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2022-2023學年寧夏吳忠市鹽池中學高三(上)第四次月考英語試卷(A卷)題號一二三四五六總分得分注意事項:
1.答卷前,考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。
2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑;如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在試卷上無效。
3.考試結束后,本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第I卷(選擇題)一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共分)AAlotofyourchildhoodwasprobablyspentinanordinaryclassroomwitholddesksandchairsThat'sbecauseyouwenttoanaverageschool.Sowhetheryoulovedyourschoolorwishedyouwenttooneofthefollowingnowyou'llneverthinkofschoolingthesamewayagain.
TrainPlatformsasSchool
Now,mostchildrenhavetotakeabusortraintoschool.However,theydon'tusuallystopontheplatformandlearnmaths.InOrissa,India,inordertotrytolowerthechancesofchildrenquittingschool,onewomandecidedthatshewouldbringtheschooltothekidsanditcertainlyworked!
FloatingSchool
Eachyearinsummer,theriversinBangladeshflood.Andkidsareleftwithoutawaytoschool.However,oneclevertowndecidedtohavelessonson100boatsinsteadaswellashealthcarecentreandhomes.Withtheinternetaccess,computersandalibraryit'saprettyhightechschool!
ElfSchool
InIcelandtherearealotofstoriesaboutelves(小精靈).Accordingtotheschooltherearedifferenttypesofelvesthathaveavarietyofuses.Theschoolgenerallytrainspeopleinthepracticeofelvesinthehopetheycansomehowhelpthegovernment.TheIcelandicpolicehavebeenknowntoaskforanelf'shelpwhenmeetingtrouble.
RealLifeClownSchool
TheRinglingBrotherssetupanumberofcoursesandschoolsaroundtheUnitedStatestoteachthestudentstheartofclowningaround.Imaginewearingabrightrednosewhilekidsarelaughingaroundyouforaballoonanimal.1.WhowasTrainPlatformSchoolbuiltfor?______A.Thestudentswillingtolearntheartofclowning.
B.Thestudentswhocannotpaytheirhigheducation.
C.Thechildrenwhocannotcatchthetraintoschool.
D.Theyoungchildrenwhoareforcedtoquitschool.2.Whichschoolonlyexistsduringoneparticulartimeoftheyear?______A.ElfSchool. B.TheFloatingSchool.
C.RealLifeClownSchool D.TheTrainPlatformSchool.3.WhatisspecialaboutRealLifeClownSchool?______A.Thestudentscanhaveclassesontrains.
B.Theschooltrainspeopletohelpsociety.
C.Thestudentsusecomputersandalibrary.
D.Thestudentslearntoentertainchildren.BHereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.Thefatmansatontheterrace(平臺),sippinglemonadeandpretendingtolookatatourismbrochure.Hissunglassesmaskedhiseyes,butIknewhewasn'tlookingatthebrochure:hehadn'tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.AsIbroughthimhisdishes,hecoughedupa"thankyou"andlookedatmebriefly.Itriednottostareatthetinyscaracrosshislefteyebrow.
Iwalkedbackinsidewithmyemptytray,shakingmyhead.Helookedfamiliar,butIcouldn'tquiteplacehim.Thenithitme.Thecaraccident.Themysteriousstrangerwhohelpedmeoutofmycrashedcar,justbeforeitexploded.Irushedbacktohistable.Hewasgone.
Imovedhissaucerandfoundhistip,alongwithacard:Iamdeeplygratefultoyou.Thenighto£yourcaraccident,Iwasonmywaytorobajewelrystore.Savingyourlifebroughtthingsbackinarightway.Inowliveanhonestlife,thankstoyou.Godblessyou!Mr.D.
Ishivered(震顫).Thenightofmycaraccident,Iwasheadingforaninterviewinanillegaldanceclub.Seeinghumankindnessthroughhisheroicgestureturnedmylifearoundandbroughtfaithbackintomylife.Iunfoldedthetipheleft.Amongthesingleswasagrand(一千塊)withapenmarkunderlining"InGodWeTrust."Isaidasilentprayerforhimandgotbacktowork,smiling.4.Whydidthefatmanlooklikeatourist?______A.Becauseheusedmoneynotthesameasthelocals.
B.Becausehecarriedwhattouristsusuallyhaveon.
C.Becausehedoesn'tlooklikeanativecitizen.
D.Becauseheorderedstrangefoodanddrinks.5.Howdidthewriterknewthemandidn'treadthebrochure?______A.Hewasdrinkingallthetime. B.Hesatstillwithhissunglasses.
C.Thepageremainedunturned. D.Hewasstaringatthewriter.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?______A.Theykeptintouchwitheachothersincethen.
