音低沉而平靜。）可知，Pzizz的特別之

處是它提供多種旁白音的選擇。故選C。

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要介紹了四種睡眠音樂應用軟件。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項填寫出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】B、C、D、A

【解析】（1）B.細節理解題。根據第一段中的

Whilewalkingtheirdog,shenoticedsomeonehaddumped（傾倒）

asofaandamicrowaveinanalley,andshesawfast-foodwrappers（外包裝）

andplasticbottlesonthesidewalks.（在遛狗時，她注意到有人把沙發和微波爐扔在了一

條小巷里，她看到人行道上有快餐包裝紙和塑料瓶。）可知，Beall看到街區里有人隨

意扔垃圾。故選B。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據第三段

"I'vealwaysfoundthatgettinginvolvedwithprojectslikethisisawin-win,"saysAnnKrame

r,oneofthevolunteers,whomovedtoManchesterin2019."Imeetgreatpeople,andmycom

munitygetsstronger."（"我一直發現參與這樣的項目是雙贏的，"志愿者之一AnnKramer

說，她于2019年搬到了曼徹斯特。"我遇到了偉大的人，我的社區也變得更強大。"）

及第四段

"IthinkthecleanupsendsamessagetonewresidentsthatManchesterisaneighborhoodthat

cares,"Krameradds."Thisareaisexplodingingrowth.withmanynewpeoplemovingineac

hmonth,sowehopethattheregularcommitmenttoensuringManchester'sstreetsarecleanw

illbeanotherreasonwhypeoplewouldchooseManchester."（"我認為清理工作向新居民傳

達了一個信息，曼徹斯特是一個關心的社區，"克萊默補充道。”這一地區正呈爆炸式增

長。每個月都有許多新的人搬進來，因此我們希望定期承諾確保曼徹斯特的街道清潔將

是人們選擇曼徹斯特的另一個原因。可知，作者借AnnKramer所說的話高度贊揚了

清理垃圾的志愿活動。故選C。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據第五段

Fields-Johnsonsaysbeautifulgreenspacesandcleanneighborhoodsbenefitpeople'shealth.

（菲爾茲?約翰遜說，美麗的綠色空間和干凈的社區有益于人們的健康。）可知，

Fields-Johnson認為清理垃圾的志愿活動可以帶來健康益處。故選D。

（4）A.細節理解題。根據最后一段中的

I'malsohopingitinspiresotherneighborhoodsandthattherewillbemorecleanerneighborh

oods,becausewe'reallinthistogether.（我還希望它能激勵其他社區，并希望有更多更清

潔的社區，因為我們都在一起。）可知，Beall希望這個清理垃圾的志愿活動可以擴展

到其他地區。故選A。

本文是一篇日常生活類閱讀。文章主要講述了MariaBeall組織居民在街區清理垃圾的

故事。

閱讀理解考查學生的細節理解和推理判斷能力，做細節理解題時一定要找到文章中的原

句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇。在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替

文章的事實，要根據文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。

8~11.【答案】B、B、D、C

【解析】（1）B.細節理解題。根據第四段Placementofunhealthyfoodnearacheckoutlane

increasesthelikelihoodthatcustomerswillpurchasethesefoodsanddrinkswhenwillpoweris

weakattheendofalongshoppingtrip,"CityCouncilmemberKateHarrisonsaidatthecity

councilmeeting.。在收銀臺附近放置不健康食品會增加顧客在長時間購物后意志力薄弱

時購買這些食品和飲料的可能性，"市議會成員凱特?哈里森在市議會會議上說）可知，

如果不健康的食品被放在付款通道，購物者很容易被吸引去購買那些不健康的食品。故

選B。

（2）B.詞句猜測題。根據第三段中的The"HealthyCheckoutOrdinance（法規）"was

approvedbyBerkeley'scitycouncil（議會）atameetinginSeptemberandrequiresthatall

foodstoresover2,500squarefeetsellonlyhealthyfooditemsnearthecheckoutlanes.（伯

克利市議會在9月的一次會議上通過了《健康收銀臺條例》，規定所有超過2500平方

英尺的食品商店只在收銀臺附近出售健康食品）"及劃線詞所在句Thenewordinance

Harrisonsaidatthecitycouncilmeeting"isreallygoodbehavioral

economics,which___belterchoicesforconsumersbutdoesnotlimitwhattheycanbuy.（哈

里森在市議會會議上表示，新法令”確實是很好的行為經濟學，它facilitates消費者更好

第10頁，共18頁

的選擇，但并不限制他們可以購買的東西），A.Limits限制；B.Promotes促進;C.Bans

禁令；D.Assesses評估，劃線詞與promotes（促進）的意思最為接近。故選B。

（3）D.細節理解題。根據最后一段中的Berkeleyhasbeenaleaderinprogressivehealth

policiesforalongtime（長期以來，伯克利市一直是進步醫療政策的領導者）可知，伯

克利市傾向于積極采取進步的衛生政策。故選D。

（4）C.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段NowthecityofBerkeleyisgoinglobecome

