山西省大同市機車廠中學2021年高三英語上學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Alackofmedicineandmedicalfacilitiespartlythewidespreadofthatdisease.A.headedfor B.accountedfor C.calledfor D.appealedfor參考答案：B考查動詞短語。句意:藥物和醫(yī)療設備的缺乏是導致這種疾病蔓延的部分原因。accountfor意為"是……的原因";headfor意為"向……前進";callfor意為"需要";appealfor意為"呼吁"。故選B項。2.Heearnsabout$100aweek,______________isspentonbooks.A.halfofwhich

B.halfofthem

C.whose

D.halfofit參考答案：A3._______achievement,lastweek’sministerialmeetingsoftheWTOhaveearnedalow,thoughnotfailing,grade.A.Infaceof

B.Incaseof

C.Asaresultof

D.Intermsof參考答案：D.

解析：此題考察介詞短語的辨析。A:面對B:以防C:由于D:提到/涉及到4.—Accordingtomygrandma,itisagoodideatoeatchickensoupwhenyouhaveacold.—________,scientistsagreewithher.A.Soonerorlater

B.Onceinawhile

C.Tobeexact

D.Believeitornot參考答案：D5.Thiscompany_____roundlybyunionistsandsocialjusticegroupswhenitfiredanumberofworkersfornoreasonadecadeago.A.condemned B.hascondemned C.hasbeencondemned D.wascondemned參考答案：D【分析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意：十年前，當這家公司莫名其妙解雇許多員工時，收到了工會和社會正義團體的嚴厲譴責。該句有明顯的時間狀語adecadeago十年前，只能跟一般過去時連用。結合句意，這家公司是被譴責，所以要用被動語態(tài)。故選D項。【點睛】解時態(tài)題，可以結合句中的時間狀語，選擇相應的時態(tài)。至于語態(tài)，則根據句意來判斷。比如該題有明顯的時間狀語adecadeago，這是典型的用一般過去時的標志，結合句意，這家公司是被譴責，所以必須要用被動語態(tài)，所以選擇一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。6.I'mafraidI'mnot___tohelpwiththeshow,forIamfullyoccupiedwithmyownproject． A．dependable

B．convenient

C．available

D．accessible參考答案：C略7.Lilywastalkingtoourteacheraboutexamination,whensuddenlyTom

A.cutoff

B.cutout

C.cutup

D.cutin參考答案：D8.Muchtoour，Chinawon51goldmedias，morethananyothernation，atthe2008BeijingOlympicGames．A．regret

B．delight

C．disappointment

D．sadness參考答案：B9.

youdisagreewithher,she'sworthlisteningto.A.Evenif

B.Incase

C.Onlyif

D.Eversince參考答案：A略10.I________atopicforthecomposition,buthaven’tdecidedyet.A.willthinkabout

B.havebeenthinkingabout C.hadthoughtabout D.wasthoughtabout參考答案：B11.Oneoftherequirementsfortheexperimentisthatthematerial_____toitsburningtemperature．A．isheated

B．willbeheated

C．beheated

D．wouldbeheated參考答案：C12.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret_______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.while

B.when

C.that

D.as參考答案：B13.Johnthinksitwon’tbelong_____heisreadyforhisnewjob.

A.when

B.after

C.before

D.since參考答案：C14.——Davidshouldlietohisbestfriendinordertogetthewell-paidjob!——Itistypicalofhimbecausehe________.A.isfacinghisWaterloo

B.isvisuallychallengedC.hascast-ironnerves

D.worshipsthegoldencalf參考答案：D【詳解】考查句意理解題。A.isfacinghisWaterloo面對滑鐵盧；.isvisuallychallenged視力障礙；C.hascast-ironnerves意志堅強；D.worshipsthegoldencalf崇拜金錢。句意：—為了得到那份高薪的工作，大衛(wèi)竟然對他最好的朋友撒謊。—這是他的特點，因為他崇拜金錢。結合句意可知答案為D。15.Usuallywhatweighsusdownarenottheburdensoflife,buthowwehandle_______.

A.this

B.them

C.it

D.us參考答案：B16.—Areyougoingforanautumnouting?

—_____________________.