B.Thewriterhadbeensearchingfortheman.
C.Themanbecamearichmanyearslater.
D.Thewriterdidn'tgotothatinterview.7.Whatistheirattitudetowardseachother?______A.Sympathetic. B.Grateful. C.Worried. D.Trusty.CEachyearonOctober15,GlobalHandwashingDayisobservedtostrengthenthehealthawarenessandpreventthespreadofinfectiousdiseases.Andahand—shapedrobotcalled"Pepe",whichencourageskidstowashtheirhands,hashelpedpupilsataremoteIndianprimaryschooltodevelophabitsofpersonalhygiene(衛生).
Pepewasfixedonthewallaboveahand—washingstationatWayanadGovernmentPrimarySchoolinKerala,whichhasabout100pupilsaged5and10.AsmallvideoscreenbehindthegreenplasticPepeactedasa"mouth",allowingresearcherstotele—operatetherobottospeaktothepupilsanddrawtheirattentiontotheposteroutliningthestepsofeffectivehand—washing.Asetofmoving"eyes"helpedPepepayattentiontothechildren'sactions.
Therobothelpedpupilswashtheirhandsmoreeffectively,increasingtheirratesofhand—washingby40percent.PupilsspenttwiceaslongwashingtheirhandsafterPepe'sarrival.Andmorethan95%ofthestudentscouldcorrectlydeterminewhenhand—washingwithsoaphastobedone—beforeamealandafteravisittothetoilet.
Hand—washingisoneofthemosteffectivewaysagainstthespreadofdiarrheaandrespiratoryinfections.Dr.AmolDeshmukh,fromtheUniversityofGlasgow'sSchoolofComputingScience,ledtheprojectinpartnershipwithcolleaguesfromAmritaUniversity.Hesaid,"WeweredelightedbythesuccessofPepe'svisittothisprimaryschool.Thechildrenwereexcitedtointeractwiththisrelativelysimplemachine,whichwasclearlygoodforkeepingtheirhandsclean.Dr.BhavanifromAmritaUniversitysaid,"AMMACHI(AmritaMultiModalApplicationandComputerHumanInteraction)Labshavetakenmultiplanstocommonchallengesfacinglow—incomeruralcommunitiesinIndiaandworldwideusingtechnology."8.Whywas"Pepe"fixedatthePrimarySchool?______A.Towatchonpupil'actions.
B.Towashchildren'shands.
C.Tofreshentheenvironment.
D.Todevelopchildren'shealthhabits.9.Howdidtherobotbringchangestothepupils?______A.Byplayingwithpupils. B.Byprovidingknowledge.
C.Byofferingpupilssoap. D.Bywashingpupils'hands.10.WhatcanyoulearnaboutPepe'svisittotheprimaryschool?______A.Itwasafailure. B.Ithadnoeffect.
C.Itwasasuccess. D.Itwasawasteoftime.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"address"inthelastparagraphmean?______A.dealwith. B.writeaplaceon.
C.makeaspeechto. D.speakto.DItiseasytogetcarriedawayinanargument.
Whilehavingarationalconversationwithsomeonewhohasadifferentopinionmightseemlikeachallenge,itispossible.Onewayistoapproachtheotherpersonwithempathy.
TheEmpathyChallengeisanexercisecreatedbyZoeChance,seniorlecturerattheYaleSchoolofManagement.AtYale,Chanceteachesacoursecalled"MasteringInfluenceandPersuasion"wherestudentslearntocommunicatemoreeffectively.
Inherblog,Chanceexplainsthatit'simportanttolistentopeoplewhodisagreewithyou."Astheyexplaintheirposition,,youlookforcommongroundasyoureflectthosevaluesback.That'sit."
Chancefirsttookthischallengeherselfbeforeaskingherstudentstotry.Asshecouldn'tunderstandwhymanypeoplechosetovoteforDonaldTrump,shefoundthreeTrump'svotersandspokewiththem.
Throughaskingquestions,Chancewasabletoempathizewiththemandrealizetheyhadsimilarfeelings.Oneman,anOrthodoxJew,explainedthathesupportedTrumpbecauseTrump'sdaughterandson-in-lawareJewish.ThenextmanwasaRussianimmigrantpassionateaboutfreedom.Thethirdwasalawyerwhobelievedthatauthenticity(真誠)wasimportantinpoliticalleaders.
AlthoughChanceandChosepeoplehaddifferentpoliticalbeliefs,theywereabletorelatetothelifevaluesofothers.Andthat'sthepointoftheexercise-tounderstandothersasfellowhumanbeings.12.WhichofthefollowingdoestheEmpathyChallengefaceson?______A.Leadershipskills. B.Publicspeakingskills.