thefirstcityintheUStostopallowingthesaleofunhealthyfoodinthecheckoutlanes

accordingtoCNN.（據CNN報道，現在伯克利市將成為美國第一個禁止在收銀臺出售不

健康食品的城市）可知，本文主要介紹美國的伯克利市制定的禁止超市在付款通道擺放

不健康的食品的地方法規。由此可知LBerkeleyKeepsUnhealthyFoodAwayFrom

CheckoutLanes（伯克利市讓不健康食品遠離收銀臺）適合作最佳標題。故選C。

本文是一篇新聞報道類閱讀，主要講述的是為了防止購物者在前往收銀臺付款的途中沖

動購買不健康的食物，美國的伯克利市即將開始禁止超市在付款通道擺放不健康的食品。

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相

關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。

12?15.【答案】A、D、C、A

【解析】（1）A.細節理解題。根據第二段PreviousresearchfromtheUniversityofIdahohas

foundthatcowsexposedtopoorairqualityandheatstress,whichwerecausedby

wildfires,producedaround1.3literslessmilkperdaythantheaverage.（愛達荷大學之前的

研究發現，暴露在由野火引起的惡劣空氣質量和熱應激下的奶牛每天產的牛奶比平常少

約1.3升）可知，愛達荷大學的研究表明，野火可能會導致奶牛產奶量減少。故選A。

（2）D.推理判斷題。根據第三段AshlyAnderson所說的話Duetoclimatechange,we're

goingtobeseingmorewildfires-andbecauseofthattherearegoingtobemoreanimals

exposedtowildfires.Beingabletotellwhatkindofeffectsthereareandhowtheymightbe

affectedinthefutureisveryimportant.（由于氣候變化，我們將會看到更多的野火因為那

個原因，將會有更多的動物暴露在野火中。能夠辨別有什么樣的影響以及它們在未來可

能如何受到影響是非常重要的。）可推斷，AshlyAnderson主要強調確定野火的影響的

必要性。故選D。

（3）C.細節理解題。根據第四段EachtimethereisawildfireeventwhichresultsinanAir

QualityIndexmeasureofover50,Ranchestakesdailymilksamplesandbloodtests.Shealso

monitorsandmeasuresthecowsYespiratory（呼吸的）ratesandbodytemperatures.（每當發

生火災，導致空氣質量指數超過50時，Ranches就會進行每日牛奶樣本和血液測試。她

還監測和測量奶牛的呼吸速率和體溫。）可知，JulianaRanches在研究過程中會監測奶

牛的身體健康狀況。故選C。

（4）A.推理判斷題。根據最后一段Thisstudyandothersintotheimpactsofsmokeondairy

cowsprovideimportantinformationfordairyfarmers,whenitcomestoboththewelfareof

theiranimalsandtheircommercialproductivity.（這項研究和其他關于煙霧對奶牛的影響

的研究為奶農提供了重要的信息,涉及他們的動物的福利和他們的商業生產力。）可知，

這個為期三年的研究會為奶農提供一些重要的信息，有助于他們更好地保護自己的奶牛

和保證奶牛的產奶量。由此可推斷，這個研究對于奶農來說是很有意義的。故選A

本文是一篇說明文。野火導致空氣質量變差，這有可能會降低奶牛的產奶量。美國俄勒

岡州立大學的一個研究團隊針對此問題開展了一個為期三年的研究，該研究旨在獲取更

多的研究數據，從而減少野火給奶牛產奶帶來的不良影響。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上

合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。

16~20.【答案】B、G、A、F、D

【解析】（1）B.細節理解題。根據空后Asyoumayhaveheard,languagelearningisa

marathon,notasprint（短跑）.Butattheenditwillbewellworthit.（正如你可能聽說的，

語言學習是一場馬拉松，而不是一場沖刺。但最終這一切都是值得的。）可知，語言學

習并不簡單，由此可知B項：Ofcourse,itcomeswithchallengesanddifficulties.（當然，

這也伴隨著挑戰和困難。）符合語境，故選B。

（2）G.推理判斷題。根據空前Itopensyouuptomanynewpeople.Knowinganother

languageenablesyoutocommunicatewithmoreoftheworld'speopleandbefriendthem.（它

會讓你接觸到很多新的人。了解另一種語言能讓你與世界上更多的人交流并成為他們的

朋友。）及空后You'llmeetlotsofgreatpeopleyouotherwiselikelywouldn'thavethechance

tome