A.Italldepends

B.Itisalldepending

C.It’salldepended

D.Italldependson參考答案：A.解析：Italldepends.的意思是：“要看情況而定”。17.Hewasdrivingbackhome______suddenlyawomanranintohiscar.Awhile

Bsince

Cbefore

Dwhen參考答案：D18.(2018·北京)Intoday’sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforacompany.A.need B.shouldC.can D.must參考答案：C二、單詞拼寫19.單詞拼寫(每小題1分)根據下列句子及所給漢語注釋，在答題卡相應題號的橫線上寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式(每空只寫一詞)。66.Doyouspeakany__________(外國)languages?67.Rebeccawasthe__________(驕傲)ofherfamily.68.Willyoustop__________(打斷)mewhenI’mtalking?69.DavidBeckham’s__________(國籍)isBritish.70.The__________(現代)historyofItalydatesfrom1860.71.Bob’s__________(侄子)isafreshmanatHarvardUniversity.72.AlicewantedtoborrowJack’scomputer,buthe__________(拒絕).73.Her__________(書架)arefilledwithbooksandphotos.74.Whatareyougirls__________(耳語)about?75.Don’t__________(咳嗽)morethanyoucanhelp.參考答案：66.errupting69.nationality70.modern71.nephew72.refused73.bookshelves/bookcases74.whispering75.cough略三、閱讀理解20.Thinkplantsarejustboringgreenthingsthatyouuseforfoodanddecoration?Thinkagain!Plantsareabletodosomeprettyawesomethingsthatyou’reprobablytotallyunawareof.Researchershavediscoveredthatplantshavetheabilitytocommunicatewithanundergroundnetworkmadeupoffungus(真菌),whichservestheplantsinmanyways.Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients(養(yǎng)分)toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.ItsoundsliketheplantworldhadtheInternetbeforewedid.Someplantshavearatherimpressivelineofdefenseagainstbeingeaten.Whensensingtheyarebeingswallowed,theygiveoffachemicalintotheairthatattractstheinsect’snaturalenemy.Theenemyattacksthebug,thussavingtheplants.Thisisbasicallytheplantkingdomversionofgettingyourolderbrothertobeatupthatkidwhostealsyourlunchmoney.Youmightbeawarethathumansandanimalshaveaninternalclock.Butdidyouknowthatplantsalsohavethisclock?Thismeanstheycanprepareforcertaintimesofdayjustlikewedo.Isitbecausetheycanreacttolightatsunrise?Inastudy,scientistsfoundthatplantsusethesugarstheyproducetokeeptime,whichhelptoregulatethegenesresponsiblefortheplant’sowninternalclock.So,inasense,―wakeupwithpetunias(矮牽牛)isjustasvalidas―wakeupwiththechickens.Natureisfullofsurprises.Soforthoseofyouwhodidn’tknowthewondersofplants,nowyoudo.8.Howmanywaysdoesthenetworkoffungusservetheplants?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords―“yourolderbrother”inParagraph4referto?A.Thechemicalgivenoffbyplants. B.Theinsect’snaturalenemy.C.Thebugattackedbytheenemy. D.Theplanttobeeatenbytheinsect.10.Whathelpstheplantkeeptime?A.Thesugarsproducedbyitself. B.Itsowngenes.C.Thetimeofsunrise. D.Itsresponsetolight.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhisloveofdifferentplants.B.Tosharehisstudyonsomeawesomeplants.C.Tointroducetheunknownabilitiesofplants.D.Tomakepeopleawareofplantprotection.參考答案：8.B

9.B

10.A

11.C【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了植物有很多人類沒有發(fā)現的本領，包括：擁有一個通過真菌為媒介的地下“網絡”來互通消息、能夠自己想辦法防御昆蟲襲擊和擁有植物生物鐘。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients(養(yǎng)分)toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.”及第三段中的“Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.”可知，網狀真菌可以幫助西紅柿發(fā)出自身處于不健康狀況的警告信息(usethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions)、傳送營養(yǎng)物質(movenutrientstoandfromeachother)、通過傳播有害化學物質破壞不良植物(damageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus)，因此一共有三種方式，故B項正確。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。第四段講述了植物有一種使人印象深刻