C.Communicationskills. D.Problemsolvingskills.13.WhatdoesChancesuggestpeopledowhenhandlingadisagreement?______A.Defendtheirposition. B.Findcommonground.
C.Reflectontheirownvalues. D.Meettheneedsofothers.14.WhatdrovethethreementovoteforDonaldTramp?______A.Theirlifevalues. B.Theircareerhistory.
C.Theirfamilybackground. D.Theirchildhoodexperience.15.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?______A.Respectdifferentperspectives. B.ZoeChance'sempathy.
C.VoteforTrump. D.Channelschallenge.二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共分)TheProblemwithOnlineReturns
Onlineshoppingisbooming:In2020,Americansspent﹩813billiononline,a42%increaseover2019.Thisyear,expertsexpectthatfiguretotop﹩1trillionforthefirsttime.Butmillionsofthosepurchaseswilleventuallygetsentback.(1)Here'swhatyouneedtoknow.
Whenshopperscan'tphysicallyexamineproductsbeforepurchase,they'remorelikelytobuyclothesthatdon'tfitoritemsthatdon'tsuittheirneeds.Peoplereturnonaverageabout25%ofwhattheybuyonline,,manyitemsthatgetreturnednevergobackonsale.(2)About5billionpoundsofreturnedgoodswenttolandfillseachyear,accordingtologistics(物流)companyOptoro.
(3)Whenyousendaproductback,companiesalreadyoweyouarefund,anditwouldcostthemevenmoretoshipittoasortingfacilityandhavesomeoneevaluatewhetheritcanbesoldagain.Atthisstage,everypersonthattouchesthatitemisaddingcost,butthecompanydoesn'tearnanyvalue.
Althoughit'sunlikelythatreturneditemswillbesoldasnew,someitemsgetsenttodiscountstores.(4)Otherunwanteditemsmightbesentoverseas-althoughmanycouldstillgotothegarbageeventually.
Insomecases,giantcompanieslikeAmazonandTargethavebeguntellingcustomerstojustkeeptheirunwanteditemsratherthansendthemback.Third-partylogisticsbusinesseshavealsopoppeduptohelpcleanupthereturnprocess.Butthat'snotenoughonitsown.(5)Ifwecontinuetoshopwithoutthinkingabouttheenvironmentalimpactsofourdecisions,we'llultimatelyhaveveryunsustainablesupplychains.
A.Itsoundsshocking,butitallboilsdowntocost.
B.Theresponsibilityfallsonusconsumersaswell.
C.Thosereturnscanhaveabigenvironmentalimpact.
D.Thingslikeelectronicscouldgetseparatedintoparts.
E.Thatincreasehasacceleratedrapidlyduringthepandemic.
,they'reoftenthrownout,evenifthey'restillbrand-new.
G.Inresponse,Franceforbadethedestructionofunsoldconsumergoods.16.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空(本大題共20小題,共分)IhavedonemanythingsinthepastfouryearsIdidnotbelieveIwouldevenconsider,letalonedo.Eachofthese(21)seemedtobeasymbolofanotherstepinmylifethatI(22)togetthroughtosuccess.NotlongagoIhadtheopportunityto(23)arockwall.Nowthatdoesnotsoundveryhardto(24).Butwhenyoulookfortyfeet(25)andatthelittlethingsthatyouhavetosteponandholdonto,itdoesn'tseemso(26)afterall.AtleastthatiswhatI(27).ButIknewitwasachallengethatIwasgoingtotakeon.SoIputonmyclimbingshoes,lookedupatthewallandstartedup.
EachhandholdandeachfootholdwascarefullyplacedandonethingI(28)onthewayupwastonotlookbackorlookdown.Abouthalf(29)upIbegantofeeltiredbutIknewIcould(30)it.SoIcontinuedonestepatatime.Andyes,Ididmakeittothetopandwhatajoyitwastobefortyfeetintheairandlookdownathow(31)Ihadcome.Whatfunandwhatafeelingof(32)itwascomingbackdownandcelebratingwiththe(33),eightofusclimbedthewallinanafternoonoffunandchallenge.
AsIlookattheexperienceIcanseehowit(34)mysuccessandthedirectionIamcontinuingtopursue.Itis(35)thateverychallengeandeveryroadisconquered(征服)onestepatatime.EverytimeIgetalittle(36),thesechallengesandexperienceswillhelpmethroughthetoughtimesandstayfocusonthe(37).Somanytimespeoplewilllookbackandeitherslowdownorstopbecausesomethingdiscouragesthem.Thatdaytheprizewasthe(38)ofthewall.Butinlifetheprizeiseach(39)youhaveandcelebrateasyouconquereachchallengeonestepatatime.So(40)goingandyouwillgettothetop.21.
A.suggestions B.improvements C.discoveries D.challenges22.
A.offered B.created C.needed D.missed23.
A.build B.climb C.visit D.report24.
A.say B.judge C.do D.see25.
A.straight B.back C.down D.up26.
A.easy B.dangerous C.fantastic D.complex27.
A.thought B.proved C.concluded D.hoped28.
A.ignored B.admitted C.obtained D.learned29.
A.way B.time C.amount D.tour30.
A.take B.make C.follow D.give31.
A.fast B.far C.soon D.much32.
A.achievement B.appreciation C.independence D.familiarity33.
A.beer B.friends C.flowers D.audience34.
A.reminds B.directs C.represents D.refers35.
A.likely B.unbelievable C.true D.funny36.
A.scared B.unsatisfied C.confused D.discouraged37.
A.purpose B.course C.prize D.result38.
A.top B.size C.weight D.height39.
A.problem B.dream C.opportunity D.success40.
A.giveup B.keepon C.preparefor D.startwith第II卷(非選擇題)四、語法填空(本大題共1小題,共分)41.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Twogiantpandas"Sihai"and"Jingjing"lefttheYa'anBiFengXiaBaseofChinaConservationandResearchCenterfortheGiantPanda(CCRCGP),2022,(1)(start)theirjourneytoQatar.
Toensurethat(2)twopandasstarttheirnewlivessmoothly,bothsideshavemadefull(3)(prepare).Thetwopandashavebeeningoodcondition(4)theCCRCGPputthemintoquarantine(隔離)amonthago.
TheChineseteamhasalsosentseveralexpertgroupstoQatarforon-siteguidanceandassessmentofthevenues,(5)willassistthecountryinsettingupa(6)(profession)giantpandabreedingandmanagementteam,andensuresuppliesofbamboo.
Tohelpthegiantpandasadapttotheirnewenvironment(7)(easy),theresearchcenterhasalsosentexperiencedbreedersandexpertstoQatar.
InMay2020,ChinaandQatarsignedacooperationagreement(8)(concern)giantpandaprotectionandresearchto(9)(far)promoteinternationalcooperationinthefieldandtoboosttheprotectionofendangeredspeciesandbiodiversityinthetwocountries.ItisthefirsttimethatChina(10)(cooperate)withaMiddleEasterncountryinthiscapacity.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改錯(本大題共1小題,共分)42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用(╲)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Toenrichstudentsschoollifeandhelpuslearnmoreaboutspaceexploration,ourschoolorganizedavisittotheCityMuseumontheotherday.
Atthebeginning,somepicturesandvideosaboutspaceexplorationwereshowntothem.Bywatchingthem,,weexperiencedalifeandworkofastronauts,likehowtheydoinourspacestation.Alltheteachersandstudentswereveryexcited,tryandtouchingeverything.
,therewillbeevenmoreactivitieslikethis.六、書面表達(本大題共1小題,共分)43.自新冠疫情(COVID-19)暴發以來,很多學校都采取了線上教學方式。假定你校英語報正在征集關于在線教育的稿件,請你寫一篇短文投稿,內容包括:
1.在線教育的利與弊;
2.你的看法。
注意:
1.詞數100左右;
2.題目已為你寫好。
答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、B、D【解析】(1)細節理解題。根據Train
Platforms
as
School部分中的中的In
Orissa,India,in
order
to
try
to
lower
the
chances
of
children
quitting
school,one
woman
decided
that
she
would
bring
the
school
to
the
kids
and
it
certainly
worked!(在印度的奧里薩邦,為了降低孩子們輟學的機會,一位婦女決定把學校帶到孩子們身邊,這確實奏效了!
)可知,為了減低孩子們的輟學率,一位女教育工作者建起站臺學校。因此,站臺學校是為被迫輟學的孩子們建立的。故選D。
(2)細節理解題。根據Floating
School部分中的Each
year
in
summer,the
rivers
in
Bangladesh
flood.And
kids
are
left
without
a
way
to
school.(每年夏天,勐加拉國的河流都會發洪水。孩子們沒有去學校的路。)可知,水上學校只在一年中的某個特定時間存在。故選B。
(3)推理判斷題。根據Real
Life
Clown
School部分中的The
Ringling
Brothers
set
up
a
number
of
courses
and
schools
around
the
United
States
to
teach
the
students
the
art
of
clowning
around.Imagine
wearing
a
bright
red
nose
while
kids
are
laughing
around
you
for
a
balloon
animal.(林林兄弟在美國各地設立了許多課程和學校,向學生傳授小丑的藝術。想象一下,你戴上一個鮮紅的鼻子,孩子們為了一個氣球動物而圍著你笑。)可知,在Real
Life
Clown
School中,學生們學會給孩子們帶來快樂。故選D。
本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四所特別的學校。
1.直接信息題:直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息,選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題:間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息,但在語言表達上與原文有差異,做題時需要對原文信息進行轉換。3.綜合信息題:綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話,可能是原文的幾句話,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求學生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析,而不能斷章取義。
4~7.【答案】B、C、D、B【解析】(1)B.細節理解題.根據第一段Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.他的確確實像個游客,脖子上戴著相機,書包上還貼著一瓶防曬霜.可知,那個胖子看上去像個游客是因為他背著游客平常的東西.故選B.
(2)C.細節理解題.根據第一段Hissunglassesmaskedhiseyes,butIknewhewasn'tlookingatthebrochure:hehadn'tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.他的墨鏡遮住了他的眼睛,但我知道他不在看小冊子:在過去的十分鐘里他沒有翻過一頁.可知,作家知道那個人沒有看小冊子是因為頁面保持不變.故選C.
(3)D.細節理解題.根據最后一段
Ishivered(震顫).Thenightofmycaraccident,Iwasheadingforaninterviewinanillegaldanceclub.我瑟瑟發抖.我的車禍那天晚上,我正去一個非法的舞蹈俱樂部接受采訪.可知,作家沒有參加那次采訪.故選D.
(4)B.推理判斷題.根據第三段Thenighto£yourcaraccident,Iwasonmywaytorobajewelrystore.Savingyourlifebroughtthingsbackinarightway.Inowliveanhonestlife,thankstoyou.在您的車禍之夜,我正在搶劫一家珠寶店.挽救生命以正確的方式帶回了一切.謝謝你,我現在過著誠實的生活.以及最后一段Seeinghumankindnessthroughhisheroicgestureturnedmylifearoundandbroughtfaithbackintomylife.通過他英勇的姿態看到人類的善良,使我的生活轉了轉,使信仰重新回到了我的生活中.可知,他們對彼此的態度是感激的.故選B.
本文是一篇人生感悟類閱讀,主要講述了作者去非法的舞蹈俱樂部接受采訪的路上發生車禍,一個準備搶劫的人救了他,兩個人救贖了彼此,對彼此充滿感激.
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系,對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷;或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點.
8~11.【答案】D、B、C、A【解析】(1)細節理解題。根據第一段And
a
hand—shaped
robot
called
"Pepe",which
encourages
kids
to
wash
their
hands,has
helped
pupils
at
a
remote
Indian
primary
school
to
develop
habits
of
personal
hygiene(衛生).(一個叫"Pepe"的手形機器人鼓勵孩子們洗手,它幫助印度一所偏遠小學的學生養成了個人衛生習慣。)可知,這個機器人就是為了鼓勵學生養成洗手的好習慣。故選D項。
(2)細節理解題。根據第二段A
small
video
screen
behind
the
green
plastic
Pepe
acted
as
a
"mouth",allowing
researchers
to
tele—operate
the
robot
to
speak
to
the
pupils
and
draw
their
attention
to
the
poster
outlining
the
steps
of
effective
hand—washing.A
set
of
moving
"eyes"
helped
Pepe
pay
attention
to
the
children's
actions.(綠色塑料Pepe后面的一個小電視屏幕充當了一個"嘴",使研究人員能夠遙控機器人對學生說話,并把他們的注意力吸引到概述有效洗手步驟的海報上。一組移動的"眼睛"幫助佩佩注意孩子們的行動。)可知,研究人員通過操控這個機器人來讓學生關注墻上的海報,海報上有關于有效洗手的步驟,來告知學生如何洗手。因此可知,這個機器人是通過給學生傳播一些關于洗手方面的知識來幫助學生養成勤洗手的習慣。故選B項。
(3)推理判斷題。根據第三段The
robot
helped
pupils
wash
their
hands
more
effectively,increasing
their
rates
of
hand—washing
by
40
percent.Pupils
spent
twice
as
long
washing
their
hands
after
Pepe's
arrival.And
more
than
95%
of
the
students
could
correctly
determine
when
hand—washing
with
soap
has
to
be
done—before
a
meal
and
after
a
visit
to
the
toilet.(這個機器人幫助學生更有效地洗手,洗手率提高了40%。佩佩到來后,學生們洗手的時間增加了一倍。超過95%的學生能夠正確判斷何時必須用肥皂洗手——飯前和如廁后。)可知,這個機器人的到來提高了學生的洗手率,使得學生洗手的時間增加了一倍,因此可知,它的到來是很成功的。故選C項。
(4)詞句猜測題。根據最后一段He
said,
"We
were
delighted
by
the
success
of
Pepe's
visit
to
this
primary
school.The
children
were
excited
to
interact
with
this
relatively
simple
machine,which
was
clearly
good
for
keeping
their
hands
clean.Dr.Bhavani
from
Amrita
University
said,"
AMMACHI
(Amrita
Multi
Modal
Application
and
Computer
Human
Interaction)
Labs
have
taken
multi
plans
to
common
challenges
facing
low—income
rural
communities
in
India
and
worldwide
using
technology."(他說:"我們對佩佩訪問這所小學的成功感到高興。孩子們興奮地與這臺相對簡單的機器互動,這顯然有利于保持他們的手干凈。Amrita大學的Bhavani博士說:"AMMACHI
(Amrita多模式應用和人機交互)實驗室已經采取了多種計劃,利用技術解決印度和全世界低收入農村社區面臨的共同挑戰。")可知,機器人的到來使得學生們養成勤洗手的習慣,因此可推知,研究者們利用科技解決了一些問題、一些挑戰,因此可知劃線詞與A項"deal
with解決"意義相近。A.deal
with.處理,解決;B.write
a
place
on.在一個地方上面寫;C.make
a
speech
to.向發表演講;D.speak
to.與對話。故選A項。
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了為了讓孩子們養成洗手的好習慣,印度一學校在洗手站上方的墻安裝了一個機器人來吸引學生的注意力,讓他們勤洗手。這個機器人提高了學生洗手的頻率。
閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的獲取細節信息和邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據文章所述內容作出合理的推斷;或歸納作者所闡述的觀點理論。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點。
12~15.【答案】C、B、A、A【解析】(1)細節理解題。由文章第三段TheEmpathyChallengeisanexercisecreatedbyZoeChance,seniorlecturerattheYaleSchoolofManagement.AtYale,Chanceteachesacoursecalled"MasteringInfluenceandPersuasion"wherestudentslearntocommunicatemoreeffectively.(同理心挑戰是由耶魯大學管理學院高級講師佐伊?錢斯發起的一項練習。在耶魯大學,錢斯教授一門名為"掌握影響力和說服"的課程,讓學生學習如何更有效地溝通。)可知同理心挑戰專注于溝通技巧。所以答案為C。
(2)細節理解題。由文章第四段中的As
they
explain
their
position,,you
look
for
common
ground
as
you
reflect
those
values
back.That's
it.(當他們解釋自己的立場時,你要傾聽他們潛在的價值觀。最后,當你反映這些價值觀時,你要尋找共同點。就是這樣。)可知,Chance建議人們在處理分歧時找到大家的共同點。所以答案為B。
(3)推理判斷題。由文章倒數第二段One
man,an
Orthodox
Jew,explained
that
he
supported
Trump
because
Trump's
daughter
and
son-in-law
are
Jewish.The
next
man
was
a
Russian
immigrant
passionate
about
freedom.The
third
was
a
lawyer
who
believed
that
authenticity(真誠)
was
important
in
political
leaders.(一名正統猶太人解釋說,他支持Trump是因為Trump的女兒和女婿是猶太人。下一個人是一個熱愛自由的俄羅斯移民。第三位是一位律師,他認為真實對政治領導人來說很重要。)以及最后一段Although
Chance
and
Chose
people
had
different
political
beliefs,they
were
able
to
relate
to
the
life
values
of
others.(雖然Chance和Chose的政治信仰不同,但他們都能認同他人的人生價值觀。)可推知,三個人投票給Donald
Trump是因為他們的人生價值觀。所以答案為A。
(4)標題判斷題。由文章第二段While
having
a
rational
conversation
with
someone
who
has
a
different
opinion
might
seem
like
a
challenge,it
is
possible.One
way
is
to
approach
the
other
person
with
empathy.(雖然與持不同意見的人進行理性的對話似乎是一種挑戰,但這是可能的。一種方法是帶著同理心接近對方。)可知,本文主要講述了我們應該尊重不同的觀點。所以以A選項"尊重不同的觀點"作為題目最合適。所以答案為A。
本文是一篇議論文。文章講述了雖然與持不同意見的人進行理性對話似乎是一種挑戰,但這是可能的。一種方法是用同理心接近對方,即尊重不同的觀點或立場。
閱讀理解解題步驟:首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意,因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過程中,應盡可能多地捕獲信息材料;其次細讀題材,各個擊破,掌握全文的大意之后,細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時,要有較強的針對性,對于捕獲到的信息,要做認真分析,仔細推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對題目要求,才能做到穩、準。
16~20.【答案】C、F、A、D、B【解析】(1)推理判斷題。根據上文year,experts
expect
that
figure
to
top
﹩
1
trillion
for
the
first
time.But
millions
of
those
purchases
will
eventually
get
sent
back(專家預計,今年這一數字將首次突破1萬億美元。但數百萬美元的購買最終將被退回。)及下文Here's
what
you
need
to
know.(這里你需要了解以下幾點。)可知,文章后面闡述退貨存在的問題。選項C"Those
returns
can
have
a
big
environmental
impact.這些退貨可能會對環境產生重大影響。"
符合語境。故選C。
(2)推理判斷題。根據上文However,many
items
that
get
returned
never
go
back
on
sae.(然而,許多被退回的物品永遠不會重新銷售。)和下文About
5
billion
pounds
of
returned
goods
went
to
landfills
each
year,according
to
logistics(物流)company
Optoro.
(根據物流公司Optoro的數據,每年約有50億英鎊的退貨進入垃圾填埋場。)
可知,設空部分應該講的是這些退回物品會如何處理。選項F"Instead,they're
often
thrown
out,even
if
they're
still
brand-new.相反,他們經常被扔掉,即使他們仍然是全新的。"
符合語境。故選F。
(3)主旨大意題。根據下文When
you
send
a
product
back,companies
already
owe
you
a
refund,and
it
would
cost
them
even
more
to
ship
it
to
a
sorting
facility
and
have
someone
evaluate
whether
it
can
be
sold
again.(當你退回一件產品時,公司已經欠你一筆退款,如果他們把產品運到分揀設施并讓人評估是否可以再次銷售,成本會更高。)可知,退貨對商家所產生的成本問題。選項A"It
sounds
shocking,but
it
all
boils
down
to
cost.這聽起來令人震驚,但歸根結底是成本問題。"
符合語境。故選A。
(4)推理判斷題。根據上文Although
it's
unlikely
that
returned
items
will
be
sold
as
new,some
items
get
sent
to
discount
stores.(雖然退回的物品不太可能像新的一樣出售,但是有些物品會被送到折扣店。)和下文Other
unwanted
items
might
be
sent
overseas-although
many
could
still
go
to
the
garbage
eventually.(其他不需要的物品可能會被送到海外——盡管許多物品最終還是會被扔進垃圾箱。
)可知,提到了其它的返回的物品的可能的處理方式,舉例說明電子類產品的處理方式,D項"Things
like
electronics
could
get
separated
into
parts.像電子產品的這類東西可能會被拆分成零件。"
符合語境。故選D。
(5)推理判斷題。根據上文Third-party
logistics
businesses
have
also
popped
up
to
help
clean
up
the
return
process.But
that's
not
enough
on
its
own.(第三方物流企業也紛紛出現,幫助清理回報過程。但這還不夠。)以及下文If
we
continue
to
shop
without
thinking
about
the
environmental
impacts
of
our
decisions,we'll
ultimately
have
very
unsustainable
supply
chains.
(如果我們繼續購物,而不考慮我們的決定對環境的影響,我們最終將擁有不可持續發展的供應鏈。)可知,提到了作為消費者,消費者要承擔起這個責任。選項B"The
responsibility
falls
on
us
consumers
as
well.責任也落在了我們消費者身上。"
符合語境。故選B。
這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了網購退貨產生的重大問題及作為消費者該如何去做。
"七選五"選擇題,主要目的在于考查考生對文章的整體內容和結構以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。解題時最主要的兩個步驟就是1.理清文章的邏輯和結構,2.在所給的原文中找出關鍵詞或者說是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項,關鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細節,排除相近的選。得出正確的答案。
21~40.【答案】D、C、B、C、D、A、A、D、A、B、B、A、B、B、C、A、B、A、D、B【解析】(1)考查名詞及語境理解。建議;改進,提高;發現;挑戰。句意:每一個這樣的挑戰似乎都象征著我人生中邁向成功需要的又一個臺階。上文"IdidnotbelieveIwouldevenconsider,letalonedo"說到很多想不敢想更不敢做的事情,應該是很有挑戰性的事情,下文中攀巖就是一個挑戰的例子。故選D項。
(2)考查動詞及語境理解。提供;創造;需要;錯過;想念。句意:每一個這樣的挑戰似乎都象征著我人生中需要邁向成功的又一個臺階。結合下文"togetthroughtosuccess"可知走向成功需要挑戰,去克服挑戰是走向成功的一個必經階段。故選C項。
(3)考查動詞及語境理解。建造;攀爬;參觀;拜訪;報道;回報。句意:不久前,我有一個機會爬一堵巖壁。"rockwall"就是用來練習攀巖的,第7空后的句子及第13空后的句子都出現了climb一詞,原詞復現。故選B項。
(4)考查動詞及語境理解。說;評判;做;看見。句意:現在這聽起來并不難做到。主語that指代的就是"climbrockwall",攀巖這件事是我要做的。故選C項。
(5)考查副詞及語境理解。一直;直接;向后;返回;向下;向上。句意:但當你往40英尺高的地方看去,看著那些你必須踩著并抓住的小東西時,這似乎并不那么容易。后面看到的"littlethings"指的是攀爬時手抓腳踩的突起,此時攀巖還沒開始,應是向高處看。故選D項。
(6)考查形容詞及語境理解。容易的;輕松安逸的;危險的;極好的;復雜的。句意:但當你往40英尺高的地方看去,看著那些你必須踩著并抓住的小東西時,這似乎并不那么容易。上一句表示聽起來不難,本句but轉折,表示真做起來是很難的,并不容易,注意空前的否定詞not。故選A項。
(7)考查動詞及語境理解。認為;證明,證實;結束;得出結論;希望。句意:至少我是這么想的。看著那么高,可抓可踩的東西那么小,爬到頂部真不是容易,這就是開始攀爬前我的想法。故選A項。
(8)考查動詞及語境理解。忽視;承認;得到;獲得;學習;得知。句意:每一只手和每一只腳都被小心翼翼地放好,我在向上爬的過程中學會了一件事,就是不要向后看或向下看。結合下文"notlookbackorlookdown"可知,這是親身經歷過程中學習到的。故選D項。
(9)考查名詞及語境理解。方法;道路;時間;量;旅游。句意:爬到一半時,我開始覺得累了,但我知道我能做到。根據下文"Icontinuedonestepatatime"可知此處指我是在攀爬的路程中,即爬到半路上,就累了。故選A項。
(10)考查動詞及語境理解。拿;帶著;制造;跟隨;給與。句意:爬到半山腰時,我開始覺得累了,但我知道我能做到。固定表達makeit意為"成功",前面說爬到一半就累了,but轉折之后,應該是有了經驗知道自己能堅持下來,成功登頂。故選B項。
(11)考查副詞及語境理解。快速;遠地;不久;多。句意:是的,我真得到達了頂部,站在四十英尺的高空向下看我已經走了多遠,這是一件多么快樂的事啊。從地面到40米頂部這也是一段很遠的距離,與前面halfway呼應。故選B項。
(12)考查名詞及語境理解。成就;感激;欣賞;獨立;熟悉。句意:回到地面和朋友們一起慶祝是多么有趣和成就感啊。一件覺得很難的挑戰,成功之后是應該很有成就感的。故選A項。
(13)考查名詞及語境理解。A.beer
啤酒;B.friends
朋友;鮮花;觀眾。句意:回到地面和朋友們一起慶祝是多么有趣和成就感啊。攀巖時在一起,并且成功后與之一起慶祝的應該是自己的朋友。故選B項。
(14)考查動詞及語境理解。提醒;使想起;指導;代表;提及;參考,描述。句意:當我審視這些經歷時,我明白了它是如何指引我的成功和我繼續追求的方向的。根據后面的"direction"可知,這次挑戰成功為以后的成功及追求的方向提供了引導作用。故選B項。
(15)考查形容詞及語境理解。很有可能;令人難以置信的;真的;可笑的。句意:的確,每一個挑戰和每一條路都是一步一步來的。我此次挑戰成功后認識到"everychallengeandeveryroadisconquered(征服)onestepatatime."是真理。故選C項。
(16)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.scared
害怕的;不滿意的;困惑的;沮喪的,灰心的。句意:每次我有點害怕的時候,這些挑戰和經歷會幫助我度過艱難的時刻,并保持專注于過程。結合上文"IhavedonemanythingsinthepastfouryearsIdidnotbelieveIwouldevenconsider,letalonedo."可知我以前有些事想也不敢想,更不敢做,可推知我是膽小的,害怕挑戰。故選A項。
(17)考查名詞及語境理解。目的;課程;過程;C.prize
獎,獎金;結果。句意:每次我有點害怕的時候,這些挑戰和經歷會幫助我度過艱難的時刻,并保持專注于過程。此次攀巖成功的經驗也是不要光看頂部那么高害怕,而是在過程中一步一步爬,所以我應該認為要專注于過程。故選B項。
(18)考查名詞及語境理解。頂部;B.size
尺寸;規模;重量;高度。句意:那天的獎勵是墻的頂部。登頂成功就是對過程中一步一步攀爬的獎勵。故選A項。
(19)考查名詞及語境理解。問題;夢想;機會;成功。句意:在生活中,獎賞是你當你一步一個腳印地克服每一個挑戰時,你要為之慶祝的每一次成功。該空名詞在定語從句中作have和celebrate的賓語,克服
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